CN1346212A - 数字电视系统 - Google Patents

数字电视系统 Download PDF

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CN1346212A
CN1346212A CN01137602A CN01137602A CN1346212A CN 1346212 A CN1346212 A CN 1346212A CN 01137602 A CN01137602 A CN 01137602A CN 01137602 A CN01137602 A CN 01137602A CN 1346212 A CN1346212 A CN 1346212A
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CN1186932C (zh
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崔仁焕
具永谋
姜景远
郭国渊
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LG Electronics Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/85—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
    • H04N19/88—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving rearrangement of data among different coding units, e.g. shuffling, interleaving, scrambling or permutation of pixel data or permutation of transform coefficient data among different blocks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L27/02—Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
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    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4382—Demodulation or channel decoding, e.g. QPSK demodulation

Abstract

公开了VSB(残留边带)调制/解调的数字电视系统。VSB发射机包括以考虑了TCM编码器信号映射的方式设计的附加误差校正编码器,多路调制器(MUX),以对应附加误差校正编码器的状态过渡处理方式操作的TCM编码器,和包括RF转换器的信号发射部分。并且,VSB接收机包括接收从发射机发射的信号的信号接收部分,TCM解码器,包括去随机函数装置的信号处理部分,和附加误差校正解码器部分。

Description

数字电视系统
                   技术领域
本发明涉及实现VSB(残留边带)调制/解调的数字电视系统。
                   背景技术
在1995年被用作美国标准系统的地面波数字广播的8VSB传输系统于1998年下半年进行试播。此类使用基于美国标准系统的地面波数字广播标准的试播也已经在韩国施行。
在该数字广播系统中，发射的信号通过地面信道由接收机接收。为了不管由信道引起的噪声在接收机中恢复信号，该信号以多种方法编码以便发射。该接收机响应多种编码过程，完成对应的解码处理过程，以恢复传输的信号。
近来，广播电台试验传输这样的数字广播，该广播主要传输音频和视频数据，还有附加的各种数据。该附加数据包括股票市场信息，气象预报，节目指导信息，HTML，可执行文件等等。
图3是根据相关技术TCM编码器的结构示意图。
参照图3，TCM编码器包括前置编码器1和编码器，前置编码器1通过前置编码第一输入位d1输出第一输出信号，编码器通过编码第二输入位作为第二输出信号c1输出第三输出信号，该标识数“3”表示8VSB绘图仪。
同时，前置编码器1包括加法器1a和存储器1b，该加法器输出将第一输入位d1加到延时信号得到第一输出信号c2，该存储器1b为加法器1a提供通过延时加法器1a的输出信号所得到的延时信号。
当使用附加数据时，根据相关技术的TCM编码器对附加数据产生致命的损害。
不同于信道传输中的一般的音频/视频数据，由于信道噪声的影响，附加数据容易受到致命的损害。例如，有缺陷的附加数据的信息可以通知观看者错误的信息，而有缺陷的一般音频/视频数据导致轻微的图象/声音损失。
具体地说，当附加数据包括数字或可执行文件时，小的数据错误引起整个操作失败的毁坏性的结果。
发明内容
因此，本发明直接涉及到数字电视系统，它可以充分地避免几个由于相关技术的局限和不足带来的问题。
本发明的一个目的是提供适合传输附加数据的数字电视系统。
本发明的另一个目的是提供耐噪声的数字电视系统。
本发明另一个目的是提供与常规的数字电视系统兼容的数字电视系统。
本发明的另外的优点，目的和特点随着在说明书中的描述对于在该技术领域有本发明方面的实际经验的普通技术人员来说是显而易见的。本发明的目的和其它的优点，通过如说明书及权利要求结合附图所指出的具体结构可以实现和得到。
为了实现这些目的和其它的优点，以及根据本发明的目的，通过概要地和概括地描述，VSB发射机包括考虑到在这里随后将要完成TCM编码，为TCM编码设计的为纠错对输入的附加数据进行状态过渡处理的附加误差校正编码器，对输入到这里的附加数据和ATSC数据进行多路调制的多路调制器(multiplexer)，以对应附加误差校正编码器的状态过渡处理的方式操作和编码由多路调制器输出ATSC和附加数据的TCM编码器，和将由TCM编码器输出的ATSC和附加数据转换成为RF(射频)信号并将该RF信号发射给接收机的信号发射部分。
在本发明的另一方面中，VSB接收机包括调谐由VSB发射机发射来的RF信号的RF调谐器，解调由RF调谐器输出的IF信号的VSB解调器，解码ATSC数据和附加数据的TCM解码器，去交错TCM解码器的软输出的去交错器(deinlerleaver)，对软输出的ATSC数据进行硬判定的限幅器，解码该硬输出ATSC数据的RS解码器，对通过RS解码器的ATSC数据去随机函数的去随机函数装置，对软输出附加数据进行纠错的附加误差校正解码器部分。
最好是在VSB接收机中的TCM解码器是用软输入信号产生软输出信号的解码器。
可以知道前面对本发明的一般性的描述和后面对本发明的详细的描述是典型的说明，并且打算像权利要求那样进一步解释本发明。
附图说明
说明书附图用以进一步理解本发明，并结合在其中构成该申请的一部分，说明本发明的实施例，与说明书结合一起解释本发明的原理。该附图包括：
图1是根据相关技术说明ATSC 8VSB系统中的TCM编码器和信号绘图仪；
图2是用于说明图1中的TCM编码器的隔断图；
图3是说明相关技术的TCM编码器的结构图；
图4说明在AWGN(附加的白色高斯噪声)信道上8VSB系统中的TCM编码器的性能曲线；
图5说明本发明的VSB通信系统；
图6说明本发明的VSB发射机；
图7说明本发明的TCM编码器；和
图8说明本发明的VSB接收机。
具体实施方式
详细参照本发明的优选实施例，结合附图说明本发明。
图4说明在AWGN(附加的白色高斯噪声)信道上8VSB系统中的TCM编码器的性能曲线；
未编码位d1的位误差速率，另一个编码位d0的位误差速率，和当关于未编码和编码位d1和d0作为一个数据流的总位误差速率示于图4。
参照图4，未编码位的位误差速率低于编码位的位误差速率。并且，整个位的位误差速率对应各自的未编码和编码位的位误差速率间的平均值。这是由于子设备(sub-set)由编码位确定，而在确定的子设备中的信号由未编码位确定。
当设定TCM码的间隔时，由于在一个子设备中，指定信号间的距离大于两个不同子设备信号间的距离，在子设备中确定信号的未编码位的性能优于编码位的性能。
在利用该特性时，使用位速率误差比编码位d0低的未编码位d1，输入具有较高意义的数据，以及使用位误差速率比未编码位d1高的的编码的位c0，输入另一个具有较少意义的数据。因此，可以设计更有效的数字电视系统。
图5示出了根据本发明的VSB通信系统。
参照图5，该VSB通信系统划分成为VSB发射机和VSB接收机。
该VSB发射机的构成包括：以考虑到TCM编码器信号映射方式设计，编码附加数据并校正其附加误差的附加误差校正编码器10，多路调制附加误差校正编码器10的输出信号与输入的ATSC数据的多路调制器(MUX)20，以对应附加误差校正编码器10的状态过渡处理过程的方式操作的TCM编码器30，和以接收端需要的射频发射TCM编码器30的输出的信号发射部分40。
该VSB接收机由如下部分组成，接收由信号发射部分40，即发射端，发射的信号的信号接收部分50，解码由信号接收部分50输出的信号的TCM解码器60，处理由TCM解码器60输出的信号的信号处理部分70，和通过解码TCM解码器60附加输出的信号，恢复附加数据的附加误差校正解码器。
该信号处理部分70由如下部分组成，限制TCM解码器60的输出信号的限幅器，解码限幅器输出的信号的RS解码器，和对RS解码器的输出信号进行去随机函数的去随机函数装置。
图6示出了根据本发明的VSB发射机。
参照图6，VSB发射机由如下部分组成，对附加数据进行附加误差校正从而完成编码的附加误差校正编码器110，对附加数据和未能通过附加误差校正编码器110的一般ATSC数据进行多路调制的多路调制器(MUX)120，对多路调制器120的输出信号进行随机化的随机函数发生器130，RS编码随机函数发生器130输出的信号并加上奇偶校验码的RS(reed-solomon)编码器140，为了防止在转输信道传输的数据可能发生的脉冲噪声交错RS编码器140的输出信号的交错装置150，编码交错装置150的输出信号成为TCM码的TCM编码器160，VSB调制TCM编码器160的输出信号的VSB调制器170，转换VSB调制器170的输出信号成为RF信号的RF转换器180，和给接收端发射RF信号的发射天线190。
图7中示出了图6中的本发明的TCM编码器160的详细结构，其中TCM编码器转化自通常的前置编码器。
参照图7，TCM编码器由如下部分组成，通过前置编码第一输入位d1成为第一转换输入信号s0，输出第二转换输入信号s1的前置编码器161，通过反向第二转换输入信号s1，输出第三转换输入信号s2的反向器162，通过比较第一和第二转换输入信号s0和s1，提供转换控制信号的比较器163，选择性输出第一至第三转换输入信号s0至s2之一作为第一输出信号c2的转换器164，和编码第二输入位d0作为第二输出信号c1，以便输出第三输出信号c0的编码器165，以及，标号“166”表示VSB绘图仪。
当第一输入位d1是附加数据时，该输入位d1通过转换器s0输出。这时，该输入位d1还输入到前置编码器161。当第一输入位d1是ATSC数据时，该输入位d1划分成为依赖于附加数据最后位的两个。如果转换器s0在最后位的输出等于转换器s1的输出，输出前置编码器的输出值，如果不是的话，输出前置编码器的反向值。
同时，该前置编码器161包括：输出将第一输入位d1和延时信号彼此相加得到的第二转换输入信号s1的加法器161a，和将加法器161a的延时预定时间输出信号得到的信号提供给加法器161a的存储器161b。
在附加符号和保持与相关技术VSB接收机兼容性的情况下，对第一位d1的上述操作旁路前置编码器。该术语“兼容性”意味着虽然在附加符号的情况下前置编码器被旁路，该相关技术VSB接收机可以没有误差地解码ATSC数据符号。
下面将详细解释VSB发射机的操作过程。
不同于一般的ATSC数据，作为附加服务的例如可执行文件，HTML等等的附加数据，为了防止由于噪声引起性能的恶化，需要另外的误差校正编码器110。
首先，为了误差校正，通过附加误差校正编码器110的附加数据和未能通过附加误差校正编码器110的一般的ATSC数据由多路调制器120做多路调制，以输出附加数据和ATSC数据之一。
然后，通过多路调制器120的附加数据或ATSC数据输入随机函数发生器130。
在这种情况下，附加数据旁路随机函数发生器130，同时ATSC数据随机通过随机函数发生器130。
奇偶性于是加到通过在RS(reed solomon)编码器140中的随机函数发生器130的附加数据和ATSC数据。而且，在交错器150中附加数据与ATSC数据交错，以防止发射数据在发射信道中产生脉冲噪声。
于是，从交错器150输出的附加和ATSC数据在TCM编码器160中再次编码。
如前解释所述，即使附加数据输入到这里，通过TCM编码器160的附加和ATSC数据也没有误差，这不同于在图3中使用不具有转换功能的常规前置编码器的情形。
例如，假设位0插入图3中的前置编码器161的存储器1b，和输入到前置编码器中的位流是下面的a1。
10110010000010111011001…………(a1)这里下面划线的数据流表示附加数据间隙，它是另外误差校正编码的。
当位流a1的附加数据间隙不能通过前置编码器161，同时ATSC码间隙通过前置编码器161时，得到下面的位流a2。
110110100011011011001  …………(a2)
如果所有的位流a2都通过后解码器，后解码器的输出由下面的位流a3表示。
101101110010110110101  …………(a3)
在该位流a3中由粗体(加黑的)数字1表示的位1属于先前的ATSC数据间隙，它意味着出现了差错。即比较输入位流a1与后解码器输出的位流a3，后解码器输出位流a3的加黑了的位在除了附加数据间隙(有下划线的位)外的先前的ATSC数据间隙中变化。
然而，在输入位流a1通过了对应图7中改进了的前置编码器的TCM编码器160后，下面的位流a4表示为
11011010011011011110   …………(a4)
在所有的位流a4通过了后解码器后，该后解码器输出下面的位流a5
101101110010110110001  …………(a5)
因此，在通过改进了的前置解码器的输入位流a1通过后解码器后，从后解码器输出的位流a5变得等于先前的ATSC数据间隙中的输入位流a1，即在先前的ATSC数据间隙中没有发生位流差错。
图8示出了本发明的VSB接收机的示意图。
参照图8，该VSB接收机包括：调谐通过天线200接收到的RF信号的RF(射频)调谐器210，解调从RF调谐器210输出的IF信号的VSB解调器220，解码VSB解调器220的输出信号然后提供软输出的TCM解码器230，将ATSC数据与具有从TCM解码器230输出的软信号的附加数据去交错的去交错器240，将从去交错器240输出的数据划分成为附加数据和ATSC数据，然后输出该划分了的数据的多路解调器250，判定从多路解调器250输出的ATSC数据的限幅器260，解码由限幅器260输出的信号的RS解码器270，对RS解码器270输出的信号进行去随机函数的去随机函数装置280，从由多路解调器250输出的附加数据除去奇偶性的RS奇偶性除去部分290，和解码RS奇偶性除去部分290的输出信号用于纠错的附加误差校正解码器部分300。
下面解释VSB接收机的操作过程。
首先，从VSB发射机发射的通过天线200接收的附加和ATSC数据通过RF调谐器210调谐。
从RF调谐器220输出的ATSC和附加数据通过VSB解调器220解调。VSB解调器220的输出信号由TCM解码器230解码，从而以软信号形式输出。
在该时刻，为了最大化图6中的发射机中的附加误差校正编码器110的性能，该TCM解码器230应当产生软输出。
SOVA(软输出维特比算法)和MAP(最大经验)是产生格码数据软输出的算法。在符号误差方面，MAP算法优于SOVA。
然而，最优化MAP算法在计算指数范畴概率以及传输信道的噪声变化假定方面有不足。
此外，SSA(次优化软输出算法)作为一种MAP算法，在该算法中，在不减少接收机性能和不必要假定噪声变化的对数范畴计算概率。
因此，如果SSA算法用作解码算法，为附加误差校正编码器110的输入位d1和d0产生四种软输出，它们在下面计算公式e1示出。
L(00)∝_LogP(d1d0＝00|观察)
L(00)∝_LogP(d1d0＝01|观察)
L(00)∝_LogP(d1d0＝10|观察)
L(00)∝_LogP(d1d0＝11|观察)…………….(e1)
由SSA解码器产生的软输出是解码后得到的“d1”和“d0”四种组合的概率测量值。同时，当使用作为外部码的卷积码时，这些软输出直接用作分支量度。
接着，由TCM解码器230输出的软信号形式的ATSC和附加数据在去交错器240中去交错。
在这种情况下，从去交错器240输出的ATSC数据在发射机中的随机函数发生器130中完成随机，通过去随机函数装置280，除此之外，如去随机函数装置280需要硬信号形式，对从去交错器240输出的ATSC数据完成硬判定，作为软形式。
还有，从去交错器240输出的不能通过去随机函数装置280的附加数据不需硬判定处理过程。因此，为了对从去交错器240输出的ATSC数据进行硬判定处理，ATSC数据依次通过限幅器260，和RS解码器270，然后输入到去随机函数装置280。
然而，为了不进行硬判定处理过程而除去加到发射机中的奇偶性，从去交错器240输出的附加数据通过RS奇偶性除去部分290，然后通过附加误差校正解码器部分300。
如前面所述，当使用TCM编码器的映象变换TCM编码器外面时，通过加上具有希望的状态过渡特性的附加误差校正编码器，根据本发明的数字通信系统能够完成具有信号噪声比高可靠性的数据传输，从而能够改善数字通信系统的性能。
前述的实施例仅仅是典型示例，而且不构成对本发明的限制。本发明的教导容易应用到其它类型的装置中。本发明的描述是打算进行说明，不限制所要求的保护范围。很多选择，改进和变化对于该技术领域的普通技术人员是显而易见的。

Claims (16)

1.一种VSB发射机，包括：
附加误差校正编码器，它对输入的附加数据进行状态过渡处理以校正误差，并且考虑到随后要进行的TCM编码为TCM编码进行设计；
多路调制输入到这里的附加数据和ATSC数据的多路调制器；
以对应附加误差校正编码器的状态过渡处理的方式操作和编码从多路调制器输出的ATSC和附加数据的TCM编码器；和
转换从TCM编码器输出的ATSC和附加数据成为RF(射频)信号和发射该RF信号到接收机的信号发射部分。
2.根据权利要求1的VSB发射机，还包括随机函数发生器，RS编码器，和依次串连连接到多路调制器和TCM编码器之间的交错器。
3.根据权利要求1的VSB发射机，这里的随机函数发生器仅处理ATSC数据。
4.根据权利要求1的VSB发射机，该信号发射部分包括：
VSB调制TCM编码器输出信号的VSB调制器；
转换VSB调制器的输出信号成为RF信号和输出该RF信号的RF转换器；和
发射RF转换器的输出到接收端的发射天线。
5.根据权利要求1的VSB发射机，其中附加误差校正编码器使用卷积编码方法。
6.根据权利要求1的VSB发射机，该TCM编码器包括：
前置编码输入数据的前置编码器；和
根据输入的数据是附加数据还是ATSC数据，使输入的数据通过或避免通过前置编码的信号通路选择部分。
7.根据权利要求1的VSB发射机，其中输入的数据通过或避免通过前置编码取决于附加误差校正编码器的种类。
8.根据权利要求1的VSB发射机，其中的ATSC数据包括用VSB方法发射的音频数据和视频数据。
9.一种VSB发射机，包括：
附加数据校正误差编码的附加误差校正编码器；
多路调制由附加误差校正编码器输出的附加数据和输入到这里的ATSC数据的多路调制器；
旁路从多路调制器输出的数据中的附加数据和只随机化ATSC数据的随机函数发生器；
将奇偶性加到附加数据和从随机函数发生器输出的ATSC数据的RS编码器；
将从RS编码器输出的附加和ATSC数据交错的交错器；
旁路从交错器输出的数据中的附加数据和只编码ATSC数据的TCM编码器；
调制从TCM编码器输出的附加和ATSC数据的VSB调制器；和
RF转换从VSB调制器输出的附加和ATSC数据的RF转换器。
10.根据权利要求9的VSB发射机，该TCM编码器包括：
通过前置编码第一输入位作为第一转换输入信号，输出第二转换输入信号的前置编码器；
通过反向第二转换输入信号，输出第三转换输入信号的反向器；
通过比较第一和第二转换输入信号，提供转换控制信号的比较器；
选择地输出第一至和第三转换输入信号中的一个作为第一输出信号的转换器；和编码第二输入位作为第二输出信号，以输出第三输出信号的编码器。
11.根据权利要求10的VSB发射机，其中的比较器提供转换控制信号，以使当作为第一转换输入信号的第一输入位等效于第二输入信号时，该比较器输出作为第一输出信号的第二转换输入信号，和当第一转换输入信号不同于第二转换输入信号时，该比较器输出作为第一输出信号的第三转换输入信号。
12.根据权利要求10的VSB发射机，该前置编码器包括：
输出通过将第一输入位和延时信号彼此相加得到的第二转换输入信号的加法器；和
将以预定的时间延时加法器输出信号得到的信号提供给加法器的延时器。
13.一种VSB接收机包括：
调谐从VSB发射机接收到的附加数据和ATSC数据的信号接收机部分；
解码ATSC和附加数据，输出软信号的TCM解码器；
对具有从TCM解码器输出的软信号形式的ATSC数据进行硬判定的信号处理部分；和
解码从误差校正的TCM解码器输出的软信号形式的附加数据的附加误差校正解码器部分。
14.根据权利要求13的VSB接收机，信号处理部分包括：
限制从TCM解码器输出的ATSC数据的限幅器；
解码限幅器输出信号的RS解码器；和
对RS解码器的输出信号去随机函数的去随机函数装置。
15.一种VSB接收机包括：
调谐从VSB发射机发射的RF信号的RF调谐器；
解调由RF调谐器输出的IF信号的VSB解调器；
解码ATSC数据和附加数据的TCM解码器；
对TCM解码器的软输出去交错的去交错器；
对软输出的ATSC数据进行硬判定的限幅器；
解码硬输出ATSC数据的RS解码器；
对通过RS解码器的ATSC数据进行去随机函数的去随机函数装置；和
对软输出的附加数据进行误差校正的附加误差校正解码器部分。
16.根据权利要求15的VSB接收机，还包括在去交错器和附加误差校正解码器部分间除去附加数据的奇偶性的RS奇偶性除去部分。
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US20100275095A1 (en) 2010-10-28
CN1186932C (zh) 2005-01-26
US20050041749A1 (en) 2005-02-24
US20050129132A1 (en) 2005-06-16
US20050041748A1 (en) 2005-02-24
US20050089103A1 (en) 2005-04-28
US8743971B2 (en) 2014-06-03
US7474702B2 (en) 2009-01-06

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