CN1348568A - 利用中间帐户的电子付款系统 - Google Patents

利用中间帐户的电子付款系统 Download PDF

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CN1348568A
CN1348568A CN99815639A CN99815639A CN1348568A CN 1348568 A CN1348568 A CN 1348568A CN 99815639 A CN99815639 A CN 99815639A CN 99815639 A CN99815639 A CN 99815639A CN 1348568 A CN1348568 A CN 1348568A
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payment
account
transaction
point
sale
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D·雷斯尼克
M·J·卡拉南
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PreNet Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/02—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by keys or other credit registering devices
    • G07F7/025—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by keys or other credit registering devices by means, e.g. cards, providing billing information at the time of purchase, e.g. identification of seller or purchaser, quantity of goods delivered or to be delivered
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/02—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/04—Payment circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/085—Payment architectures involving remote charge determination or related payment systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/10—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic funds transfer [EFT] systems; specially adapted for home banking systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/10—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic funds transfer [EFT] systems; specially adapted for home banking systems
    • G06Q20/102—Bill distribution or payments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/20—Point-of-sale [POS] network systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/20—Point-of-sale [POS] network systems
    • G06Q20/204—Point-of-sale [POS] network systems comprising interface for record bearing medium or carrier for electronic funds transfer or payment credit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/22—Payment schemes or models
    • G06Q20/28—Pre-payment schemes, e.g. "pay before"
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/342—Cards defining paid or billed services or quantities
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
    • G06Q40/12—Accounting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F19/00—Complete banking systems; Coded card-freed arrangements adapted for dispensing or receiving monies or the like and posting such transactions to existing accounts, e.g. automatic teller machines
    • G07F19/20—Automatic teller machines [ATMs]
    • G07F19/211—Software architecture within ATMs or in relation to the ATM network

Abstract

在销售点向店主交纳现金付款。用电子方法进行所述付款交易,记入最终用户帐户的贷方。随后在中间帐户和卖主站点之间的电子通信实现以最终用户的名义为商品或服务向卖主付款。这个系统反向运用现有的信用卡付款系统,以便提供在众多的商店交纳现金付款的方便。

Description

利用中间帐户的电子付款系统
相关申请数据
本申请是1998年11月17日提交的美国临时专利申请No.60/108,762的继续申请，也是1999年7月1日提交的美国临时专利申请No.60/141,994的继续申请；这两个在先申请均附此作参考。申请人遵照巴黎公约和美国法典第35章20款(35 USC§20)要求关于这两个在先申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及为购买商品或服务而付款的方法和设备。具体地说，本发明针对在诸如商业销售点等一些方便地点中任何地点接收现款或其他手段付款，并包括用于在付款时向选定的最终用户帐户提供电子信贷用的装置。在付款侧和卖主帐户侧之间提供一个中间帐户，在性能、记帐、信贷风险分配、方便和用户匿名方面提供优点。
发明背景
已知有各种装置，用来给商品和服务付款，最基本的方法是购买的当时就地现金付款。信用卡和结算卡由于购物方便而得到广泛应用，因为用户不必携带现金和冒现金丢失和被盗的危险。信用卡记帐还用来扩大向用户或持卡人的信贷，尽管都知道信用卡发行人要承担很大的借贷损失的风险。商品和服务卖主避免借贷损失并减小收帐问题的一个途径是建立“预付款”帐户。预付款帐户，正如它的名字所暗示的，要求用户为选定的商品或服务预先付款；商品或服务交付后将用户的余额记入借方而从预付款帐户中冲销。这里的问题是向预付款卖主帐户充值(adding value)或“再充值”(“recharging”)不方便。
预付款无线电(蜂窝式电话)业务是一个示例。预付款无线电业务使用户能够通过与无线电远程通信营销商建立预付款帐户来利用蜂窝式电话和数字通信的方便。一般做法是，预付款无线电卡，每一张卡相当于一个无线电业务帐户，在有限数目的地点以预设的面额出售。该卡以固定的数额增量发行，例如$20，$50或$100。每一张卡为最终用户提供规定金额或分钟的无线电呼叫量。初始分配额用尽之后(或之前)，用户一般可以通过呼叫800号码，把信用卡放在手边，或者通过与用户业务代表(CSR)对话、或者利用自动系统来给信用卡增加分钟数，来给他们的无线电帐户充值。这种系统不论对用户和无线电运营商都很麻烦。另外，某些用户因为信贷问题而持有预付款无线电帐户，因而可能不持有用于此目的有效的信用卡。
需要实现无线电远程通信业务以及其他商品或服务付款的一种新方法，它使用户能够给用户的帐户充以不同的数值。新的系统应该允许在方便的地方进行这样的付款。新的付款系统还应该允许用户进行帐单付款或者、例如从遥远的卖主购买商品或服务，而不必预先建立商品信贷。以下一点也是希望的，即一种付款系统提供匿名，尤其是用来拨打远方的卖主，但买方和卖方物理上还是隔开的，已知“持卡人不在场”的情况会成为信用卡被骗丢失的原因之一。现金的使用能对付这些问题中的一些，但是对于远方的卖主这是不实际的。
发明概述
本发明的首要方面是提供储值中间帐户，以实现集中付款系统。集中付款系统与商业销售点相联接，在这里从最终用户(或其代理人)接收现金付款(或其他形式的付款)。本发明影响在全球范围用于信用卡交易的现有财务网络，但就接收付款而言是“反向”使用该现有系统，而不是在商业销售点上扩展信贷。与现存全球范围的网络、例如VisaNet或其他与卡有关的网络的联接，用这个新的途径允许在成百万个与该网络耦合的商业站点中任何一个上接收付款，于是给最终用户提供极大的方便。该付款被登入保持在集中付款系统上的中间帐户。这样，本发明一个重要特征是使用普遍存在的基于标准的电子系统，用来从零售销售点终端对最终用户的帐户进行充值(增加金额)。
本发明的另一方面集中在系统的付款侧；就是说，以最终用户的名义从中央中间帐户向无线电运营商或其他卖主实现电子付款。在这方面的另一个优点是安全和匿名，因为在中央中间付款系统中不必存储有关最终用户的个人信息，甚至不必存储用户的姓名。
参照附图阅读对本发明最佳实施例的以下的详细描述，本发明的其他目的和优点将变得显而易见。在该详细描述中，我们将用无线电业务作为可以利用集中付款系统付款的商品或服务的一个示例。无线电业务只是举例说明而已，用作描述本发明一个方便途径；它可以用来为任何商品或服务付款。
附图简介
当阅读并结合附图进行考虑时，参阅以下的详细描述，本发明的上述方面和随之而来的优点将变得显而易见。附图中：
图1是介绍本发明的系统和方法中涉及的各个部分的方框图；
图2是举例说明利用按照本发明的中间付款处理器系统对在预付款平台上保持的最终用户帐户进行充值的方法的流程图；
图3是举例说明通过预付款用户照料业务(PreCash Customer CareServises)建立帐户和进行用户查询的流程图；
图4是举例说明冲销未经授权的或不适当处理的交易的方法的流程图；
图5是举例说明对由预付现款卡用户为无线电远程通信业务付款进行财务结算和清理用的方法的流程图；
图6是举例说明报告最终用户、店主和无线电运营商每日和每月活动用的方法的流程图；
图7是举例说明预付款卡订货、生产和分配用的方法的流程图；
图8是举例说明与用户、店主、预付款和互联网运营商之间的通信有关的组件的方框图；
图9是举例说明向预付款处理器充值和授权请求的通信方法的一系列流程图。
最佳实施例的详细描述
图1举例说明按照本发明的系统的主要组件和方法，以提供购买无线电远程通信业务和其他预付款商品或服务用的付款和相关功能。参见图1，卡用户20代表已经或将要按照本发明建立一个或多个付款帐户的个人。以正在访问销售点的形式来说明卡用户20。销售点可以是传统的实体(brick and mortar)零售商店，诸如商店或餐馆。对于本目的的销售点，正如这里进一步描述的，也可以是用户可以去到的任何地方的自动柜员机(ATM)、公用电话间、触摸屏或其他数据终端。
在图1中，店主30一般指诸如便利店或其他商店等销售点设施的业主。一般说来，店主30指其中装有一个或多个销售点以便提供对财务网络的访问的商业设施。例如，今天全球成百万个零售设施都已经安装了小型数据终端，后者或者利用拨号modem(调制解调器)或者利用专用线路与财务网络耦合，以便交换财务交易信息。一般说来，这些终端包括读卡机，后者使店主雇员可以“刷”信用卡，以此读卡机读出信用卡的帐号，以便通过财务网络作为信用卡(或结算卡)购买交易的一部分进行传输。按照本发明，正如后面还将描述的，也可以使用同样类型的终端，来便于进行付款交易，其中持卡人向销售点的店主交付现金或用其他方式付款，以便对相关用户的帐户、例如、无线电运营商预付款平台112进行充值或增加金额。
本系统的核心是付款处理器40，后者可以方便地在像后面还将更详细地描述地编程的适当的通用数字计算机上实现。付款处理器的主要特征和功能(其中每一个都将依次更详细地描述)包括：装置50，用来访问现有的财务网络，以便交换财务交易数据；帐户激活业务60，用来激活和保持付款处理器系统上的中间帐户；付款用户照料业务70；付款清理、结算和报告业务80；付款卡生产和管理业务；以及用于把付款处理器系统联接到用户、诸如无线电运营商预付款平台112的装置100。
指出以下一点是很关键的，在这种应用中，持卡人或卡用户20是利用由诸如无线电运营商110/112等卖主提供的商品或服务的个人(或企业)。用户帐户，我们还称之为最终用户帐户，是由诸如无线电运营商110等卖主保持在卖主预付款平台112上的。在这里最终用户不是指“用户”。而本付款系统的“用户”是商品或服务的提供者，诸如无线电电信业务运营商110，后者再向最终用户提供商品或服务。卖主就是本付款系统的“用户”。本系统用来服务于众多用户(他们中的每一个都有他们自己的最终用户群(universe)的需求。本系统一个重要的特征是用户界面100提供标准化的界面，以便众多渴望的“用户”能够利用本系统，为他们的最终用户提供高效实时价格可取的方法来给商品或服务付款。付款处理器40保持一个持卡人帐户数据库，正如后面还将进一步解释的，其中的每一个都与相应的“用户”或卖主最终用户帐户相“联系”。
图2是举例说明对预付款平台上保持的最终用户帐户进行充值交易处理以增加其金额的基本方法的流程图。我们用预付款无线电业务作为用户/卖主的一个示例。付款卡用户20访问其中安装了销售点终端32的销售点店主。卡用户向店主付款，例如用现金，并出示用户帐户识别符。这指的是在预付款处理器40上保持的中间帐户。这与在运营商的预付款平台112上保持的最终用户的帐户并非同一帐户。卡用户可以通过提供卡本身来出示中间帐号，在这种情况下，店主可以在典型的销售点终端刷卡，以便读出帐号。或者，可以手动把帐号键入销售点终端。店主也可以键入付款的金额并按一下键或键入预定的代码，以便启动授权请求。
向店主付款不一定需要用现金。例如，可以用信用卡或结算卡付款。在这种情况下，同一个销售点终端32可以方便地用来进行信用卡或结算卡交易。但是应该已经收到付款，于是店主指示付款数额，正如所指出的，并通过终端把授权请求54发送到财务网络54中。财务网络52相当于当前正在使用的现有卡相关网络中的任何一个，例如，VisaNet网络。销售点终端32可以直接连接到财务网络，或者多个单个终端有时通过商业集线器(未示出)聚集在一起，而后者又与财务网络通信。这种连接的各种结构都是先有技术已知的。一个或多个销售点终端联网或用其他方法耦合到零售点商店的商业主机也是常见的。另外，通常的情况是销售点终端(或商业主机/集线器)与“采集处理器”通信，后者又与卡相关网络通信(图2的52)。正如图14中举例说明的，可以经由这些网络布局中的任何一种来应用本发明。
在所有的情况下，授权请求消息都利用对应于付款处理器40的银行识别号码(BIN)按规定路由发送到付款处理器40。BIN是6位号码序列，银行卡公司用来识别它们的财务交易。例如，AmericanExpress(AmEx)公司的范围是3XXXXX；Visa公司的范围是4XXXXX，而MasterCard公司的范围是5XXXXX。号码的范围分配给本发明的处理器，使之就好像是信用卡的发行人一样出现在财务业务网络上。于是由付款处理器40保持的每一个中间帐户识别符便包括BIN，以便通过现有的财务网络52把通信发送到处理器。处理器40接收交易，对其进行处理，经由财务网络52通过连接57把批准或拒绝授权的消息56发送回销售点终端32。假定交易得到批准，则销售点终端可以打印一份收据，或者任选地可以打印一份副本，一份给卡用户，一份给店主。这种类型的交易毫无困难地穿过现有的财务网络，因为卡号和交易消息(例如，授权请求/批准/拒绝授权)符合银行卡工业标准和协议。本发明的主要优点是它通过为新的目的以新的方法运用全球范围现有的财务网络，促进其发展。因此，能够以最小的实现成本在全球范围向用户提供本发明的功能和特征。
在付款处理器40和销售点终端32之间完成付款交易之后，处理器40向运营商预付款平台112提供充值通知信号114。这种充值通知识别最终用户帐户，后者对应于卡用户在销售点上出示的中间帐号(以前已经与之关联)。该充值通知消息114还包括应该记入最终用户帐户贷方或对其“充值”的金额。这个金额不一定要与最终用户向店主付款的金额相同，依可以采用的各种费率、折扣或促销计划而定。在远程通信业务的情况下，信贷可以用无线电通信分钟数而不是美为单位表示。所有这些考虑和选项都通过在处理器40上适当编程考虑进去。处理器40最好通过宽带数据通信链路、诸如帧中继连接耦合到用户地点，例如，运营商预付款平台112，以便将延迟减至最小。因此，在零售点付款之后，以接近“实时”的方式将所述最终用户帐户充值。这样，在预付款无线电业务的情况下，当卡持有者的无线电帐户的资金已经被用完时，在向所述零售商付款之后所述帐户将被“充值”，于是在几秒种之内即可获得电信服务。消除了“邮寄检查”的延迟。
图3是举例说明建立中间帐户和预付款用户照料业务(PreCashCustomer Care Servises)的方法的流程图。开始，付款卡用户22与付款帐户助理模块78接触，后者能够以付款处理器系统40上的或可以与处理器通信的其他平台上的用户照料业务软件70的形式来实现。帐户助理软件可以例如利用在商业上可以购得的交互语音识别(IVR)技术实现。这种用户业务应用程序78可以被卡用户访问，以便通过把由诸如无线电运营商预付款平台112等付款用户保持的中间帐户(卡号)与最终用户帐户关联而激活他或她的帐户。卡用户访问用户业务应用程序78，并促使其识别用户(运营商)和/或最终用户的帐号。(所述用户帐号往往可以用来识别运营商)。用户业务应用程序70与预付款平台112通信，以便证实或确认与由卡用户提供的帐号。假定帐户信息有效，则用户照料业务70在处理器40上启动帐户激活过程。具体地说，帐户激活操作的作用是把卡号(中间帐户识别符)与选定的预付款平台(或其他卖主)最终用户帐号关联起来。这种关联反映在由付款处理器40保持的中间帐户数据库上。这里不必有处理器数据库来包含有关卡用户的任何个人信息；它甚至不必包括卡用户的姓名。但是，可以采取措施提供安全，以便防止例如未经授权的个人把中间帐户的关联从一个卖主改变为另一个卖主。
若卡用户在利用帐户助理模块78时遇到困难、或者就想与操作员(人)交谈，那么，例如可以选择按“零”、以便与操作员(人)120连接。作为另一个方案，卡用户22可以想在任何时候就在任何时候直接与用户业务代表120接触。在图3中，CSR 120是加入预付款平台112的卖主，例如，无线电业务运营商(图1的110)的用户业务代表。付款系统用户照料业务70向运营商的CRS 120提供支持，使得用户业务代表可以进行帐户激活，并查询处理器的数据库。用户照料业务最好通过用户照料web(万维网)服务器界面72来提供。Web服务器不是公用的。相反，它是专用的，以便通过在运营商CRS的计算机上执行的用户照料浏览器122向运营商CRS提供方便的界面。运营商(或其他用户CRS)只在需要向卡用户提供用户业务时才在处理器系统40上具有有限的访问权和特权。例如，运营商CRS不能进行像上述那样只有店主才做的与付款交易相当的操作。
图4举例说明付款用户照料业务应用程序70的附加特征。这里，用户照料业务包括向店主支持操作者34提供支持。万一充值冲销交易变得必要、例如当付款交易出错时，销售点店主30与店主支持操作者接触。用户照料业务应用程序70向可以由店主支持操作者34访问的处理器40提供交互界面。在当前的最佳实施例中，用户照料业务包括用户照料web服务器应用程序72，使得店主支持操作者可以方便地通过诸如在市场上可以购得的可以在个人计算机上工作的web浏览器等用户照料浏览器界面36访问处理器。用这种方法不需要专门的设备即可向参预的店主提供优质支持。
用户界面
再次参见图1，它表示用户界面100，后者用于把处理器联接到用户平台。要提醒读者，在整个本文中，“用户”指付款处理器系统的用户，而“最终用户”指持卡人，就是说使用“用户”所出售的商品或服务的个人。付款系统用户界面至少支持三种类型的交易：帐户充值、帐户确认和充值冲销。
下面是对这三种交易类型中每一种以及与此相关的付款处理的描述。
1.帐户充值。帐户充值(又称帐户存值)是一种使用付款卡给存储在用户数据库中的最终用户的帐户增值的交易。当收到帐户充值交易时，付款系统进行一系列检验以便确定该交易是否有效。这些检验包括例如付款帐户的授权、访问交易的速度及其极限、店主的确认和重复交易的检测。
若该交易通过确认检查，则付款处理器准备好关于用户处理器处的远程处理的交易。付款系统根据付款帐号识别用户、用户平台和最终用户帐号。
2.帐户确认。帐户确认是一种检验在用户数据库是否存在最终用户帐号(例如，蜂窝式电话号码)的交易。这种交易是在最终用户的帐号与付款系统(中间)帐号相联系时进行的。这种交易可以或者由运行在语音响应装置(VRU)上的交互语音响应(IVR)应用程序来管理，或者如同上面参照图3描述的那样，由通过web浏览器和web服务器访问预付款处理器的用户照料代表(人)来管理。一般，这种交易对每一个付款卡(帐户)只进行一次，而且对每一个最终用户只进行一次。
3.充值冲销(load reversal)。充值冲销是一种冲销以前处理的帐户充值交易的效果的交易。这种交易不是为了仅仅从与最终用户的余额扣除金额而设计的，而仅仅是为了回复以前对该帐户进行的已经识别的充值交易的效果而设计的。对这种交易类型的其他要求包括充值冲销必须在原帐户进行充值交易的同一天进行，而且最终用户帐户必须具有足以从其中扣除冲销金额的余额。这种交易正如上面参照图4所描述的那样，将由通过web浏览器和web服务器访问付款处理器的用户照料代表(人)管理。这种交易用来给店主提供一种冲销出错的交易、而不是提供向未交足货款的最终用户扣款(偿还)的能力。
通信
再次参照图2，尽管可以使用各种通信硬件和协议，但是，在当前的最佳实施例中，在付款系统(处理器40)和用户之间的连接可以是帧中继网络114或其他加密的链路116。交易消息藉以从付款系统发送给用户的通信协议可以是例如TCP/IP。用户可以实现具有接收和响应包括TCP/IP服务器侧套接字的TCP/IP消息资格的任何机制。
在用户处理器上处理交易
每一种交易类型由付款处理器以不同的方式处理。下面将描述一旦识别出交易类型很可能在付款处理器出现的处理：
1.帐户充值。根据用户帐号查阅持卡人的帐户。进行确认校验。把付款金额加到该帐户的余额上。登录该交易。回应付款处理器。
2.帐户确认。根据用户帐号查阅持卡人的帐户。登录该交易。回应付款处理器。
3.充值冲销。根据用户帐号查阅持卡人的帐户。进行确认校验。这将包括确认持卡人帐户的余额至少等于准备从余额扣除的金额。从该帐户的余额减去以前处理的交易金额。登录该交易。回应付款处理器。
批处理
付款系统可以编程以便支持批处理。在批处理系统中，用户只可以使用上述功能中的一个子集。在批处理环境中预期可以有以下的限制：
1。延迟的充值交易。因为批处理具有异步的性质，所以对最终用户帐户余额的任何更新都会经历延迟。
2.没有帐户确认。在批处理环境中，取消了帐户确认交易类型的有效性。因此，这种交易类型不可用。
3.有限的充值冲销交易。充值冲销交易类型的一个要求是最终用户的帐户余额至少等于准备冲销的金额。这在批处理环境中无法校验。
尽管如此，本发明的许多主要优点仍可以用批处理配置来实现。
结算和清理
图5举例说明按照本发明的清理和结算处理。如前所述，卡用户20在销售点向店主现金付款，而店主随后把该现金存入店主的银行帐户38。付款交易在付款处理器40数据库(未示出)中进行登录。在该处理日结束时，处理器集合该日基于店主的所有的充值(付款)交易，并将其成批写入一个文件。这种功能由付款财务清理和结算业务应用程序80进行，后者可以用软件作为处理器系统的一部分加以实现。这个借方批文件82提交给自动票据交换所(ACH)网关130进行处理。ACH网关130则把这种信息发送给联邦储备局，后者又从店主的银行帐户38把存款记入借方，并把存款记入贷方，以便给预付款处理器的银行帐户140充值。于是，付款处理器系统便完成各种帐务功能，并提供票据清理数据，使结算过程得以通过存款从店主银行帐户到预付款处理器银行帐户的电子转帐而发生。一旦付款处理器把这个转帐与交易活动记录对帐，以保证确保准确的存款，然后把该存款发送到相应用户的银行帐户。在交易活动和存款实际转帐进入用户的银行帐户之间会过去几天，在这个时间里，将出现处理和对帐。可以由处理器准备定期财务报表，并提供给用户和店主，所述定期财务报表对每日活动进行摘要，并将这些活动与随后的存款转帐相联系。
报告功能
图6举例说明这些报告活动和当前最佳实施例。参照图6，付款报告业务82向销售点店主30提供日活动摘要，并且可以提供定期、例如、每月的活动和财务摘要信息。其次，付款报告业务向其用户、例如无线电运营商110提供每日的活动摘要，还能提供定期活动和财务摘要。最后，正如图6中举例说明的，报告业务82可以向无线电运营商预付款平台卖主112提供定期活动摘要。
卡的生产和管理业务
图7举例说明卡生产和管理业务。
对于本专业的技人员，在不脱离本发明的原理的情况下，对本发明上述实施例的细节显然可以作出许多改变。因此，本发明的范围只应由后附的权利要求书确定。

Claims (49)

1.一种用于实现为商品或服务付款的方法，它包括：
设置集中付款处理器；
在具有相应帐户识别符的所述付款处理器上建立中间帐户；
把所述中间帐户与由卖主保持的最终用户的帐户关联起来；
进行付款交易，后者包括在销售点上连同所述帐户识别符一起从最终用户接收付款；
从所述销售点向所述集中付款处理器传递反映所述付款交易的数据；
在所述付款处理器中，对所述付款交易数据进行确认，并向所述销售点发送回应，若所述确认步骤的结果是批准所述交易，则所述回应包括批准的指示；以及
在所述付款处理器中，若所述确认步骤的结果是批准所述交易，则与卖主联接，以便响应所述付款交易，给所述最终用户相关帐户充值。
2.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述付款采取现金形式。
3.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述付款用结算卡交易的形式进行。
4.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述付款是以通过与计算机通信实现的信用卡交易的形式进行的。
5.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述销售点是实体(brickand mortar)零售商店。
6.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述销售点是自动售货机。
7.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述销售点是自动柜员机(ATM)。
8.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述最终用户帐户是预付款长途电话业务帐户。
9.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述最终用户的帐户是预付款无线电话业务帐户。
10.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述从所述销售点到所述中央付款处理器传输反映所述付款交易的数据包括通过与卡相关的网络从所述销售点向所述付款处理器传递所述数据。
11.按照权利要求10的方法，其特征在于：所述传输步骤包括通过查询处理器发送所述数据。
12.按照权利要求10的方法，其特征在于：所述从所述销售点向所述付款处理器传输数据包括传输指示所述付款金额的授权请求。
13.按照权利要求12的方法，其特征在于还包括在所述销售点设置数据终端，用来向所述付款处理器传输交易数据；所述数据终端包括用于通过电话线路传输数据的装置。
14.按照权利要求13的方法，其特征在于还包括在所述销售点上打印指示所述中间帐号和所述付款金额的收据。
15.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述中间帐户由显示相应的中间帐户识别符的实物代币代表。
16.按照权利要求15的方法，其特征在于：所述代币具有机器可读的特征，以便能够自动读出所述中间帐户识别符。
17.按照权利要求16的方法，其特征在于：所述代币包括具有磁条的卡，所述磁条存储至少指示所述中间帐户识别符的机器可读的数据。
18.按照权利要求17的方法，其特征在于：所述卡符合财务工业标准ANSI/ISO 7811。
19.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述中间帐户识别符包括预定范围内的BIN号码，以便识别作为中间帐户的所述帐户，从而支持通过所述财务网络发送的交易消息。
20.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：反映所述交易的数据从所述销售点到所述集中付款处理器的所述传输包括：
把指示所述付款金额的交易消息从销售点传输到销售点店主查询处理器；
把所述交易消息从所述查询处理器按规定路由发送到财务网络中；
为所述付款处理器设置网络访问点；以及
通过所述网络访问点把所述交易信息按规定路由发送到所述付款处理器。
21.按照权利要求20的方法，其特征在于：所述财务网络是与信用卡相关的网络。
22.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述建立中间帐户包括生产多张卡，每一张卡对应于所述处理器上各自的中间帐户。
23.按照权利要求22的方法，其特征在于包括根据预定的设计印刷所述卡，后者显示与所述用户相关的商标。
24.按照权利要求22的方法，其特征在于包括从所述用户接收规定卡数目的卡订货；在所述处理器上把其数目等于所定购的卡数目的若干新中间帐户初始化；并给每一个所述初始化了的帐户分配一个唯一的帐户识别符。
25.按照权利要求24的方法，其特征在于：所述生产所述卡的过程包括通过压印或电子存储、使每一张卡附上所述相应的中间帐户识别符的标记。
26.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于还包括收集其金额等于付款金额的货币、进行调整、用电子存款转帐方法从所述销售点店主银行帐户存入所述中间帐户。
27.按照权利要求26的方法，其特征在于：所述收集步骤是每日以批处理的方式进行的。
28.按照权利要求26的方法，其特征在于：所述收集步骤是通过ACH自动票据交换所系统进行的。
29.按照权利要求26的方法，其特征在于还包括通过把数额等于付款金额的货币转帐来结算付款交易，进行调整，通过电子存款转帐从所述中间帐户转入所述卖主银行帐户。
30.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于还包括在所述付款处理器和所述卖主的用户业务提供商之间设置用户照料界面。
31.按照权利要求30的方法，其特征在于：所述用户照料界面包括全球范围的web浏览器界面。
32.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：确认所述付款交易数据包括与所述卖主通信以便证实与所述最终用户相关的帐号是有效的。
33.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：在所述中央处理器中，保持中间付款帐户数据库和参与店主名单。
34.按照权利要求33的方法，其特征在于：所述中间付款帐户数据库不包括所述最终用户的个人身份，以保护所述最终用户的个人隐私。
35.一种用于为商品或服务进行电子付款的系统，它包括：
终端，它位于销售点，在这里从最终用户或以其名义接收货币补偿(monetary consideration)，为选定的商品或服务预付款；所述终端可以用来与财务网络交换电子消息；
财务网络，可以用来与所述销售点终端交换电子消息；
付款处理器，它包括数据库，用来存储参预的销售点店主名单，还包括把多个中间帐号与对应的最终用户帐号关联起来的数据库；以及
所述付款处理器用来通过所述财务网络与所述终端交换电子消息，并包括用于响应从所述销售点终端接收到付款消息而把所述付款交易登入相应中间帐户的装置，还包括接口装置，用来至少把充值交易传递给卖主、以便响应销售点终端付款交易的所述登入而记入相关的最终用户帐户的贷方。
36.按照权利要求35的系统，其特征在于：所述销售点终端包括自动柜员机(ATM)。
37.按照权利要求35的系统，其特征在于：所述销售点是自动售货机。
38.按照权利要求35的系统，其特征在于：所述财务网络包括卡相关网络。
39.按照权利要求35的系统，其特征在于还包括查询处理器，用来在所述财务网络和多个这样的终端之间交换消息。
40.用于实现电话业务付款的方法，它包括：
建立具有相应的帐户识别符的中间帐户；
把所述中间帐户与由远程通信运营商保持的最终用户的预付款帐户联系起来；
进行交易，包括在销售点上连同所述帐户识别符一起从所述最终用户接收付款，用来给所述最终用户的预付款帐户充值；
以电子方式把反映所述交易的数据从所述销售点传送到所述中央付款处理器；
在所述中央付款处理器中，确认交易数据，并向所述销售点发送回应；以及
在所述中央付款处理器中，若所述确认步骤的结果是批准所述交易，则响应所述预付款交易而向所述远程通信运营商发送消息，以便给所述最终用户相关预付款帐户充值。
41.按照权利要求40的方法，其特征在于：所述传送步骤包括在所述销售点和所述中央付款处理器之间直接通信。
42.按照权利要求40的方法，其特征在于：所述传送步骤包括在所述销售点和所述中央付款处理器之间通过商业集线器进行通信。
43.按照权利要求40的方法，其特征在于还包括收集数额等于付款金额的金钱，进行调整，用电子存款转帐方法从所述销售点店主银行帐户存入所述中间帐户。
44.按照权利要求43的方法，其特征在于：所述收集步骤是每日以批处理的方式进行的。
45.按照权利要求43的方法，其特征在于：所述收集步骤是通过ACH进行的。
46.按照权利要求43的方法，其特征在于：所述远程通信运营商是预付款平台操作者。
47.按照权利要求43的方法，其特征在于还包括通过把数额等于付款金额的货币转帐来结算该项交易，进行调整、通过电子存款转帐从所述中间帐户转入所述远程通信运营商的银行帐户。
48.用于实现为商品或服务付款的方法，它包括：
设置集中付款处理器；
在所述付款处理器上建立具有相应帐户识别符的中间帐户；
进行付款交易，后者包括在销售点连同所述帐户识别符一起从所述最终用户接收付款；
把反映所述付款交易的数据通过财务网络从所述销售点传送到所述集中付款处理器；
在所述付款处理器中，确认所述付款交易数据，并向所述销售点发送回应，若所述确认步骤的结果是批准所述交易，则所述回应包括批准的指示；以及
在所述付款处理器中，若所述确认步骤的结果是批准所述交易，则响应所述预付款交易，记入所述相应的中间帐户的贷方。
49.按照权利要求48的方法，其特征在于还包括向所述最终用户发行卡，后者包括所述最终用户中间帐户的识别符。
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US8086530B2 (en) 2011-12-27
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