CN1499837A - 用于直播卫星电视网络的观众数据收集系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于直播卫星电视网络的观众数据收集系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN1499837A
CN1499837A CNA2003101043612A CN200310104361A CN1499837A CN 1499837 A CN1499837 A CN 1499837A CN A2003101043612 A CNA2003101043612 A CN A2003101043612A CN 200310104361 A CN200310104361 A CN 200310104361A CN 1499837 A CN1499837 A CN 1499837A
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戴维·P·拉斯
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马克·G·威尔什
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拉奥·桑卡拉
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Abstract

提供一种用来收集观众数据的系统和方法。本发明的系统(10)是适于接收一个具有多频道节目内容和相关频道标识信息的信号。系统(10)适于从接收信号中解析节目内容和频道标识信息。系统(10)响应于用户输入和已解析的节目内容而输出选择频道的节目内容。系统(10)监视选择的频道并提供与之有关的观众数据。观众数据包括频道标识信息。

Description

用于直播卫星电视网络 的观众数据收集系统和方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2002年10月25日提交的序列号为60/421,264、题为“观众数据收集系统”的美国临时申请的利益。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信系统和方法。更具体地，本发明涉及用来实时测度电视广播的观众的系统和方法。
背景技术
电视观众监视为广播公司提供了关于观众对广播期间所播出的不同节目的品味、偏爱和人数统计的重要信息。这种信息使得广播公司能够选择节目来使观众数量和由预订和/或广告带来的收入达到最优。
一种用来监视观众的技术是由人工对观众的观赏习惯进行民意测验。这些技术包括利用由观众直接或通过电话请求而填写的调查问卷。不幸的是，人工方法依赖观众的记忆，并且要求用户的合作和反馈。因此，这种方法成本高，精确性差，速度慢，而且对观众造成负担。
一些系统因自动监视观众而在本技术领域中被熟知。然而，我们对这些通常为专用的系统的了解显示出系统是被设计为同模拟调谐器共同工作的。模拟调谐器要求每一个频道有一个单独的(物理)频率。数字调谐器例如在直播卫星网络中采用的数字调谐器被设计在单个频率上接收多个(虚拟)频道。因此，常规的用于监视观众的自动系统至今为止还不能与卫星直播机顶解码器一起发挥作用。
因此，在本技术领域存在对一种不昂贵且精确的、用于自动监视直播卫星电视节目观众的观赏习惯的系统和方法的需要。
发明内容
本发明的收集观众数据的系统和方法即针对本技术领域的上述需要。在一个最通常的实施例中，所发明的系统适合接收一个具有多频道节目内容以及相关的频道标识信息的信号。本系统适合于从接收到的信号中解析节目内容和频道标识信息。本系统根据用户的输入和解析出的节目内容输出选择频道的节目内容。本系统监视选择的频道并且提供与所选择频道有关的观众数据。依照本发明，观众数据包括频道标识信息。
在一个特定的实施例中，该系统包括一个直播卫星机顶盒，其中配置有一个调谐器和一个解调器。调谐器和解调器同一个处理器一起工作，此处理器经编程，用来解析接收信号并从中提取节目内容和频道标识信息。因为频道信息被嵌入接收到的信号中，所以频道信息是虚拟的。包含一张智能卡，用于存储观众数据。根据一个事件、一段持续时间或一个命令，数据被选择性地传送至一个集中数据处理中心，在那里它与人口统计数据结合以帮助进行分析。
附图说明
图1是一个方框图，示出了一个具有依照本发明的观众数据收集系统的直播卫星系统的示例性配置。
图2是一个方框图，示出了图1中的依照本发明的机顶盒的示例性配置。
图3是一个方框图，示出了适用于本发明的智能卡的示例性配置。
图4是一个流程图，阐释了依照本发明的智能卡40的操作。
图5是一个方框图，阐释了本发明的数据处理操作。
图6示出了依照本发明，观众数据怎样与人口统计数据建立关联。
具体实施方式
示例性实施例和示范性应用现将参照附图进行描述，来揭示本发明的有益教导。
虽然在此参照针对具体应用的示例性实施例对本发明进行描述，但是应该理解，本发明并不仅限于此。在本领域中那些具有一般技能并能理解在此所述发明原理的人员能在本发明的范围以及本发明可明显应用的附加领域内想出其它修改、应用以及实施例。
图1是一个框图，示出了一个具有依照本发明的观众数据收集系统的直播卫星系统的示例性配置。如图1所示，系统10包括一个节目数据库12。节目数据库提供节目内容，频道标识，日期，时间和关于提供直播卫星电视广播节目的其他信息，这些可被本领域中具有一般技能的人员所认可。数据库12可以被存储在一个服务器中，或其他适合的存储媒体上。数据库12给一对系统发送信息，这对系统共同包含一个节目数据编码器14。节目数据编码器14可以是一个专用安全系统，它利用一种专用算法对节目内容进行编码，用于安全传输和条件接入。一个智能卡命令发生器16格式化智能卡的授权和其他命令，这些命令将在下面更全面地讨论。智能卡命令发生器16提供授权广播节目和授权数据收集能力所需的命令。
节目数据和智能卡命令在多个广播中心18之一被多路复用为一个视频流，并且以一种本领域技术人员熟知的方式被上行链路传输到一个或多个直播卫星20。实际中，多个视频和音频频道可以被嵌入单个数据流用于卫星20上的一个相应的转发器。并且，该卫星可以有多个(例如34个)转发器。每个转发器适于分别接收一个比特流，一个比特流包括例如12个视频频道和20个音频频道以及智能卡命令的一份单独拷贝。然而，上行链路流共享智能卡命令。也就是说，每个比特流上的智能卡命令是相同的。这确保了每一个终端用户接收到相同的命令流，而不管用户是调谐到哪个转发器的。
因此那些本领域的技术人员将认可，在最佳模式下，每一个流是一个数字数据流，它包含“元数据”-节目指南和频道标识(ID)数据，以及条件接入数据。频道是“虚拟”的，因为多个频道被提供在一个单载波频率上。频道标识(ID)数据被嵌入在数据流中并在接收时被解析出来。那些本领域的技术人员将认可，这与常规观众监视系统明显不同，常规观众监视系统中，不同频道在不同载波频率上传输。因此，常规系统同解码器一起工作在不同的模拟“物理”频道上，与“虚拟”频道正相反。采用虚频道分配使得向其它载波频率进行虚频道的重定位不再昂贵，且不必改变相关联的报告系统。
在示例性的直播到户(DTH)直播卫星系统中，上行链路流通过卫星20被中继至一些基于家庭的卫星天线22，卫星天线22连接到机顶盒30。在最佳模式下，机顶盒30适合与智能卡40通过接口连接。在本领域中众所周知，智能卡使得机顶盒能以并不昂贵的花费进行升级。
图2是一个方框图，示出了图1中的依照本发明的机顶盒的示例性配置。机顶盒30包括一个数字调谐/解调器32，它接收、下变频及解调来自碟形卫星天线22的卫星信号。在示例性实施例中，根据DSS传输协议对卫星信号进行编码。调谐解调器32向数据处理器34输出一个数字基带信号。除别的因素以外，处理器34以常规方式将数字基带信号解析为它的节目内容和频道ID流。节目内容根据用户通过用户接口 36作出的频道选择被转发到一个常规视频/音频解压缩单元37。根据本发明，与用户的频道选择相关的频道ID通过一个智能卡硬件和软件读取器或接口35被转发至智能卡40。
图3是一个方框图，示出了适用于本发明的智能卡的示例性配置。如图3所示，智能卡40包括一个接口42，适合与机顶盒(见图2)的接口35进行通信。在实际中，智能卡可以依照ISO标准7810和7816部分1-3“带有接点的标识卡片-集成电路卡”来实现。接口42实现机顶盒30的处理器34与智能卡40上的处理器44之间的通信。智能卡处理器44从一个只读存储器(ROM)46和一个电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)48接收并执行程序指令，并在EEPROM(48)和一个随机存取存储器(RAM)49中存储数据。
图4是一个流程图，阐释了依照本发明的智能卡40的操作。在第一步，机顶盒的处理器34将智能卡命令从接收的基带数字流中解析出来，并发送到智能卡40。用户授权和属性存储在EEPROM 48中。在第二步，节目属性由机顶盒30的处理器34解析并发送到智能卡。除了频道ID信息，节目属性还可以包括观看一个特定频道的授权，家长等级以及按次付费收看信息。在第三步，智能卡的处理器44将节目属性与用户授权相比较。如果两者匹配，则在第四步，智能卡处理器44产生一个解扰密钥，并通过接口软件102将该密钥转发给机顶盒处理器34。然后，处理器34利用该密钥将选中的节目解扰。如果属性不匹配，则智能卡通过机顶盒向观看者发送一个消息，指出这个频道不能收看。
依照本发明，在第五步，观众和按次付费收看回叫数据从智能卡40的处理器44传送至数据处理系统17(如图1所示)，传送是按时间表依次通过智能卡接口35和接口软件102，机顶盒的处理器34和常规拨号调制解调器39，标准电话线路31，自动回叫系统50和智能卡命令发生器16(图1)来完成的。回叫系统在一个相对接近机顶盒30的位置接收电话呼叫，并将来自电话呼叫的数据转发至智能卡命令发生器16。那些本领域的技术人员将认可，智能卡可以被编程为当发生事件、一段时间终止或不需要命令的其它触发作用时，自动发送观众数据。智能卡的定时信息由智能卡命令发生器和/或节目数据编码器编码插入上行链路流。
图5是一个方框图，阐释了本发明的数据处理操作。如图5所示，数据处理系统17从节目数据库12接收节目数据，从智能卡命令发生器16接收智能卡观众数据，并从一个客户服务设备21接收家庭人口统计数据。这个处理系统将这些数据以报告的形式合并，并且通过一个用户接口19提供报告。
图6示出了依照本发明，观众数据怎样与人口统计数据建立关联。如图6所示，智能卡观众数据与人口统计数据通过智能卡ID号相关联。智能卡观众数据与节目数据通过频道编号、开始时间和节目持续时间相关联。
这样，本发明在此已被参照一个特定应用的特定实施例详细地描述。在本领域中那些具有一般技能并能理解本发明原理的人员应能想出属于本发明范围的其它修改、应用和实施例。
因此意图通过所附权利要求来包括任何及全部属于本发明范围内的应用、修改和实施例。

Claims (6)

1.一种数据收集系统，其特征在于包括：
一个调谐/解调器(32)，用于接收具有多频道的节目内容和相关联的频道标识信息的信号；
一个处理器(34)，用来从所述信号中解析所述节目内容和频道标识信息；
一个用户接口(36)，根据用户输入和所述解析装置来选择所述节目内容的频道用于输出；以及
一个存储器(40)，用于监视所选择的频道和提供与所选择的频道有关的观众数据，所述观众数据包括频道标识信息。
2.权利要求1的数据收集系统，其中所述信号包括虚拟频道信息。
3.权利要求2的数据收集系统，其中所述处理器(34)包括适合由所述处理器执行以从所述接收信号中解析所述虚拟频道信息的软件。
4.权利要求3的数据收集系统，其中所述存储器(40)包括一个智能卡。
5.权利要求1的数据收集系统，还包括用于选择性发送所述观众信息的调制解调器(39)。
6.权利要求1的数据收集系统，还包括一个数据处理器(17)，用于处理所述观众信息以提供与所述观众信息有关的人口统计数据。
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