CN1522130A - 用于收集体液的袋 - Google Patents

用于收集体液的袋 Download PDF

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CN1522130A
CN1522130A CNA028130790A CN02813079A CN1522130A CN 1522130 A CN1522130 A CN 1522130A CN A028130790 A CNA028130790 A CN A028130790A CN 02813079 A CN02813079 A CN 02813079A CN 1522130 A CN1522130 A CN 1522130A
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bag
supporting arrangement
collecting bag
catheter
mouth
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����ڸ�
阿兰·腾格赫伊
�B����ɭ
拉尔斯·B·延森
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Coloplast AS
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Coloplast AS
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Priority claimed from DK200101041A external-priority patent/DK200101041A/da
Priority claimed from US09/893,514 external-priority patent/US20030004496A1/en
Priority claimed from US10/026,819 external-priority patent/US7311698B2/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/44—Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/44—Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices
    • A61F5/4404—Details or parts
    • A61F5/4405—Valves or valve arrangements specially adapted therefor ; Fluid inlets or outlets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0009—Making of catheters or other medical or surgical tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0009—Making of catheters or other medical or surgical tubes
    • A61M25/0015—Making lateral openings in a catheter tube, e.g. holes, slits, ports, piercings of guidewire ports; Methods for processing the holes, e.g. smoothing the edges
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0017—Catheters; Hollow probes specially adapted for long-term hygiene care, e.g. urethral or indwelling catheters to prevent infections
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
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    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/0105—Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/22—Valves or arrangement of valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
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    • A61M25/0043—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/22—Valves or arrangement of valves
    • A61M39/221—Frangible or pierceable closures within tubing
    • A61M2039/222—Frangible or pierceable closures within tubing frangible within tubing or bags
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0068—Static characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. shape, atraumatic tip, curved tip or tip structure
    • A61M25/007—Side holes, e.g. their profiles or arrangements; Provisions to keep side holes unblocked
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1676—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles using a soft material and a rigid material, e.g. making articles with a sealing part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29L2031/753—Medical equipment; Accessories therefor
    • B29L2031/7542—Catheters

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于收集体液例如尿的袋。该袋用于与导尿管相连，并提供有支承装置，从而能够在不挤压该袋的情况下处理充满液体的袋，从而没有污染环境的危险。该袋提供有排出嘴，该排出嘴使得该充满液体的袋可以在没有溅出的情况下排空。

Description

用于收集体液的袋
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于收集体液的袋，例如用于收集血液或尿。尤其是，本发明涉及一种袋，该袋能够使流体卫生、无污染地从引流管排入该袋，并能够随后无污染地倒空该袋。
背景技术
通常，已经存在用于收集体液例如血液或尿的、不可排空的袋。由于感染的危险，该袋必须非常仔细地进行处理，这并不只是在交叉污染导致感染的危险非常高的医院或疗养院中。尽管抗生素可以治疗大部分感染，但是感染可能使病人疼痛，它延长了住院治疗时间，并相对于初始疾病增加了不必要的危险。
因为医院收集体液的一种袋并没有提供用于无污染地打开该袋和用于控制流体从该袋中排出的合适装置，因此，流体例如尿或血液可能很容易溅出，从而导致污染和潜在的感染。
欧洲专利No.0923398公开了一种导尿管组件，该导尿管组件包括尿收集袋和导尿管。该袋提供有细长囊袋，用于在将该导尿管插入尿道之前用减摩擦物质处理该导尿管。在处理之后，将导尿管从细长囊袋的尖端抽出，并使尿排入该袋中。在导尿管插入后，可以通过撕开尿袋开口而倒空该袋。不过，可能很容易发生溅出和污染。
欧洲专利申请No.97901879公开了一种包括尿收集袋的导尿管润湿装置。所述袋有在顶部的一个开口。该开口用于使用户能够添加膨胀介质，以便制备装于排液袋中的亲水性导尿管。在它的另一端，该袋有用于导尿管的细长储存囊袋，该囊袋与收集袋流体连通。在使用过程中，膨胀液体例如水装入袋内，在形成导尿管的亲水性低摩擦表面时，撕开该细长囊袋的最前侧部分，并操作导尿管穿过该开口，并可以进行导尿管插入。随着该操作易于发生的膨胀液体溅出将引起污染衣服和环境的不希望危险。而且，还有排入袋中的尿通过该袋的顶部开口逸出的严重危险。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过提供一种用于收集体液的收集袋来克服已知袋的上述缺点，所述袋由至少一个片材坯料制成，并包括：
底部和向上延伸的侧壁，该侧壁优选是从该底部基本垂直地向上延伸；
排出嘴；以及
支承装置，该支承装置布置为基本在排出嘴的高度处或高于该高度。
袋可以由硅酮片材或由热塑性弹性体材料、其它热塑性材料、可固化弹性体材料、聚酰胺树脂或弹性体、或者它们的任意组合(该组可以包括象PA、PP、PVC、PU、PE、乳胶和KratonTM这样的材料)的片材制成。优选是，该袋由两个片材制成，每片的厚度在15-300μm的范围内，例如在50-200μm的范围内，例如尺寸为100μm。在优选实施例中，该袋由75μm PE例如Saranex650制成。该袋可以由定向箔制成。
为了使用户能够在不污染环境的情况下从袋中排出流体，本发明的袋提供有排出嘴。该嘴可以形成为长度在10-100mm范围内的管，例如在20-80mm范围内，例如在30-70mm范围内，例如尺寸为40mm，同时水力半径为至少6mm。优选是，该嘴形成为在不平行相对壁之间的槽道。在相对壁之间的该槽道可以由例如局部弯曲或局部平直的轮廓线形成。优选是，在壁之间的角度在15和90度之间。槽道可以由在所述壁之间的材料形成的嘴的半径确定，即由圆形的半径确定，或者当嘴的截面偏离圆形时则由水力半径确定。优选是，槽道的半径从袋的内腔侧(r1)朝着嘴的开口(r2)减小，这消除了嘴的弯曲或偏转。通过观察该减小半径，在排出过程中，嘴在任意给定时间都将保持指向初始预定方向。嘴的长度定义为在r1和r2之间的距离，且槽道朝着嘴的开口变窄。嘴的几何形状可用于优化排出操作。r1的典型尺寸可以从9-30mm，优选是10-25mm，更优选是12-19mm。r2的典型尺寸可以从5-15mm，优选是6-12mm，更优选是7-9mm。定义为在两个半径r1和r2之间的距离的、嘴的长度l通常在15-90mm之间变化，优选是在30-70mm之间，更优选是40-60mm。在一个优选实施例中，r1是12mm，r2是6mm，l是33mm。在另一优选实施例中，r1是19mm，r2是6mm，l是52mm。
当将流体从袋中倒出时，如上述形成的管将提供很好确定的流向和流速，以避免流体失控地流出嘴的开口，例如沿袋的外表面流动。
不过，嘴可以简单地由在袋中的、能很好确定并平整的开口来确定。而且，优选是通过提供没有任何凹槽或切口的“表面光滑”嘴边缘，从而提供无滴落边缘的嘴。为了使用户能够在倒空过程中(特别是在嘴的打开过程中)支承该袋，优选是该嘴和支承装置布置在基本相同的高度，或者至少是在50mm的垂直距离内。
在提起装满液体的袋时(例如为了倒空)，特别是当该袋由相对较软的片状材料形成时，它很容易受到挤压。由此产生的压力可能使流体通过袋的开口而喷出该开口。为了允许袋开口，同时不会偶然对袋进行太重挤压，该袋提供有支承装置。该支承装置应当使用户能够在不会挤压该袋的情况下用手支承或携带该袋。
由于重力作用在流体上，支承装置优选是可以基本布置成与排出嘴的高度相同或高于该排出嘴。因此，当提起袋时流体将远离该嘴，从而可以在没有流体溅出的危险的情况下很容易打开该嘴。
为了使袋不仅能便宜生产，而且能够一直到使用时都只占用非常小的储存空间，该袋可以由2层片状材料形成，例如，一个片状材料坯料折叠，并通过边缘接头连接，它密封了由于储存流体的储存内腔。该片材可以胶接、焊接、粘接剂连接或以其它方式连接成流体或液体密封啮合。
支承装置优选是可以由两层片状材料中的至少一层的、超过边缘接头延伸(即在袋的储存内腔的外部)的端部区域形成，因此，该支承装置由袋的不充装液体的部分构成，即由与储存内腔隔离的袋部分构成。因为支承装置并不充装液体，因此用户能够更安全地握住，并可以挤压该支承装置，同时不会将流体从袋中压出。支承装置也可以布置成条形，它作为手柄安装在袋的顶部。也可选择，手柄可以通过在袋的内腔的顶部切成一个切口而形成，该内腔与袋的、装流体的内腔隔离。
为了使用户能够更好地握住端部区域，支承装置优选是包括把手，该把手形成为握住区域，例如包括在片状材料中的支承通孔，或者包括至少削弱线，该削弱线确定了用户的压出区域，以便形成支承孔。优选是，该通孔的尺寸为使得用户即使在戴有防护手套的情况下也能够通过用手指穿过该孔抓住而紧握该袋。因此，优选是该孔为基本圆形孔，直径的范围为在至少10mm，或者该孔可以为任意形状，同时开口面积为至少75mm2，或者该孔甚至为狭槽，例如长度范围为2-4cm。
为了保证该袋无菌，优选是嘴可以密封。当要倒空装满液体的袋时，该嘴可以通过剪刀打开。因此，剪刀很容易被污染。特别是在医院或在疗养院中，不幸的是该剪刀可能随后用于切断用于伤口的绷带或绑带，因此，污染将意外扩展。本发明的收集袋提供了具有密封嘴的袋。该嘴可以在不使用任何工具的情况下打开，例如通过撕开该嘴的顶部。该嘴的顶部可以撕开，以便留下足够平整的边缘，因此，通过选择合适的袋材料和片材厚度(例如100mm厚的PVC片材)，能够平静和可控制地使流体从袋中流出。
嘴也可以通过可拆卸的封闭件来封闭。根据一个简单实施例，嘴的顶部可以通过削弱线撕开。优选是，该削弱线布置在两个片材的边缘接头处。为了使用户能够更容易抓住袋的封闭部分和撕开该部分，要撕开的部分可以包括撕开条。要撕开的部分可以有内腔，该内腔与袋的内腔流体连通。也可选择，因为来自袋内的液体可能污染封闭部分的内部，并随后甚至污染撕开封闭部分的人的手，因此，要撕开部分布置在袋的内腔的边缘处。
为了使用户能够在通过支承装置支承该袋时撕开该袋，优选是，边缘接头的削弱区域可以从支承装置附近的点沿离开该支承装置的方向延伸。当撕开该封闭部分时，从支承孔沿水平方向撕开将影响和压迫支承装置，或者至少可能影响和压迫该通孔。因此，预定撕开线(例如边缘接头的削弱区域)优选是基本水平离开支承装置延伸，更优选是在水平和垂直向下之间以一定角度从支承装置附近的点伸出。
排出嘴可以相对于袋沿任何方向延伸。不过，嘴的导管的最合适方向是沿离开支承装置向上和向外的方向。优选是，排出嘴确定了开口，该开口的中心轴线基本垂直于支承孔的中心轴线。例如，构成袋的两个片材通过塑料管形件、固体材料的细线、或通过用于使两个片材保持分开的类似装置而保持打开。根据一个实施例，片材可以通过使用在撕开袋的封闭部分时返回非线性形状的片材而保持在开口中分开。这样的片材可以通过在材料中引入应力而形成，该应力在除去封闭部分时释放。
因为可能在倒空袋后偶尔出现没有可用于处理该袋的场所的情况，因此优选是该封闭件可以重新连接，以便不会由于液体从几乎倒空的袋中滴下而污染环境。
在倒空过程中，袋通过支承装置来保持。撕开袋的封闭部分以便打开嘴。这时，使该袋旋转，直到流体开始排出该嘴的位置。为了便于袋的旋转，操作装置可以由两层片状材料中的至少一层的、超过边缘接头延伸的端部区域构成，即由袋的储存内腔的外部区域形成，因此，该操作装置可以由袋的、不充装液体的部分构成。因为操作装置并不装入液体，因此用户能够更安全地抓住该操作装置，并可以挤压该操作装置，同时不会将流体从袋中压出。操作装置还可以布置成条形，该条安装在位于支承装置下面的袋部分上。操作装置应当布置成使尺寸为能够牢固抓住，例如成并不充满液体的袋部分的形式，即与储存内腔隔离，且离开边缘接头延伸2-10cm的范围，因此离开储存内腔大约2-10cm。优选是，操作装置沿与嘴的导管方向相反的袋方向延伸。在操作装置中的通孔(例如在片状材料中的狭槽或孔)或使用户能够在操作装置中压出孔的削弱线还能够使得更牢固的握住该操作装置，从而在倒空步骤中支承袋的旋转。优选是，该通孔的尺寸使得用户即使在戴有防护手套时也能够通过用手指抓住通孔而牢固抓住该袋。因此，该孔优选是为基本圆形，且直径为至少10mm，或者该孔可以为任意形状，且开口面积为至少75mm2，或者该孔甚至可以为狭槽，例如长度范围为2-4cm。
为了使引流管例如导尿管或排尿套(uresheath)与袋相连，以便使人体的流体排入袋中，该袋还可以提供有进口。该进口可以是较短管形医用软管，或者它可以为穿刺孔，该穿刺孔为袋的一部分的形式，它由弹性或软弹性材料制成，优选是由薄聚合物制成。当用针头或导尿管刺破该穿刺孔时，材料的弹性保证在针头或导尿管的外表面和袋之间紧密密封。
进口可以布置在排出嘴的导管的延伸部分中。当流体通过进口排入袋中时，该进口可以从嘴上除去，即断开或撕开，且该嘴可以用于倒空该袋。该进口也可以是单独布置的进口，例如密封在构成袋的箔片之间的管形件。根据本发明的优选实施例，袋的进口提供有单向阀或止回阀，从而防止排入袋中的流体通过进口溢出该袋。
根据本发明的优选实施例，进口是连接器软管，用于从袋内无污染地抽出要插入体腔中的引流管。例如，导尿管可以用作引流管。软管部件可以在一端提供有阀，该阀有开口位置和关闭位置，在该开口位置，软管与袋流体连通，而在该关闭位置，软管与袋流体密封。该软管部件可以在相对端提供有出口，用于将引流管从连接器软管中拆除。该连接器优选是可以通过可拆卸的封闭件来密封。该封闭件可以简单地是可剥离箔，或者它可以是标准封闭件，例如能够重新连接的封闭件。
在袋的操作过程中，用户可能希望能放下该袋。当袋翻转时，即使在进口或嘴由袋的封闭件或封闭部分密封的情况下，也有流体通过进口或通过嘴溢出而产生污染的危险。因此，该袋可以有这样的形状，即在充满液体时，该袋的形状为使得该充满液体的袋的重心在最低位置。该形状将使充满液体的袋稳定地支承在竖直位置。
根据另一方面，本发明涉及一种引流组件，包括引流管例如导尿管以及如上述的收集袋。为了提供在从包装件中取出时使用低摩擦表面的引流管，该组件可以提供有一定量的减摩擦物质，该减摩擦物质装于连接器软管中，例如：用于有亲水性涂层的引流管的水或类似水膨胀介质，或者润滑凝胶。为了能够将引流管无污染地插入体腔中，例如插入静脉或尿道中，连接器软管包括施加器，该施加器可以挤压或弯曲成与导尿管啮合。该施加器使用户能够在不用手直接与引流管接触的情况下操作该引流管。连接器软管的施加器部分可拆卸地与连接器软管的其它部分或者袋连接。在插入之前，用户可以断开施加器部分，并使用该部分来操作引流管进入要排液的体腔内。
发明的详细说明
下面将参考附图详细介绍本发明的优选实施例，附图中：
图1-6表示了本发明的收集袋的6个不同实施例；
图7表示了根据优选实施例的袋，其中，充满液体的袋的形状使得该袋能够在竖直定向时平衡；以及
图8表示了图7的袋的打开状态。
图1表示了由沿装配线3密封的两片塑料箔2制成的收集袋1。该袋包括布置在该袋上部的进口4以及沿向上向外方向延伸的排出嘴5。该排出嘴通过袋的可拆卸封闭部分6来密封。该封闭件可以重新连接，但是根据本发明的简单实施例，封闭部分6通过沿虚线7的可撕开连接连接部分来密封该袋。如图1所示，该撕开部分6优选是朝着袋的内腔封闭，从而防止流体从袋中流出和例如该撕开部分。
袋提供有通孔8，该通孔8通过装配线9增强。该通孔布置在与袋的内腔11隔离的支承凸缘10中，这样，将防止装于袋的内腔中的流体流入支承凸缘。从而使该凸缘能够提供良好支承，用于提起或保持装满液体的袋。
成处理凸缘12的形式的操作装置同样提供有通孔13，从而使用户能够这样倒空该袋，即通过在一个或两个支承孔8中支承该袋以及通过抓住处理通孔13而使该袋旋转。处理凸缘有5-10cm2或者甚至更大的表面面积，并离开边缘接头处延伸2-10cm或更长，因此离开袋的储存内腔延伸2-10cm。因此，用户能够牢固抓住操作装置，同时不会偶然挤压该袋而将流体压出该袋。
袋提供有撕开折片14，用于撕开排出嘴开口。该撕开折片可以通过撕开线15与支承凸缘松弛连接。不过，优选是在制造过程中，该撕开线与支承装置完全或部分分开，这样，该折片只通过装配线16与袋的封闭部分6连接。
袋例如可以通过将两片PVC沿装配线3、9和16焊接或胶接而产生。如前所述，袋的封闭部分6优选是与袋的内腔隔离，这样，将防止装于袋内的流体流入封闭部分中。也可选择，封闭部件的内腔可以与袋的内腔流体连通。
图2表示了与图1的袋类似的袋，其中，排出嘴布置成与进口相对。通过该结构，袋必须在倒空之前翻转。倒空步骤如下：用户密封进口4，并翻转该袋，这样，排出嘴处于向上方向，即在底部上面，这时该底部由进口延伸的边缘确定。该袋在支承装置10中保持，例如通过通孔8，同时通过利用削弱线7撕开可拆卸封闭件6，从而打开排出嘴5。该袋通过抓住操作装置12而倾斜，例如通过通孔13，在袋的该方位，该通孔13的位置低于支承装置，且液体通过排出嘴5向外排空。
图3表示了与图1的袋类似的袋，它还包括进口管31。该管与进口密封。优选是，该管提供有连接装置(未示出)，用于与引流管、导尿管等连接。该袋还包括：指示标记32，该指示标记32指示排入该袋内的流体容积；以及书写区域33，该书写区域33允许用户用普通笔在该袋上进行书写。当该袋构成导尿管组件的一部分，且用于导尿管的减摩擦物质装于其中时，指示标记32可以因此进行调节，从而使该指示标记32指示排入袋中的液体例如尿的真正容积。袋的撕开部分通过削弱线34而撕开。
在图3的实施例中，袋的撕开部分并不与袋的内腔密封，因此流体可以从该袋流进撕开部分中，有时这可能增加污染的危险。不过，为了使该袋的制造简单，优选是可以采用本实施例。
图4表示了与图3中所示的袋类似的袋，但是其中，排出嘴布置成与进口相对。
图5表示了图3的袋，它还包括止回阀51，该止回阀51防止液体从袋的内腔回流到进口中。袋的撕开部分52可以借助于撕开条53而撕开。在图5的实施例中，没有提供削弱线。嘴的顶部可以撕开，以便留下足够平整的边缘，因此，通过选择合适的袋材料和片材厚度(例如100mm厚的PVC片)可以平静和可控制地使流体流出该袋。
图6表示了图4的袋，其中，排出嘴布置成与进口相对。
图7表示了优选实施例的袋，该袋的特征形状(该袋的底部71比顶部72更宽)使得该袋在通过支承装置73提起时以及放置于基本水平的表面74上时都更加平衡。由于充满流体的袋的形状，重心将确定在相对较低位置，这提高了该袋在放置于基本水平的表面74上时沿竖直方向的平衡能力。袋提供有软管部件75，该软管部件75密封在构成该袋的两片材料之间，并在进口的上部76处。软管部件在其顶部77处提供有封闭部分78。在进口的上部和封闭部分之间，软管部件可以提供有施加器，用于将引流管例如导尿管无污染地插入体腔例如尿道内。
软管部件的波纹形部分79使得用户能够压缩软管部件的纵向长度，从而可以将引流管推出软管部件。通过挤压或弯曲软管部件的施加器部分，用户可以将引流管或导尿管固定在软管部件的施加器部分内部，从而可以使引流管或导尿管在不与手接触的情况下直接从软管部件中插入。软管部件的施加器部分可以与软管部件断开，从而更容易处理引流管或导尿管。图7中所示的软管部件提供有撕开削弱区域80，从而使软管部件的施加器部分很容易与袋断开。操作装置81使得很容易通过嘴82倒空液体。嘴可以确定为槽道，该槽道有在袋和嘴之间的连接处的水力半径(r1)和在袋的出口处的水力半径(r2)。嘴的长度是在两个水力半径之间的距离(1)。嘴由封闭部分83封闭。通过抓住撕开条84和通过沿基本水平方向从支承装置上拉开，或者也可选择通过沿向下方向从支承装置上拉开，封闭部分可以在不使用任何工具的情况下很容易地撕开。该撕开条可以通过撕开线85安装在袋的上部(支承部分)。不过，包括撕开条的、袋的整个封闭部分也可以只通过撕开线86安装在该袋上。
如图8所示，在打开袋之后，封闭部分83可以保持与该袋相连，例如通过使撕开线85在袋的边缘之前(但在附近)终止。优选是，撕开线在靠近边缘处平行于该边缘87向下延伸。因此，用户可以沿向下离开嘴的方向撕开该封闭部分，因此，封闭部分能够在不干扰液体物质从袋中排出的情况下保持与袋连接。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于收集体液的收集袋，所述袋由至少一个片状材料制成，并包括：
底部和从该底部向上延伸的侧壁；
排出嘴；以及
支承装置，该支承装置布置为基本在排出嘴的高度处或高于该排出嘴。
2.根据权利要求1所述的收集袋，其中：支承装置由延伸而超过边缘接头的两层片状材料中的至少一层的端部区域形成。
3.根据前述任意一个权利要求所述的收集袋，其中：支承装置包括把手，该把手形成为在片状材料中的支承通孔。
4.根据前述任意一个权利要求所述的收集袋，其中：该嘴是密封的。
5.根据权利要求4所述的收集袋，其中：封闭件与袋连接而使得该封闭件能够撕开。
6.根据权利要求5所述的收集袋，其中：要撕开的部分包括撕开条。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的收集袋，其中：一削弱区域从支承装置附近的点沿离开该支承装置的方向延伸。
8.根据权利要求3-7中任意一个所述的收集袋，其中：排出嘴确定了排出导管，该排出导管沿基本垂直于支承孔的中心轴线的向上和向外的方向延伸。
9.根据前述任意一个权利要求所述的收集袋，还包括：操作装置，该操作装置布置在支承装置的高度处，或者低于该支承装置。
10.根据权利要求9所述的收集袋，其中：该操作装置由延伸而超过边缘接头的两层片状材料中的至少一层的端部区域形成。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的收集袋，其中：该操作装置包括把手，该把手形成为在片状材料中的通孔。
12.根据前述任意一个权利要求所述的收集袋，还包括：进口。
13.一种引流组件，包括引流管以及如权利要求1-12中任意一个所述的收集袋。
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