CN1536475A - 型样存储器共享色彩对照表的方法及装置 - Google Patents
型样存储器共享色彩对照表的方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
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- H04N7/0117—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal
- H04N7/012—Conversion between an interlaced and a progressive signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
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- G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed
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- H04N7/0135—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving interpolation processes
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- G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
- G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/14—Picture signal circuitry for video frequency region
- H04N5/144—Movement detection
- H04N5/145—Movement estimation
Abstract
本发明涉及一种图形芯片的视讯存储器共享方法与装置,即型样存储器共享色彩对照表的方法及装置,此方法包括以下步骤:若一图框缓冲器的目的区块进行色彩扩展时,储存一色彩对照表至此视讯存储器的一型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,以供色彩扩展;以及若一图形引擎存取一型样存储器时,储存型样区块至此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,以供此图形引擎存取,通过所述共享机制,可缩减图形芯片实体布局尺寸与减省成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及视讯存储器的使用,特别是一种建置于一影像芯片的视讯存储器的共享方法及装置,即型样存储器共享色彩对照表的方法及装置。
背景技术
一般而言,图形引擎(graphic engine)由来源(source)/目的(destination)/型样(pattem)区块内取出图像区块与另外的来源/目的/型样区块作各种逻辑运算后,再写回图框缓冲器(frame buffer)中以供屏幕显示。其中,来源区块可经由CPU、主存储器及码框缓冲器本身等所取得,而型样区块亦可经由CPU、型样存储器及型样缓存器(patternregister)等所取得,进而执行光栅作业后再将结果写到目的区块。然而在可以取得型样区块的来源中,其中又以型样存储器在图形芯片所占的区域为最大,以一个16×16像素(pixel)真实色彩(true color)的影像区块为例,在图形芯片内至少就须配置一个16×16×3=768字节大小的存储器(真实色彩中,每个像素占3字节,分别代表R、G、B三原色)以当型样存储器使用。图1A为现有技术的图形引擎处理型样区块的流程图,步骤110建置型样区块于一型样存储器;步骤130若图形引擎需进行型样区块处理时,至型样存储器存取型样区块步骤,然后于步骤150将已处理的型样区块储存至一图框缓冲器。
另一方面,图1B为现有技术的色彩扩展流程图,步骤120建置一色彩对照表于一视讯存储器;步骤140若图框缓冲器的目的区块需要进行色彩扩展时,以此色彩对照表进行色彩扩展,然后于步骤160将已进行色彩扩展的目的区块与其它图形与视讯来源进行叠合与输出。换言之,储存在图形芯片的视讯存储器的色彩对照表用以当显示色彩是256色阶(含)以下的颜色(即间接色彩)时,将图框缓冲器中所储存的颜色指针值(color index),即所谓的像素值,通过查表的方式将其还原成真实色彩RGB 24位的像素值;当显示色彩是256色阶以上的颜色时,R、G、B的色彩信息并不须经由此对照表而查表还原,因为此时R、G、B所含的信息已是原始色彩的信息,称之为直接色彩(directcolor)。因此,色彩对照表在显示色彩是256色阶以上的颜色时便失去其功用,但却依然占据着视讯存储器空间。
图2为现有技术的图形芯片方块图,其中图形芯片至少包括图形引擎220、视讯存储器230,以及图形与视讯叠合单元240等,并且此视讯存储器230至少包括一型样存储器231及一色彩对照表232。另外,一图框缓冲器可用以暂存数字化影像,因此图形芯片尚可包括一图框缓冲器250。一微处理器210指示图形引擎220将图像区块从建置于视讯存储器230的型样存储器23 1以及图框缓冲器250......等取出进行光栅作业等型样区块处理后再写回图框缓冲器250,然后直接送至图形与视讯叠合单元240。若此时的显示色彩在256色(含)以下时,则尚须经过色彩对照表232作色彩扩展的动作,再送至图形与视讯叠合单元240。另外,若输入的色彩格式与覆盖色彩格式不相同时,则还须进行色彩空间的转换(color space conversion,CSC),例如:输入格式为Y、Cb、Cr而输出格式为R、G、B,以及输出格式为Y、Cb、Cr时,就须加上一色彩空间转换的处理,以求色彩规格的一致(因非本发明的诉求重点,故不再详述)。
有鉴于型样存储器与色彩对照表的使用时机互斥而有先后次序,并且因建置于视讯存储器使得型样区块与色彩扩展的存取路径有所重叠,因此如何减少型样存储器在影像芯片中的布局,以及如何善用图形芯片内的视讯存储器,是此技术领域必然会遭遇的挑战。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足与缺陷,提供一种图形芯片的视讯存储器共享方法,其步骤包括:若一图框缓冲器的目的区块进行色彩扩展时,储存一色彩对照表至此视讯存储器的一型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,以供色彩扩展;以及若一图形引擎存取一型样存储器时,储存型样区块至此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,以供此图形引擎存取。
本发明另提供一种图形芯片设计的方法,包括:于该图形芯片的一视讯存储器建置一型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,其中该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器于一图框缓冲器的一目的区块进行色彩扩展时作为一色彩对照表,以及于一图形引擎存取一型样区块时作为一型样存储器。
本发明再提供一种共享视讯存储器的图形芯片,至少包括:一视讯存储器,存放一型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,并且依据一存取装置而调整此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器内容;以及一图形引擎,用以读取与处理型样区块,并且输出处理结果至此图框缓冲器。此影像芯片尚可包括一图形与视讯叠合单元,用以接收图框缓冲器的目的区块,以叠合与输出一图形与影像来源至一显示装置,以及一图框缓冲器,用以储存目的区块,以供输出至一图形与视讯叠合单元进行图形与影像叠合输出。
通过本发明的一种图形芯片的视讯存储器共享方法与图形芯片设计的方法,以及一种共享视讯存储器的图形芯片,可缩减一图形芯片实体布局尺寸,进而减省成本。
附图说明
图1A为现有技术的图形引擎处理型样区块的流程图;
图1B为现有技术的的色彩扩展流程图;
图2为现有技术的图形芯片方块图;
图3为根据本发明一较佳实施例的图形芯片的视讯存储器共享方法;
图4为依据本发明的图形芯片方块图。
图中符号说明
210、410 微处理器
220、420 图形引擎
230、430 视讯存储器
231 型样存储器
232 色彩对照表
240、440 图形与视讯叠合单元
250、450 图框缓冲器
260、460 外部存储器
261、461 型样存储器备份
262、462 色彩对照表备份
具体实施方式
本发明的一些实施例会详细描述如下。然而,除了详细描述外,本发明还可以广泛地在其它的实施例施行,且本发明的范围不受限定,其以权利要求书为准。
并且,为提供更清楚的描述及更容易理解本发明,图标内各部分并没有依照其相对尺寸绘图,某些尺寸与其它相关尺度的比例已经被夸张;不相关的细节部分也未完全绘出,以求图标的简洁。
图3为根据本发明一较佳实施例的图形芯片的视讯存储器共享方法,步骤310判断视讯存储器存取装置与内容,若存取装置为图形引擎,并且此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器内容为型样区块,于步骤350存取此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器;若此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器内容为色彩对照表,于步骤330写入型样区块的备份至此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,再于步骤350存取此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器。另一方面,若步骤320为图框缓冲器的目的区块将进行色彩扩展,并且此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器内容为色彩对照表,于步骤350存取此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器;若此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器内容为型样区块,于步骤340写入色彩对照表的备份至型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,再于步骤350存取此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器。
图4为依据本发明的图形芯片方块图,其中此影像芯片至少包括图形引擎420、视讯存储器430,以及图形与视讯叠合单元440。其中,此视讯存储器430包括一型样与色彩对照表共享存储器431,并且此图形芯片可包括一图框缓冲器450。一微处理器410指示图形引擎420将图像区块从建置于视讯存储器430的型样与色彩对照表共享存储器431以及图框缓冲器450......等取出进行光栅作业等型样区块处理后再写回图框缓冲器450,然后直接送至图形与视讯叠合单元440。另一方面,若目的区块显示色彩在256色(含)以下时,则尚须通过存取存放于型样与色彩对照表共享存储器431的色彩对照表作色彩扩展的动作,再送至图形与视讯叠合单元440。其中包括至外部存储器460读取色彩对照表备份462,并写入视讯存储器430以供色彩扩展之用。换言之,由于共享此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器431(例如一SRAM),因此可提供一外部存储器460(例如一SDRAM),以储存此型样区块的备份461,以及此色彩对照表的备份462,以适应不同存取需求:若此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器431的内容为型样区块,而此图框缓冲器450的目的区块将进行色彩扩展时,可写入此色彩对照表的备份462至此型样与色彩对照表共享存储431供色彩扩展之用;另一方面,若型样与色彩对照表共享存储器431的内容为此色彩对照表,而图形引擎420将存取型样存储器,可写入型样区块的备份461至此型样与色彩对照表共享存储器431供此图形引擎420存取。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非用以限定本发明的保护范围;凡其它为脱离本发明所揭示的精神下所完成的等效改变或修饰,均应包含在权利要求书的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种图形芯片的视讯存储器共享方法,其特征在于,包括:
若一图框缓冲器的一目的区块进行色彩扩展时,储存一色彩对照表至该视讯存储器的一型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,以供色彩扩展;以及
若一图形引擎存取一型样存储器时,储存数个型样区块至该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,以供该图形引擎存取。
2.如权利要求1所述的图形芯片的视讯存储器共享方法,其中,包括:
提供一外部存储器,以储存该色彩对照表的备份,以及该数个型样区块的备份,以写入该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器。
3.如权利要求1所述的图形芯片的视讯存储器共享方法,其中,若该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器的内容为该数个型样区块,该图框缓冲器的该目的区块进行色彩扩展包括:
读取一色彩对照表的备份;以及
写入该色彩对照表备份至该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器。
4.如权利要求1所述的图形芯片的视讯存储器共享方法,其中,若该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器的内容为该色彩对照表,该图形引擎存取该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器包括:
读取该数个型样区块的备份;以及
写入该数个型样区块的备份至该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器。
5.一种图形芯片设计的方法,其特征在于,包括:
于该图形芯片的一视讯存储器建置一型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,其中该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器于一图框缓冲器的一目的区块进行色彩扩展时作为一色彩对照表,以及于一图形引擎存取一型样区块时作为一型样存储器。
6.如权利要求5所述的图形芯片设计的方法,其中,包括:
于该图形芯片外部建置一外部存储器,以储存该色彩对照表的备份,以及该型样区块的备份。
7.一种共享视讯存储器的图形芯片,其特征在于,包括:
一视讯存储器,至少存放一型样与色彩对照表共享存储器,并且依据一存取装置而调整该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器内容;以及
一图形引擎,用以读取与处理该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器的数个型样区块,并且输出一处理结果至一图框缓冲器。
8.如权利要求7所述的共享视讯存储器的影像芯片,其中,包括:
一图形与视讯叠合单元,用以接收该图框缓冲器的一目的区块,以叠合与输出一图形与影像来源至一显示装置。
9.如权利要求7所述的共享视讯存储器的影像芯片,其中,包括:
该图框缓冲器,至少用以储存一目的区块,以供输出至一图形与视讯叠合单元进行图形与影像叠合输出。
10.如权利要求7所述的共享视讯存储器的图形芯片,其中,若该存取装置为该图框缓冲器,该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器用以存放该色彩对照表;以及若该存取装置为该图形引擎,该型样与色彩对照表共享存储器用以存放该数个型样区块。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US47273203P | 2003-05-23 | 2003-05-23 | |
US60/472,732 | 2003-05-23 |
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CN1536475A true CN1536475A (zh) | 2004-10-13 |
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