CN1682208A - 用于在无线移动终端上显示组聊天会话方法和系统 - Google Patents

用于在无线移动终端上显示组聊天会话方法和系统 Download PDF

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CN1682208A
CN1682208A CNA03821833XA CN03821833A CN1682208A CN 1682208 A CN1682208 A CN 1682208A CN A03821833X A CNA03821833X A CN A03821833XA CN 03821833 A CN03821833 A CN 03821833A CN 1682208 A CN1682208 A CN 1682208A
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J·W·李
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Abstract

在此揭示在无线移动终端上呈现聊天组会话的系统和方法。该系统包括多个无线移动终端。每个无线移动终端都具有显示屏。每个移动终端都能够以接近实时更新的方式显示聊天会话,因此会话中的消息在屏幕上逐渐滚动。另外,至少将一个移动终端配置为在屏幕的一部分呈现文本编辑区域,而在屏幕的另一部分显示聊天会话。移动终端上的文本编辑器允许用户在文本编辑区域中撰写消息,同时查看聊天会话的进展。消息可以是对当前正在显示的会话的响应。

Description

用于在无线移动终端上显示组聊天会话方法和系统
本发明是编号为10/245,918、2002年9月18日提交、标题为“用于无线移动终端的语音和文本组聊天方法”的美国专利申请的后续专利申请,该专利申请是编号为10/197,022、2002年7月17日提交、标题为“用于无线移动终端的语音和文本组聊天显示管理方法”的美国专利申请的后续专利申请。将上述申请的主题包括在此作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及包含语音和文本输入输出模态的通讯系统,更特别地,涉及在移动设备的显示上用文本呈现实时会话(如聊天线程)的改进方法。
发明背景
文本聊天系统及普及程度稍逊的语音聊天系统在相关技术中普遍地为人所知,特别是对于个人计算系统来说。已公开的美国专利申请(编号2001/0042095A1、200I/0011293 A1和2002/0023128 A1)及美国专利(编号6,212,548和6,286,034)展示了今天所使用的例子系统和用户接口。这些系统的共同特征是各个会话(或线程)通常被划分到显示或屏幕上的不同区域(或窗口)中。进一步来说,当单个线程中包含文本和语音两者的多次交换时,这样的系统通常分离这两种模态。语音通常通过扬声器播放,而多个文本消息则在屏幕上显示。用户无法引用原来的语音消息,或识别它们相对于该线程中的其他消息何时出现在线程中。
已公开的美国专利申请(编号2002/0023128 A1,即申请’128)说明了将屏幕区域划分为六个不同窗口的系统。一个窗口提供一个线程(当前线程)的聊天历史,而另一个窗口显示余下的多个线程的聊天历史的组合。聊天历史包括显示在屏幕上的多个条目,这些条目描述向内(即,由用户移动终端接收)和向外(即,由用户移动终端发送)的聊天消息。这些条目通常以时间顺序显示在屏幕上,并通常只描述文本消息。
虽然上述聊天系统满足了部分聊天组用户的需要,但是它们主要集中于大屏幕,如个人计算机上的屏幕。其中屏幕上的可视区域专门用于特定的功能。这样的接口不是很适合显示区域很小的设备。在如移动设备这样的小屏幕设备上,完全用于文本输入或其他临时功能的专门区域将消耗珍贵的屏幕区域。这样的方案不允许设备在不使用临时功能(如,编辑新消息)时充分利用可用的屏幕显示区域。
今天的移动设备上常见的处理通常指引用户通过一系列的屏幕来进行。例如,当需要编辑消息时,有限屏幕设备上现有技术的做法是把用户从占据屏幕的整个内容显示区域的聊天历史屏幕转到文本编辑屏幕,而后者也占据屏幕的内容显示区域。这样的方案不允许用户在撰写消息时查看实时进展的聊天历史。当有进入的消息时,用户必须转回历史屏幕来查看当前撰写的消息是否仍然和接收到的消息的上下文相关。处理这样问题的用户接口极大地增强了参与聊天会话的兴趣和方便性。因此,需要在移动设备上提供具有改进的用户接口的无线聊天消息系统,这样的系统允许在移动设备的限制下同时显示聊天线程和消息的撰写并/或按需要编辑响应消息。
发明概要
本发明的优点之一是提供管理单模态(即,语音或文本)和多模态(即,语音和文本)无线聊天服务的改进方法和系统。
本发明的又一个优点是提供允许用户实时查看进展中的聊天会话而同时允许用户撰写消息来响应当前查看的聊天消息的移动终端接口。
根据本发明的一个实施例,无线系统允许在移动终端之间进行基于聊天的通讯。每个移动终端都包括能够呈现聊天消息文本、图形用户接口和其他信息的显示屏。至少部分终端执行通过无线网络运营商网络提供聊天服务的聊天客户机应用。运行聊天客户机的移动终端能够显示以实时或接近实时的方式更新的聊天会话,因此会话中的消息在屏幕上逐渐滚动。另外,聊天客户机允许移动终端在屏幕的一部分呈现文本编辑区域而同时在屏幕的另一部分显示聊天会话。移动终端上的文本编辑器允许用户在文本编辑区域中撰写消息而同时查看进展中的聊天会话。撰写出的消息可以用于响应当前显示的会话。一旦撰写和发送消息的动作完成,聊天客户机允许移动终端移除文本编辑区域并扩展聊天历史区域来占据释放出的屏幕区域。
本领域的普通技术人员在研究下面的附图和详细说明后将能够理解本发明的其他系统、方法、特性和优点。应理解,这样的附件系统、方法、特性和优点包括在本说明书内、包括在本发明的范围内,并由后附的权利要求保护。
附图说明
附图中的组件并非限制性的,而是重点在于展示本发明的原理。在附图中,不同视图中的类似引用编号表示对应的部分。
图1为示意图,展示本发明实施例的可在聊天系统中使用的无线移动终端;
图2为框图,展示本发明实施例的无线通讯系统;
图3为框图,展示图2所示的系统中的无线通讯聊天组件;
图4为示意图,展示可在图2所示的系统中使用的向外的文本消息;
图5为示意图,展示可在图2所示的系统中使用的向内的文本消息;
图6为示意图,展示可在图2所示的系统中使用的好友列表更新消息;
图7为表格,展示包含在图2中所示的在线状态管理器中的数据;
图8为表格,展示包含在图2中所示的昵称管理器中的数据;
图9展示以字母顺序呈现例子昵称列表的好友列表显示;
图10展示以组顺序呈现例子昵称列表的好友列表显示;
图11为示意图,展示聊天历史显示;
图12为示意图,展示聊天历史显示在记录语音时的标题栏;
图13为示意图,展示一个例子通讯消息的详细查看显示;
图14为示意图,展示文本消息编辑器;
图15为框图,展示无线通讯系统,该无线通讯系统经扩展可以集成传统移动终端;及
图16-17展示本发明较佳实施例的例子聊天历史/文本编辑器显示组合。
较佳实施例的详细说明
参考图1-17,可以对本发明进行更完整的说明。图1展示无线移动终端100,它可以包括任何无线通讯设备,如手持蜂窝电话或支持无线通讯的个人数字助理(PDA)。图1所示的移动终端100的配置只是示范性的,且应理解可以使用各种终端和终端配置。如所示,移动终端100包括:呈现接收的语音这样的信号以使其发声的扬声器103,呈现文本和图形元素以使其可见的显示102,支持用户浏览显示在屏幕上的列表或菜单的浏览摇杆105,可编程按钮(或“软按键”)104,支持用户输入数字、字母和其他符号(如,标点符号)的小键盘106,捕捉如用户语音这样的声音的麦克风107,及支持用户开始记录和发送声音的通话按钮101。移动终端的这些和其他组件(未示出)在技术中众所周知,不需要在此赘述。另外,可以使用各种样式和组件的实例来代替(或补充)图1中所述的组件。例如,可以省略通话按钮101并用自动语音检测机制来替换它。可以用触摸屏和手写识别技术来替换软按键104、浏览摇杆105和小键盘106。本发明不限于此。不需要对用户可见但实现聊天功能所需的终端附加组件参考图3进行进一步说明。如下面更详细的说明,在无线移动终端上可用的输入设备(如小键盘、软按键等等)可由无线移动终端的用户使用,以开始聊天软件的会话并通过聊天软件的操作来开始一个或多个聊天会话(线程)。
图2展示本发明的无线通讯系统的总体系统架构,它包括多个移动终端100。通过以无线方式将数据传输到对应的无线通讯运营商的基础架构202,终端100至少和一个聊天服务器复合体204通讯。在现有技术中,无线通讯运营商基础架构202包括支持用终端100进行无线通讯所需的那些元素。各种服务提供者(如美国的Verizon或Sprint,或欧洲的Orange)构建和维护这样的基础架构。数据包被发送到通讯网络203,然后通讯网络203将它们转发到服务器复合体204。通讯网络203是基于包的网络,它可以包括如因特网或万维网这样的公共网络、如公司内部互联网这样的私用网络,或公共私用网络元素的某种组合。服务器复合体204最好包括多个联网的服务器计算机,可对它们编程来实现下述功能。所使用的服务器的数量和它们彼此之间通讯的方式取决于设计上的选择。对本发明的服务器计算机和移动终端进行编程的方法在现有技术中是众所周知的。
当服务器复合体204和一个或多个移动终端通讯时,服务器复合体204发送其数据到网络203,随后网络203将数据转发到至少一个通讯运营商基础架构202。然后每个相关的通讯运营商基础架构202将数据发送到一个或多个与其对应的移动终端100。最好在多个用户一起聊天(即,从一个终端100发送聊天消息到另一个)时,将包括文本、语音和/或图形消息(或其组合)的数据发送到服务器复合体204。然后服务器复合体204将消息的拷贝发送到目标终端100,该消息的拷贝最好在一个实施例中包括初始或发送终端。
可以将服务器复合体204放置在无线通讯运营商基础架构202内,或可以在支持直接的终端到终端传输情况下省略。在后一种情况,移动终端本质上支持所有的聊天消息功能。进一步来说,本发明将有助于基于包数据的系统之外的系统,及限制在单个无线通讯运营商领域范围内的系统。
在较佳实施例中,至少有一个聊天服务器复合体204位于运营商的领域之外。因此,它能够服务和多个无线网络运营商关联的多个移动终端100。实际上,在此揭示的系统独立于无线运营商。它们不需要在运营商无线网络202内放置任何特殊的硬件或软件。无线运营商的网络(和公共网络203一起)充当移动终端100和服务器复合体204之间的通讯管道。较佳地,使用标准的包数据传输协议在移动终端100和服务器复合体204之间传输和路由数据消息,这些协议如网际协议(IP)、传输控制协议(TCP)、用户数据报协议(UDP)和万维网协议,如超文本传输协议(HTTP)。服务器复合体204充当各种传输协议之间的网关。多个移动终端100中的每一个都使用适当的传输协议和聊天服务器复合体204建立连接。消息至少通过一种协议从移动终端100流到服务器复合体204。服务器复合体204复制消息的内容,并使用适合于每个目标移动终端100的适当传输协议将其广播到其他指定接收移动终端100。
图3更详细地展示终端100和服务器复合体204内用于交换组语音和文本聊天消息的组件。现考察终端100的组件,最好将机器可读并可执行的指令(通常称为软件、代码或程序)存储在应用存储(或存储器)310中,并在中央处理单元(CPU)211上执行(或运行)。在此所述的所有存储设备都可以包括技术中现有的易失(如,随机访问存储器)或非易失(如,只读存储器)存储的任意组合。类似地,CPU 211可以包括微处理器、微控制器、数字信号处理器、协处理器、类似设备或其组合。使用现有的编程技术,软件可以使用I/O控制器312来处理显示102,通过麦克风107捕捉语音,通过小键盘106、浏览摇杆105、软按键104和/或通话按钮101捕捉输入数据。发送到服务器复合体204的向外的聊天消息及那些从服务器复合体204接收的进入的聊天消息通过网络接口306传输,网络接口306提供终端和数据网络之间的连接性。其中终端100包括无线设备,网络接口306包括和服务器复合体204通讯所需的整个物理接口,它包括无线收发器。最好首先使用语音编解码器307对发送到服务器复合体204的语音进行编码,但不是必须。语音编解码器307可以用软件实现。类似地,需要时可以在将其发送到扬声器103之前使用语音编解码器307对来自服务器复合体204的语音进行解码。该软件使用临时存储309来保存不在软件启动(会话)之间持续保存的工作数据。另一方面,该软件使用永久存储305在可以跨多个软件会话的较长时间中持续保存数据。
现考察服务器复合体204的组件,它们包括编码的语音和文本消息的数据流量(如,向外的聊天消息400,见图4)最好通过路由器301流入服务器复合体204。注意,路由器301、在线状态管理器302、消息广播器303和昵称管理器304可以在服务器复合体204内的一个或多个服务器计算机等等上实现。路由器301将向外的聊天消息400转发至消息广播器303。消息广播器303确定所需的进入的聊天消息(如,进入的聊天消息500,见图5)的多个拷贝及其目的地。在本发明的上下文中,术语“向内的”指发送到一个或多个移动终端的消息,而术语“向外的”指由移动终端发送的消息。消息广播器303分解进入的消息400,并定位接收者标识符402的列表。然后它查询在线状态管理器302以建立接收者的当前状态702(即,接收者是否可以接收特定类型的消息、语音和/或仅接收文本消息等等的标志)及该终端的地址703。图7展示在线状态管理器303内的多条在线状态数据记录700的表格。每条在线状态记录700都包括用户的标识符701、当前状态702、当前终端地址703(如果已知)、公共显示标识符(如公共昵称704和公共简称705)和订阅对应于该条记录的用户的在线状态信息的多个其他用户标识符706。在发送到终端100的向内的聊天消息500中使用公共显示标识符或公共昵称集合704-705,除非接收者(即,接收用户)用私用显示标识符或私用昵称集合802-803覆盖公共昵称集合704-705。当在线状态702改变时,在线状态管理器302将好友列表更新消息600发送到所有对应的在线状态记录700的订阅者标识符字段706。在线状态记录700可以包含其他信息和属性,如转发地址、描述如何处理各种情况的处理规则、各种状态的图形表示、基本资料(即,可在各种时候或取决于接收者使用的多个不同的值集合等等)等等。
虽然未在图3中展示,服务器复合体204可以包括其他组件,如确保聊天通讯消息真实性并保护内容隐私的身份验证和加密服务器。服务器复合体204也可以包括多个其他组件,如语音到文本和文本到语音的翻译器、自然语言翻译器、语音译码器,及由接收者将消息、内容和任何附件(如,铃声、图像等等)转换为更加有意义和有用的格式的其他类似的转换网关。实现这样的其他组件的方法在技术中是众所周知的。
在较佳实施例中,多个无线运营商中的每一个都可以在无线网络运营商网络202中部属不同的无线数据技术,如全球移动通讯系统(GSM)、通用分组无线业务(GRPS)和码分多址(CDMA)、单运营商无线传输技术(1xRTT)。在这方面,在此揭示的系统不依赖于所使用的数据无线技术。
在较佳实施例中,在多个移动终端100上使用的语音编解码器307位于终端本地。位于移动终端100本地的语音编解码器307对终端的处理策略及所使用的无线技术进行优化。为了使系统能够独立于底层的无线技术,系统使用市场上提供的媒体方案网关(未示出)。媒体网关将一种编码的语音样本译码为另一个编码。在操作中,消息广播器303确定进入的消息使用的编码类型。它确定多个目标移动终端100中的每一个所需的编码类型。对消息的每个拷贝,消息广播器303都至少使用一个媒体网关将语音译码为适合于目标接收者的编码方案。检测进入的消息所使用和/或目标终端所需的编码类型及连接媒体网关的方法在现有技术中都是众所周知的。在媒体网关不能完成转换的情况下进行的意外处理也可以由系统执行。例如,可以将通知发送者该消息由于系统不支持所需译码技术而未能发送到目标接收者的消息发回到发送者。
另外,系统可以配置为对译码进行优化。例如,消息广播器303可以对所有发送到移动终端100并需要相同译码的消息重用相同的译码。另外,如果检测到不能将消息发送到目标则,消息广播器303可以避免对语音进行译码。也可以使用其他优化方法。
在较佳实施例中,将多个移动终端100分组并将它们分配给多个聊天服务器复合体204。因此,每个服务器复合体204都服务一组需要相同语音编码的同质移动终端100。多个服务器复合体204可以使用相同的编码。当消息到达一个聊天服务器复合体204的消息广播器303时,广播器至少将消息的一个拷贝转发给管理和消息预定接收者的子集之间的连接的另一个服务器复合体204。转发的消息由两个服务器复合体204之间的路径上的媒体网关译码。系统得益于使用共同的编码在各个服务器复合体204之间传输语音样本。特别地,在将其转发到多个其他目标服务器复合体204之前,把服务器复合体204接收的消息译码为共同编码(在此情况只需要一次译码)。在消息到达多个目标服务器复合体204中的每一个时,将消息转换为适合于目标移动终端100的编码。在终端服务器复合体只需要一种编码,因为由该复合体服务的所有终端都使用相同的编码。未被转发到服务器复合体204之外的消息不需要译码,因为由该复合体服务的所有移动终端都使用相同的编码。在此配置中,可以在复合体204之间部属更简单的媒体网关,因为这样的网关只需要在共同编码和复合体204服务的移动终端100使用的编码之间对内容进行译码。同样,对所需译码类型的检测本质上包含在消息的路由(即,移动终端的结构和分布)中,且不需要基于任何编码信息自身实际进行解析。这只基于移动终端的目标地址就可做出,而目标地址在路由和发送消息的所有情况下都将得到解析。例如,可以划分单个服务器复合体204,在其中以和分布式的服务器复合体204相同的精神使用多个消息广播器303,而不是使用多个服务器复合体204。本发明并不限制于服务器复合体的任何特殊配置。可以使用服务器复合体的其他配置。
较佳地,昵称管理器304存在于服务器复合体204中,并负责管理昵称集合802-803的列表,进入的聊天消息500的接收者使用昵称集合来覆盖公共昵称和简称。注意,昵称和简称主要在长度上不同。昵称的长度是任意的(可能根据设计选择来限制),而简称的长度或尺寸最好是固定的。另外,昵称和简称是用于标识聊天消息发出者的显示标识符的实例。这样的显示标识符和系统内部用来标识特殊用户的标识符(如,附图中具有引用编号701、403和604的标识符)不同。也应注意,简称和昵称在格式或类型上可以不同。系统可以对简称使用图形、符号或简洁且维度固定的其他适当形式,而对昵称使用文本形式。系统可以基于上下文、用户首选项、呈现主题和个性来改变这些图形和符号。
图8展示包含在昵称管理器304中的昵称记录800。较佳地,每条昵称记录800包括接收用户的标识符701、好友的标识符801(即,接收用户希望消息广播器303对所有进入的聊天消息500用接收者的私用昵称集合802-803替换其公共昵称集合704-705的聊天好友标识符)、私用昵称802及私用简称803。和在线状态记录700的情况类似,在线状态记录80可以包含其他信息和属性,如转发地址、描述如何处理各种情况的处理规则、各种状态的图形表示、基本资料(即,可在各种时候使用的不同字段值等等)等等。在接收到目标为接收用户标识符701指定的接收者的消息时,昵称管理器304确定好友标识符801(即,开始发送消息的聊天参与者的标识)。基于好友标识符801,昵称管理器304检查对应于目标接收者的昵称记录。如果在目标接收者的昵称记录中未发现好友标识符,则将消息作为包含发送者公共昵称和公共简称的进入的消息发送到目标接收者。在此情况,随后在目标接收者的移动终端显示上显示发送者的公共昵称和/或简称。如果在目标接收者的昵称记录中找到了好友标识符,则昵称管理器确定和好友标识符相关的私用昵称和私用简称,并在后面发送到目标接收者的进入的消息中用私用昵称替换公共昵称,用私用简称替换公共简称,从而使得私用昵称和/或私用简称显示在接收者的移动终端显示上。以此方式,用户(即,接收者)对如何在它们的终端上显示聊天历史具有较大程度的控制。注意,假如所需的昵称记录存储在移动终端上,则可以由移动终端来执行确定私用显示标识符并用它们替换公共显示标识符的处理。
图4展示终端100发送到消息广播器303的向外的聊天消息400。向外的聊天消息400包括消息类型401(如,文本、语音等等)、一些预定接收者402、多个接收者标识符403、线程标识符404、消息长度405、消息内容406和一些附件407。较佳地,移动终端100通过组合客户机标识符和会话标识符与线程序列号来产生线程标识符404。线程序列号是终端一方的编号,它在每次会话开始时从0开始。每次终端100产生新线程时,客户机就将线程序列号递增1。虽然未在图4中展示,有效负载可以包含消息编码类型和其他附件(如,图标、铃声等等)。可以将其他元素增加到向外的聊天消息中,如序列号、时间戳等等。
消息广播器303在接收到向外的聊天消息400时,首先编制目标接收者的列表,该列表包括发送者标识符(即,接收者标识符列表403中的第一个接收者标识符)和多个其他接收者标识符(即,标识符列表403中除发送者标识符之外的接收者标识符)。对每个目标,消息广播器303通过从具有匹配的标识符701在线状态记录700中定位目标的标识符来确定目标的状态702。对每个可用的目标(即,其中在线状态记录指示接收者可以接收消息类型401),广播管理器303构成向内的聊天消息500。消息广播器304查询昵称管理器304来查找接收者对其他接收者的本地昵称集合802-803(即,这些标识符包括目标的初始列表而没有接收者的标识符)。如果没有找到任何信息(即,接收者未对特定的接收者建立昵称记录800),则消息广播器304查询在线状态管理器302来查找接收者的公共昵称信息704-705。消息广播器303从在线状态管理器302中抽取接收者的地址703并通过路由器将向内的消息500发送到接收者的终端100。本领域的普通技术人员应理解,可以使用优化消息创建和广播的方法,如使用常见的压缩和编码方法,且在向内的聊天消息500中可以包括其他信息,如序列号、时间戳等等。
图5展示由服务器复合体204发送到终端100的向内的消息500。如所示,向内的消息500大部分是从终端100发送到服务器复合体204的向外的聊天消息400的拷贝。向内的消息500最好包括初始的向外的消息400和不为终端100所知(即,尚未出现在接收者的好友列表中)的新用户的定义。新用户定义包括新定义的数量501和多条单个定义,单个定义包括接收者标识符502、全称503、公共昵称504和公共简称505。在某些情况下,必须将初始的向外的消息转换为可由接收终端100理解的形式。应注意,服务器复合体204在会话中可以只需要包括新用户定义一次。用户定义放置在终端100的临时存储309中。这能够减少无线数据的传输。如时间戳、序列号等等这样的其他属性可以放置在向内的聊天消息500中。亦应注意,也可以使用匿名标识符和虚拟或组标识符。
当参与者的在线状态702改变时,消息广播器303发送好友列表更新消息600到订阅该参与者在线状态702的其他用户。图6展示从服务器复合体204发送到移动终端100的好友列表更新消息600。消息600包括列表类型601(如,字母数字列表、组列表等等)、在消息602中标识的组的数量、至少一个组定义603-604、未分组个人的列表605-606,及多个用户定义502-505,607。注意,接收者状态字段607指示在线状态702的值。在此上下文中,组定义包括组名称603和多个接收者标识符604。接收者的标识符可以存在于多个组定义中。然而,较佳地,可以只有一个用户定义502-505,607。进一步来说,较佳地,对接收者标识符604列表中的每个标识符,在好友列表更新消息600中对该接收者至少有一个用户定义502-505,607。未分组个人的列表是特殊的未命名组。它包括未分组个人的数量605和接收者标识符列表606。较佳地,未分组定义中的接收者标识符不能出现在其他组。记录600可以包含其他字段或属性和信息,如表现图标、声音标识等等。另外,应注意,消息不必包含组和个人更新的整个列表,而是使用递增的更新。
接收到来自终端100的刷新请求时,在线状态管理器302可以发送好友列表更新消息600到终端100。本领域的普通技术人员应理解,可以有发送好友列表更新的其他原因(如,初始连接),及以编码内容的形式进行优化,发送递增更新而不是整个列表,等等。
在另一个实施例中,可以在终端100上实现消息广播器303和昵称管理器304的部分(或全部)功能。在该情况下,终端100在交换在线状态信息时和服务器复合体204通讯。从一个终端100将聊天通讯消息以点对点的方式广播到多个其他终端100。
图9展示其条目按字母顺序排列的好友列表显示。将屏幕102划分为三个区域。在最上面的区域中有标题栏区域901,它显示一行文本和图像符号(即,图标)。软件使用此区域901向用户提供提示及与当前任务有关的其他元信息。在好友列表显示的情况下,标题栏901包括用户自己的在线状态标志904、用户自己的公共昵称704,有时还包括向内的聊天消息标志905。较佳地,在线状态标志904是取决于在线状态702而改变外观的图标(即,有不同和独特的特征和各种状态值相关)。较佳地,向内的聊天消息标志905是首次显示该图标时伴随有声音的图标。组合起来,可视和有声的通知向用户指示至少有一个已到达终端100的向内的聊天消息500未听和/或未读。如果用户的昵称对标题栏901来说太长,则软件滚动标题栏,只将向内的聊天消息标志905留在固定的位置便于快速访问。在现有技术中有这样的显示方法的很多熟知的例子,它们均可以用于本发明。
内容区域903位于显示的中间区域。在好友列表显示的情况下,软件最好在内容区域903中放置具有多个条目的多选列表,每个条目均表示由终端100从服务器复合体204接收的好友列表更新消息600中的好友,并存储在临时存储309中。每个条目都可以由用户高亮显示908。高亮显示和浏览列表条目可以使用现有技术中普通方法来实现。列表中每个条目均包括指示用户是否已选择了特殊的好友进行聊天(即,发送聊天通讯消息)的选择标志906、该好友的在线状态911、该好友的昵称802或704,和/或该好友的简称标志907。注意,文本之外的符号对简称信息705或803来说可以充当和简称标志907相同的功能。例如,可以使用图标或其他图形元素,只要它们足够用于区分各个好友。进一步来说,如果有足够的屏幕空间,可以使用这样的图像元素和文本的组合。
软按键标签区域202在屏幕102下方。较佳地,最少有两个标签909-910。标签的数量取决于在终端100上可用的软按键104的实际数量。如所示,如果在好友列表中至少有一个选择的条目,则左边的软按键标签910为“选择”而右边的软按键标签为”写消息”。否则,右边的软按键标签909为“聊天”。如果用户通过单击激活左边的软按键(下面称为“单击”),则选择高亮显示的条目908(或如果已选择了它,则取消选择),且因此其选择标志906发生改变来反映新状态。如果用户按下并保持(称为“点击-保持”)左边的软按键,则软件向用户提供多个选项,如取消选择或选择整个列表、切换到其他显示(如,图11中所示的聊天历史显示、图10中所示的按组排序的好友列表显示等等)、请求好友的细节(如,全称、公共昵称集合704、705等等)、更改昵称集合802-803、显示或隐藏字段(如简称标志907)等等的选项。再次,编程实现这样的功能并将其与单击和/或点击-保持关联的方法在现有技术中是众所周知的。也应注意,使用文本字符串来表示软按键标签只是用于说明且只是为了展示本发明的精神或目的。可以使用其他形式的标签,如图形符号等等。
如果没有选择好友,则右边的软按键为“聊天”。在此上下文中单击或点击-保持右边的软按键将切换用户到参考图11更详细地说明的聊天历史显示。如果用户按下通话按钮101(下面称为通话),则声音标志提醒用户必须先选择好友。如果至少选择了一个好友,则单击或点击-保持右边显示软按键将开始撰写新线程的消息以发送给选择的好友。在该情况下,显示切换到参考图14更详细地说明的文本消息编辑显示。如果用户通话,则显示切换到聊天历史,且用户能够记录和发送语音消息并因此和所选的好友开始新线程。
图10展示按组对条目排序的好友列表显示。在较佳实施例中,首先列出组条目及其成员好友,随后列出未分组的好友。单个条目等同于在字母顺序列表中显示的那些条目,除了具有较佳的缩进(即,指示组成员关系的注解)。组条目包括组名1005和类似于个人选择标志906的组选择标志1001,除了组选择标志可以比单纯的选择和未选择状态指示更多情况,它还可以指示部分选择。图10中所示的参考例子,实心正方形(组选择标志),如组3和组4中那样,表示完全选择。组5具有空心正方形,它指示部分选择。如果没有选择组中的任何成员,则在组级别(或单个好友级别)没有任何标志。为了选择一个组,用户可以逐个选择所有成员或直接选择该组。为了部分选择一个组,用户可以开始选择该组,然后取消对一个或多个成员的选择。另外,用户可以从未选择的组开始,并选择一个或多个成员。组条目可以折叠(即,不显示组成员)。在该情况,用折叠标志1002来注解该条目。如果用户高亮显示折叠的组达一定时间,则组自动地展开以显示其用户。当用户移动至另一个组时,组显示样式再次回到折叠的状态。如果用户选择或取消选择组条目,则自动选择组的所有成员或取消对它们的选择。软按键标签1003-1004的行为类似于参考图9所述。然而,在高亮显示组条目(或高亮显示组内的个人)时进行点击-保持将向用户提供管理组的附加选择,如重命名该组、移除组或其成员、增加新的组或个人、折叠或扩展该组、折叠或扩展所有的组等等。应注意,在较佳实施例中,虽然可以提供多个级别,但是只允许一个级别的组(即,不允许组嵌套)。
较佳地,如果系统支持和接收者用户或组耦连的在线状态基本资料,那么当用户高亮显示多个好友条目908时,标题栏901中的用户在线状态标志904和昵称704将发生变化来指示该特殊好友(或一组好友)的在线状态信息。同样,也应理解,如果高亮显示的条目908中的信息太长,则软件可以滚动该信息、扩展它,或使用现有技术中的其他普通方法向用户呈现所有信息。
应理解,存在其他对列表排序的方法(通过日期、事件等等),且可以增加其他注解到条目中。例如,可以使用指示存在未读取/未听的来自个人或组的消息的标志。
图11展示聊天历史显示。该显示的内容区域903是单选列表,它包括表示由终端100接收的向内的聊天消息500的多个条目和表示由终端100发送的向外的聊天消息400的多个条目。最好全部或部分地以向内的消息的形式将向外的聊天消息发回发送者(如,语音消息可以不包括已发送的实际语音)。即,向外的聊天消息到达服务器复合体以便传输到目标接收者。除发送消息到目标接收者之外,消息广播器将向外的消息的拷贝作为向内的消息发送到发送终端(即,发送者)。在某些情况下,发回发送终端的消息拷贝(向内的消息)可能不等同于已发送的消息(向外的消息)。例如,并不将向外的语音消息的语音内容拷贝发回发送终端,只将语音消息的文本部分作为向内的消息发回。(注意,在这个较佳实施例中,语音消息包含附加到其后的文本,即使只是使用分类字符串或符号来指示该消息为语音消息。当然,如果可以进行语音到文本的转换,则可以将该消息的实际语音内容转换为文本并拷贝回发送终端)。以此方式,语音消息的出现将导致条目显示在屏幕上。在另外的实施例中,发送终端可以直接在本地显示上重复文本,而不是让向外的消息的文本通过向内的消息发回发送终端。以此方式,无线资源的使用可以得到最小化。
聊天技术中一个常见的问题是如何表示成功发送。通知发送的一种较佳的方法是将向外的消息400发送回(如向内的回声消息500)发送者的移动单元,以通知发送者该消息已可靠地发送到聊天服务器复合体204中的消息广播器303。另外,通知的表示可以是聊天历史中指示所发送的消息已由所有接收者接收的文本消息。回声消息可以在消息广播器303接收到向外的消息400时发回。然后当所有接收者都接收到该消息时,聊天服务器204可以发送接收通知。较佳地,可以在发送接收通知到达时对初始的回声消息进行注解(如,改变颜色和/或字体,或用打勾这样的符号进行装饰等等)来进行接收通知。在另外的方法中,可以延迟发回用户的回声消息,直到广播器303已接收到所有预定接收者都已接收到该消息的拷贝的确认。然而,在发送延迟相对长且延迟在发送多个拷贝消息时变化较大的环境,提供某种表示上的副作用的方法可能使用户困惑。在这样的情况下,至少一个接收者可以在消息到达余下接收者之前对发送者做出响应。在该情况,发送者将在他/她的聊天历史显示中(如参见图11)看到在回声消息之前对消息做出的响应。可以使用一些方法来校正此问题。例如,移动终端100或服务器复合体204可以延迟呈现或接收者响应的发送,直到所有接收者接收到初始消息且已将回声消息发回用户。
虽然没有展示,在任何时间,用户都可以向系统查询谁已经(或尚未)接收到消息。其他实施例可以选择用户不用对明显的发送查询系统,而相反通过发送多个接收通知(每次向用户发送一个拷贝)来提供可比较的信息。虽然在聊天服务器复合体204中支持这样的方法更简单,但它们可能需要更多的通讯资源。
在图11的例子中,每个条目都包括指示是否存在附件内容(如,文本、文件等等)或发送的语音的附件标志1104-1105、发送者简称705或803,及消息内容或文本的至少部分(如果在2-3行中能容纳该文本,则包括所有文本)。虽然未在图11中展示,条目上可以有其他标志,如锁定条目标志(即,指示条目已保存在永久存储305中并将一直出现在聊天历史显示中直到取消锁定)。注意,在显示的每个条目只可以包括较少量的信息。例如,只可以显示消息内容而没有发送者简称。
当高亮显示条目1106时,在标题栏1101中放置发送者和其他接收者的多个昵称802或704。如果该列表太长,则滚动标题栏401的内容。另外,可以使用简称或其他符号来替代标题栏1101中的昵称。当用户选择条目1106时,也加重相同线程中所有相关的聊天消息1103。可以通过改变或注解相关条目或改变不相关的条目(如,使那些条目变灰)来进行加重。如果选择的条目太长而不能完整显示并选中达一段时间,则该条目的内容可以自动扩展以显示整个文本内容。在该情况,当用户移动到另一个条目时,该条目立即收缩以适合其初始分配的空间,即2-3行文本。分配的行的实际数量取决于屏幕尺寸。在新的向内的聊天消息400到达时,自动增加新条目到该列表中,例如,在列表的底部。底部或好友列表条目1107是特殊的条目,它引用当前选中在好友列表显示中的好友的列表。用户可以使用该条目来和好友开始新的线程。底部条目1107只在用户选择了好友时出现,并包括区分该条目和其他“常规”聊天消息条目的图标1110。如果用户选择底部条目1107,则以和高亮显示聊天历史的“常规”条目时显示接收者相同的方式在标题栏1101中显示好友的列表。
左边的软按键标签1108为“好友”。单击或点击-保持左边的软按键可以将用户切换到好友列表显示(参见图9和10)。如果高亮显示的条目是聊天消息条目,则右边的软按键标签1109为“回复”。否则它的标签为”写消息”,与前面的说明相同。单击右边的软按键可以将用户转至参考图14更加详细地说明的消息编辑器显示。通过聊天消息条目列表1106或那些和好友列表条目1107相关的接收者来得到消息的目标接收者。在高亮显示的条目为聊天消息条目1106的情况下,点击-保持右边的软按键将向用户提供类似于参考图13更加详细地说明的那些选项。否则,如果高亮显示的条目为好友列表条目1107,则“发送给所有人”动作和一般的单击“回复所有动作”相同。如果用户通话,则编制目标接收者(即,聊天消息条目1106的发送者和接收者,或好友列表1107中的好友),以参考图12更详细地说明的方式更新标题栏,并开始记录和传输语音聊天消息。
应理解,如果向内的语音消息在聊天消息显示对用户不可见时到达,则接收的语音需要排队。在当前实施例中,最近接收的语音消息(或至少那些适合可用存储器的部分)在接收终端排队。在另外的实施例中,这样的排队可以发生在服务器复合体中,以使得接收者可以在预定的时间段内请求回放。进一步来说,排队可以发生在终端和服务器端,以使得在终端不提供给定语音消息时可以向服务器请求回放。虽然语音条目是最近的语音条目,相关的语音保持排队并可以在用户返回聊天历史显示时即刻自动回放。当用户切换回聊天历史显示时,如果该语音条目在屏幕上可见,则自动回放它。只对接收的最近的语音消息进行自动回放。如果用户返回聊天历史来记录和传输语音聊天消息,则取消回放。
在集成多个多模态会话线程到一个聊天历史中时,不混淆地发送语音消息到用户是一个问题。在现有技术中,用户很难将语音和特定的聊天线程关联。在此所述的系统以两种方法解决此关联问题。首先,如上所述,每个语音消息都在显示上留下条目。条目链接到与其对应的线程,并至少表示出发送者和消息的其他接收者的列表。然而,在用户收听语音消息时不能查看显示的情况下,这是不够的。由于这个原因,在此所述的系统使用第二种方法来补充第一种方法。较佳地,当用户选择线程时,自动向用户回放和所选线程相关的所有语音消息,除非用户做出规定。不自动回放不属于所选线程的任何语音消息。相反,移动终端100向用户呈现指示在其他线程中有其他进入的语音信号的声音信号。用户此时可以选择回放该消息或请求系统丢弃它。无论是否回放进入的语音消息,都将在显示上呈现进入的语音消息的文本部分。这有助于用户决定选择收听消息还是忽略它。可以进行进一步的优化。例如,用户可以给出丢弃该消息的选项。然后丢弃任何已发送的语音数据,通知服务器停止发送语音消息的余下部分并开始发送队列中的下一个消息(如果存在的话)。
可以对发送方法进行优化。例如,无论何时用户选择线程时,移动终端100都发送消息到聊天服务器复合体204。这允许聊天服务器复合体204不发送不属于所选线程语音消息的语音成分,直到用户指示他/她想收听该语音。这将最小化发送大量不使用的数据到移动终端的可能。
图12展示聊天历史显示在用户记录和发送向外的语音消息时的标题栏。该标题栏包括记录标志1201、多个接收者昵称705或802(不包括发送者),并可选地包括向用户指示他或她正在和所标识的接收者通话的一个标签1203。如果接收者列表太长,则滚动该列表。然而,记录标志1201保持在它的固定位置。在用户按下通话按钮请求记录并发送语音和系统允许用户进行访问之间可以有延迟。较佳地,记录标志1201是改变其外观(如,颜色或图形符号)来指示用户何时具有和/或失去语音记录/发送权限的图标。在用户释放通话按钮101之后,聊天历史显示上的标题栏回到正常标题栏1101。
图13展示向内的聊天消息500的详细查看显示。标题栏1301包括发送者的在线状态标志904、发送者昵称705或802,并可选地包括时间戳(该消息何时发送或接收)。如果信息标题栏中的太长,则滚动昵称。在该情况,余下的标志最好保持固定。内容区域1303包括通知用户有附件或语音的附件标志1302、消息的完整文本1309、分隔符1304,及表示其他接收者(不包括发送者或接收者)的多个条目。在图13所示的例子中,每个条目都包括用户的昵称集合703-705或802-803。另外,每个条目也可以只包括昵称集合(昵称或简称)的某些部分或其他类型的显示标识符。左边的软按键标签606为“取消”。单击和点击-保持左边的软按键退出该显示并返回原先的显示。右边的软按键标签607为”写消息”。单击右边的软按键可以将用户转至在图14中更详细地说明的消息编辑器显示。点击-保持右边的软按键将向用户提供这样的选项,如回放可用语音、查看或存储可用附件、锁定聊天历史显示中的条目、在永久存储305中保存向内的聊天消息、转至下一条或前一条聊天消息、只回复发送者或一个其他接收者(即,开始新线程)等等。如果用户通话,则退出详细查看显示。用户转至聊天历史并开始和发送者(除非用户就是发送者)及所有其他接收者通话。在此情况,取消对任何排队的语音的回放。
图14展示文本消息编辑器显示。在此例中,标题栏1401包括多个目标接收者昵称704或802和一个向用户指示他或她正在撰写消息的动作标签。如果内容太长,则滚动标题栏1401。在标题栏1401下面提供用于撰写文本消息的文本输入区域1042。左边的软按键标签1404为“取消”。单击和点击-保持左边的软按键将退出该显示,较佳地取消内容,并回到前面的显示(除了前面的显示为详细查看显示的情况,在这样的情况回到详细查看显示前面的显示而不是详细查看显示)。右边的软按键标签1403为“发送”。单击右边的软按键使得软件构建并发送向外的文本消息400。点击-保持右边的软按键将向用户提供一组选项,如其他内容附件(如,铃声等等)、对消息进行拼写检查、显示接收者的完整细节等等。较佳地,如果用户通话,则退出该显示并取消其内容,用户转至聊天历史并开始和选择的接收者通话。在此情况也将取消对任何排队的语音进行的回放。
本发明并不限于人与人之间的多模态聊天。多模态聊天可以包括机器。存在基于文本的聊天系统允许用户使用聊天隐喻和网络中创新的服务交互,如Active Buddy公司部署的那些系统。然而,在此揭示的系统不像这些系统,本发明允许聊天对话使用文本和语音两者。例如,希望得到包发送状态的用户可以发送语音消息到包发送服务的在线身份。该语音至少包括包标识符。自动响应服务使用现有技术中的语音识别技术来确定用户的请求并构建响应。该响应可以基于语音(如,可以发送指示它不能理解该请求的语音消息)或文本(包在到达目的地的路上的细节列表)。该服务订阅用户的在线状态。当它注意到用户的在线状态允许以首选的格式发送细节时,该服务将结果发送给用户。
该创新的系统也允许服务包括可以在移动终端100或在服务器复合体204(可能连接网络中的其他服务)中执行的命令(移动终端中执行的命令开始电话呼叫),或它们的组合。例如,和另一个用户聊天的个人可能在某时希望开始电话会话。较佳地,用户通过从移动终端100发送命令到服务器复合体204请求服务器复合体204开始电话会话,该命令至少包括在发送者和目标接收者之间建立电话呼叫所需的信息。服务器复合体204向语音IP(VoIP)电话系统发出请求。然后该系统确定距端点最近的电话接入点,并通过回叫发送者且目标用户使用如会话发起协议(SIP)和实时传输协议(RTP)这样的普通协议路由那些接入点之间的呼叫来设置呼叫。系统可以使用聊天接口来收集和确定呼叫的细节(如上所述)或可以收集信息并使用本领域的普通技术人员所知的普通技术启动命令。在另外的方法中,服务器复合体204将至少包括目标电话号码的命令发回移动终端100。然后移动终端100对目标发起电话呼叫。可以使用现有技术在移动终端100建立电话呼叫。
无线数据网络上的连接的质量特征会随时间而改变。例如,移动用户可能移动到未覆盖的区域,其中数据连接被丢弃。随后再次进入覆盖区域时,可能又重新建立连接,然而,在此处理中移动终端100可能获得新的IP地址。因此,服务器复合体204不能转发消息到移动终端100。为了处理此问题,在此揭示的系统使用会话标识符来描述特定移动终端100和服务器复合体204之间的连接。无论何时移动终端重新建立连接(例如,在连接由于出覆盖区而断开之后),移动终端100都重用被中断的会话的会话标识符。然后服务器复合体204重绑定新连接到现有的会话。如果移动终端100在给定的超时期限内没有重新连接,则服务器复合体204可以终止该会话。其他导致连接断开的事件包括从移动终端发送的会话终止命令丢失、移动终端100处的聊天应用非正常关闭、电池问题等等。
较佳地,使用会话标识符做出发生在服务器复合体204之内(或之间)的所有路由。较佳地,使用会话标识符而不是客户机标识符,因为用户可能选择终止会话并建立新会话。以此方式,可以从系统中移除和终止的会话绑定的所有消息。只保留和活跃会话相关的交易。同样,在分布式的服务器复合体204环境中,其中有很多消息广播器303(即,物理上的服务器主机),客户机可以连接到不同的主机服务器。使用会话标识符能够提供查找客户机当前在何处连接的简单方法。另外,在重新建立连接时,服务器复合体204可以使用现有技术中常见的技术,如粘性负载均衡交换,此技术控制重连接的客户机基于会话标识符在物理上和原来的主机服务器重新建立连接(甚至在移动终端100的IP地址已改变的情况下)。
另外,很多无线运营商网络不支持让主动的网络发起消息到达移动终端100。网络发起的消息对在此所述的系统而言是指从服务器复合体204发送到移动终端100的消息,对网络运营商来说它看起来好像未经移动终端100请求。由于消息广播器303通常发送主动的向内的消息500到消息的接收者,这是聊天环境中常见的问题。为了克服此问题,系统使用保活策略。这些策略取决于特定移动终端100和服务器复合体204之间建立的数据传输协议而不同。保活策略包括周期性地从移动终端100发送消息到服务器复合体204。保活消息对移动网络看起来是请求。然后可以将后面发送回移动终端100的消息视为运营商对请求的响应,只要发送到移动终端100的消息源于和移动终端100发送保活消息的目的地相同的地址。保活消息的频率是设计选择和传输协议选择的问题。当使用HTTP作为传输协议时,系统使用轮询机制。使用此机制,频繁地发送保活消息并用它来充当确定在服务器复合体是否有任何待发消息的轮询。如果有待发消息,则将那些消息作为轮询请求的响应发回。TCP和/或UDP不需要轮询机制并可以使用保活技术,如简单地按消息之间显著较长的时间间隔在消息中至少发送会话标识符到服务器复合体204。可以对保活消息的发送进行优化。例如,在最近从移动终端100发送了向外的消息400到服务器复合体204时,不必发送保活消息。
较佳地,从服务器复合体204发送到移动终端100的所有消息通过相同的路由器并可能通过移动终端100在服务器复合体204中所连接到的相同物理主机服务器。这确保运营商将消息视为对移动终端100的请求的响应。系统也可以使用使流量看起来源于相同位置的其他方法,如地址映射等等。
另外,保活消息可以连接上述的其他方法工作,以在移动终端的地址已改变时通知聊天服务器复合体204。这在将UDP用作传输协议的情况下特别有用。在每个保活消息上,服务器复合体204都读取移动终端100的地址。如果该地址改变,则服务器复合体204重新绑定会话标识符到新的地址。因此,保活消息仍然对系统有帮助,即使运营商不阻挡网络发起的消息。
服务器复合体204有可能由于没有最新的地址而不能发送消息到移动终端100-移动终端100的地址可能在发送保活消息之前已改变。在此情况,系统可以例如保存未发送的消息一段时间,直到下一个保活消息到达,可以丢弃消息并通知发送者它未能发送消息,或可以使用某种频带外的机制发送消息,如连接图15说明的频带外机制。
在某些现有的无线包数据网络中的问题是通讯信道资源争用。在建立了无线数据连接时,某些系统(如,CDMA的1xRTT)可能放松路由电话呼叫和其他无线相关的服务到移动终端100的能力。因此,由上述系统使用的保活策略可能有问题。为了解决此问题,较佳实施例使用基于用户对聊天服务参与的预测补偿策略。补偿策略使用动态的超时方案。例如,当移动终端100呈现聊天历史显示,其中包含活跃更新(即,向内的消息500)且参与可能性较高时,则超时的长度显著长于没有更新或当移动终端100呈现好友列表显示且参与可能性较低的时候。超时的目的是防止用户忘记或无意中让聊天应用一直运行而阻止任何进入的电话呼叫或其他通讯到达用户的情况。当超时发生时,向用户给出继续会话的机会。用提示通知用户移动终端100和服务器复合体204之间的连接即将终止。用户可以选择取消该动作并保持连接活跃。否则,如果用户不在分配的时间内取消以做出响应,则连接自动终止。当移动终端断开连接时,它就不再通过原先建立的包数据连接来接收聊天消息。
可以使用其他断开连接的方案。例如,在移动终端上运行的聊天程序可以选择定期重新连接服务器复合体204来检查是否有任何待发送的消息。如果没有,则移动终端上的聊天程序可以自动断开连接。否则,发送这些消息且程序按如上所述更新聊天历史显示,并恢复操作,直到用户终止该会话或按如上所述发生超时。
图15展示包括图2所述元素的无线通讯系统总体系统架构如何扩展得可以和传统移动终端1502集成。在这里所述的系统的上下文中,传统移动终端1502至少能够通过某些知名的现有机制,如短消息服务(在技术中通常称为SMS消息或简单地称为SMS),发送和接收文本消息。然而,不像移动终端100,传统移动移动终端1501缺乏和聊天服务器复合体204直接通讯和/或直接参与在此所述的任何聊天活动所需的元素。
为了集成传统的终端,聊天服务器复合体204通过通讯网络203(如,因特网或万维网)至少和一个SMS聚合器1501通讯。SMS 1501可以是市场上提供的设备,它包括允许和无线网络运营商没有任何直接从属关系的条目输入SMS消息到至少一个无线网络运营商网络202中所需的所有元素。SMS聚合器1501(通过它其到通讯网络的接口)取SMS的说明作为输入。该说明包括发送消息到目标移动终端100所需的所有元素。该说明至少包括发起者地址,如移动终端100的地址,或特殊的称为短码或长码的返回地址、目标地址,如终端100的地址,及消息的内容。
SMS聚合器1501通过它的无线网络运营商网络202接口和目标运营商通讯并代表请求者输入SMS。在此系统中,请求者是聊天服务器复合体204或代表它的任何代理。
移动终端100允许用户输入传统移动终端1502的地址。这可以通过特别的方式做出,其中在创建向外的消息400时提示用户输入地址。在此上下文中的地址通常是移动终端1502的电话号码。另外,对经常发消息至特定传统移动终端1502的用户,系统可以向该用户提供在系统中构建好友在线身份的方法,好友在线身份至少包括在线状态数据记录700和昵称数据记录800。可以将现有的数据集合与构建方法用于添加传统好友或使用特别地址的处理。
传统地址是实际地址或接收者的传统好友标识符,可以按与任何其他接收者相同方式来使用它。它被放置在向外的消息400和向内的消息500中的接收者标识符(403和502)列表中。在使用实际地址的情况,地址的表示通常和非传统地址有所区别。这允许系统以和余下的接收者标识符不同的方式处理地址。
传统地址可以是与至少另一个传统移动终端1502和至少另一个(非传统)移动终端100进行的组通讯的部分。另外,传统地址可以是在和传统终端进行的一对一通讯中提供的唯一地址。传统地址可以是发起新会话线程的部分,或它可以是回复现有线程的部分。
在传统地址特别条目的情况下,系统必须在向内的消息500中建立接收者字段(503-505)。系统可以在这些字段中放置一般的表示。例如,它可以使用地址作为接收者的名称503。在可能时,系统可以查询公共地址簿来查找实际名称。也可以使用其他技术。例如,在信息被视为私密且不允许系统呈现它的情况下,移动终端100(或服务器复合体204)可以用代理表示来替换信息。
将具有传统地址的向外的消息400发送到聊天服务器复合体204中的消息广播器303。消息广播器303检测传统移动终端1502的传统地址(实际地址或使用传统好友接收者标识符对它的引用)。对每个非传统移动移动终端100,消息广播器303按上述方式构建向内的消息500。
对每个目标传统终端1502,广播器303发送SMS请求到SMS聚合器1501。为了实现此目的,广播器303设置SMS请求的源地址为发起该消息的发送者移动终端100的移动地址。SMS聚合器1501代表聊天服务器复合体204和发送用户将SMS发送到传统移动终端1502。
发送到传统移动终端1502的消息至少包含原始消息。可以在此消息中包含其他信息。例如,消息可以包括其他接收者的列表、线程标识符、发送时间、服务提供者表示、广告等等。在不能通过频带外消息方案发送语音消息的情况下,聊天服务器复合体204可以用文本内容替换语音内容。在可以使用语音到文本服务时,聊天服务器复合体204可以完整地使用得到的文本消息或将其截断。否则,聊天服务器复合体204可以使用讨论的表示。例如,它可以丢弃语音部分并只发送文本部分,这类似于聊天历史显示在接收到向内的语音消息时所显示的那样。
一旦已将SMS发送到接收者的传统移动终端1502,在传统移动终端1502本地的SMS应用截获SMS并通知用户允许用户读取该消息的内容,SMS应用通常驻留在应用存储中并在终端1502内的CPU上执行。接收者可以使用传统移动终端1502上的SMS应用来响应该消息。在该情况,应用使用由聊天服务器复合体204提供的初始的向内的SMS中的源地址来构建目标为发送者的回复SMS。在此情况,消息不回到聊天服务器复合体204。相反,回复SMS通过无线网络运营商网络202直接发送到目标移动终端100。在响应到达目标移动终端100时,聊天应用截获消息并在图11中所述的聊天历史显示中将其作为向内的消息进行显示。
某些移动终端不允许聊天应用访问频带外消息系统。在该情况,用户必须使用本地的频带外应用进行响应,在两个应用之间移动消息(部分或全部地),或在应用中管理消息。
目前大部分SMS系统都不包括允许聊天服务器复合体204可预测地嵌入可以出现在从传统移动终端1502发回的SMS响应中的任何信息(如线程标识符、接收者列表等等)所需的元素。因此,回复SMS不保证具有允许移动终端100上的聊天应用程序绑定向内的消息和现有线程的任何标识符。结果,消息可能作为新线程中的新消息出现在聊天历史显示中。移动终端100上的客户机在这些条件下可以代表传统移动终端1502产生线程标识符。在用户回复时,将新消息和传统移动终端1502的地址(即,回复SMS地址的源地址)发送到聊天服务器复合体204。
在另外的实施例中,聊天服务器复合体204将不像较佳实施例中所述的那样把发送者的移动地址当作SMS源地址。相反,聊天服务器复合体204可以使用长码或短码。在此情况,将来自传统移动终端1502的SMS回复发回服务器复合体204。聊天服务器复合体204可以使用各种现有的技术通过代码对来自传统移动终端1502的消息进行多路分解,以绑定回复SMS和现有线程。在此情况,聊天服务器复合体204中的消息广播器303可以通过适当的信道将消息广播回到线程中的所有参与者。例如,如果有另一个传统移动设备参与该线程,则消息广播器303可以按如上所述通过SMS聚合器1501发送该消息。
消息广播器303的传统集成的角色可以在移动终端100而不是聊天服务器复合体204处执行。在此情况,移动终端100不使用SMS聚合器1501。相反,对每个目标传统移动终端1502,移动终端100可以将SMS直接输入到至少一个无线网络运营商网络202。
可以使用其他频带外的通讯机制,如电子邮件、多媒体消息服务(MMS)等等。在这些情况下,可以用其他网关形式替换SMS聚合器1501。允许在来自传统终端的回复消息中嵌入其他信息的其他发送机制进一步允许系统绑定回复和现有线程。
某些移动终端100碰到的问题是当用户在终端100上发起另一个非聊天应用时丢失应用上下文。例如,当移动终端100上的用户接收到进入的电话呼叫时,移动终端100可能丢弃数据连接资源,挂起或终止聊天程序的执行,和/或禁用聊天应用和聊天服务器复合体204通讯和完成聊天活动。在此情况,用户可以在几乎没有能感觉得到的活动时关闭聊天应用,或聊天程序可以自动断开连接以释放资源,如在此所述。因此,曾被视为能够根据在此揭示的系统进行聊天的移动终端100可能以和传统移动终端1501不可区分的方式工作。上面作为作为集成聊天环境和传统移动终端1502的方法说明的技术在这些情况下也可以应用。消息的频带外发送(例如,通过SMS)对用户是很大的帮助。它通知接收者聊天线程正在进行。然后用户可以选择重新激活聊天程序并恢复聊天会话。另外,如果不可能或不方便进行恢复,用户仍然可以选择使用可用的频带外机制来参与。在聊天应用访问进入的频带外消息的情况,移动终端100上的聊天应用可以抽取内容并将其放置在聊天历史显示中。它也允许接收者回复发送者。可以将回复作为频带外消息通过在此揭示的聊天系统发回,或可以通过聊天系统将其作为向外的消息500频带发回。
在移动终端100上由在线状态标志904和911表示的在线状态702描述在线状态。在线状态在这样的上下文中指示用户能够接收向内的消息500(及可选地包括向内的消息500的类型)。指示不在线的状态在这样的上下文中描述用户不能接收向内的消息500(或其特殊类型)的事实。因此,系统丢弃目标为不在线的用户的消息,或存储该消息一段时间,直到用户再次在线。例如,系统可以不断尝试发送消息(甚至到传统移动终端1502)。另外,有可能不能确定传统移动终端1502的在线状态(如现有技术所定义)。进一步来说,应理解,在线状态(如现有技术所定义)的有用性在移动终端100(和1502)在大多数时间陪伴用户的情况下在某种程度上减少。
在线状态702可以实现上述的在线状态。另外,系统可以使用在线状态702和在线状态标志904和911来传递其他信息,如消息发送类型。为了实现此目的,向移动终端100上的用户提供系统可能用于发送消息的方法(如使用通过无线包数据进行的频带内通讯或通过频带外方法,如SMS、电子邮件等等)的表示。它也提供可能发送的消息的子集或类型的表示。例如,SMS-纯文本表示可以指示只有消息的文本部分可以通过SMS发送到目标接收者。因此,任何附件(如,图片)和向外的消息400的任何语音成分都可能被丢弃或不发送到目标接收者。这样的表示更适合于移动用户。例如,它可能向用户表明和发送消息相关的成本、期望延迟和/或服务质量。
图16-17展示本发明较佳实施例的聊天历史/文本编辑器显示组合。
图16展示第一种显示模式中的终端屏幕1600。在第一种显示模式中,屏幕1600呈现聊天历史1602及图形用户接口(GUI)控件1604。如在此所述,在屏幕1600上也可以呈现其他信息。如例子中所示,聊天会话历史1602包括一系列当前聊天组的参与者发布的消息。如上所述,显示出的消息标识发送者并展示出所发布的文本。
通过激活GUI控件1604,用户可以选择性地将终端屏幕1600设置为第二种模式,如图17所示。例如,在较佳实施例中,用户可以通过选择列表控件1604来回复消息或撰写新消息选项。在第二种模式中,屏幕1600同时呈现聊天历史1702和文本编辑区域1704。在呈现文本编辑区域1704时,聊天历史1702可以继续得到更新并在屏幕上滚动。同时也激活移动终端上的文本编辑器,以使得用户可以在编辑区域1704中撰写一个或多个文本消息,而同时可以查看进展中的聊天历史1702。GUI控件1604允许用户将在文本编辑区域1704中撰写的消息发布到聊天会话中。然后以时间顺序在聊天历史1702中显示它们。较佳地,一旦用户使用GUI控件1604发送了消息,用户就可以关闭文本编辑器从而收起文本编辑区域1704,以使得移除文本编辑区域1704且屏幕自动切换回第一种模式。然后可以扩展聊天历史1702,使其占据整个屏幕区域。
较佳地,可以使用移动终端GUI上用户可选择的区域在第一种模式和第二种模式之间切换屏幕1600,这些区域如下拉菜单或工具栏中包含的按钮或选项。然而,其他用户可操作的开关,如瞬间接触开关、小键盘按钮、可配置的软按键等等,都可以用于切换终端显示屏的模式。
图16-17中展示的显示模式功能可以通过包含在移动终端内的软件实现,并较佳地,通过聊天客户机应用实现。
上面对本发明原理应用的说明只是演示性的。本领域的普通技术人员可以实现其他配置和方法而不偏离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (9)

1.在无线移动终端的显示屏上呈现聊天会话的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
在显示屏上显示逐渐更新的聊天会话,因此包括在会话中的消息在显示上滚动;
提供用于选择性地激活编辑文本消息功能的用户可操作的开关;及
在显示屏的一部分呈现文本编辑区域,同时在显示屏另一部分继续显示聊天会话,以响应用户通过用户可操作的开关激活编辑文本消息功能。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述用户可操作的开关是显示屏呈现的图形用户接口中的用户可选择的区域。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括:
提供允许用户在聊天会话进行的同时在文本编辑区域内撰写消息的文本编辑接口。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述消息是对聊天会话的响应。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括:
提供用于选择性地关闭编辑文本消息功能的用户可操作的开关;及
移除文本编辑区域并扩展聊天会话,使其重新占据移除的文本编辑区域在屏幕上的空间,以响应用户通过用户可操作的开关关闭编辑文本消息功能。
6.一种无线移动终端,其特征在于,所述无线移动终端包括:
显示屏;
在显示屏上显示在更新的聊天会话,因此包括在会话中的消息在显示上滚动的方法;
用于选择性地激活文本编辑区域的用户可操作的开关;及
在显示屏的一部分呈现文本编辑区域而在显示屏的另一部分继续显示聊天会话,以响应用户可操作的开关的方法。
7.如权利要求6所述的无线移动终端,其特征在于,所述用户可操作的开关是在显示屏上呈现的图形用户接口中的用户可选择的区域。
8.如权利要求6所述的无线移动终端,其特征在于,进一步包括:
允许用户在聊天会话进行的同时在文本编辑区域中撰写消息的文本编辑器。
9.如权利要求6所述的无线移动终端,其特征在于,所述消息是对聊天会话的响应。
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US20140331150A1 (en) 2014-11-06
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