CN1708569A - 自破坏型滤饼 - Google Patents

自破坏型滤饼 Download PDF

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CN1708569A
CN1708569A CN200380102276.0A CN200380102276A CN1708569A CN 1708569 A CN1708569 A CN 1708569A CN 200380102276 A CN200380102276 A CN 200380102276A CN 1708569 A CN1708569 A CN 1708569A
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迪安·威尔伯格
基思·迪斯穆克
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Schlumberger Technology BV
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Abstract

本发明提供了用于井筒和地下地层中自破坏型防滤失剂和滤饼的组合物和方法。所述防滤失剂和滤饼由粒状固体酸－前体如聚乳酸或聚乙醇酸，以及粒状固体酸－反应性物质如氧化镁或碳酸钙的混合物形成。在水存在下，固体酸－前体水解并溶解，产生酸，然后溶解固体酸－反应性物质。所述组合物用于油田处理如钻井、完井和增产中，在不再需要它时使其消失，而无需使用机械方式或注入另外的流体。

Description

自破坏型滤饼
发明背景
本发明涉及用于在井筒和地下地层中产生自破坏型(self-destructing)滤饼的组合物和方法。更具体地，本发明涉及注入形成滤饼的含固体的流体的方法和组合物，其中在形成滤饼后产生酸。最终，本发明涉及在油田应用中使用所述组合物和方法。
在许多油田应用中，在井筒、近井筒区域或在地层的一层或多层岩层中需要滤饼。这些应用是指在井处理期间，没有滤饼的情况下，流体会以不合要求的速率漏失至多孔岩石中。该处理包括钻井、套管钻进(drill-in)、完井、增产(例如，水力压裂或基岩溶蚀(matrix dissolution))、防砂(例如砾石充填、压裂充填(frac-packing)和地层砂胶结(sand consolidation))、转向(diversion)、防垢(scale control)、防水(water control)，以及其它。通常，在完成这些处理后，继续存在滤饼是不合要求的或不可接受的。
通常将固态、不溶的物质(可称为防滤失剂(fluid loss additive)和滤饼组分)加入到这些处理中使用的流体中，以形成滤饼，尽管有时流体中可溶(或至少是高度分散的)组分(例如聚合物或交联聚合物)可形成滤饼。通常通过机械方式(刮削、喷射等)，随后加入含有溶解至少一部分滤饼的试剂(如酸、碱或酶)的流体，或者通过控制滤饼物理状态(例如，通过乳液转相(emulsioninversion))来除去滤饼。这些去除方法一般要求工具或加入另外的流体(例如改变pH或加入化学物质)。这有时可在井筒中完成，但在支撑物或砾石充填中通常不能完成。有时操作者可以依靠产生的流体的流动(其与放置滤饼时流体的流动方向相反)来疏松滤饼或溶解滤饼(例如，如果它是可溶盐的时候)。然而，这些方法要求流体流动，并常常使得滤饼去除缓慢且不完全。有时可将破裂剂(breaker)结合到滤饼中，但它们一般必须被延迟(例如因酯化或包胶(encapsulation))，而且通常是昂贵的和/或难以安置和/或难以触发。
需要新的组合物和方法，其中滤饼由至少两种组分形成，其中的一种缓慢地与水反应，而其中的第二种与第一种的反应产物反应，以自发地破坏滤饼。
发明内容
一种实施方案是包括第一固体和第二固体的油田处理组合物，所述第一固体是丙交酯、乙交酯、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚乳酸和聚乙醇酸的共聚物、乙醇酸和其它含有羟基、羧酸或羟基羧酸的部分的共聚物、乳酸和其它含有羟基、羧酸或羟基羧酸的部分的共聚物、上述物质的混合物中的一种或多种，所述第二固体与酸反应。我们称前者为“固体酸-前体”，而后者为“固体酸-反应性物质”。在另一实施方案中，固体酸-反应性物质能够至少部分溶于含水流体中。在又一实施方案中，固体酸-反应性物质促进固体酸-前体形成酸。在本发明另一实施方式中，形成了固体颗粒或纤维或其它形状的本发明固体酸-前体，其包括在油田处理中有用的其它物质如固体酸-反应性物质，例如碳酸钙、氢氧化铝、氧化镁、草酸钙、磷酸钙、偏磷酸铝、多磷酸钠锌钾玻璃和多磷酸钠钙镁玻璃。可以涂覆或包胶油田处理组合物(包括油田处理组合物与其它物质混合或含有其它物质的实施方案)中的固体酸-前体。
本发明的方法包括在处理流体中结合固体酸-前体和酸-反应性物质，以在钻井、套管钻进和完井处理中，在水力压裂处理中，在转向处理中，在防垢处理中，在防水处理中，在基岩溶蚀处理中，在地层砂胶结处理中，在压裂充填处理中和在砾石充填处理中形成滤饼，以发生延迟酸的产生，从而在钻井、完井、压裂、转向或防砂之后，延迟破坏至少部分滤饼。其它实施方案包括结合使用产生酸的固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质作为产生酸的防滤失剂组分，以在其使用之后破坏一部分或所有的防滤失剂。另外的实施方案包括结合使用产生酸的固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质作为钻井液、钻井液、完井液、转向液和增产液的组分，以使固体酸-前体形成部分滤饼，然后在滤饼中形成酸，从而与固体酸-反应性物质反应，并在适当的延迟后破坏部分或全部的滤饼。
附图说明
图1示出了各种有机酸溶解方解石的能力。
具体实施方式
当需要时或在需要处，可在井下产生的酸的优良来源是某些有机酸的固体环状二聚体或固体聚合物，它们在已知和可控的温度、时间和pH条件下形成有机酸。我们称这些固体物质为“酸-前体”，并且我们称在井下酸的形成为“延迟产生酸”。合适的固体酸-前体的一个实例是乳酸的固体环状二聚体(称为“丙交酯”)，其熔点为95-125℃(与光学活性有关)。另一实例是乳酸的聚合物(有时称为聚乳酸(或“PLA”)或聚乳酸酯(polylactate)或聚丙交酯)。另一个实例是乙醇酸的固体环状二聚体(称为“乙交酯”)，其熔点大约为86℃。还有一实例是乙醇酸(羟基乙酸)的聚合物，也已知为聚乙醇酸(“PGA”)或聚乙交酯。另一实例是乳酸和乙醇酸的共聚物。这些聚合物和共聚物都为聚酯类。
Cargill Dow，Minnetonka，MN，USA生产固体环状乳酸二聚物(称为“丙交酯”)，并由其生产不同分子量和结晶度的乳酸聚合物或聚乳酸酯，通用商品名为NATUREWORKSTM PLA。尽管在本发明的实施方案中可以使用任何聚丙交酯(由任何制造商采用任何方法制得的)，任何结晶度、任何分子量的材料，但目前从Cargill Dow购买的PLA的分子量高达约100,000。PLA聚合物在室温下是固体，并且经水水解形成乳酸。从Cargill Dow购买的那些PLA通常具有大约120℃至170℃的晶体熔化温度，但也可购得其它的PLA。从Bio-Invigor，北京和台湾可购买到分子量高达500000的聚(d，l-丙交酯)。Bio-Invigor还供应聚乙醇酸(也称为聚乙交酯)和各种乳酸和乙醇酸的共聚物，常称为“polyglactin”或聚(丙交酯-共-乙交酯)，所有这些材料的水解反应速率由分子量、结晶度(晶体和非晶物质的比例)、物理形态(固体的尺寸和形状)决定，并且在聚丙交酯的情况中，还由两种光学异构体的量决定。(自然产生的l-丙交酯形成部分结晶聚合物；合成的d，l-丙交酯形成非晶聚合物。)非晶区比晶体区更容易水解。较低的分子量、较小的结晶度和较大的表面-质量比都会引起更快的水解。升高温度、加入酸或碱，或加入与水解产物反应的物质可加快水解。
均聚物更易结晶；共聚物趋向为非晶，除非它们是嵌段共聚物。可以通过均聚物的制造方法，以及共聚物的制造方法、丙交酯和乙交酯的比例和分布来控制结晶度的范围。聚乙交酯可以制成多孔形态。水解前一些聚合物在水中溶解得非常缓慢。
适合用作固体酸-前体的其它材料是那些在美国专利4,848,467、4,957,165和4,986,355中描述的羟基乙酸(乙醇酸)与自身或者与其它含有羟基、羧酸或羟基羧酸的部分的聚合物。
在许多油田应用中，在处理期间需要防滤失剂和滤饼，但在处理后，希望基本上除去防滤失剂或滤饼。为了制得防滤失剂和滤饼组分，将酸-可溶性或酸-反应性物质与固体酸-前体混合或结合到固体酸-前体中，所述酸-可溶性或酸-反应性物质：例如但不限于氧化镁、氢氧化铝、方解石、草酸钙、磷酸钙、偏磷酸铝、多磷酸钠锌钾玻璃和多磷酸钠钙镁玻璃，所述固体酸-前体：例如乳酸或乙醇酸的环状酯二聚体，或者乳酸或乙醇酸的均聚物或共聚物。在油田作业中将这些防滤失剂和滤饼组分加至注入地下的流体中。在预选的位置和时间，至少一部分的固体酸-前体以可控制的速率慢慢水解，以释放出酸。然后酸与至少一部分酸-反应性物质反应并溶解。结果是溶解了固体酸-前体和酸-反应性固体物质两者中的至少一部分。我们将这称为混合物的“自破坏”。这些物质的特性用于改进许多油田处理。优选大部分或全部最初加入的这些固体物质在处理结束时不再存在。既不需要水解所有的固体酸-前体，也不需要溶解所有的固体酸-反应性物质。仅仅需要任何一种有足够量不再是滤饼的固体部分，从而滤饼不再形成对流体流动有害的阻碍。
一种或多种固体酸-前体和一种或多种固体酸-反应性物质的混合物可以是单独组分的单独颗粒的纯物理状态的混合物(physical mixture)。也可以这样制造混合物，使一种或多种固体酸-前体和一种或多种固体酸-反应性物质存在各颗粒中；这称为“结合混合物”。可以通过非限制性实施例，通过用固体酸-前体涂覆酸-反应性物质，或者通过加热物理状态的混合物直到固体酸-前体熔化、充分混合、冷却和粉碎来制备该混合物。例如，在工业上通常进行共挤出聚合物与无机填料如滑石或碳酸盐，从而使它们具有不同的光学性质、热和/或机械性能。聚合物和固体的这类混合物一般称为“填充聚合物(filled polymer)”。在固体酸-反应性物质完全包封在固体酸-前体内时，该固体酸-反应性物质可以是水溶性的，例如硼酸或硼砂。在任何情况下，混合物中组分的分布优选为尽可能均匀。可以根据情形调节这些组分的相对量，以控制固体酸-前体水解速率和固体酸-反应性物质的溶解速率和程度。最重要的因素是进行处理的温度、含水流体或将与混合物接触的流体的组成，以及溶解混合物所需的时间。
固体酸-前体或固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的混合物可以制成各种固体形状，包括但不限于纤维、珠、膜、带和板(platelet)。可以涂覆固体酸-前体或固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的混合物以进一步减缓水解。合适的涂料包括polycaprolate(乙交酯和ε-己内酯的共聚物)和硬脂酸钙，两者都是憎水的。Polycaprolate本身缓慢水解。通过任何方式在固体酸-前体或固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的混合物的表面上产生憎水层可以延迟水解。注意涂覆在此可以指包封，或者仅仅通过化学反应或通过形成或加上另一种材料的薄膜来改变表面。延迟固体酸-前体水解并释放酸的另一种合适的方法是：任选用憎水涂层，将固体酸-前体悬浮在油中或乳状液的油相中。在水和固体酸-前体接触前，不会发生水解和酸的释放。
本发明的实施方案的组合物和方法的优势在于：对于给定的油田处理，可以从许多可得的材料中容易选择合适的固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质。在特定温度下，并与特定组成的流体或多种流体(例如pH，以及其它组分的浓度和性质，特别是电解质的浓度和性质)接触时，从具有特定化学和物理洗性质的特定固体酸-前体或固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的特定组合物(包括涂层，如果存在的话)产生酸的速率容易通过简单的方法来确定：即在处理条件下将酸-前体暴露于该流体或该多种流体中，然后监测酸的释放。固体酸-反应性物质的溶解速率可以通过类似的因素(例如通过固体酸-反应性物质的选择、各物质的比例、粒径、固体酸-反应性物质的煅烧和涂敷)来控制，并且通过相似的试验快速并很容易地测定。自然地选择固体酸-前体：a)以所需的速率产生酸(需要时在适当的延迟之后)和b)与流体的其它组分相容且不干扰它们的功能。选择酸-反应性物质，酸-反应性物质以适当速率溶解在展开的流体(evolving fluid)中并与流体的其它组分的功能相容。这可以用下述的方法得到。
混合物在原位(in situ)，即在其所处的位置自破坏。该位置可以是在井筒、孔眼(perforation)、砾石充填或压裂中的处理流体的部分悬浮液；或者作为井筒或裂缝壁上滤饼的一部分；或者在地层本身的空隙中。该混合物可使用在碳酸岩和砂岩中。如果所述地层明显是酸溶性的，则可调节混合物的量或混合物中固体酸-前体的量，以补充与地层反应中酸的消耗。在使用中，即使颗粒要成为滤饼的一部分，结束时它们可以在其它位置，在那里由于它们阻碍流体流动，因此通常是不合需要的，因而要求在全部位置发生自破坏。
混合物中各组分的粒径可以相同或不同。由于组合物或结合组合物中各组分的粒径与作为防滤失剂和作为滤饼形成物组分的用途相关，所以组合物或结合组合物中各组分的粒径主要取决于滤饼即将沉积在其上的岩石的孔径分布，以及是否打算消除或只降低滤失量(fluid loss)。对于常规防滤失剂和滤饼组分，选择最佳粒径或粒径分布的方法和标准是公知的。对于本发明的实施方案，可以选择其它的粒径；作为折衷，可以选择这样的粒径或粒径分布，其介于对于滤失量控制或滤饼形成最佳的那些粒径或粒径分布，和对于以所需时间和速率自破坏最佳的那些粒径或粒径分布之间。在实验室中，很容易测量给定温度下，给定流体中的自破坏速率。
这些材料的特别优势在于：固体酸-前体和产生的酸是无毒的且是生物可降解的。固体酸-前体常常用作自溶解的缝合材料(suture)。
固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质用作防滤失剂，任选与其它材料结合作为滤饼形成组合物的组分。将颗粒、纤维状、膜状、带状或其它形状的混合物加入钻井、完井或增产液中，以在油藏钻井、套管钻进或增产操作期间防止或最小化漏失--但从长远看，它们会溶解并最终清除而无需额外的处理步骤。另外，如果以产生溶解酸-反应性组分所需的过量酸的方式配制混合物，那么由水解产生的过量酸，通过浸蚀自然形成的断裂面或井筒处地层的表面，使地层(如果地层中含有酸可溶的物质的话)增产。产生过量酸的混合物对钻探、“套管钻进”和增产操作碳酸盐岩油藏，特别是断裂的碳酸盐岩特别有用。此外，可以向流体或向颗粒中加入合适量的缓冲剂，以抵消由固体酸-前体的早期水解产生的酸的作用。
类似地，自破坏型滤失剂和滤饼形成添加剂可针对钻井、完井、井筒插入(wellbore intervention)和压裂操作来制备。自破坏钻井液包括固体酸-前体和酸可溶性颗粒材料的混合物，例如但不限于CaCO3、氢氧化铝或氧化镁。该流体产生化学亚稳态的滤饼，该滤饼在钻井过程期间防止液体漏失和地层破坏，但随着时间的流逝很容易清除掉。当固体酸-前体水解时，它形成腐蚀碳酸盐和其它颗粒的酸，因为沉积期间碳酸盐和其它物质混杂在一起，由于固体酸-前体和碳酸盐或其它颗粒在沉积期间混杂在一起，因此清除过程是均匀且大范围的。在特别优选的实施方案中，酸可溶性物质在原位产生的酸中具有高的溶解性，即给定量的酸溶解大量酸可溶性物质。
在水力压裂、压裂充填和砾石充填的实施方案中，在整个处理过程或仅仅是支撑剂或砾石充填阶段的某些阶段可将固体酸-前体加入至前置液(pad)中。在任何所有这些应用中，固体酸-前体或混合物可以是纤维，并且会延迟支撑剂或砾石和/或细屑(如果存在的话)的回流(flowback)，直到该固体酸-前体水解及混合物溶解。在水力压裂、压裂充填和砾石充填中，自破坏型防滤失剂和滤饼特别有用，因为机械去除方法是不可行的，而且涉及将防滤失剂和滤饼与另外的流体接触的方法也是不实际的。例如，已知方解石是良好的防滤失剂，但方解石即使在150℃也是不溶于水的。多年来在钻井液中使用方解石形成滤饼，随后用酸除去该滤饼。此外，如聚乙醇酸等固体酸-前体在高温下软化并变形，而一些材料如氧化镁的颗粒是坚硬的。软化的聚乙醇酸的变形俘获氧化镁，并使其成为更好的防滤失剂和滤饼形成物。
本发明有多种组合物实施方案。在最简单的实施方案中，在钻井液中混合一定尺寸的颗粒、珠、纤维、板或带(或其它形状)的固体酸-前体和一定尺寸的碳酸钙颗粒。制备包含固体酸-前体和酸可溶性粒状材料的颗粒也在本发明的范围内，例如共挤出用于所述功能的颗粒、纤维、板或带等形状的碳酸钙和固体酸-前体的混合物(任选之后再粉碎)。也可以使用由固体酸-前体涂覆的碳酸钙或其它固体酸-反应性材料。在这些使用中，也可以利用滤饼中颗粒的堆积紧密性，通过影响反应物和产物的局部浓度、对流和其它的因素来控制酸的生成速率和颗粒的溶解速率。
在防滤失剂和滤饼中使用本发明混合物的另一优势在于：在自破坏过程中产生的酸可起聚合或粘弹性表面活性剂增产剂的破裂剂的作用。已知酸损害或破坏稠化钻井液、完井液和增产液的合成聚合物和生物聚合物。还已知酸损害或破坏胶束/囊泡(vesicle)结构，该胶束/囊泡结构是由粘弹性表面活性剂，或者在一些情况下由表面活性剂本身形成的。
当在例如钻井、套管钻进、完井、增产(如水力压裂或基岩溶蚀)、防砂(如砾石充填、压裂充填和胶结)、转向和其它处理的流体中使用固体酸-前体或固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的混合物时，该固体酸-前体或固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的混合物最初对流体中的其它组分是惰性的，因此可用通常的方式制备并使用其它流体。通常，这种流体已经含有防滤失剂和滤饼形成物，因此固体酸-前体或固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的混合物替代了部分或全部在其它情形下已使用的防滤失剂和滤饼形成物。在许多情况下，如果流体含有能影响固体酸-前体或固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的混合物的组分，或受其影响的组分(如在滤饼中形成或结合的缓冲剂、另外的酸-反应性物质或增产剂)，可以调节固体酸-前体或固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的混合物的数量或性质，或者干扰或被干扰组分的数量或性质，以补偿它们之间的相互作用。这通过简单的实验室实验很容易确定。
尽管就产油和/或气的井描述了本发明的组合物和方法的实施方案，但该组合物和方法还有其它的用途，例如它们可以用于注入井(如用于提高回收或者用于储存或处理)和其它流体如二氧化碳或水的生产井中。
实施例1.油田处理中，乳酸没有甲酸、乙酸和柠檬酸常用。进行试验以确定乳酸在82℃下对方解石的溶解能力。图1示出了用试剂纯的乳酸溶解的方解石的浓度(以ppm计)与水中酸的重量百分的关系。乳酸溶解方解石的能力与乙酸或甲酸相似，比柠檬酸高得多。这些试验表明从乳酸酯聚合物中产生的乳酸对碳酸钙的溶解是有效的。
实施例2.进行实验(表1)评估PLA的水解速率，并比较在加入或未加入方解石时PLA的水解速率。PLA是购自Cargill Dow，Minnetonka，MN，USA的NATUREWORKSTM PLA Polylactide Resin 4042D，D-乳酸和L-乳酸的聚合混合物。使用的材料是直径为大约4mm的珠子。方解石是试剂纯的粉末。在使用时，将45.04克PLA和20克方解石加入到500ml的蒸馏水中。显示的时间为100％水解时的时间。
表1
  组成   121℃   135℃   149℃
  PLA   在大于2小时内溶解   在大于2小时内溶解   在小于2小时内溶解
  PLA+方解石   在大于2小时30分钟内溶解   在大于2小时30分钟内溶解 在小于45分钟内溶解
  方解石   不溶解   不溶解   不溶解
结果显示该固体酸-前体在适合用作自破坏型防滤失剂和滤饼形成物的速率下水解和溶解。此外，在这些条件下不溶于水的方解石加速了PLA的水解速率，并且它本身也在生成的酸中溶解。
实施例3.进行实验确定作为防滤失剂的各种材料的适用性。实验条件和结果如表2所示。将Berea砂岩的岩芯(长为2.54cm，且直径为2.54cm)装入API静态滤失池(static fluid loss cell)中。将岩芯用2％的KCl盐水冲洗，加热至指定温度，并在5ml/min的流速下测定盐水的渗透率。然后在6.895MPa的恒定压力下注入该指定流体。用天平测定流出液体的重量，并随时间的变化记录该重量。用两种方式表征漏失量：“瞬时滤失量(spurt)”和“壁流量(wall)”，“瞬时滤失量”是在岩芯表面上形成滤饼阻碍物之前，最初快速漏失的流体量(由最初30分钟内的漏失流体的克数表示)，而“壁流量”是即使在形成滤饼后，产生的随后漏失量(由15～30分钟之间的漏失的流体，克/分钟表示)。
在表2中示出的所有浓度都是以重量百分比表示的。在所有实验中使用的表面活性剂为购自供应商(Rhodia，Inc.Cranbury，New Jersey，U.S.A.)的Mirataine BET-E-40；它含有40％的活性成分(二十二碳烯基酰氨基丙基甜菜碱)，余下部分基本上为水、氯化钠和异丙醇。所用的MgO是购自MartinMarietta Magnesia Specialties LLC，Baltimore，MD，USA的MagChem 35。所用的PGA是由供应商命名的Dupont TLF 6267，其为分子量大约为600且平均粒径大约为8～15微米的晶体物质。所用的Al(OH)3购自Aldrich。它的平均粒径大约为40微米。PGA和固体酸-反应性物质作为单独颗粒添加的。在实验25中使用的缓冲剂是倍半碳酸钠。
这些数据显示：所有的PGA和氧化镁、一定尺寸的碳酸钙或氢氧化铝的混合物都是良好的防滤失剂，并且形成了能非常有效地降低了通过岩芯流量的滤饼。(没有添加剂时，在30分钟的测试中通过100mD的流量大于100g。)在几种温度下，在具有大范围的很高的渗透率的岩芯中，不同的总浓度及固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的比例下，防滤失剂和滤饼形成物是有效的。它们降低了瞬时滤失量和随后的漏失量。此外，当使用本发明的组合物时，仅需要较低浓度的表面活性剂。
表2
                                         实验                        结果
  测试标志 运行次数   配方   温度   渗透率   g/30min ″瞬时滤失量″g ″壁流量″g/min
  7598-11   1   3％表面活性剂+0.5％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6C   167mD   17
  7598-113   2   3％表面活性剂+0.5％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   137   23
  7598-114   3   3％表面活性剂+0.5％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   152   11   2   0.29
  7598-115   4   3％表面活性剂+0.5％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   106   13
  7598-17   5   6％表面活性剂+0.5％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   235   12
  7598-171   6   3％表面活性剂+0.5％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   230   22
  7598-172   7   3％表面活性剂+0.5％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   210   34
  7598-18   8   6％表面活性剂+0.5％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   209   11
  7598-19   9   6％表面活性剂+0.5％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   211   31
  7598-21   10   6％表面活性剂+0.5％MgO   65.6   125   23   7.5   0.37
  7598-231   11   6％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   42   5.5
  7598-232   12   6％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   171   6   2   0.088
  7598-233   13   6％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   306   7
  7598-24   14   3％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％MgO   65.6   246   19
  7598-25   15   6％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％MgO   93.3   29   7
  7598-251   16   6％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％MgO   93.3   126   7.5
  7598-252   17   6％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％MgO   93.3   299   9.5
  7598-28   18   3％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％MgO   93.3   51   17
  7598-281   19   3％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％MgO   93.3   119   18
  7598-29   20   3％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％MgO   93.3   300   20
  7598-31A   21   3％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％CaCO3(2微米)   65.6   48   29   7.5   0.52
  7598-31B   22   3％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％CaCO3(10微米)   65.6   40   26
  7598-31C   23   6％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％CaCO3(10微米)   65.6   43   11   2.5   0.21
  7598-31D   24   3％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％CaCO3(2微米)+0.15％MgO   65.6   107   31
  7598-39B   25   3％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％Al(OH)3+0.2％缓冲剂   65.6   117   34   6   0.64
  7598-39C   26   3％表面活性剂+0.2％PGA+0.4％Al(OH)3   65.6   128   74   8   1.25

Claims (10)

1.一种油田处理组合物，包含固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质的混合物。
2.权利要求1的组合物，其中混合物是颗粒的物理状态的混合物。
3.权利要求1的组合物，其中固体酸-前体和固体酸-反应性物质存在于同一颗粒中。
4.权利要求3的组合物，其中固体酸-前体包裹着固体酸-反应性物质。
5.权利要求4的组合物，其中固体酸-反应性物质是溶于水的。
6.权利要求5的组合物，其中固体酸-反应性物质是硼酸或硼砂。
7.权利要求1-7中任一项的组合物，其中固体酸-前体选自丙交酯、乙交酯、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚乳酸和聚乙醇酸的共聚物、乙醇酸和其它含有羟基、羧酸或羟基羧酸的部分的共聚物、乳酸和其它含有羟基、羧酸或羟基羧酸的部分的共聚物，及其混合物。
8.权利要求1-4和7中任一项的组合物，其中固体酸-反应性物质选自氢氧化镁、碳酸钙、氢氧化铝、草酸钙、磷酸钙、偏磷酸铝、多磷酸钠锌钾玻璃和多磷酸钠钙镁玻璃。
9.上述权利要求中任一项的组合物，其中固体酸-前体涂敷有水解-延迟材料。
10.一种油田处理方法，其中滤饼形成在地下地层的表面上且至少部分被破坏，该方法包括：
a)制备油田处理流体，该流体包括：
i)固体酸-前体，和
ii)固体酸-反应性物质；
b)将所述油田处理流体注入穿透所述地层的井筒，使所述流体与所述地层的表面接触；
c)在所述地层的表面上形成滤饼；以及
d)使至少一部分固体酸-前体水解，由此溶解至少一部分所述固体酸-反应性物质。
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NO337717B1 (no) 2016-06-06
CA2502159A1 (en) 2004-05-06
WO2004038176A1 (en) 2004-05-06
EA007303B1 (ru) 2006-08-25
NO338985B1 (no) 2016-11-07
EA200500735A1 (ru) 2005-10-27
US20060229212A1 (en) 2006-10-12
US20040106525A1 (en) 2004-06-03
US7482311B2 (en) 2009-01-27
MXPA05003835A (es) 2005-06-22
US7166560B2 (en) 2007-01-23
CA2502228A1 (en) 2004-05-06
US7265079B2 (en) 2007-09-04
AU2003278106A1 (en) 2004-05-13
EA200500731A1 (ru) 2006-04-28
NO20051729L (no) 2005-05-26
ATE350428T1 (de) 2007-01-15
CA2502159C (en) 2008-07-15
EP1556458B1 (en) 2007-01-03
DE60310978D1 (de) 2007-02-15
WO2004037946A1 (en) 2004-05-06
CN1708632B (zh) 2010-12-08
NO20051703L (no) 2005-05-26
AU2003286141A1 (en) 2004-05-13
CN100378189C (zh) 2008-04-02
DE60322732D1 (de) 2008-09-18
CA2502228C (en) 2011-04-19
ATE403710T1 (de) 2008-08-15

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