CN1711518A - 声波型接触检测装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
FPC4由分支线4a、4b和连接于控制器6的连接线4c构成。连接线4c的十条印刷布线64中,四条印刷布线64d~64g是连接于作为传感器的转换器12、14的接收线,这些印刷布线64d~64g的两侧配置接地用的印刷布线64c、64h。而且,此接地用的印刷布线64c、64h的外侧配置信号线64b、64i,再在其外侧分别配置接地用的印刷布线64a、64j,从而形成包围信号线的屏蔽。此关系在分支线4a、4b中也维持。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及超声波方式的触摸屏等用于以声音检测接触位置的声波型接触检测装置。
背景技术
采用超声波的声波型接触检测装置用于例如:个人计算机的操作画面、车站的自动售票机、设置于便利商店的复印机或者金融机构的无人终端机等。这些声波型接触检测装置中,使用包含设于玻璃等基板上的压电振动器(压电(Piezo)元件)的换能器(Transducer)。此换能器作为体波(bulk waves)的产生部件使用,同时也作为传感器,检测因触碰触摸屏的手指等而散射的声波。而且,用通过绝缘包覆绝缘的电线来连接这些转换器和控制电路的控制器。
然而,此种电线的剖面为圆形,沿着基板的边缘设置于基板上时会使体积增大,存在需要多余空间的问题。另外,存在在基板的周边部被框边(bezel)等覆盖而没有足够空间的情况,设置也会变得困难。
另外,也使用在柔性基板上印刷电路的FPC(柔性印刷电路)等的扁平电缆(Flat Cable)(例如:日本特开平6-324792号公报(第2页、图1))。
FPC用于与基板的连接时,存在外部电磁波容易进入形成于FPC的信号电路(信号线)且从信号线向外部辐射电磁波的问题。其原因在于FPC的信号线大致为露出于外部的结构所致。上述专利文献所揭示的FPC的情况是,由比FPC基材大的屏蔽电极覆盖FPC而构成。然而,此结构需要另外的构件,故装置变得昂贵。
发明内容
本申请的发明有鉴于以上问题而提出,其目的在于提供一种在基板上布线时不增加体积,耐EMI(电磁干扰)性优异的廉价的声波型接触检测装置。
本发明的声波型接触检测装置中,设有:具有声波传播的表面的基板;声波生成部件;使产生的声波沿着基板表面传播的反射阵列;检测因在表面的物体接触而产生的声波变化的检测部件;以及作为控制部件的控制器;其特征在于:声波生成部件和检测部件的至少一方与控制器之间用柔性扁平布线(Flexible Flat Wiring)连接,柔性扁平布线具有在信号线的至少单侧配置接地线的布线图案。
这里所说的平面布线包括FPC及FFC。
另外,柔性扁平布线是信号线多条并列配置而成的信号线群,同时在信号线群的两侧具有配置有接地线的布线图案。
这里所说的声波,除了传播于基板表面上的弹性表面波以外,也包含沿着基板表面传播于薄基板内的超声波。
另外,声波生成部件可包含模式变换单元及超声波振动器。此模式转换单元可由一体形成于基板的平行的多根突条构成。
另外,检测部件可采用转换器。此转换器可为粘接于基板背面的型式,或者也可为粘接在粘接于基板表面的三棱柱的一边的光楔型转换器。
本发明的声波型接触检测装置是采用柔性扁平布线连接声波生成部件和检测部件的至少一方及控制器。而且,此柔性扁平布线具有在信号线的至少单侧配置有接地线的布线图案,故信号线由接地线电磁屏蔽(遮蔽),可为耐EMI性优异的声波型接触检测装置。另外,不需要用于屏蔽的附加构造物,故可廉价地实现。
并且,柔性扁平布线具有多信号线并列配置而成的信号线群,同时在信号线群的两侧具有配置了接地线的布线图案,可有效率地集中屏蔽信号线群,使耐EMI性提升。另外,由此可使柔性扁平布线小型化。FPC的价格与其面积成比例,小型化可使其更廉价。
附图的简单说明
第一图为本发明的声波型接触检测装置所使用的触摸屏的正面图;
第二图是表示粘接于基板的FPC的正面图;
第三图是表示FPC整体的概略平面图;
第四图为放大第三图中B所示部分的FPC的部分放大图;
第五图为对应于第一图所示的反射阵列的反射阵列正面图;
第六图是与模式转换单元一起表示对应于第一图的扩散光栅的正面图;
第七图是与反射阵列一起表示扩散光栅的部分放大图;
第八图是与反射阵列一起表示扩散光栅的部分放大图;
第九图是表示扩散光栅的变形例的放大图;
第十图是表示扩散光栅与反射阵列的相对位置关系的正面图;
第十一图是表示从箭头A方向看第一图的基板的部分概略放大图。
具体实施方式
以下,参考附图说明本发明的声波型接触检测装置(以下简称为装置)的较佳实施例。
第一图为用于装置1的触摸屏3的正面图。如第一图所示,触摸屏3由矩形玻璃板构成的基板2、安装于此基板2的FPC(柔性印刷电路)4以及与此FPC4电气连接的控制部(控制器)6所构成。
FPC4分支为沿着基板2的宽度方向即图中箭头X所示的X轴方向的分支线4a,以及与X轴正交的沿着箭头Y所示的Y轴方向的分支线4b。FPC4上装有,产生超声波的转换器(体波生成部件)8、10,以及成为传感器的转换器(检测部件)12、14。
另外,沿着Y轴由许多倾斜的倾斜线16所组成的反射阵列18形成于基板2的表面,即第一图的前侧,与此反射阵列18相对,由许多倾斜线20所组成的反射阵列22分别形成于基板2的侧边44附近。并且,许多倾斜线26所组成的反射阵列28沿着x轴形成于基板2的上边缘24附近,与此反射阵列28相对的许多倾斜线30所组成的反射阵列32形成于基板2的下边45附近。这些反射阵列18、22、28、32的图案揭示于特开昭61-239322号及特开2001-14094号的各公报。再者,反射阵列18、22、28、32总称为反射阵列33。通过此反射阵列33,声波被反射并传播于基板2的表面上。
上述转换器8、10、12、14粘接于基板2的背面,对应于此转换器8、10、12、14,基板2的表面分别形成模式转换单元(光栅)78、80、82、84。关于此结构,参考第十一图,以模式转换单元80为代表进行说明。第十一图为从第一图的箭头A方向看基板2的部分概略放大图。第十一图的模式转换单元80,由多根通过烧结玻璃膏而形成于基板2上的、互相隔离的平行突条80a构成。第十一图所示的突条80a实际上在与纸面正交的方向延伸。
突条80a的宽度设为约400微米,高度设为约35微米以上。通过改变突条80a的相互间隔,体波的反射方向改变。本实施例中,在突条80a的正侧面形成产生表面弹性波的间隔。在此模式转换单元80的相反侧,转换器10连接于基板2,并通过焊锡5电气连接于FPC4的分支线4b。
其它的模式转换单元78、82、84也具有相同的结构。模式转换单元78、80、82、84中,78、80所示的模式转换单元(声波生成部件)将发送侧的转换器8、10所产生的体波转换为表面弹性波。而模式转换单元82、84将传播于基板2表面的表面弹性波(声波)再度转换为体波。
当由转换器10所发出约5.5MHz的超声波振动(体波)经由基板2的背面,通过内部到达位于基板2表面的模式转换单元80时,经模式转换单元80而转换为表面弹性波,并向与模式转换单元80的突条80a垂直的反射阵列32的方向传播(反射)。而且,通过反射阵列32的朝内侧倾斜的许多倾斜线30而反射,朝着反射阵列28而传播于基板2的表面,并到达反射阵列28的朝内侧倾斜的倾斜线26。
模式转换单元78、80中,未转换为表面弹性波而残留的体波不朝特定方向辐射,以模式转换单元78、80为中心而朝四面八方传播。若该体波的一部分传至转换器12、14,则成为可能妨碍原来的信号检测的乱真波。另外,模式转换单元78、80由上述的多根突条构成,在与这些突条基本正交的方向产生表面波,但据知在非有意的方向上产生轻微的表面波。此表面波也成为可能妨碍信号检测的乱真波。当这些乱真波到达转换器12、14时,将使转换器12、14产生噪声信号。
到达反射阵列28的表面弹性波再被反射,朝模式转换单元84传播。到达模式转换单元84的表面弹性波,经该模式转换单元84转换为体波,其振动被传播至位于基板2的背面的、成为传感器的接收侧的转换器14,经转换器14而转换为电气信号。
由转换器8所发出的超声波振动(体波),同样地经模式转换单元78而变换为表面弹性波,经过反射阵列18及反射阵列22入射到模式转换单元82。表面弹性波经该模式转换单元82而转换为体波后,传播至成为传感器的转换器12,变换为电气信号。
如此,表面弹性波平均地传播至由反射阵列18、22、28、32覆盖的基板2上的全部区域,因此,此区域内例如用手指(物体)接触(触碰)基板2时,通过此手指所遮蔽的表面弹性波则消失或者衰减,且伴随此表面弹性波的变化的信号变化由作为传感器的转换器12、14送至与传感器组合的控制器6的定时电路(未图示),通过控制器6确定手指所接触的位置的几何学座标。
表面弹性波通过反射阵列33上的各条倾斜线16、20、26、30而反射,一条倾斜线反射到达的表面弹性波的0.5~1%,其它则朝向邻接的后续的倾斜线而透过,由后续的倾斜线依次反射。
装置1中,为了降低上述噪声,在基板2的表面形成使乱真波散射并消除的乱真波散射部件,即扩散光栅。第一图中,该扩散光栅包含34、36、38所表示的矩形部分、沿着上边缘24的倾斜线40、42所组成的扩散光栅43和沿着侧边44的倾斜线46、48所组成的扩散光栅49。这些倾斜线40、42、46、48构成具有与上述反射阵列18、22、28、32不同功能的第二反射阵列。另外,在扩散光栅34、36、38内也构成第二反射阵列(第七图)。关于这些扩散光栅34、36、38、43、49的详细情况有待后述。再者,扩散光栅总体上以50表示。
其次,参考第二图至第四图,说明粘接于基板2的FPC4。第二图是表示粘接于基板2的FPC4的正面图。FPC4粘接于基板2的背面,然而为了方便起见,第二图是以实线表示。再者,第二图中省略反射阵列33和扩散光栅50。第三图是表示FPC4整体的概略平面图。第四图为放大第三图中B所示的部分的FPC4的部分放大图。第三图和第四图所示的FPC4分别对应于第二图中从基板2的背面看的FPC4的状态。
如第三图和第四图所示,FPC4的一瑞设有分别对应于成为传感器的转换器12、14的电极52、54。如上述,这些电极52、54由上方通过焊接、银膏等导电粘接剂或者各向异性导电粘接剂等连接到粘接于基板2的转换器12、14。也即,转换器12、14位于FPC4和基板2的背面之间。FPC4由上述的分支线4a、4b和连接于控制器6的连接线4c构成。
连接线4c和分支线4a具有相同长度,带状地形成一体(第三图)。连接线4c和分支线4a可通过它们之间在长度方向形成的孔眼56而分离。分支线4a的另一端形成连接转换器8的电极58,连接线4c的另一端形成连接到控制器6的电极60。另外,在分支线4b的另一瑞,形成连接到转换器10的电极62(第三图)。
如第四图所示,连接于控制器6的连接线4c的印刷布线64中,形成有十条印刷布线64a、64b、64c、64d、64e、64f、64g、64h、64i、64j。这里,要点在于由连接于作为传感器的转换器12、14的、成为接收线的4条印刷布线64d~64g构成信号线群,在此信号线群的两侧配置接地用的印刷布线64c、64h。
而且,在接地用的印刷布线64c、64h的外侧,配置成为信号线的印刷布线64b、64i,它们分别连接于发送用的转换器8、10;再在其外侧分别配置接地用的印刷布线64a、64j。这表示成为接收线(信号线)的印刷布线64d~64g被接地线64c、64h所包围,成为发送线(信号线)的印刷布线64b、64i分别被接地线64a、64c和64h、64j所包围,从而形成屏蔽。在分支线4a、4b上也维持此关系。由此,印刷布线64b、64d、64e、64f、64g、64i所构成的信号线群不易受到来自外部的电磁波的影响,另外,相反地也具有难以对外部产生电磁波的效果。通过上述结构,在沿着基板2设置FPC4并拉长接收线时,耐EMI性变得特别有效。
再者,图中66、68是表示分支线4b的弯曲线。分支线4b沿着此弯曲线66,朝第四图纸面的前侧弯曲一次,为了使成为相反侧的电极62(第三图)朝向转换器10,再沿着弯曲线68,对着纸面弯曲。此弯曲部在第二图中以69表示。如此,分支线4b沿着基板2的侧边44而配置。再者,FPC4通过粘接剂(未图示)等粘接到基板2上。
其次,第五图是仅表示上述反射阵列33的配置。第五图为对应于第一图所示的反射阵列33的反射阵列33正面图,图中省略了其它的乱真波散射部件的扩散光栅34、36、38等。各反射阵列18、22、28、32的倾斜线16、20、26、30具有45°的倾斜,将表面弹性波朝向对侧的反射阵列反射。这些反射阵列33是将铅玻璃的微细粉末制成膏状通过丝网印刷等印刷于基板2的表面,以约500℃烧结而形成。再者,图中以25部分地表示基板2的角隅。另外,反射阵列的材料可使用添加紫外线硬化型的有机系油墨,或者为使有机系油墨的反射率提升而添加了金属粉末组成的填料的油墨。
倾斜线16、20、26、30的间隔随着远离发送侧的转换器8、10而变窄、密度变高,是因为表面弹性波的强度随着通过倾斜线16、20、26、30而衰减,而为了弥补此衰减量在基板2的表面平均传播表面弹性波。再者,反射阵列22、28配置于基板2的上边缘24、侧边44(第一图)的稍微内侧。理由是为了使后述的扩散光栅50的倾斜线40、42、46、48可配置于其外侧。
其次,参考第六图说明成为乱真波散射部件的扩散光栅50。第六图是将对应第一图的扩散光栅50与模式变换单元78、80、82、84一起表示的正面图。构成上述第二反射阵列的倾斜线40、42,在基板2的上边缘24附近以互相反向的角度形成。而且,该角度在基板2的中央部附近几乎成为垂直,随着往基板2的端部而逐渐变为小角度。另外,构成第二反射阵列的其它倾斜线46、48也同样以相反的斜率形成,并且该角度逐渐变化。其理由是为了不使乱真波朝同一方向反射,而朝各种方向扩散,也就是使其乱反射。
这些倾斜线40、42、46、48位于以往贴附胶带(tape)等的部分。也即,倾斜线40、42、46、48是置换了胶带而形成的部分。到达此区域的乱真波通过这些倾斜线40、42、46、48被乱反射,以使之不到达接收侧的转换器12、14。超声波振动能量的衰减因超声波的频率、振动模式及玻璃种类而不同。若是代表性的钠钙玻璃的约5.5MHz的表面弹性波在基板2上传播40cm,则其强度将约衰减到约1/10的程度。因此,被乱发射的乱真波在基板2上重复发射中急速衰减而消失。
另外,矩形的扩散光栅34、36、38由多个具有45°或-45°的相异角度的、互相隔离的突条即倾斜线聚集而成。参考第七图和第八图说明其形状。第七图和第八图是与反射阵列一起表示各扩散光栅36、38的部分放大图。第七图表示扩散光栅36,明显地表示与反射阵列18、32的各倾斜线16、30相比倾斜线36a角度的不同。另外,第八图表示同样具有陡角度的倾斜线38a的扩散光栅38。
这些扩散光栅36、38也用以使传播于基板2表面的乱真波,以45°或-45°以外的角度朝外侧乱反射而消除。扩散光栅34虽未放大表示,但具有相同的形状和功能。另外,扩散光栅34的倾斜线和扩散光栅36、38的倾斜线36a、38a在相同扩散光栅内,既可平行,也可角度逐渐不同。扩散光栅34、38具有阻断由预定方向偏离而传播的表面弹性波到达接收侧的转换器12、14的路径的功能。
与反射阵列33相同,这些扩散光栅50以铅玻璃的微细粉末制成膏状为油墨,印刷于基板2上。因此,形成反射阵列33时,可同时进行印刷,从而生产性得到提升,并可降低制造成本。
图示的扩散光栅36、38的倾斜线36a、38a由多根突条组成,但不必限定于突条,也可有各种变形例。此变形例示于第九图。第九图是表示扩散光栅的变形例的放大图。该扩散光栅51通过平面看为菱形的许多突起51a的集合所构成。在这些突起51a所构成的区域内,到达此扩散光栅51的乱真波在突起51a之间被重复反射而衰减。突起的形状并不限于菱形,凡从平面看为矩形、三角形等多边形或椭圆等任意形状均可。
其次,第十图以正面图表示形成于基板2表面的扩散光栅50及反射阵列33的相对位置关系。图中明显表示倾斜线40、42位于反射阵列28的外侧,倾斜线46、48位于反射阵列22的外侧。扩散光栅34、36、38配置成使反射阵列33未反射而透过的声波(表面弹性波)在透过后,立即朝与反射阵列33所反射的方向不同的方向反射。
具体而言,例如在转换器8和模式转换单元78所产生的表面弹性波通过反射阵列18的期间,朝反射阵列22反射。然而,在反射阵列18并未被反射而透过反射阵列18的表面弹性波到达扩散光栅36。如第七图所示,扩散光栅36产生使表面弹性波朝基板2的外侧反射的功能。也就是,使之在与原来的反射方向相反的方向反射,以使产生噪声的超声波振动不致到达接收侧的转换器12。
另外,沿着基板2的边缘形成的扩散光栅50的倾斜线40、42、46、48构成为使传播于基板2表面上的体波被乱反射并衰减。通常,通过模式转换单元78、80,体波被转换为表面弹性波,然而,未被100%转换而残留的体波传播至预定方向以外,因此,倾斜线40、42、46、48用来使这些不需要的体波衰减。
另外,由模式转换单元78、80转换为表面弹性波时,从预定方向偏离而传播的表面弹性波也通过这些倾斜线40、42、46、48朝各种方向扩散而被乱反射。通过此扩散的反射,可降低不需要的超声波振动到达接受侧的转换器12、14而成为噪声的可能性。
另外,第十图中,倾斜线40、42之间,以及倾斜线46、48之间,海豚的图案82与倾斜线40、42、46、48同样地印刷,这些图案82也可有效降低噪声。这些图案82的外周由曲线构成,到达此外周部分的上述体波或表面弹性波被反射至各个方向而衰减。若此图形外周由曲面所构成,或者外周具有使乱真波朝各种方向乱反射的角度,则可为任何图案或花纹。
以上,详细说明了本发明的实施例,然而,本发明并不限定于上述实施例。例如:扩散光栅50也可通过使用氟酸等的蚀刻而形成,或者也可采用激光、喷砂或切削等化学或物理的切除加工而形成。换言之,也可形成凹槽来取代突出部。
另外,本实施例是说明使用具有模式转换单元78、80、82、84的所谓光栅型的表面弹性波产生部件的情况,然而,并不限定于此实施例。例如:也可适用于使用以丙烯酸的棱柱(未图示)的光楔型转换器(未图示)来产生表面弹性波的方式的声波型接触检测装置。或者,也可适用于没有光栅或光楔而使用形成于超声波振动器上的1对梳状电极的方式的声波型接触检测装置。
另外,本发明所用的FPC4也可用任何的粘接剂粘接于基板2,然而,压电振动器的粘接则宜使用紫外线硬化型粘接剂。其理由是可以暂时确定转换器8、10、12、14相对于模式转换单元78、80、82、84的微妙位置,待确认最适合的表面弹性波产生后,照射紫外线使之粘接。
另外,如上述说明,乱真波散射部件也可采用使之乱反射并衰减的方式。再者,本实施例中,两个接收侧转换器12、14邻近配置,但也可与发送侧转换器8、10交换位置,而使接收侧转换器12、14互相隔离配置。此时,由于邻近位置没有另一方的接收侧转换器14或12,可抑制由一方的接收侧转换器12或14漏出的表面弹性波被另一方拾取的噪声。另外,可缩短由控制器6至发送侧转换器8、10的电气路径,因此,可抑制从此电气路径辐射不需要的辐射即电磁波。
另外,上述实施例是说明使用FPC的情况,然而,也可用FFC即柔性扁平电缆(flexible flat cables)来取代FPC。使用FFC时,转换器8、10、12、14电气连接于FFC的导线。另外,与FPC4的情况相同,FFC通过粘接于基板2的方式安装于基板2。
权利要求书
(按照条约第19条的修改)
1.(补正后)一种声波型接触检测装置,设有:具有声波传播表面的基板;声波生成部件;使产生的所述声波沿所述基板表面传播的反射阵列;检测出因在所述表面的物体接触而造成的所述声波的变化的检测部件;以及作为控制部件的控制器;其特征在于:
所述声波生成部件和所述检测部件的至少一方与所述控制器之间通过柔性扁平布线连接;
该柔性扁平布线具有由信号线和接地线构成的布线图案;
所述信号线群含有相互平行且相邻地配置的多条信号线(64d~64g);
所述接地线(64c、64h)设置在所述信号线群的两侧。
2.(补正后)如权利要求1所述的声波型接触检测装置,其特征在于:
还设有邻接于所述接地线(64c、64h)配置的附加信号线(64b、64i),以及邻接于该附加信号线配置的附加接地线(64a、64j);
所述附加信号线(64b、64i)由所述接地线(64c、64h)和所述附加接地线64a、64j)包围。
Claims (2)
1.一种声波型接触检测装置,设有:具有声波传播表面的基板;声波生成部件;使产生的所述声波沿所述基板表面传播的反射阵列;检测出因在所述表面的物体接触而造成的所述声波的变化的检测部件;以及作为控制部件的控制器;其特征在于:
所述声波生成部件和所述检测部件的至少一方与所述控制器之间通过柔性扁平布线连接,该柔性扁平布线具有在信号线的至少单侧设置了接地线的布线图案。
2.如权利要求1所述的声波型接触检测装置,其特征在于:所述柔性扁平布线具有所述信号线多根并列配置的信号线群,并具有在该信号线群的两侧配置接地线的布线图案。
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- 2003-11-11 WO PCT/JP2003/014323 patent/WO2004044726A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-11-11 KR KR1020057008460A patent/KR20050086550A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2003-11-12 TW TW092131663A patent/TWI291014B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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US20050035685A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
EP1562104A4 (en) | 2005-11-09 |
KR20050086550A (ko) | 2005-08-30 |
CN1327320C (zh) | 2007-07-18 |
US6948371B2 (en) | 2005-09-27 |
AU2003301927A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
JP2004163262A (ja) | 2004-06-10 |
TWI291014B (en) | 2007-12-11 |
WO2004044726A1 (ja) | 2004-05-27 |
EP1562104A1 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
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