CN1802791A - 高分辨率pwm发生器或数控振荡器 - Google Patents

高分辨率pwm发生器或数控振荡器 Download PDF

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CN1802791A
CN1802791A CNA2004800161099A CN200480016109A CN1802791A CN 1802791 A CN1802791 A CN 1802791A CN A2004800161099 A CNA2004800161099 A CN A2004800161099A CN 200480016109 A CN200480016109 A CN 200480016109A CN 1802791 A CN1802791 A CN 1802791A
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delay
signal
delay element
clock
output signal
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CN1802791B (zh
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Q·M·李
D·吉安诺波洛斯
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Funai Electric Co Ltd
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/027Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of logic circuits, with internal or external positive feedback
    • H03K3/03Astable circuits
    • H03K3/0315Ring oscillators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/13Arrangements having a single output and transforming input signals into pulses delivered at desired time intervals
    • H03K5/14Arrangements having a single output and transforming input signals into pulses delivered at desired time intervals by the use of delay lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/027Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of logic circuits, with internal or external positive feedback
    • H03K3/03Astable circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/13Arrangements having a single output and transforming input signals into pulses delivered at desired time intervals
    • H03K5/133Arrangements having a single output and transforming input signals into pulses delivered at desired time intervals using a chain of active delay devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K7/00Modulating pulses with a continuously-variable modulating signal
    • H03K7/08Duration or width modulation ; Duty cycle modulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03LAUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION, OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/081Details of the phase-locked loop provided with an additional controlled phase shifter
    • H03L7/0812Details of the phase-locked loop provided with an additional controlled phase shifter and where no voltage or current controlled oscillator is used
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K2005/00013Delay, i.e. output pulse is delayed after input pulse and pulse length of output pulse is dependent on pulse length of input pulse
    • H03K2005/00019Variable delay
    • H03K2005/00026Variable delay controlled by an analog electrical signal, e.g. obtained after conversion by a D/A converter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K2005/00013Delay, i.e. output pulse is delayed after input pulse and pulse length of output pulse is dependent on pulse length of input pulse
    • H03K2005/00019Variable delay
    • H03K2005/00026Variable delay controlled by an analog electrical signal, e.g. obtained after conversion by a D/A converter
    • H03K2005/00032Dc control of switching transistors

Abstract

公开了一种高分辨率脉宽调制(PWM)或压控输出(DCO)发生器。通过经由一系列延迟来延迟产生的信号,分辨率被提高超过电路时钟的分辨率,所有这些由延迟锁定环路控制。该延迟是时钟周期的一小部分,因此提供了大于电路时钟的分辨率的分辨率。

Description

高分辨率PWM发生器或数控振荡器
本发明涉及振荡器,并在优选实施例中涉及一种用于脉宽调制(PWM)和数控振荡器(DCO)电路的改进的方法和装置。本发明特别适用于期望增加PWM或DCO的分辨率而不增加时钟速度的领域。
PWM和DCO电路用于各种应用中,包括例如灯驱动器。这种电路通常使用具有时钟输入的计数器以在输出信号中产生开和关时间周期。一般地,将寄存器的内容与计数器进行比较,并且每当计数器达到在寄存器中存储的值时就重置计数器。
PWM电路的时间分辨率取决于时钟频率。非常高的时钟频率产生改进的时间分辨率。然而,增加的时钟频率导致较高的功耗和电磁干扰(EMI)。此外,生产可运行如此高频率的IC的集成电路(IC)制造过程比起其较低频率的对应过程明显地更为昂贵。
因此,在现有技术中需要一种改进的技术,用于利用在PWM和DCO电路中使用的相对较低的时钟信号来获得相对较高的时间分辨率。
图1描述PWM或DCO发生器的常规的现有技术的装置;
图2显示根据本发明使用相对较低的时钟速率和相对较高的时间分辨率的DCO发生器的示意图;
图3描述显示由图2的装置产生的时间分辨率的多个波形;
图4描述用于产生具有相对较高时间分辨率的PWM信号的本发明的示例性实施例;以及
图5描述显示图4的装置的相对较高时间分辨率的几个图。
图2显示具有改进的时间分辨率的DCO发生器。图2的装置包括可编程延迟101、选择器102、用于控制如所示系统的微处理器103;与延迟锁定环路108布置在一起的的延迟元件104-107,以及在前述元件之间的各种相互连接。如进一步所述,该电路允许时间分辨率高于输入到该装置中的时钟110的速率。
在运行中,时钟110和信号Vf被输入到可编程延迟101中,该可编程延迟101已被编程以延迟输入信号Vf一个指定数目的时钟周期。在适当延迟之后,信号Vf的反相延迟形式被放置在输出a0上,并被顺序地馈送通过延迟元件b1-bn。延迟锁定环路108被连接到延迟元件104-107,并起到将通过所有延迟元件104-107的总延迟维持为单个时钟周期的作用。因此,每个延迟元件(例如105)延迟信号1/n个时钟周期。经由微处理器103可配置选择器102来选择其输入之一以传送到其输出112。
一旦信号Vf进入可编程延迟101,该信号的延迟形式就被输出到输出a0-an中的每个上。这些输出a0-an-1之一通过选择器112进行反馈,从而引起信号的反相形式被馈入可编程延迟101,并自始至终重复该循环。因此,信号Vf将以高于时钟频率的分辨率进行振荡并可被调整。
因此,电路的时间分辨率不限于时钟110的频率。因为所有元件104-107的延迟是单个时钟周期,所以通过选择延迟的输出之一获得的分辨率是现有技术电路中时钟110能正常提供的分辨率的n倍。这在图3中用图来示出,其中t1=被编程到可编程延迟101中的延迟,m是在从1到n值的范围的下标(index)变量,以及T是Vf的周期。
图4显示用于产生脉宽调制(PWM)信号的本发明的可替换实施例。该系统包括:可编程脉宽调制器电路401,多个延迟元件402-405,与图2中的延迟锁定环路类似的延迟锁定环路4-6,用于选择选择器的输入a0至an之一以传送至选择器输出的选择器408,以及被连接至选择器输出的逻辑门409。在运行中,依据来自微处理器14的指令,可编程PWM输出固定占空比的PWM信号。由可编程PWM发生器401输出的波形如图5中的a0所示。根据本发明,延迟锁定环路406维持通过延迟元件402-405的一个完整时钟周期的延迟。因此,每个输出被延迟时钟频率Tclk的1/n。
选择器408选择传送到逻辑门409的输入之一,该逻辑门409被显示为OR门。只要PWN信号为开或该信号的延迟形式保持为开,则输出411将为开。由于延迟的形式可被延迟小于时钟周期的数量,所以PWM信号可以具有不是时钟频率n倍的时间分辨率。
由图4中的装置产生的几个示例性相关波形被显示在图5中。a0表示直接在可编程PWM 401的输出处产生的PWM信号。如图4中所示,第二信号C表示通过选择器408传送的信号的略微延迟的形式。得到的PWM信号保持为开一个可以以T时钟/n的增量变化的时间量。所经历的具体延迟取决于响应来自微处理器410的指令由选择器408选择的延迟。延迟锁定环路406维持在延迟元件402-405中每个的合适延迟,以使延迟可独立于温度和过程变化而被控制。
虽然上面描述了本发明的优选实施例,但是各种其他修改或添加对于本领域的技术人员而言将是明显的。这些修改打算由附加于此的权利要求书来覆盖。

Claims (13)

1、用于在电子设备中增加时钟的时间分辨率的装置;所述装置包括:第一延迟元件,其具有用于接收输入信号的输入,并将该输入信号延迟一个第一时间量以产生输出信号;
第二延迟元件,用于将所述输出信号延迟一个所述时钟周期的预定部分以产生第二输出信号;
反馈通路,用于将所述第二输出信号传送到所述第一延迟元件的所述输入,以及
反相器,用于将所述输出信号或所述第二输出信号反相。
2、如权利要求1所述的装置,其中第一延迟元件包括可编程延迟元件。
3、如权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述第二延迟元件包括与用于选择多个延迟元件之一的选择器相结合的多个第三延迟元件。
4、如权利要求3所述的装置,还包括连接到选择器和可编程延迟元件的微处理器,用于将适当的延迟编程到可编程延迟元件中,以及用于从所述第三延迟元件之一选择输出以反馈至所述可编程延迟的输入。
5、如权利要求4所述的装置,还包括连接到所述第三延迟元件的延迟锁定环路,以使得由所有的所述第三延迟元件引入的总延迟等于所述时钟的周期。
6、用于从时钟中产生脉宽调制(PWM)信号的装置,该时钟具有比所述PWM信号的分辨率更低的分辨率,所述装置包括:用于延迟输入信号第一预定数量以产生第一输出信号的第一延迟元件,用于延迟第一输出信号第二预定数量以产生第二输出信号的第二延迟元件,以及用于执行关于所述第一和第二输出的逻辑功能的逻辑门。
7、如权利要求6所述的装置,其中所述逻辑门是OR门或与AND门。
8、如权利要求7所述的装置,其中所述第二延迟元件包括多个第三延迟元件和用于选择所述第三延迟元件之一的输出的选择器。
9、如权利要求8所述的装置,其中所述第三延迟元件被串联布置,以使由所有的所述第三延迟元件引入的总延迟等于一个时钟周期,该时钟还被配置以驱动第一延迟元件。
10、如权利要求9所述的装置,还包括用于维持每个所述第三延迟元件的适当延迟的延迟锁定环路。
11、一种产生脉宽调制(PWM)信号的方法,所述方法包括:在OR门接收第一信号和第二信号,第二信号是从多个第三信号中选择的,所述多个第三信号的每个等于所述第一信号的延迟形式,所述延迟等于T/n,其中n是用于每个所述第三信号的不同整数的所选择的一个,以及T是时钟信号。
12、如权利要求11所述的方法,还包括将延迟锁定环路连接至多个延迟元件以产生所述第三信号。
13、如权利要求11所述的方法,其中原始信号被延迟一个预编程的数量并随后被延迟具有相等值的多个延迟。
CN2004800161099A 2003-06-11 2004-06-08 高分辨率pwm发生器或数控振荡器 Expired - Fee Related CN1802791B (zh)

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US47770103P 2003-06-11 2003-06-11
US60/477,701 2003-06-11
PCT/IB2004/050866 WO2004109917A1 (en) 2003-06-11 2004-06-08 High resolution pwm generator or digitally controlled oscillator

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EP1636904A1 (en) 2006-03-22
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US7312668B2 (en) 2007-12-25
KR20060017859A (ko) 2006-02-27
JP2006527569A (ja) 2006-11-30

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