CN1852765A - 用于分离分子的组合物 - Google Patents

用于分离分子的组合物 Download PDF

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CN1852765A
CN1852765A CNA2003801016238A CN200380101623A CN1852765A CN 1852765 A CN1852765 A CN 1852765A CN A2003801016238 A CNA2003801016238 A CN A2003801016238A CN 200380101623 A CN200380101623 A CN 200380101623A CN 1852765 A CN1852765 A CN 1852765A
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丹尼尔·J.·辛普森
托尼·约翰逊
罗德里克·G.·弗莱明
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Promega Corp
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Abstract

本发明提供使用改性载体分离金属或生物分子如多肽、核酸或内毒素的组合物。

Description

用于分离分子的组合物
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求享有2002年10月18日提交的第60/419,614号美国临时申请的优先权。
有关受联邦资助的研究或开发的声明
不适用。
背景技术
本发明概括地涉及用于自非靶物分离金属离子或其它靶物的组合物,所述靶物包括但不限于多肽、核酸和内毒素。
发明内容
一方面,本发明提供一种组合物,其包含:
其中R1
X是取代的或未取代的亚烷基、取代的或未取代的亚芳烷基、或取代的或未取代的亚芳基;
R2和R3独立地选自R1、烃基、取代的烃基、卤素原子、氢原子、羟基、硫醇、胺、与所述载体键合的硅烷醇键、与另一个硅烷配体键合的键、或O-Si-Y1Y2Y3,其中Y1、Y2和Y3独立地选自烃基或取代的烃基;
R4选自烃基、取代的烃基和氢原子;
M是金属离子;且
n是≥1的整数。
本文中引用的所有文献、专利和专利申请都在这里整体并入作为参考。当本申请所公开内容和引用的文献冲突时,以本申请所公开内容为准。应当理解,本文中给出的数值范围包括从最小值至最大值之间的所有值,且该范围的公开是对其中的所有数值和范围的具体公开。
参考下面的附图和详细说明,会更好地理解本发明的这些方面以及其它方面。
具体实施方式
本发明的组合物包含改性载体。方便地,可以将本发明的组合物制作为从非靶物分离出靶物的试剂盒。
本发明的组合物包括氮川三醋酸(NTA)改性载体和金属改性载体。适用于制备本发明的改性载体的载体包括但不限于凝胶或硬载体材料、琼脂糖、聚丙烯酰胺、纤维素、塑料、多糖、尼龙、聚苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸胶乳、硅石、氧化铝、电极、膜及其衍生物。
合适的硅石载体包括但不限于氧化硅、磁性硅石颗粒、固体硅石例如玻璃或硅藻土等,或者硅石材料的组合(例如参见preparation of silicadiscussion in Kurt-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology,Vol.21,第4版,Mary Howe-Grant,ed.,John Wiley & Sons,pub.,1997,第1021页)。如在下面的实施例中所讨论的,合适的硅胶可以商业上购自供应商如Silicycle(Quebec City,Canada),J.T.Baker(Phillipsberg,NJ)和Sigma-Aldrich,(St.Louis,MO)。在下面的实施例中进一步描述了适用于本发明的组合物和方法的硅胶。其它合适的硅石载体包括结晶或玻璃状的硅石,例如石英、透明石英、可控孔度玻璃颗粒和玻璃纤维。
硅胶可以通过孔径、粒度或比表面积来表征。合适的硅胶的孔径为约30至约1000埃,粒度为约2至约300微米,且比表面积为约50m2/g至约1000m2/g。合适的硅胶包括,例如,孔径为约40埃、约60埃和约150埃的硅胶;粒度为约2至约25微米、约5至约25微米、约15微米、约63至约200微米和约75至约200微米的硅胶;以及比表面积为约300m2/g、约500m2/g、约550m2/g、约675m2/g和约750m2/g的硅胶。
合适地,根据本发明的载体可以包含磁性硅石颗粒。磁性硅石颗粒包含包被有水合氧化硅吸收性表面(即具有硅烷醇或Si-OH基团的表面)的超顺磁核。可商业上获得的合适磁性硅石颗粒包括可以从PromegaCorporation(Madison,WI)得到的MagneSilTM颗粒。适用作根据本发明的载体的磁性硅石颗粒的制备记载于第6,296,937号美国专利中。
合适的纤维素载体包括但不限于硝化纤维素和醋酸纤维素。
合适的膜包括但不限于经硅石浸渍的玻璃纤维膜。
合适的氧化铝载体包括但不限于Brockmann氧化铝,其为约150目和58埃。
如本文所述的载体合适地包括至少一个游离的羟基,所以当载体接触到氨基硅烷化合物时,该氨基硅烷化合物的硅原子通过至少一个硅烷醇键与载体以共价键结合,形成胺改性载体。
氨基硅烷化合物商业上可得自供应商例如United ChemicalTechnologies,Inc.(Bristol,PA)。合适的氨基硅烷化合物具有以下通式:
Figure A20038010162300121
其中X是至多20个碳原子的亚烷基,其可以是饱和的、不饱和的、支链的、直链的或环状的,例如亚甲基、亚乙基、亚丙基、亚壬基,或至多20个碳原子的亚芳烷基,其中烷基部分可以是饱和的、不饱和的、支链的、直链的或环状的,或至多20个碳原子的亚芳基,且其中X与下面关于烃基的定义相同,可为未取代或取代的;
R1是烃基或取代的烃基;
R2和R3独立地选自R1、烃基、取代的烃基、卤素原子、氢原子、羟基、硫醇、胺、与载体键合的硅烷醇键、与另一个硅烷配体键合的键、或O-Si-Y1Y2Y3,其中Y1、Y2和Y3独立地选自烃基或取代的烃基;且
R4是烃基、取代的烃基或氢原子。
如本文所使用的术语“烃基”是指至多20个碳原子的烃基(即,烷基、烯基或炔基),其可以是饱和的、不饱和的、支链的、直链的或环状的;或至多20个碳原子的芳烷基,其中烷基部分可以是饱和的、不饱和的、支链的、直链的或环状的;或至多20个碳原子的芳基。合适地,该烃基具有2至15个碳原子、或5至10个碳原子。如本文所定义,“取代的烃基”是指其中至少一个碳原子被氧、硫或氮原子所取代的烃基。该取代基可以是例如氧代、烷氧基、烷氧基羰基、羟基、酯、硫醚、氨基、烷基胺或氨甲酰基。
可以用于实施本发明的合适的氨基硅烷化合物的实例包括但不限于氨基丙基硅烷、丙基乙二胺硅烷、N-[3-(三甲氧基甲硅烷基)丙基]乙二胺和N-[3-(三甲氧基甲硅烷基)丙基]二亚乙基三胺。
如本文所述的NTA改性载体可以如下生产:通过接触具有游离-NH2基的载体,在氮川三醋酸和载体的胺基之间形成酰胺键。氮川三醋酸起能与多价金属离子形成稳定的络合物的螯合剂的作用。
凡是具有能被改性的胺基或能使其含有可改性的胺基的任何载体都是可接受的。用于生产NTA改性载体的合适的载体具有多个游离的NH2基团。本领域的技术人员能够通过化学改性载体表面来将游离胺官能团连接到载体上。例如,参见Greg T.Hermason,A.Krishna Mallia,Paul K.Smith,Immobilized Affinity Legand Techniques,Academic Press(1992)。另外,可以商业上获得能结合至NTA以形成根据本发明的NTA改性载体的含有游离的NH2基团的合适载体。这些包括但不限于Sigma-Aldrich Inc.(St.Louis,MO)销售的琼脂糖基载体;International Dynamics Corporation,(Longwood,FL)销售的胶乳基载体;Bangs Laboratories Inc.,(Fishers,IN)销售的聚苯乙烯基载体;Spherotech,(Libertyville,111);和Dynal Biotech,(Lake Success,NY)。
另一方面,本发明提供金属改性载体。如本文所述的金属改性载体可以如下生产:使上述的NTA改性载体接触金属离子溶液以形成金属改性载体。该金属离子溶液可以含有金属离子盐,其中该盐包括但不限于氯化物、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、醋酸盐、碳酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乙酰丙酮酸盐、溴化物、氟化物、碘化物、硝酸盐和草酸盐。金属浓度可以从低于约10-6M至约1M。典型地,溶液中的金属离子的浓度范围可以是约0.1M至约1M。可以想象,金属离子溶液可以仅由一种金属离子组成,或由不同金属的混合物组成。合适地,金属离子和NTA改性载体之间可形成四配位基络合物。例如参见New multidentate ligands.XV.Chelatingtendencies of diglycine-N,N-diacetic acid,triglycine-N,N-diacetic acid andtetraglycine-N,N-diacetic acid,Inorganic Chemistry(1974),13(3),550-9。
“金属离子”是指氧化态在+1和+6之间的任何金属。合适地,该金属可以是镍、铜、钴、铁、锌或镓。另外,认为下述金属离子适用于本发明:铁(III)、铜(II)、钴(II)、镍(II)、锌(II)、铈(III)、镁(II)、钙(II)、镓(III)、铬(III)、铟(III)、镧(III)、镥(III)、钪(III)、铊(III)、镱(III)、钍(IV)、铀酸盐(II)银(I)、金(I)和铜(I)。本领域的技术人员能够根据要分离的物质选择合适的金属。同样,可以想象用螯合剂如乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)可将所结合的金属离子从金属改性载体上解吸,从而可使NTA改性载体得以再生。
如本领域的技术人员能够明白的,该NTA改性载体和金属改性载体可以用于本文所述的多种用途。
NTA改性载体可以用于采用如第6,428,807号美国专利所述的金属鳌合方法制备鳌合免疫刺激络合物。
还可以想象,NTA改性载体可以用于从饮用水、环境或患有因暴露于金属所造成的疾病的个体的血液中除去有毒金属。例如,该NTA改性载体可以用于从工业废水和人类生活用水中去除和/或回收潜在有害的或有毒的金属,例如铝、砷、铋、锑、过量的钙、过量的铁、金、锌、镁、汞、镉、铅、铜和银。
本发明的NTA改性载体还可以用于许多其它有利于从流体中提取、灭活或去除金属的用途,例如从血浆中去除钙将血浆转变成血清,或者在实验室中清除放射性金属离子泄漏。NTA改性载体可以用于从铅或汞中毒的个体中除去有毒金属。
已经报道某些金属离子的干扰或缺失在健康状况中起一定作用。因此,本发明的NTA改性载体可以用作诊断工具,用于检测和提取指示疾病状态或疾病诱因的与金属有关的分子。
可以想象,金属改性载体可以用于从原始溶液中的非靶物中分离靶物(例如多肽或核酸)。金属改性载体可以单独使用,或与其它纯化方法结合使用,包括使用胺改性载体的方法。
金属改性载体可以用于从原始溶液中的非靶物中分离组氨酸标记的多肽。金属改性载体还可以用于从原始溶液中去除内毒素。合适地,术语内毒素是指与革兰氏阴性菌如大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌属、志贺氏菌属、假单胞菌属、奈瑟氏菌属、嗜血杆菌属或任何其它的能生成内毒素的病原体的外膜有关的脂多糖复合物。
金属改性载体还可以用于鉴别低丰度的蛋白、鉴别膜蛋白和磷酸化的蛋白。金属改性载体还可以用于鉴别和定量多肽-多肽相互作用,其中合适的可检测的基团或标记的大类包括但不限于通常可以结合到要检测和定量的靶物上的任何位置或者特异性地结合到靶物的末端(即肽的N-端、C-端或N-端和C-端)的染料、荧光团、纳米颗粒。
金属改性载体还可以用于分离多肽-多肽复合物;筛选多肽官能;分离抗体、抗原和抗体-抗原复合物;定量亲合力标记的多肽;疾病的诊断性筛选;抗体筛选;药用拮抗剂和激动剂筛选;报道基因分析;生成多肽表达库,从细胞生成多肽库;生成多肽微阵列;筛选遗传工程化酶;或辅助分离相互作用分子(即辅因子)。
本发明的金属改性载体将用于研究多肽-多肽相互作用。金属改性载体可以用于减少溶液中的内毒素浓度。金属改性载体可以用于从原始溶液中分离磷酸化的蛋白。
金属改性载体可以用于许多用途,包括但不限于绘制组织谱和细胞谱。
下面的实施例解释了实施本发明的方法。本领域的技术人员能够明白,本发明的详细描述仅仅是示例性的,不应当看作是限制本发明的范围。
实施例
实施例1
金属改性3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]乙酰基]-氨基]丙基硅石磁性颗粒的制备
a)3-氨基丙基改性的磁性硅石颗粒的制备
如下制备3-氨基丙基改性的磁性硅石颗粒。将50ml等分的3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷加入到搅拌下的甲醇溶液(900mL)中,随后加入水(50mL)。将混合物中加入到100g磁性硅石颗粒(MP-50,W.R.Grace,Columbia,MD)中。通过间歇搅拌使颗粒在室温保持悬浮4小时。去除残余的甲醇/硅烷/水溶液,用3×1.2L水洗涤载体颗粒,然后重新悬浮到1L甲醇中。通过过滤收集3-氨基丙基改性磁性硅石颗粒,并真空干燥。元素分析确定3-氨基丙基改性磁性硅石颗粒的组成为:C,0.75;H,0.64;N,0.30。
b)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]乙酰基]氨基]-丙基磁性硅石颗粒的制备
如下制备3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]乙酰基]氨基]-丙基磁性硅石颗粒:首先将如上所述制备的3-氨基丙基改性的磁性硅石颗粒(100g)悬浮到N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(600mL)中,加入三乙胺(31ml,210mmol),并彻底混合。加入200mmol在400ml N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的2,6-二酮-N-羧甲基-吗啉(按照第3,621,018号美国专利制备),将得到的混合物在室温保持悬浮4小时。去除未反应的N,N-二甲基乙酰胺/酐/三乙胺溶液,用3×1.2L水洗涤颗粒。元素分析确定3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]乙酰基]氨基]-丙基-改性磁性硅石颗粒的组成为:C,1.06;H,0.61;N.0.17。
c)镍(II)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]丙基磁性硅石颗粒的制备
如下制备镍(II)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]-丙基磁性硅石颗粒:将100g如上所述制备的3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]-丙基磁性硅石颗粒在室温下于250mM氯化镍(II)溶液(1L)中悬浮4小时。去除过量的镍溶液,用水洗涤得到的载体5次。
除了来自W.R.Grace的磁性硅石颗粒以外,使用原料颗粒也可制备与以上实施例1(a)-(c)中所述的那些相类似的改性颗粒。已经在步骤(a)-(c)中使用的其它硅胶购自:Sigma-Aldrich Corp(St.Louis,MO)(23,681-0,23,682-9和23,684-5);Silicyle Inc.(Quebec,CA)(S10030M,10040M,100300T,S10040T,以及R10030M);或J.T.Baker(Philipsburg,NJ)(7314-02和7315-20)。商业硅胶含有直径范围为约5至约500微米、孔径范围为约40至约1000埃的颗粒。
d)钴(II)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]丙基磁性硅石颗粒的制备
如下制备钴(II)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]-丙基磁性硅石颗粒:将100mg如上所述制备的3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]-丙基磁性硅石颗粒在室温下于250mM氯化钴(II)溶液中悬浮2分钟。去除过量的钴溶液,用水洗涤得到的磁性硅石颗粒5次。
e)铜(II)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]丙基磁性硅石颗粒的制备
如下制备铜(II)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]-丙基磁性硅石颗粒:将100mg如上所述制备的3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]-丙基磁性硅石颗粒在室温下于CuCl2(250mM)溶液中悬浮2分钟。去除铜溶液,用水洗涤得到的磁性硅石颗粒3次。
f)锌(II)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]丙基磁性硅石颗粒的制备
如下制备锌(II)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]-丙基磁性硅石颗粒:将100mg如上所述制备的3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]-乙酰基]氨基]-丙基磁性硅石颗粒在室温下于ZnCl2(250mM)溶液中悬浮2分钟。去除锌溶液,用水洗涤得到的磁性硅石颗粒3次。
实施例2
金属改性的3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]乙酰基]-氨基]丙基硅胶的制备
(a)3-氨基丙基改性硅胶的制备
将3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(125mL)加入到搅拌下的甲醇溶液(2000mL)中,随后加入水(125mL)。将该混合物加入到250g硅胶(S10040T,1000埃,Silicycle,Inc,Quebec,Canada)中,将得到的混合物在室温下保持悬浮4小时。让树脂沉淀后,倾析出残余的甲醇/硅烷/水溶液,用水(3×2.5L)洗涤颗粒,并再次悬浮于2L甲醇中。通过过滤收集氨基硅烷改性载体,并真空干燥。元素分析确定氨基丙基改性载体的组成为:C,0.46;H,0.30;N,0.19。
(b)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]乙酰基]氨基]-丙基硅胶的制备
将如上所述制备的3-氨基丙基改性载体(100g)悬浮在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(100mL)中,并向混合物中加入三乙胺(31mL,210mmol)。彻底混合该混合物,然后加入在400mLN,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的200mmol的2,6-二酮-N-羧甲基吗啉(按照第3,621,018号美国专利制备,其内容在这里整体并入),并将得到的混合物在室温下保持悬浮4小时。去除未反应的N,N-二甲基乙酰胺/酐/三乙胺溶液,用4×1.2L水洗涤载体。元素分析确定3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]乙酰基]氨基]丙基载体的组成为:C,0.94;H,0.32;N,0.28。
(c)镍(II)3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]乙酰基]-氨基]丙基硅胶的制备
将一部分如上所述制备的3-[[[二(羧甲基)氨基]乙酰基]氨基]丙基载体在250mM氯化镍(II)溶液中于室温下悬浮4小时。去除过量的镍溶液,用水洗涤得到的载体5次。
实施例3
丙基乙二胺改性磁性硅石颗粒的制备
将N-[3-(三甲氧基甲硅烷基)丙基]乙二胺(2mL)加入到搅拌下的磁性硅石颗粒(2g)在95%甲醇(8mL)中的溶液中。将得到的混合物在室温下保持悬浮4小时。去除残余的甲醇/硅石溶液,用甲醇(5×40mL)洗涤颗粒,并真空干燥。元素分析确定氨基丙基乙二胺改性硅石磁性载体的组成为:C,0.97;H,0.70;N,0.45。
实施例4
丙基乙二胺改性硅胶的制备
将N-[3-(三甲氧基甲硅烷基)丙基]乙二胺(2mL)加入到搅拌下的硅石颗粒(1.0g Davisil,644级硅胶,100-200目,孔径150埃)在95%甲醇(8mL)中的溶液中。将得到的混合物在室温下保持悬浮4小时。去除残余的甲醇/硅石溶液,用甲醇5×40mL洗涤颗粒,并真空干燥。元素分析确定氨基丙基乙二胺改性硅石载体的组成为:C,5.82;H,1.49;N,2.44。
本发明的前述说明用于示例性地解释和说明。本领域的技术人员能够明白,可以作出变化和修改而不背离本发明的精神和范围。下面的权利要求书意在包括所有的这些变化和修改。

Claims (34)

1.一种组合物,其包含:
其中R1
Figure A2003801016230002C2
X是取代的或未取代的亚烷基、取代的或未取代的亚芳烷基、或取代的或未取代的亚芳基;
R2和R3独立地选自R1、烃基、取代的烃基、卤素原子、氢原子、羟基、硫醇、胺、与所述载体键合的硅烷醇键、与另一个硅烷配体键合的键、或O-Si-Y1Y2Y3,其中Y1、Y2和Y3独立地选自烃基或取代的烃基;
R4选自烃基、取代的烃基或氢原子;
M是金属离子;且
n是≥1的整数。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所述的金属离子的氧化态为+1至+6。
3.根据权利要求2的组合物,其中所述的金属离子是镍、铜、钴、铁、锌或镓。
4.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中X是饱和的亚烷基或取代的饱和的亚烷基。
5.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中X是至多10个碳原子的饱和的亚烷基或至多10个碳原子的取代的饱和的亚烷基。
6.根据权利要求5的组合物,其中X是-(CH2)3-。
7.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所述的载体选自以下组中:硅胶、氧化硅、固体硅石、磁性硅石颗粒、晶体硅石、透明石英、氧化铝和它们的组合。
8.一种组合物,其包含:
Figure A2003801016230003C1
其中R1
Figure A2003801016230003C2
X是取代的或未取代的亚烷基、取代的或未取代的亚芳烷基、或取代的或未取代的亚芳基;
R2和R3独立地选自R1、烃基、取代的烃基、卤素原子、氢原子、羟基、硫醇、胺、与所述载体键合的硅烷醇键、与另一个硅烷配体键合的键、或O-Si-Y1Y2Y3,其中Y1、Y2和Y3独立地选自烃基或取代的烃基;
R4选自烃基、取代的烃基或氢原子;且
n是≥1的整数。
9.根据权利要求8的组合物,其中X是饱和的亚烷基或取代的饱和的亚烷基。
10.根据权利要求8的组合物,其中X是至多10个碳原子的饱和的亚烷基或至多10个碳原子的取代的饱和的亚烷基。
11.根据权利要求10的组合物,其中X是-(CH2)3-。
12.根据权利要求8的组合物,其中所述的载体选自以下组中:硅胶、氧化硅、固体硅石、磁性硅石颗粒、晶体硅石、透明石英、氧化铝和它们的组合。
13.一种制备改性载体的方法,所述载体包含:
其中R1
Figure A2003801016230004C2
X是取代的或未取代的亚烷基、取代的或未取代的亚芳烷基、或取代的或未取代的亚芳基;
R2和R3独立地选自R1、烃基、取代的烃基、卤素原子、氢原子、羟基、硫醇、胺、与所述载体键合的硅烷醇键、与另一个硅烷配体键合的键、或O-Si-Y1Y2Y3,其中Y1、Y2和Y3独立地选自烃基或取代的烃基;
R4选自烃基、取代的烃基或氢原子;且
n是≥1的整数;
所述方法包括:
(a)使载体与氨基硅烷化合物接触以生成在载体和氨基硅烷化合物之间具有硅烷醇键的第一复合物;和
(b)使该第一复合物与氮川三醋酸接触以生成在氮川三醋酸和第一复合物之间具有酰胺键的改性载体。
14.根据权利要求13的方法,还包括使改性载体与金属离子溶液接触以生成金属改性载体。
15.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述的氨基硅烷化合物含有饱和的亚烷基链或取代的饱和的亚烷基链。
16.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述的氨基硅烷化合物是氨基丙基硅烷。
17.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述的氨基硅烷化合物选自以下组中:氨基丙基硅烷、丙基乙二胺硅烷和氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷化合物。
18.根据权利要求14的方法,其中所述的载体选自以下组中:硅胶、氧化硅、固体硅石、磁性硅石颗粒、晶体硅石、透明硅石、氧化铝和它们的组合。
19.根据权利要求14的方法,其中所述的金属离子的氧化态为+1至+6。
20.根据权利要求19的方法,其中所述的金属离子是镍、铜、钴、铁、锌或镓。
21.一种组合物,其包含:
Figure A2003801016230006C1
其中X是取代的或未取代的亚烷基、取代的或未取代的亚芳烷基、或取代的或未取代的亚芳基;
R4是烃基、取代的烃基或氢原子;
M+是金属离子;
n是≥1的整数;且
m是0或1。
22.根据权利要求21的组合物,其中所述的金属离子的氧化态为+1至+6。
23.根据权利要求22的组合物,其中所述的金属离子是镍、铜、钴、铁、锌或镓。
24.根据权利要求21的组合物,其中所述的载体选自以下组中:琼脂糖、聚丙烯酰胺、纤维素、塑料、多糖、尼龙、硝化纤维素、聚苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸酯胶乳和它们的组合。
25.一种组合物,其包含:
Figure A2003801016230007C1
其中X是取代的或未取代的亚烷基、取代的或未取代的亚芳烷基、或取代的或未取代的亚芳基;
R4是烃基、取代的烃基或氢原子;
n是≥1的整数;且
m是0或1。
26.根据权利要求25的组合物,其中所述的载体选自以下组中:琼脂糖、聚丙烯酰胺、纤维素、塑料、多糖、尼龙、硝化纤维素、聚苯乙烯、胶乳、甲基丙烯酸酯和它们的组合。
27.一种制备改性载体的方法,所述载体包含:
Figure A2003801016230007C2
其中X是取代的或未取代的亚烷基、取代的或未取代的亚芳烷基、或取代的或未取代的亚芳基;
R4是烃基、取代的烃基或氢原子;
n是≥1的整数,且
m是0或1;
所述方法包括:
(a)使含有游离-NR4H基团的载体与氮川三醋酸接触以在氮川三醋酸和-NR4H基团之间生成酰胺键。
28.根据权利要求27的方法,还包括:使改性载体与金属离子溶液接触以生成金属改性载体。
29.根据权利要求27的方法,其中所述的载体选自以下组中:琼脂糖、聚丙烯酰胺、纤维素、塑料、多糖、尼龙、硝化纤维素、聚苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸酯胶乳、和它们的组合。
30.根据权利要求27的方法,其中所述的金属离子的氧化态为+1至+6。
31.根据权利要求30的方法,其中所述的金属离子是镍、铜、钴、铁、锌或镓。
32.一种组合物,其包含:
Figure A2003801016230008C1
其中R2和R3独立地选自R1、烃基、取代的烃基、卤素原子、氢原子、羟基、硫醇、胺、与载体键合的硅烷醇键、与另一个硅烷配体键合的键、或O-Si-Y1Y2Y3,其中Y1、Y2和Y3独立地选自烃基或取代的烃基。
33.通过权利要求13或权利要求14的方法制备的组合物。
34.通过权利要求27或权利要求28的方法制备的组合物。
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