CN1868141A - 再充电方法和相关设备 - Google Patents
再充电方法和相关设备 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
- H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
Abstract
本发明提供一种用于远程激励功率存储设备的设备及其相关方法。最好是通过利用在无线保真度标准频率范围内的RF能量，实现激励。远程台最好具有至少一个其有效面积大于物理面积的天线。本发明可以有利地用于由功率存储设备激励的无线保真产品方面。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于远程激励功率存储装置的方法和设备；具体地说，涉及一种采用小型设备的方法和设备，用于使用基于无线电频率的RF频率去远程激励功率存储装置。本发明的方法和设备优选地采用至少一个天线，该天线获取能量的有效面积大于其物理面积。
背景技术
众所周知，在便携式电器设备领域具有不接触电连接。例如，便携式电动牙刷通常有一个可再充电电池，该电池用感应方法充电。感应充电设备也叫作电磁不接触型电池充电设备。感应充电设备的优点在于，与需要电连接的充电设备不同，不好的电接触不会妨碍它。感应充电设备通常由感应耦合器组成，用于把来自充电设备上感应耦合器一次侧的能量转换到电子设备上感应耦合器二次侧。利用感应充电的本发明的实例包括美国专利6,284,651；美国专利6,310,465；和美国专利5,952,814。感应充电的一个主要问题是：需要充电设备很靠近电子设备，以激励电子设备中的功率存储装置。
为了克服与感应充电有关的问题，已有人描述一些利用辐射到自由空间的RF电磁场的充电设备。美国专利6,127,799描述一种电荷存储装置，通过把该装置暴露于辐射到封闭系统中自由空间内的RF电磁场而进行充电。该装置包括一个或多个在其上安置的偶极天线，适用于接收辐射的RF电磁场。一个或多个桥式整流器被连接于天线，以便把接收的RF电磁场整流成DC输出电流。由整流器产生的DC输出电流用于激励电荷存储装置。
如美国专利6,127,799所述，天线可以是一个或多个偶极天线，它们被组合起来以形成至少两个偶极天线元件阵列的子集，其中一个子集可以相对于至少一个其它的子集用锐角或直角定向。天线或偶极天线可以安放在充电存储装置的多于一个的外表面上，它们彼此之间以锐角或直角封闭。使用美国专利6,127,799公开的技术去开发远程充电的RF能量利用和天线有一个缺点：所公开发明中的天线阵列的功率转换效率依赖于偶极子的数量。此外，对于大多数便携式电子装置(例如蜂窝式电话、便携式电子博弈器、数字照相机等)来说，电荷存储装置的偶极天线的尺寸是不实用的。在这种现有技术中，偶极天线用于覆盖其宽度为12.5厘米的电池组的一个以上的侧面。
一种克服现有技术问题的方法是利用在电子芯片上形成的天线。公开芯片上天线的现有技术的实例有美国专利4,857,893和美国专利6,373,447。
美国专利4,857,893详述的优选方法是：利用有效地建立一个单独的单块芯片组件的淀积技术，该组件包括产生一个功能完整的转发器单元所需的全部电路系统。该专利讨论利用芯片上的磁膜感应器去减少线圈匝数，使得有可能制作这类感应器。该专利涉及Soohoo的“用于集成电路应用的磁薄膜感应器”，IEEE Transactions in magnetic，vol.MAG-15，No.6pp.1803-1805(Nov.1979)。该专利涉及的另一技术是Salch和Qureshi的“透磁合金薄膜感应器”，Electronic Letters，vol.6，No.26，pp.850-852(Dec.31，1970)。
本专利在下面讨论芯片上天线的结构。建造一个以10MHz使用的10匝矩形螺旋线圈，该线圈外径为1厘米×1厘米。导电通路宽度是0.005英寸。匝间间隔是0.001英寸。用真空蒸发法淀积铜通路，然后用电镀法使厚度积累到约25微米。在导体周围形成两个厚度为1000-3000埃的透磁合金磁膜，其中一个膜在顶部，另一个膜在底部。该膜在定向磁场中以这样的方式蒸发，以致于其长尺寸平行于磁场，这就是膜的易磁化方向。当高频电流通入线圈中时，在难磁化方向驱动磁膜，在每个导体周围的两个磁膜充当围绕一匝线圈的磁芯。磁膜之作用在于除了其自由空间电感之外，还增加线圈的电感。其磁导率是很大的，因为膜是在难磁化方法驱动的。此外，一个绝缘一氧化硅层(SiO，10,000埃厚)使各个磁膜与导电通路隔离。
美国专利4,857.893公开的方法的问题是：需要淀积一个透磁合金磁层，或者具有大的磁导率和电绝缘性的其它适宜材料，以增加线圈的电感。这会增加芯片天线的成本和复杂性。此外，这还会限制收缩天线尺寸的能力，因为需要天线线圈之间的磁膜层。
美国专利6,373,447公开一个或多个天线的应用，这些天线形成于一个集中电路芯片上，并且连接于该芯片的另一个电路上。公开的天线结构包括环路，多匝环路，矩形螺旋，长线，或偶极子。能够形成具有两个或多个分段的天线，这些分段可选择地彼此连接，以改变天线的有效长度。此外，可按照两个由绝缘层隔离的不同金属化层形成两个天线。这项现有技术的主要缺点是，发明人教导：天线的发射和接收强度“正比于匝数和环路面积”。
美国专利申请序号09/951,032(Mickle)是美国专利6,289,237的CIP，它公开一种在芯片上的天线，该天线具有的有效面积大于其物理面积。通过在天线中使用一个LC槽路，使天线的有效面积大于其物理面积。其实现方法是(1)在天线中利用内电极电容和电感和(2)共同地或分别地利用芯片(印模)的寄生电容和电感来形成LC槽路。上述方法的优点是不需要用附加的分立电路系统去提供其有效面积大于物理面积的天线。更重要的是，利用LC槽路意味着，不需要利用围绕每个天线导体的磁膜。这可简化芯片上天线的制作，还可能容许设计芯片上的超小型天线。
在此列入美国专利6,289,231供参考，该专利公开一种用于从基地台激励远程台的设备及其相关方法，它利用适当类型的包括RF功率在内的发射能量；其中远程台不含有储存能源或到能源的布线连接。可以在基地台或远程台提供微处理器控制器。
美国继续部分申请序号09/951,032基于成为美国专利6,289,237的申请，它公开含有机载天线的芯片的应用。在此编入该申请供参考。
共同待决临时申请序号60/406,541和60/411,845在此被编入供参考。它们公开用于远程激励功率存储装置的设备的方法，特别是利用RF能量来远程激励功率存储装置的小型设备。
仍然需要一种方法及其相关设备：该设备可以是小尺寸的，被构造成最好是利用RF能量对功率存储装置提供远程激励，其中RF能量处于天线保真度(WiFi)可应用的频率范围内。还需要一种这样的设备：该设备在其有着功率存储装置的远程装置上装入至少一个天线，该天线的有效面积大于其物理面积，以有利于获取能量。
需要小型远程功率充电设备及其相关方法，该设备具有一种用于从环境中接收发射能量并且激励功率存储装置的装置，该设备不依赖于电感充电。
此外，还需要一种小型远程功率充电设备及其相关方法，该设备具有一个用于使用基板上的一个或多个天线去从环境中接收发射能量并且激励功率存储装置的装置。
最后，还需要一种小型远程功率充电设备及其相关方法，它利用基板上的一个或多个天线，该天线的强度不依赖于磁感应或匝数和天线环路面积。
附图说明
图1是示意图，说明以本发明方法构造和使用的再充电设备。
图2是示意图，说明按照本发明构造的环境能量再充电设备。
图3a和3b分别是立视图和断面图，说明在印刷电路板远程台上的天线。
图4说明一个实验系统。
具体实施方式
下文所用的词语，“无线保真度标准”意思是用于网络的电气和电子工程师技术标准协会的标准，这些标准包括，但不限于，标准802.11a(5.0吉赫)，802.119(2.4吉赫)，802.16(10.0到66.0吉赫)，802.20(小于3.5吉赫)，和Bluetooth(2.4吉赫)，在每个标准后面的括号中示出相关的频率。本发明优选的无线保真度频率属于约2.4至5.0吉赫的范围内。
下文所用的词语，“无线保真产品”涉及有远程台的设备，该远程台采用功率存储装置去激励，是为无线操作而构造的。这些产品包括，但不限于膝上型计算机，计算机笔记本，PDA，卫星无线电设备和数字摄像机。该产品包括一些手持式电子产品。
下文所用的词语，“在空间内”意思是，与通过硬布线或印刷电路板发射电能不同，通过空气或类似介质发射能量或信号，而不论是否是全部地或部分地在外壳内进行发射。
再充电设备
本发明已满足上述需要。在一个实施例(图1)中，一种用于远程激励功率存储装置的设备及其方法涉及一个基地台(2)和一个远程台(4)。基地台(2)具有用于在空间内把能量(30)发射到远程台(4)的装置。可以通过在无线保真度标准范围内的RF，发射能量(30)。远程台(4)具有天线(100)，用于接收发射的能量30，和通过电路系统(102)把发射能量转换成直流功率，以激励所关心客体上的功率存储装置(150)。本发明的远程台(4)通过它们一个或多个天线(100)接收发射的能量(30)，其中至少一个天线(20)的有效天线面积(22)大于其物理面积(21)。最好通过在天线中用一个LCD槽路，使天线有效面积(22)大于其物理面积(21)。其有效面积(22)大于物理面积(22)的天线(100)能够建立一些小型远程台，这些远程台可用于激励小型电子能量存储装置(150)，例如无线保真产品。远程台(4)还可包括一个微型控制器(94)，用于存储和键控信息(8)，并且通过天线(110)把信息(8)送回基地台(2)。
在过去，无线保真度主要用于数据的无线传送。本发明有利于消除在网络与无线保真产品之间布线连接的需要。在一段连续时期使用无线保真度装置时，现有技术需要把该装置物理地连接到电源，以再充电电池组。结果，不能实现无线保真度的全部优点。而本发明采用无线方法再充电电源，例如电池组。
会充分了解，本发明提供一种方法和设备，以便用无线保真度频率进行远程无线充电。
环境能量再充电设备
在另一个实施例(图2)中，一种设备及其相关方法涉及一种小型远程台；该台具有一个装置，用于从非协作环境(208)中接收环境RF能量(32)，和激励无线保真产品的功率存储装置(150)。远程台(4)装有一个或多个用于获取环境能量(32)的天线(100)；和一个用于把这种环境能量转换成直流电源的电路系统(102)，该电源用于激励功率存储装置(150)。电路系统(102)可通过例如一个充电泵或半波整流器，实现到直流电源的转换。通过使用天线中的LC槽路，使天线的有效面积(22)大于其物理面积(21)。利用这种天线(100)能够建立一些小型远程台，该台可用于激励小型电子能量存储装置(150)。远程台(4)还可包括一个微型控制器，用于存储和键控信息(8)，并且通过天线(110)把信息(8)送回基地台(2)(未在图2中示出)。
有效面积
在本发明的一些不同的实施例中，通过远程台的一个或多个天线接收基地台的发射能量，其中至少一个天线的有效天线面积大于其物理面积。通过在天线中使用一个LC槽路(tank circuit)可实现这种有效面积大于物理面积。用这种天线能够建立一些小型远程台，这些台可用于激励小型电子能量存储装置。
天线的“有效面积”涉及下述事实：一个调谐天线可以具有大于其几何面积的有效面积。这一现象是由Reinhold Rudenberg在1908年解释的，请参看Rudenberg，Reinhold，“Den Empfang ElektrischerWellen in den Drahtlosen Telegraphie(无线电报体系中电波的接收)”，Annalen den physic IV.25，1908，p.446-466。多年来许多其它作者一直在扩充其描述内容。
美国专利US 5,296,866陈述：“Rudenberg教导：天线同输入场相互作用，通过感应使电流在天线中流动；该输入场可近似成一个平面波。[天线]电流又在天线附近产生一个场，而该场又与输入场相互作用，从而输入场力线被弯曲。场力线被这样弯曲，以致于能量可从输入波阵面的相当大的部分流动，从而产生一种从波阵面到天线的吸收能量效应，而波阵面的面积要比天线的几何面积大得多”。
虽然可以知道有效面积的概念，但要在天线设计和结构中实现它是不容易的，不那么清楚的。美国专利US 5,296,866教导：通过使用分立的电路系统可制作更高效率的有效天线。美国专利US 4,857,893公开在芯片上制作天线的概念：在每个天线导体周围使用磁膜，以增加线圈的电感。
关于同天线物理面积相比具有大的天线有效面积的证据的说明数据，请参阅作为美国专利6,289,237的CIP的美国专利申请序号09/951,032(Mickle)。此外，本申请会提供关于从发射能量到DC(或AC)电压的转换装置的讨论。
印刷远程台
本发明生产远程台的一种方法是采用一种可有效地产生一个单个的单片芯片组件的半导体生产技术，该组件包括产生一个功能完整的远程台所需的全部电路系统。该芯片可以是选自CMOS器件和/或MEMS器件的器件形式。
本发明生产远程台的另一种方法是采用天线以及可有效地产生一个单个的单片芯片组件所需的全部电路系统的印刷技术。图3a和3b示出其有效面积大于其物理面积的印刷电路板天线，该天线可以被构造如下：
a.用专门电极和极间尺寸设计天线(414)，从而当它被有适当电容的基板覆盖或被淀积于该基板上时，会形成一个LC“槽”路。
b.以商用的导电合成物(即，导电环氧树脂、导电墨等)把天线设计印刷到一个非导电的基板(塑料膜、玻璃等)(401)上。可以使用标准印刷技术，例如喷墨、丝网等，印刷设计(414)。
c.在天线顶上印刷一个有着专门电容和绝缘性质的材料的膜(412)。膜(412)会为LC“槽(tank)”路提供天线。
然后可以把二极管(未示出)之类的其他电子项目印刷到基板上，以形成本发明的印刷充电设备。
实例
图4所示的设备用于确认本发明的概念。该设备是具有万能表(424)的板装式实验系统，通过电线(440-442)和(441-444)把万能表(424)连接到试验单元(428)的终端。用电线(450)把天线(430)连接到电路系统(434)，该系统具有被安置于它附近的单元式电话机(cell phone)电池组(432)。在使用图4所示设备的近40分钟的时期，该电池组上的电压从2.888伏增加到2.890伏，这就确认以无线方式充电采用无线保真度的电源的能力。虽然天线处于适当的频带内，但与2.5GHz源相反，能量收获电池组充电电路被指定采用915MHz。此外，只用约1GHz指定用于能量收获的充电泵的二极管。尽管如此，实验仍确认从无线保真度接入点收获能量以提高电压的能力，从而表明电池组上电荷增加。
一般说来，虽然本发明不受限制，但本发明的方法和设备可以有利地同小尺寸的远程台一起使用。例如，包含功率存储设备的远程台可以具有小于约12英寸的宽度，小于约12英寸的长度，和小于约2英寸的厚度。
会充分了解，本发明提供一种激励功率存储设备的方法，在该设备中把能源从基地台传送到远程台。能量可以是无线保真度标准频率范围内的RF功率。无线接收能量，远程台的电路系统把能量转换成DC功率，随后把DC功率传送到功率存储设备。
本发明可以有利地用于小型印刷电路板，例如具有约5毫米到5厘米侧面尺寸的方形配置的电路板。
优选地，本发明的方法和设备包括把一个在电子芯片或印刷电路板上形成的天线用作它的天线。可以用远程台的基板上的印刷方法制成天线，从而可利用天线的导电的和电绝缘的部分。远程台可以使用一种与天线结合的或在天线中的LC槽路，使天线的有效面积大于其物理面积。
尽管出于说明目的，上文描述了本发明的特殊实施例，但本专业技术人员会明白：可以对细节作出许多变更，而不脱离在所附权利要求书中限定的本发明。
Claims (41)
1.一种激励功率存储设备的方法，包括：
提供基地台和远程台，所述远程台具有至少一个用于接收功率的天线和一个功率存储设备；
在空间中把能量从基地台发射到所述远程台；
使用有效天线面积大于物理面积的天线，作为所述的至少一个天线；
用所述天线接收所述发射能量，并且把所述能量转换成DC功率；和
用所述DC功率激励所述功率存储设备。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
所述功率存储设备被操作地联接于一个手持式无线保真产品。
3.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
用约2.4至5.0吉赫的频率发射所述能量。
4.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
所述远程台具有约小于12英寸的宽度，约小于12英寸的长度，和约小于2英寸的厚度。
5.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
以无线保真度标准范围内的频率在空间中把所述能量从所述基地台发射到所述远程台。
6.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
作为无线保真度标准范围内的RF能量，在空间中把所述能量从所述基地台发射到所述远程台。
7.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
所述远程台包括一个无线保真产品。
8.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
所述远程台是一个无线保真产品的部件。
9.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
所述远程台被操作地联接于一个无线保真产品，并且激励所述产品。
10.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
用在电子芯片上形成的天线作所述天线。
11.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
利用导电部分和绝缘部分在基板上印刷的远程台，作为所述远程台。
12.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
在所述天线中使用LC槽路，使天线有效面积大于物理面积。
13.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
使用单片芯片组件作为所述远程台，所述组件包含天线和一个用于有效地接收和转换所述能量的电路系统。
14.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
使用有印刷电路系统和印刷天线的台，作所述远程台。
15.根据权利要求11的方法，包括：
使用在非导电基板上印刷的导电天线，作所述印刷天线。
16.根据权利要求15的方法，包括：
在所述天线的顶上，使用一层有特定电容和电绝缘性质的材料。
17.根据权利要求1的方法，包括：
在用于手持式无线保真产品的功率存储设备上，使用所述方法。
18.一种用于远程地激励功率存储设备的设备，包括：
基地台，用于在空间中把能量发射到远程台；和
远程台，具有用于接收所述发射能量以激励功率存储设备的装置；
所述远程台具有一个或多个天线，其中至少一个天线具有大于物理面积的有效天线面积；和
所述远程台被构造成把所述发射能量转换成DC功率，以激励所述功率存储设备。
19.根据权利要求18的设备，其中：
所述基地台被构造成用无线保真度标准范围内的频率，在空间中把能量发射到所述远程台。
20.根据权利要求18的设备，其中：
所述基地台被构造成用处于无线保真度标准范围内的RF形式，在空间中把能量发射到所述远程台。
21.根据权利要求18的设备，其中：
所述远程台包括无线保真产品。
22.根据权利要求18的设备，其中：
所述远程台是无线保真产品的部件。
23.根据权利要求18的设备，其中：
所述远程台被操作地联结于一个无线保真产品的功率存储设备，并且被构造成激励所述功率存储设备。
24.根据权利要求1的设备，其中：
所述远程台具有电子芯片，在所述电子芯片上形成所述天线装置。
25.根据权利要求1的设备，其中：
所述远程台是利用导电的和绝缘的合成物而印刷于基板上的。
26.根据权利要求1的远程台，其中：
通过在所述天线中使用LC槽路，使天线的有效面积大于其物理面积。
27.根据权利要求18的设备，其中：
所述远程台具有单片芯片组件；所述组件含有至少一个天线，和一个用于有效地接收和转换所述能量的电路系统。
28.根据权利要求27的设备，其中：
所述远程台具有印刷电路系统和被印刷的天线。
29.根据权利要求1的设备，其中：
所述功率存储设备是一个用于手持式无线保真产品的电源。
30.一种具有用于从环境中接收环境能量和激励无线保真产品的功率存储设备的装置的远程台，包括：
一个或多个天线；
一个电路系统，用于按照无线保真度标准范围内的RF频率形式，把所述发射能量转换成DC功率，以激励所述功率存储设备；和
至少一个有效天线面积大于物理面积的天线。
31.根据权利要求30的远程台，其中：
所述设备具有一个电子芯片在其上形成有所述天线。
32.根据权利要求30的远程台，其中：
利用导电的和绝缘的组成物，把远程台印刷到基板上。
33.根据权利要求30的远程台，其中：
通过在所述天线中使用LC槽路，使天线的有效面积大于其物理面积。
34.根据权利要求30的远程台，其中：
所述环境能量是RF功率。
35.一种用于激励远程台的功率存储设备的方法，包括：
给远程台提供一种能量接收天线，用于从环境中接收无线保真度标准范围内的RF频率形式的环境能量。
36.根据权利要求35的方法，包括：
使用在电子芯片上形成的天线。
37.根据权利要求35的方法，包括：
使用采用了导电的和绝缘的部分在基板上印刷而成的远程台，作为所述远程台。
38.根据权利要求35的方法，包括：
使用所述天线中的LC槽路，建立大于物理面积的有效天线面积。
39.根据权利要求35的方法，包括：
所述远程台是一个无线保真产品的部件。
40.根据权利要求35的方法，包括：
所述远程台包括一个无线保真产品。
41.根据权利要求35的方法，包括：
所述远程台被操作地联接于一个无线保真产品。
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- 2004-05-14 CN CNA2004800172680A patent/CN1868141A/zh active Pending
- 2004-05-14 EP EP04752290A patent/EP1636861A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-05-14 JP JP2006533093A patent/JP2007516686A/ja active Pending
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2005
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103887602A (zh) * | 2007-06-13 | 2014-06-25 | 索凡特科技有限公司 | 可重构天线的改进及与其相关的改进 |
| CN102546031A (zh) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-07-04 | 李百祺 | 无线功率传输系统、无线功率传送装置与无线功率接收装置 |
| CN102546031B (zh) * | 2010-12-16 | 2016-02-24 | 李百祺 | 无线功率传输系统、无线功率传送装置与无线功率接收装置 |
| CN107039750A (zh) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-08-11 | 艾诺格思公司 | 天线、制造天线的方法以及用于为电池无线充电的设备 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1636861A2 (en) | 2006-03-22 |
| WO2004105157A3 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
| JP2007516686A (ja) | 2007-06-21 |
| US7403803B2 (en) | 2008-07-22 |
| WO2004105157A2 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
| US20060058076A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
| EP1636861A4 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
| US20040259604A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
| US7383064B2 (en) | 2008-06-03 |
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