CN1886098B - 接骨板 - Google Patents
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- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/80—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
- A61B17/8052—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates immobilised relative to screws by interlocking form of the heads and plate holes, e.g. conical or threaded
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- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
- A61B17/8605—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
- A61B17/866—Material or manufacture
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Abstract
接骨板(1)呈一“X”的形状。它具有一上表面(8)、一骨头侧的下表面(9)、一中间部分(2)和一与中间部分(2)相邻的边缘区域(3),此边缘区域(3)具有“X”的四个臂,四个板孔(4)设置在其上。板孔(4)具有装置(5),其用来刚性地、角度稳固地锚定待插入其中的骨螺钉(10)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种接骨板。
背景技术
从US 5,868,746 SARVER中可知一同类的接骨板。这个文献公开了一X形的接骨板,其在四个臂上有四个孔。这种已知的X板的缺陷是,四个孔没有用于将待插入其中的螺钉以刚性的、角度稳固的方式与板相连接的装置。
由德国公开文献DE-A 40 38 082 OJIMA可知一双T形板,其示出了四个分别具有一螺纹的板孔,这些板孔可用来容纳相应的螺纹头螺钉。这种板的缺陷是,它不是构成为X形。因此在折弯或扭转时,这种板沿着它的纵轴具有差的应力分布,因而它基本上只能在一个方向上受载,即在压力方向上。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,提供一种接骨板,其在各方面都可以把两块骨头或骨折部分稳固地固定。另一目的是,在最小入侵的情况下获得对弯曲、旋转及压力负载的抵抗力的最佳的结合。
本发明的接骨板具有“X”的形状,包括一上表面、一骨头侧的下表面、一中间部分和一与中间部分相邻的边缘区域,所述边缘区域包含“X”的四个臂并且在此边缘区域内设置至少四个板孔,其中所述板孔设置在“X”的四个臂的端部上并且所述板孔中的至少一个具有装置,此装置适合于刚性地、角度稳固地锚定待插入其中的骨螺钉;接骨板在板孔区域内的厚度大于在各板孔之间的区域内的厚度;“X”的四个臂相对于中间部分是能够弯曲的,因此接骨板能够适应骨头的轮廓;并且所述装置由一内螺纹构成。
通过本发明实现的优点主要由以下可知,其中:
A)与H形或双T形板相比,实现了有利的应力分布;
B)通过把螺钉角度稳固地锚定在板上,实现了更高的并且尤其是刚性的稳定;
C)可以给每块骨头、骨折部分或骨切开部分配对物(osteotomypartner)配备两个螺钉,从而达到旋转稳定性。
在一特别的实施例中,板孔中的至少一个具有一不与中间部分的法线平行的中心轴线。因此在接骨板折弯时可以通过两个中间轴线中的一个来避免插入到板孔中的螺钉彼此碰撞。特别是所述至少一个具有装置的板孔具有一与中间部分的法线不平行的中心轴线。因此,一个角度稳固的螺钉能够这样设置,使得它经由骨切开部分或骨折部分,这赋予两个骨折部分之间的连接更高的稳定性。当处于不利的力比例时,能够阻止接骨板向上折弯。
在另一实施例中,所述具有装置的、具有一与中间部分的法线不平行的中心轴线的板孔的数量是两个、三个或四个。
板孔的至少一部分朝向骨头侧的下表面呈圆锥形逐渐变细,从而构成了适合于刚性地、角度稳固地锚定待插入其中的骨螺钉的装置。但此装置也可以由内螺纹构成。
在另一实施例中,四个板孔设置在一矩形的各角上。因而可以通过每块骨折部分各插入两个螺钉来实现一更高的旋转稳定性。
这些板孔还可以具有彼此不平行地延伸的各中心轴线。优点是,可以使用倾斜地安装在板孔中的螺钉,以便与骨切开部分、骨折部分或关节相交,因此稳定性不仅可以从与骨螺钉相连的接骨板上获得,而且从骨螺钉自身获得。
各板孔的中心轴线还可以在接骨板的骨头侧的下表面的下方彼此会聚。由此可以避免,插入到接骨板中的螺钉在板弯曲的情况下彼此相撞。
板孔的中心轴线还可以在一点处相交。因此,接骨板在每个方向上都可使用,不必注意特定的倾斜角度。接骨板的中间部分的中心处的法线也同样可以通过此点延伸。
在另一实施例中,接骨板位于一平面中。此外它还可以具有两个 彼此垂直的对称平面。
可以有至少两个骨螺钉与接骨板一起使用,所述骨螺钉设有一螺钉头和一螺钉杆,其中至少一个骨螺钉的螺钉头具有允许在板孔中刚性地、角度稳固地锚定的机构。优选所述至少一个的骨螺钉的螺钉头构成为圆锥形。骨螺钉的螺钉头上还可以带有一外螺纹。所述至少一个骨螺钉的螺钉头还可以由一种比在板孔区域内的接骨板材料更硬的材料制成,其中螺钉头具有一外螺纹,在此外螺纹旋进板孔内时切出一相应的螺纹。
螺钉头的所有三个构造(圆锥体、外螺纹、更硬的材料)形成了机构,其实现了在板孔中刚性的、角度稳固的锚定。
通过这四个板孔形成的四边形优选具有10到40mm的高度,和10到40mm的宽度。
由“X”的四个臂构成的角的至少一部分可以是倒圆的,由此通过整平峰值应力达到一更好的应力分布。
在另一实施例中,接骨板在板孔区域内的厚度大于在各板孔之间的区域内的厚度。由此接骨板是更少侵入的。相反在环绕板孔的区域内,由于圆锥形的螺钉头,所以不要低于一定的最小高度。另一优点在于,在接骨板折弯时板孔不会变形或变形很小。
在另一实施例中,接骨板“X”的四个臂相对于中间部分是可以弯曲的,因此它能够适应骨头的轮廓。
附图说明
以下借助多个实施例的部分示意图进一步描述了本发明及本发明的进一步构造。其中:
图1具有四个圆锥形板孔的X形接骨板的透视图;
图2图1中接骨板的俯视图;
图3图1中接骨板的方案的透视图,其中具有插入其中的骨螺钉;
图4图3中一骨螺钉的透视图。
具体实施方式
在图1和2中所示的接骨板1包括一上表面8、一骨头侧的下表面9、一中间部分2和一与中间部分2相邻的边缘区域3,在此边缘区域中设有四个板孔4。这四个板孔4具有装置5,所述装置5适合于刚性地、角度稳固地锚定待插入其中的骨螺钉10。此装置5这样构成,即板孔4朝向骨头侧的下表面9呈圆锥形逐渐变细。具有一相应构成为圆锥形的螺钉头11的骨螺钉10能够角度稳固的、刚性的方式与接骨板1连接在一起。
如图3所示,此装置5可以附加地具有一个内螺纹14。
接骨板1呈“X”形,其中边缘区域3具有“X”的四个臂。这四个板孔4都设置在“X”四个臂的端部上,位于一假想矩形的各角上。由“X”的这四个臂构成的角是倒圆的。
这四个板孔4分别具有中心轴线6,所述中心轴线在接骨板1的骨头侧的下表面9的下方彼此会聚,并基本在一点7处相交。位于接骨板1的中间部分2中心处的法线经过这一点7(图3)。因此接骨板1具有两个彼此垂直的对称平面。
如图3所示,接骨板1可以容纳四个骨螺钉10(图4),各骨螺钉设有一个螺钉头11和一个螺钉杆12,其中螺钉头11具有构成为圆锥形外螺纹的机构13,其允许在板孔4中的刚性的、角度稳固的锚定。
此接骨板1位于一平面上,可以按使用者的意愿进行折弯。其还可以预弯曲地供使用者使用。
Claims (19)
1.一种接骨板(1),具有“X”的形状,包括一上表面(8)、一骨头侧的下表面(9)、一中间部分(2)和一与中间部分相邻的边缘区域(3),所述边缘区域包含“X”的四个臂并且在此边缘区域内设置至少四个板孔(4),其中:
A)接骨板(1)在板孔(4)区域内的厚度大于在各板孔之间的区域内的厚度;
B)“X”的四个臂相对于中间部分(2)是能够弯曲的,因此接骨板(1)能够适应骨头的轮廓;以及
C)所述板孔(4)中的至少一个具有装置(5),此装置(5)适合于刚性地、角度稳固地锚定待插入其中的骨螺钉(10),
其特征在于,装置(5)由一内螺纹构成。
2.按权利要求1所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,所述板孔(4)中的至少一个具有一与中间部分(2)的法线不平行的中心轴线(6)。
3.按权利要求2所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,所述至少一个具有装置(5)的板孔(4)具有一与中间部分(2)的法线不平行的中心轴线(6)。
4.按权利要求3所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,所述具有装置(5)的、具有一与中间部分(2)的法线不平行的中心轴线(6)的板孔(4)的数量N是两个、三个或四个。
5.按权利要求1至4之任一所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,所述板孔(4)的至少一部分朝向骨头侧的下表面(9)呈圆锥形逐渐变细,从而构成装置(5)。
6.按权利要求1至4之任一所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,接骨板(1)具有至少两个骨螺钉(10),所述骨螺钉分别设有一螺钉头(11)和一螺钉杆(12),其中所述骨螺钉(10)中的至少一个的螺钉头(11)具有机构(13),此机构(13)允许骨螺钉在板孔(4)中刚性地、角度稳固地锚定。
7.按权利要求1至4之任一所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,四个板孔(4)设置在矩形的各角上。
8.按权利要求1至4之任一所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,板孔(4)具有彼此不平行地延伸的中心轴线(6)。
9.按权利要求8所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,所述各中心轴线(6)在接骨板(1)的骨头侧的下表面(9)的下方彼此会聚。
10.按权利要求9所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,所述各中心轴线(6)基本在一点(7)处相交。
11.按权利要求10所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,位于中间部分(2)中心处的法线通过点(7)延伸。
12.按权利要求1至4之任一所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,该接骨板位于一个平面内。
13.按权利要求1至4之任一所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,该接骨板具有两个彼此垂直的对称平面。
14.按权利要求6所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,所述至少一个骨螺钉(10)的螺钉头(11)构成为圆锥形并且用作机构(13)。
15.按权利要求6所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,所述至少一个的骨螺钉(10)的螺钉头(11)具有一用作机构(13)的外螺纹。
16.按权利要求6所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,所述至少一个的骨螺钉(10)的螺钉头(11)由一种比在板孔(4)区域内的接骨板(1)的材料更硬的材料制成,并且由此用作机构(13)。
17.按权利要求1至4之任一所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,通过四个板孔(4)形成的四边形具有10到40mm的高度。
18.按权利要求1至4之任一所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,通过四个板孔(4)形成的四边形具有10到40mm的宽度。
19.按权利要求1至4之任一所述的接骨板(1),其特征在于,由“X”的四个臂构成的角的至少一部分是倒圆的。
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PCT/CH2003/000838 WO2005060846A1 (de) | 2003-12-22 | 2003-12-22 | Knochenplatte |
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US (1) | US8512384B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1696810B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2007515191A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1886098B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003286076B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0318677A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2551177C (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ548008A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL212983B1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI383768B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2005060846A1 (zh) |
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- 2003-12-22 EP EP03776750.6A patent/EP1696810B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-22 NZ NZ548008A patent/NZ548008A/en unknown
- 2003-12-22 WO PCT/CH2003/000838 patent/WO2005060846A1/de active Application Filing
- 2003-12-22 PL PL380016A patent/PL212983B1/pl unknown
- 2003-12-22 JP JP2005512276A patent/JP2007515191A/ja active Pending
- 2003-12-22 CA CA2551177A patent/CA2551177C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-22 AU AU2003286076A patent/AU2003286076B2/en not_active Ceased
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2004
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2551177C (en) | 2012-10-09 |
EP1696810B1 (de) | 2019-01-23 |
AU2003286076A1 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
CA2551177A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
PL212983B1 (pl) | 2012-12-31 |
CN1886098A (zh) | 2006-12-27 |
BR0318677A (pt) | 2006-11-28 |
AU2003286076B2 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
TW200520724A (en) | 2005-07-01 |
WO2005060846A1 (de) | 2005-07-07 |
US20070073298A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
EP1696810A1 (de) | 2006-09-06 |
NZ548008A (en) | 2009-09-25 |
PL380016A1 (pl) | 2006-12-11 |
JP2007515191A (ja) | 2007-06-14 |
US8512384B2 (en) | 2013-08-20 |
TWI383768B (zh) | 2013-02-01 |
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