CN1926851B - 通过深度信息优化捕获装置设置的方法和设备 - Google Patents

通过深度信息优化捕获装置设置的方法和设备 Download PDF

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CN1926851B
CN1926851B CN2004800423797A CN200480042379A CN1926851B CN 1926851 B CN1926851 B CN 1926851B CN 2004800423797 A CN2004800423797 A CN 2004800423797A CN 200480042379 A CN200480042379 A CN 200480042379A CN 1926851 B CN1926851 B CN 1926851B
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image capture
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CN1926851A (zh
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R·L·马克斯
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Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/222Studio circuitry; Studio devices; Studio equipment
    • H04N5/2224Studio circuitry; Studio devices; Studio equipment related to virtual studio applications
    • H04N5/2226Determination of depth image, e.g. for foreground/background separation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/63Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders
    • H04N23/633Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders for displaying additional information relating to control or operation of the camera
    • H04N23/635Region indicators; Field of view indicators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/72Combination of two or more compensation controls
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/222Studio circuitry; Studio devices; Studio equipment
    • H04N5/262Studio circuits, e.g. for mixing, switching-over, change of character of image, other special effects ; Cameras specially adapted for the electronic generation of special effects
    • H04N5/272Means for inserting a foreground image in a background image, i.e. inlay, outlay
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63FCARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F2300/00Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game
    • A63F2300/10Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game characterized by input arrangements for converting player-generated signals into game device control signals
    • A63F2300/1012Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game characterized by input arrangements for converting player-generated signals into game device control signals involving biosensors worn by the player, e.g. for measuring heart beat, limb activity
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63FCARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F2300/00Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game
    • A63F2300/10Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game characterized by input arrangements for converting player-generated signals into game device control signals
    • A63F2300/1087Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game characterized by input arrangements for converting player-generated signals into game device control signals comprising photodetecting means, e.g. a camera
    • A63F2300/1093Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game characterized by input arrangements for converting player-generated signals into game device control signals comprising photodetecting means, e.g. a camera using visible light
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63FCARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F2300/00Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game
    • A63F2300/60Methods for processing data by generating or executing the game program
    • A63F2300/69Involving elements of the real world in the game world, e.g. measurement in live races, real video

Abstract

提供一种用于调整图像捕获装置的图像捕获设置的方法。所述方法以识别场景的步骤开始。然后,捕获场景的图像。所述方法包括从定义场景图像的数据产生场景的深度掩模。然后,根据深度掩模的位值调整与捕获的图像的前景区域和背景区域中的任何一个或两者内的物体对应的像素值。提供一种图像捕获装置和系统。

Description

通过深度信息优化捕获装置设置的方法和设备
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及图像捕获技术,更具体地说,涉及借助于通过深度信息启动的调整增强捕获的场景图像。
背景技术
图像捕获装置,不论是摄像机还是基于视频的装置,一般都具有有限的对比度,这是场景最暗和最亮部分之间差值的量度。一个示范性场景可以包括在阴影下的人和具有明亮太阳光的背景。当图像捕获装置对场景的背景正确地曝光时,阴影下人的面部几乎没有细节。
自动曝光和自动增益特征一般用来设定捕获装置的亮度级。这些特征往往是针对整个场景采取的,并将其平均,应用于某些曝光或增益设置。尽管对于具有大量的图像和颜色的场景,平均可能很起作用,但是随着场景变化减少,这个方案迅速失效。
一种解决当前捕获装置对比度有限的问题的尝试是使用后照明特征。例如,在背景有明亮光源,例如太阳光的地方,后照明补偿将拍摄场景的中心,并用所述区域作为平均。这样做,可以使场景的中心变亮,而同时使边沿的明亮太阳光退色或变暗。后照明补偿的缺点是要变亮的物体必须位于所述场景的中心。另外,用场景的一个区域,而不是实际的物体本身来计算平均值,这可能造成某些显示失真。另外,在场景不同的区域有多个前景图像的地方,后照明补偿不提供解决方案。另外,采用后照明补偿,前景物体变亮,但是,这是以牺牲背景中的细节为代价的。因而,要求用户在前景细节和背景细节中间作出选择。这些缺点的某些方面可能扩展到可以用于交互式娱乐用途的视频捕获装置。例如,在把用户的图像编入视频游戏中的地方,如上面所描述的,明亮的光源可能对所显示的图像起消极的作用。这种有害的作用除显示质量不良的图像以外,还可能妨碍对图像的物体的跟踪。
因此,有必要解决先有技术的这个问题,以便提供既针对前景又针对背景调整其曝光/增益及其他有关参数来产生图像的系统和方法。
发明内容
概括地讲,本发明通过提供允许对场景,例如前景和背景图像进行分段调整的方法和系统来满足这些需求,其中通过深度掩模来识别前景和背景图像。应该认识到,可以用许多方法(包括过程、系统或装置)来实现本发明。
按照本发明的第一方面,提供了一种用于区分正在通过图像捕获装置捕获的场景内的前景物体和背景物体的方法,该方法包括下列步骤:从光源向所述场景的物体发射光线;打开光圈盖,允许来自所述光源的反射光进入所述图像捕获装置的传感器;在设定的时间之后闭合所述光圈盖,所述预定的时间量对应于光传播的最大距离;根据所述设定的时间期间捕获的光产生识别所述场景的前景区域内的物体的深度掩模,使得以第一位值识别所述前景区域内的物体并且以第二位值识别背景区域内的物体;以及在捕获所述场景的后续的相应的图像之前,根据所述深度掩模的第一位值和第二位值调整图像捕获装置参数,将所述图像捕获装置参数应用于所述前景区域内和背景区域内的物体,以便在应用被调整的图像捕获装置参数之后示出和显示所述前景区域和背景区域的细节。
按照本发明的第二方面,提供了一种用于调整图像捕获装置的图像捕获设置的方法,该方法包括下列步骤:识别场景;捕获所述场景的图像;从定义所述场景图像的数据产生所述场景的深度掩模;以及调整与所述捕获的图像的前景区域和背景区域中的物体对应的像素值。
按照本发明的第三方面,提供了一种配置成提供场景图像的图像捕获装置,该装置包括:深度逻辑,它配置成提供与所述场景相关联的深度掩模,所述深度掩模配置成区分所述场景内的前景物体和背景物体;以及图像捕获逻辑,它配置成根据所述深度掩模的相应的位值调整与所述图像相关联的特性,其中所述位值确定所述相应的像素是否与所述前景物体和所述背景物体相关联。
按照本发明的第四方面,提供了一种系统,该系统包括:计算装置;与所述计算装置通信的显示屏幕,所述显示屏幕配置成显示场景的图像;与所述计算装置通信的视频捕获装置,所述视频捕获装置向所述计算装置提供用于显示在所述显示屏幕上的场景图像数据,所述视频捕获装置包括:深度逻辑,它配置成提供与所述场景相关联的深度掩模,所述深度掩模配置成区分所述场景内的前景物体和背景物体;以及图像捕获逻辑,它配置成根据深度信息调整与所述图像数据的每一个像素相关联的特性,所述图像捕获逻辑配置成调整前景物体和背景物体的特性,以便在所述调整之后在显示屏幕上示出和显示前景物体和背景物体的细节。
下面描述本发明的几个有创造性的实施例。
在一个实施例中,提供一种用于区分正在通过图像捕获装置捕获的场景内的前景物体和背景物体的方法。所述方法以从光源向场景的物体发射光束开始。所述方法包括打开光圈盖,为来自所述光源的反射光进入图像捕获装置的传感器作好准备。然后,在预定时间之后关闭光圈盖,其中所述预定的时间量对应于光行进的最大距离。接着,根据在所述预定时间过程中捕获的光,产生识别场景的前景区域内的物体的深度掩模。然后,在捕获所述场景的后续的相应图像之前,根据所述深度掩模的位值调整图像捕获装置的参数。
在另一个实施例中,提供一种用于调整图像捕获装置的图像捕获设置的方法。所述方法以识别场景开始。然后,捕获场景的图像。所述方法包括从定义场景的图像的数据产生场景的深度掩模。然后,根据深度掩模的位值,调整与所捕获的图像的前景区域和背景区域中任何一个或两者内的物体对应的像素值。
在又一个实施例中,提供一种配置成捕获场景的图像的图像捕获装置。图像捕获装置包括配置成提供与场景相关联的深度掩模的深度逻辑。所述深度掩模配置成区分场景内的前景物体和背景物体。所述图像捕获装置还包括配置成根据深度掩模的相应位值调整与图像相关联的特性的图像捕获逻辑。所述位值确定相应的像素是否与前景物体和背景物体中的一个相关联。
在再一个实施例中,提供一种系统。所述系统包括计算装置和与计算装置通信的显示屏幕。显示屏幕配置成显示场景的图像。包括与计算装置通信的视频捕获装置。视频捕获装置向计算装置提供场景图像数据,以便呈现在显示屏幕上。视频捕获装置包括深度逻辑和图像捕获逻辑。深度逻辑配置成提供与场景相关联的深度掩模。深度掩模配置成区分场景内的前景物体和背景物体。图像捕获逻辑配置成根据深度掩模的相应数据调整与图像数据每一个像素相关联的特性。深度掩模的数据确定与相应的像素相关联的物体和所述视频捕获装置之间的相对距离。
从结合以举例方式说明本发明原理的附图的以下的详细说明,将明白本发明的其它方面和优点。
附图说明
参照以下结合附图的描述,可以最好地理解本发明以及本发明其他优点。
图1是图解说明具有前景物体和背景物体的场景的简化的示意图,按照本发明的一个实施例通过图像捕获装置捕获所述场景并随后将其显示。
图2是简化的示意图,图解说明按照本发明的一个实施例,产生用于辨别前景物体和背景物体的深度掩模。
图3A和3B是简化的示意图,图解说明按照本发明的一个实施例,在定义前景物体时使能的细节的数量;
图4是图解说明捕获的图像的简化的示意图,按照本发明的一个实施例,通过定义背景图像和前景图像的所述产生的掩模来增强所述捕获的图像。
图5是按照本发明的一个实施例的交互式娱乐系统的简化的示意图,它利用所述掩模的产生来更有效地跟踪用户。
图6是按照本发明的一个实施例的图像捕获装置的简化的示意图。
图7是在本发明中具有配置成区分前景图像和背景图像的逻辑的图像捕获装置的可供选择的示意图。
图8是图解说明按照本发明的一个实施例的用于调整图像捕获装置的图像捕获设置的操作方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种用于区分场景的前景物体和背景物体并且随后根据所述物体是位于前景还是背景中来调整图像或视频特性的系统和方法。作为另一方案,可以根据物体和图像捕获装置之间的相对距离来调整图像或视频特性。在以下描述中,提出许多具体细节,以便提供对本发明的透彻理解。但是,对本专业的技术人员来说,不用这些具体细节中的一些或全部,显然也可以实施本发明。在其他实例中,众所周知的过程步骤将不详细描述,以免不必要地模糊本发明。
本发明的实施例提供使用户不必在场景的前景物体和背景物体之间进行选择的方法和系统。可以通过利用深度信息把场景分割为不同深度的区域。另外,深度信息为定义图像的精确轮廓线作好准备,从而提供控制图像捕获装置参数(例如曝光/增益/亮度/增益和焦点)的具体和准确的机制。基于深度信息的分割法使得有可能把不同的参数值赋予数字捕获装置的不同的像素区域。因而,通过下面描述的实施例,使得对于前景和背景两者,具有适当调整的曝光/增益的图像成为可能。通过前景/背景深度掩模来捕获基于深度的区段,可以通过具有深度能力的图像捕获装置或通过利用飞行截止时间的光脉冲/闪光技术来建立深度掩模,下面将更详细讨论这两者。
图1是简化的示意图,图解说明按照本发明一个实施例的正在被图像捕获装置捕获和随后被显示的具有前景物体和背景物体的场景。图像捕获装置100配置成捕获场景图像,在所述场景中人102处在前景中并且处在背景风景104中。然后将捕获的场景图像显示在显示板106上。显示板106可以是附于图像捕获装置100的显示板,例如,液晶显示器(LCD)面板,其中图像捕获装置是数字摄像机或摄录一体机。作为另一方案,显示板106可以远离图像捕获装置100,例如电视屏幕,其中图像捕获装置是与计算装置配合使用的网上摄摄像机(webcam),诸如游戏控制台。如下面将要更详细描述的,前景图像102和背景风景104可以具有它们的独立补偿的相应的图像或视频特性,与它们在前景中或背景中的位置无关。尽管在图1中只有单个前景图像102,但是应该认识到,可以捕获多个前景图像。可以根据深度信息独立地调整多个前景图像中每一个的图像或视频特性。如在这里使用的,图像或视频特性可以指图像显示的可以调整的亮度、曝光、增益、焦点及其他适当的特性。应该认识到,图像或视频特性可以简单地称为特性并对应于通过这里描述的实施例改善图像数据显示质量的固有的图像数据。另外,图像捕获装置100可以是数字式静物摄像机、单透镜反光取景摄像机、视频捕获装置(诸如网上摄像机或摄录一体机)、或任何其它适当的图像捕获装置。
图1的图像捕获装置100能够产生掩模并将其用来识别物体是处于前景区域还是处于背景区域,如下面将要更详细描述的。然后可以利用所述掩模来补偿前景和背景区域,以便提供对于两个区域内的物体都显示出细节的后续显示。例如,使用后照明补偿来减小明亮光源(诸如太阳108)对场景的影响,导致形成前景物体,亦即物体102的细节,而同时背景图像退色。尽管在显示板106上图解说明太阳108,它只是为了举例来说的目的而表示的,而且场景不必包括受太阳光的消极影响的太阳的实际图像。不用后照明补偿,前景物体将变暗,在结果显示中丢失它们相应的细节。采用下面更详细描述的深度掩模能力,可以确定场景中前景和背景的精确位置以及背景物体。这个位置可以转化为结果场景图像,以便操纵相应的像素值来增强结果图像。另外,可以调整图像捕获装置的设置,包括影响结果图像的图像或视频特性的机械的和电气的设置,以便为场景提供优化的设置。
在图像捕获装置100是视频捕获装置,例如,网上摄像机的地方,由掩模提供的通过深度信息使其成为可能的增强功能,可以应用于所捕获的视频帧,以便改善或增强图像显示。例如,在视频捕获装置用来跟踪随后结合到交互式娱乐用途中的物体或个人的地方,所述掩模可以应用来防止当在存在明亮光源的情况下跟踪物体或个人时遇到困难。相对于家庭环境中视频游戏应用,诸如受让人拥有的EYETOYTM应用程序,被跟踪并结合到视频游戏中的用户可能定位在窗口前。如下面参照图4更详细解释的,若窗口允许来自明亮光源的光通过窗口,则用户可能变得退色,而窗口将变为捕获装置的焦点。应该认识到,若用户不处于捕获区域的中心,则后照明补偿技术在这里不会起作用。
图2是简化的示意图,图解说明按照本发明的一个实施例产生用于区分前景物体和背景物体的深度掩模。应该指出,术语″深度掩模″和″掩模″,如在这里用的,可交换使用,并可以包括多个深度层。例如,前景和背景代表2个深度层,但是,场景可以分割为两个以上深度层。图像捕获装置100包括光源110。在一个实施例中,光源110发出被前景物体114和116反射的闪光或光脉冲。反射光最后被设置在图像捕获装置100的透镜112后面的传感器捕获。当然,光源110可以是一般摄像机用的闪光灯。本专业的技术人员将会认识到,传感器可以设置在图像捕获装置上的任意位置,就是说,它能够在一段限定的时段里接收来自场景内前景物体的反射光。
因为光的速度是已知的,图2的图像捕获装置100可以配置成从光源110以脉冲方式产生闪光并且打开图像捕获装置100的光圈,以便接收来自前景物体的反射光。光圈在预定的时间量里保持打开。这样设定所述预定的时间量,使得从光源110出发并反射回图像捕获装置100的光传播一段限定的最大距离值。以线条117的形式图解说明离开图像捕获装置100的所述最大距离。因此,从过了线条117之后的源被反射的任何光线都不会被图像捕获装置接收,因为在所述反射光达到图像捕获装置的传感器之前,光圈已经关闭。当然,环境光,亦即不是由来自光源的闪光产生的光被从接收的光中减去。
各种各样的技术可以用来通过飞行时间确定前景物体。一种技术是通过使用在环境光中不存在的光频率。作为另一方案,可以在没有开灯的情况下拍摄场景图像,然后利用来自光源的光拍摄图像。然后可以通过以下方法确定所述光源产生的光:从利用光源拍摄的图像减去不是所述光源产生的光,亦即,在没有开灯的情况下拍摄的图像。在又一个替代方案中,可以通过建立表示必须有多少光照到每一个像素的阈值,把来自光源的反射光量从环境光区别出来。因而,小于所述阈值的数值不会被认为是来自所述装置的光,而大于或等于所述阈值的数值将被认为是源自所述装置的光源的光。再一个替代方案是采取使用调制光源的方法。这里,以调制格式(例如正弦波)产生来自光源的光。所选定的频率取决这样的范围,其中不多于一个调制周期覆盖从所述光源开始并回到所述装置的整个所述范围。
在一个实施例中,所述最大距离值定义为离图像捕获装置约四米。从这些数据,建立深度掩模并将其存储在图像捕获装置的存储器中。然后可以把这个深度掩模与同时或后续捕获的场景图像配合使用,以便相应地针对前景物体和背景物体补偿图像或视频特性。对本专业的技术人员来说,显然,光源110可以发射任何适当波长的光。在一个实施例中,从光源110发射红外光。
在另一个实施例中,通过反射光定义的深度掩模是二进制位掩模。这里,第一逻辑值分配给掩模中与前景图像相关联的位置,而同时第二逻辑值分配给与背景图像相关联的位置。因而,在图像捕获装置100是数字装置的地方,可以操纵与深度掩模相关联的图像的像素数据,以便调整前景和背景图像的亮度。在图像捕获装置是传统的摄像机的地方,可以通过上述闪光方案来检测前景和背景图像。根据前景和背景图像的检测,可以在拍摄场景图像之前调整摄像机的曝光、增益、亮度、焦点等摄像机设置。如上所述,可以为了操纵由图像捕获装置接收的光量而改变光圈尺寸。当然,在其它机械的或电气的设置影响结果照片质量的地方,可以调整机械的和电气的设置。因而,前景和背景特性两个都可以调整,而不是必须在前景和背景之间进行选择。
图3A和3B是简化的示意图,图解说明按照本发明的一个实施例在定义前景物体时允许的细节数量。图3A图解说明显示屏幕120,具有由矩形区域122定义的前景物体。图3B表示显示屏幕120,图解说明前景物体124,其中已经定义一个掩模,如这里描述的,以便捕获前景图像的精确的轮廓线。就是说,在当前的自动对焦、自动增益、后照明补偿技术的情况下,一般把作为图像捕获装置的目标的场景中心表示为一个区域而且无法钩勒出精确图像。因而,如在图3A中图解说明的,矩形区域122包括前景物体以及其它图像数据。另外,前景物体必须处于图像的中心区域,不然自动对焦、自动增益或后照明补偿特征就不会起作用。反之,深度掩模捕获任何前景物体,而与它在场景内的位置无关。另外,前景物体是在不包括任何附加的图像数据的情况下捕获的。如上所述,对于数字装置,对于任何前景物体的图像或视频特性都可以通过调整像素值操纵。相对于传统的电影摄影机,可以通过对深度掩模机械的或电气的校准响应来操纵增益、曝光、聚焦和亮度。
图4是简化的示意图,图解说明按照本发明的一个实施例通过为定义背景和前景图像而产生的掩模增强捕获的图像。这里,图像场景128可以是正在被图像捕获装置(诸如视频摄像机或参与者130被结合到交互式游戏应用程序中的交互式游戏应用程序的网上摄像机)捕获的场景。示范性交互式游戏应用程序是EYETOY交互式游戏应用程序。这里,参与者130站在网上摄像机或某些其它适当的视频捕获装置前面。在参与者130后面是窗口132。应该认识到,在明亮的光线通过窗口132照射的地方,由图像捕获装置捕获的结果参与者130图像将变暗。在其中跟踪用户是很重要的组成部分的交互式视频游戏应用程序中,在明亮的光线使用户的图像变暗的地方,跟踪将变得困难。因而,在视频摄像机包括这里描述的实施例的地方,将能够更轻易地跟踪用户。就是说,如上面所描述地产生的掩模可以用来操纵像素值,以便降低其亮度。
图5是交互式娱乐系统的简化的示意图,按照本发明的一个实施例,所述系统利用所产生的掩模更有效地跟踪用户。这里,图像捕获装置100配置成捕获用户134的图像,以便使用户的图像显示在显示屏幕136上。图像捕获装置100与计算装置138通信,计算装置138又与显示屏幕136通信。正如可以看到的,用户134的图像135显示在显示屏幕136上。因而,在用户134移动时,通过图像捕获装置100捕获这个运动并显示在显示屏幕136上,以便与娱乐应用程序互相作用。如上所述,图像捕获装置配置成补偿通过窗口132输入的明亮的光线。
仍旧参见图5,图像捕获装置100是视频捕获装置。这里,可以按照相应的深度掩模调整与每一个视频帧相关联的像素数据。在一个实施例中,为每一个视频帧产生深度掩模。在另一个实施例中,每x帧产生深度掩模,其中x可以是任何整数。在所述实施例中,对于与掩模无联系的帧,来自与掩模相关联的以前最后一帧的图像或视频特性被应用于与掩模无联系的帧。因而,可以针对若干数目的帧冻结图像或视频特性,直到新的掩模产生为止。显然,对本专业的技术人员来说,这里描述的功能的处理可以通过计算装置138的处理器完成。但是,深度掩模可以通过图像捕获装置100产生,并存储在图像捕获装置的存储器中。当然,图像捕获装置会包含用于执行所述功能的微处理器,以便产生深度掩模和调整图像或视频特性或调整所述装置的参数。
图5的图像捕获装置100可以通过参照图2所描述的技术产生所述掩模,但是,作为另一方案,图像捕获装置100可以包括深度捕获逻辑,诸如3DV SYSTEM′s ZCAMTM或类似的可以通过CANESTA(公司)在市场上购得的产品。深度捕获逻辑包括图像传感器,图像传感器捕获场景中每一个像素的深度值,以便建立这里所讨论的待使用的深度掩模。应该指出,尽管在图5中只描绘单一用户134,但是应该指出,在这里描述的实施例中可以包含多个用户。因为深度掩模使前景物体和背景物体的图像或视频特性得以调整,它不要求用户134位于图像捕获装置100捕获的区域的中间或其它任何特定区域。还应该意识到,图5所表达的示范性系统是上述的EYETOY系统。
图6是按照本发明的一个实施例的图像捕获装置的简化的示意图。图像捕获装置100包括深度逻辑140、图像捕获装置逻辑142和存储器144,它们全都彼此通信。如这里所描述的,深度逻辑140包括配置成产生掩模以便图像捕获装置100借助于所述深度信息增强所捕获的图像的电路。例如,深度逻辑140可以产生掩模,以便区分图像场景内的前景物体和背景物体,而且这掩模将存储在存储器144中。然后,将增强由图像捕获装置逻辑142捕获和加工的图像的相应的场景。就是说,如这里描述的,根据深度掩模所确定的在所述场景内物体位于前景或背景,操纵某些图像或视频特性。在一个实施例中,深度逻辑140通过按钮141或其它某些适当的激活机构激活。因而,用户具有激活所述深度逻辑的选项,以便增强图像显示或旁路所述图像显示。
图7是本发明中具有配置成区分前景图像和背景图像的逻辑的图像捕获装置的替代的示意图。图像捕获装置100包括透镜150,在透镜150后面是电荷耦合器件(CCD)152。还包括深度逻辑140、微处理器单元(MPU)148和存储器144。图像捕获装置100包括显示板154。对本专业的技术人员来说显而易见的是,尽管图像捕获装置100在图7中被描绘为数字摄像机,但是本发明不限于数字摄像机。深度逻辑模块140可以包括视频捕获装置,以便每一帧或每隔x帧调整图像或视频特性。
图8是流程图,图解说明按照本发明的一个实施例调整图像捕获装置的图像捕获设置的操作方法。以其中识别场景的操作160开始所述方法。这里,图像捕获装置可以用来识别由捕获区域定义的场景。当然,图像捕获装置可以是视频捕获装置。然后所述方法进到操作162,其中产生场景的深度掩模,以便分割前景和背景区域。在一个实施例中,如参照图2所描述的,通过以脉冲方式产生光并捕获从某距离内的物体反射的光来产生深度掩模。这里所述光可以是红外光。在另一个实施例中,图像捕获装置包括能够捕获每一个像素的深度数值的深度逻辑。具有深度逻辑的示范性图像捕获装置是上述的ZCAMTM。然后所述方法进到操作164,其中捕获场景的图像,并且所述捕获的图像对应于所述深度掩模。应该认识到,对于ZCAMTM实施例,操作162和164是同时执行的。所述方法移到操作166,其中调整捕获的图像的前景和背景区域中的一个或两者。这种调整基于以上定义的深度掩模。
例如,深度掩模可以通过位值定义,其中第一位值分配给前景物体,而第二位值分配给背景物体。然后所述调整增强前景物体的亮度,而同时降低背景物体的亮度,其中在一个实施例中存在明亮的光源。在图像捕获装置不是数字装置,例如,SLR摄像机的地方,可以作为由位掩模识别的前景物体和背景物体的结果,对图像捕获装置参数进行机械的或电气的调整。这些机械的或电气的调整可以包括定义与某些曝光量对应的光圈尺寸、特定的聚集程度的透镜设置等。在另一个实施例中,利用图像数据(亦即,标记了所述图像数据每一个像素的距离信息),根据所包括的深度信息调整像素值。本专业的技术人员将会认识到,可以以机械方式或以电子学方式控制光圈尺寸。可以通过芯片上的传感器来执行所述电子控制。因而,利用所述电子控制单独地调整每一个像素。
总而言之,提供一种能够为场景的相应各段产生深度掩模的图像捕获装置。应该认识到,尽管本发明已经就场景的背景和前景段(2层)进行了描述,但是这里描述的实施例可以扩展至场景的任何数目的层。通过所述深度掩模,可以选择性地调整图像的图像或视频特性,而与物体在场景中的位置无关。另外,这里描述的捕获装置能够增强交互式娱乐用途的功能。例如,就其中跟踪用户以便把他的图像结合到视频游戏中的视频游戏应用程序而论,上述捕获装置能够增强对用户的跟踪。用户随意移动至捕获区域的任意位置,而不限于区域,诸如中心区域。另外,在用户移动到明亮的光源,例如通过窗口进来的太阳光的前面时,用户图像的细节不会丢失。就视频捕获装置而论,所述调整可以每若干帧的时间间隔进行一次,以免不断地出现调整。例如,简而言之,若用户把一张黑纸拿到他前面,则所述帧时间间隔延迟将防止用户骤然变暗。另外,若用户暂时离开图像捕获装置的视野并向后走,则避免场景的调整和重新调整。
应该认识到,除交互式娱乐输入装置,亦即,EYETOYTM系统的捕获装置以外,上述实施例还可以扩展至其它系统。例如,视频捕获装置可以使用在视频会议系统,以便为会仪提供增强的视频图像。这里,捕获装置可能不用于跟踪目的,而是用于通过深度信息来增强图像或视频特性。
本发明可以采用各种各样的计算机实现的涉及存储在计算机系统中的数据的操作。这些操作是要求实际地操纵物理量的操作。通常(尽管不一定如此),这些物理量采取能够存储、传输、组合、比较和用其他方法操纵的电或磁信号的形式。另外,所执行的操纵在术语上往往指诸如产生、识别、确定或比较等。
这里描述的构成本发明的一部分的任何操作都是有用的机器操作。本发明还涉及用于执行这些操作的装置或设备。这些设备可以专为要求的目的构造,或它可以是通用计算机,选择性地由存储在计算机中的计算机程序激活或配置。具体地说,各种各样的通用机器可以与按照这里的传授而编写的计算机程序一起使用,或者它可以更方便地构造更专用的设备来执行所需的操作。
尽管为清楚地理解起见上面已经在某种程度上详细地描述了本发明,但显然可以作出某些变化和修改。因此,这些实施例应该认为是示范性的而非限制性的,而且本发明不限于这里给定的细节,而是在所描述的范围和等效物内可以修改的。

Claims (29)

1.一种用于区分正在通过图像捕获装置捕获的场景内的前景物体和背景物体的方法,所述方法包括:
从光源向所述场景的物体发射光线;
打开光圈盖,允许来自所述前景物体的反射光进入所述图像捕获装置的传感器;
在设定的时间之后闭合所述光圈盖,预定的时间量对应于光传播的最大距离;
根据所述设定的时间期间捕获的光产生识别所述场景的前景区域内的物体的深度掩模,使得以第一位值识别所述前景区域内的物体并且以第二位值识别背景区域内的物体;以及
在捕获所述场景的后续的相应的图像之前,根据所述深度掩模的第一位值和第二位值调整图像捕获装置参数,将所述图像捕获装置参数应用于所述前景区域内和背景区域内的物体,以便在应用被调整的图像捕获装置参数之后示出和显示所述前景区域和背景区域的细节。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中还包括:把所述深度掩模存储在所述图像捕获装置的存储器中。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述光源配置成发射红外光。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述打开光圈盖允许来自所述前景物体的反射光进入所述图像捕获装置的传感器的操作方法包括:
接收来自所述前景区域内的物体的反射光。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述在捕获所述场景的后续的相应的图像之前,根据所述深度掩模的第一位值和第二位值调整图像捕获装置参数的操作方法包括:
根据所述深度掩模确定最佳光量;以及
调整所述光圈盖,以便允许所述最佳光量进入所述图像捕获装置。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中从由焦点、亮度、曝光量和增益构成的组中选择所述图像捕获装置参数。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述从光源向所述场景的物体发射光线的操作方法包括:
从所述光源以脉冲方式产生红外光。
8.一种用于调整图像捕获装置的图像捕获设置的方法,包括:
识别场景;
捕获所述场景的图像;
从定义所述场景的图像的数据产生所述场景的深度掩模;以及
根据所述场景的深度掩模调整与所捕获的图像的前景区域和背景区域中的物体对应的像素值。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述从定义所述场景的图像的数据产生所述场景的深度掩模的操作方法包括:
分割所述场景的前景区域和背景区域。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述定义所述场景的图像的数据包括像素数据,其中每一个像素都用距离信息作标记。
11.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述调整与所述捕获的图像的前景区域和背景区域中的物体对应的像素值的操作方法包括:
根据与所述背景区域相关联的像素值,独立地调整与所述前景区域相关联的像素值。
12.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中从由数字摄像机、网上摄像机和摄录一体机组成的组中选择所述图像捕获装置。
13.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中还包括:
显示具有已调整的像素值的所述场景的图像的一部分。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述场景的图像的一部分是用于交互式游戏应用程序的参与者的图像。
15.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述调整与所述捕获的图像的前景区域和背景区域中的物体对应的像素值的操作方法包括:
根据所述深度掩模的位值调整所述像素值。
16.一种配置成提供场景的图像的图像捕获装置,包括:
深度逻辑元件,它配置成提供与所述场景相关联的深度掩模,所述深度掩模配置成区分所述场景内的前景物体和背景物体;以及
图像捕获逻辑元件,它配置成根据所述深度掩模的相应的位值调整与所述图像相关联的特性,其中所述位值确定相应的像素是否与所述前景物体和所述背景物体相关联。
17.如权利要求16所述的图像捕获装置,其中所述深度掩模是位掩模,所述位掩模具有分配来代表所述前景物体的第一逻辑值和分配来代表所述背景物体的第二逻辑值。
18.如权利要求16所述的图像捕获装置,其中还包括:
与所述深度逻辑元件通信的传感器,所述传感器配置成接收从所述前景物体中的一个反射的光信号,对所述光信号的所述接收指示与所述前景物体中的一个对应的位置。
19.如权利要求16所述的图像捕获装置,其中所述图像捕获装置是视频捕获装置。
20.如权利要求19所述的图像捕获装置,其中所述深度逻辑元件还配置成定期地为由所述视频捕获装置捕获的视频帧序列提供深度掩模。
21.如权利要求16所述的图像捕获装置,其中所述图像捕获逻辑元件还配置成调整所述场景的图像数据的每一个像素。
22.一种用于提供场景的图像的系统,包括:
计算装置;
与所述计算装置通信的显示屏幕,所述显示屏幕配置成显示场景的图像;
与所述计算装置通信的视频捕获装置,所述视频捕获装置向所述计算装置提供用于显示在所述显示屏幕上的场景图像数据,所述视频捕获装置包括:
深度逻辑元件,它配置成提供与所述场景相关联的深度掩模,所述深度掩模配置成区分所述场景内的前景物体和背景物体;以及
图像捕获逻辑元件,它配置成根据深度信息调整与所述图像数据的每一个像素相关联的特性,所述图像捕获逻辑元件配置成调整前景物体和背景物体的特性,以便在所述调整之后在显示屏幕上示出和显示前景物体和背景物体的细节。
23.如权利要求22所述的系统,其中所述计算装置是游戏控制台。
24.如权利要求22所述的系统,其中所述深度逻辑元件还配置成定期地为由所述视频捕获装置捕获的视频帧序列提供单一深度掩模。
25.如权利要求22所述的系统,其中从由曝光量、增益、焦点和亮度构成的组中选择所述特性。
26.如权利要求22所述的系统,其中所述视频捕获装置是网上摄像机。
27.如权利要求22所述的系统,其中所述图像数据定义每一个像素的数据,所述每一个像素的数据包括距离信息。
28.如权利要求23所述的系统,其中所述场景图像数据包括个人的图像,所述个人的图像被结合到在其上进行交互作用的视频游戏中。
29.如权利要求22所述的系统,其中所述深度信息是从所述深度掩模获得的,所述深度掩模定义与相应的像素相关联的物体和所述视频捕获装置之间的相对距离。
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