CN1954359B - 用于调整吉他或贝斯的弦张力的装置 - Google Patents
用于调整吉他或贝斯的弦张力的装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/04—Bridges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D1/00—General design of stringed musical instruments
- G10D1/04—Plucked or strummed string instruments, e.g. harps or lyres
- G10D1/05—Plucked or strummed string instruments, e.g. harps or lyres with fret boards or fingerboards
- G10D1/08—Guitars
- G10D1/085—Mechanical design of electric guitars
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/12—Anchoring devices for strings, e.g. tail pieces or hitchpins
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/14—Tuning devices, e.g. pegs, pins, friction discs or worm gears
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10G—REPRESENTATION OF MUSIC; RECORDING MUSIC IN NOTATION FORM; ACCESSORIES FOR MUSIC OR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. SUPPORTS
- G10G7/00—Other auxiliary devices or accessories, e.g. conductors' batons or separate holders for resin or strings
- G10G7/02—Tuning forks or like devices
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于调节具有至少两根弦(6a-6f)的吉他特别是电吉他(1)或这种贝斯特别是电贝斯的弦(6a-6f)张力的装置,其中吉他和贝斯的每根弦以一端缠绕在调整机构的弦轴(7)上,该弦轴设置在吉他或贝斯的琴身上,此调整机构包含由蜗杆和蜗轮构成的组合并且通过该组合设有自锁装置,为了进一步构成上述调节张力的装置,其中通过该调节张力的装置无需显著地改变吉他和贝斯的基本形状就可以此可靠地且精确自动地调节乐器各弦的张力并且由此最终调音,建议一种这样的调节张力的装置,在吉他或贝斯的琴身为每个调整机构设置一驱动单元(11),该驱动单元直接与调整机构的蜗杆(16)和蜗轮(17)相连接,用于驱动蜗杆(16)和蜗轮(17)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于调节一具有至少两根弦的吉他的弦张力的装置,特别是电吉他或一此种类型的贝斯,特别是电贝斯。此外,本发明涉及一种用于对吉他或贝斯的弦自动调音的装置。
背景技术
为了吉他或贝斯正确的调音,必需准确地调整在这些乐器中在两个固定点之间张紧的弦张力,这样在拨动弦时就会形成正确频率的固定的波并从而产生期望的音调。
通常为此吉他或贝斯的弦与其两个末端中的一个刚性地固定,例如在一个颤音一系统块上,弦的第二末端缠绕在一个所谓的弦轴上并且可以通过上旋或下旋被张紧或松开,以达到弦的正确调音。该弦轴在此通常经由所谓的叶片用手操作,以便旋转弦轴用于将弦张紧或放松。
特别地当弦乐器也要能够自动调音时,也就是借助于一个控制机构必须自动地亦即借助于驱动装置改变弦的张力,该控制机构基于检测所拨动的弦的实际音与标准音的比较控制用来改变弦张力的驱动装置。
在文献US 4,909,126中已经公开一种建议,如何使其在吉他中移调(umgesetzt)。根据这个教导,弦通过一个安装在吉他的琴身上的、作用在所有弦上有效的杠杆一起被张紧或松开。但是该装置比较大而且笨重并且特别不能精确地调整单根弦的音调。
在文献WO 03/012774A1中描述了伺服驱动装置相应地作用在吉他的弦轴之一上,用来调整布置与相应所属弦轴相配的弦的张力。但是这里不清楚,伺服驱动装置以何种方式与弦轴相连接。仅公开的是,伺服驱动装置应当位于吉他琴头的一侧。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,提供一种开头提到类型的装置,通过该装置不需很大改变吉他或贝斯的基本外形就能够可靠且精确地自动调整乐器各根弦的张力,并且由此最终被调音。该装置应该特别地也适用于现有乐器的改型。
该目的按本发明通过用于调节具有至少两根弦的吉他或贝斯的弦的张力的装置得以实现,其中吉他或贝斯的每根弦的一端缠绕在调整机构的弦轴上,该弦轴设置在吉他或贝斯的琴头上,此调整机构包含由蜗杆和蜗轮构成的组合并且通过该组合设有自锁装置,在吉他或贝斯的琴头为每个调整机构设置一驱动单元,该驱动单元直接与调整机构的蜗杆和蜗轮相连接,以便驱动蜗杆和蜗轮。
本发明的目的还通过用于吉他或贝斯的弦自动调音的装置实现,该装置具有用于调节吉他或贝斯的弦张力的按本发明设计的装置。
本发明的主要思想在于,为每个调整机构配置一个合适的驱动装置,该驱动装置直接与配置了各调整机构的蜗轮和相应的蜗杆连接在一起。在传统的吉他中没有用于调整弦张力的自动驱动装置,弦轴经由蜗轮和蜗杆的组合与用于旋转弦轴的工具连接。对于传统的吉他,所述工具就是所谓的叶片。蜗轮和蜗杆的组合在吉他或贝斯中起调整机构自锁的作用,其阻止在一弦轴上缠绕的张紧的弦通过其弦张力使弦轴运动并最终自行松开。
由此,按本发明的驱动装置直接与蜗轮和蜗杆连接,自锁装置也连接在弦轴和驱动装置之间,这样驱动装置不必为了弦保持所希望的张力永久性地施加力。更确切地说可以控制该驱动装置仅仅用于弦调整并且根据所希望的弦张力的成功调整切断。在驱动装置和弦轴之间的自锁装置因此阻止弦轴的上旋并且使弦保持所希望的张力。
如所述,一方面通过按本发明装置的构造,不需要使用带有一单独自锁装置的驱动装置。另一方面,驱动装置可以直接安装在包含弦轴和叶片的调整机构上,这样其可以节约空间和重量并且相对不明显地安装在吉他或贝斯的琴头。
在有利的本发明扩展结构中,驱动装置由一驱动马达和一减速传动装置的组合构成。驱动马达在此优选地为电机。减速传动装置允许使用一个通常小尺寸的带有小扭距输出的电机,且基于减速传动装置产生用于调整弦所必需的扭距。在此驱动装置可以是一个马达和减速传动装置组成的结构紧凑的单元,但该单元包含两个组件,即互相分离存在的马达和减速传动装置。
为了在用于吉他或贝斯的弦自动调音的装置中使用,按本发明的装置特别合适。在此受拨动的弦的实际音由检测装置确定,从那里提供给比较设备并且与在存储设备中存储的标准音相比较。基于这个比较,所属弦的驱动装置由控制机构响应并促使正确地调整弦,直到实际音和标准音相一致。
附图说明
借助于附图从以下实施例的描述中得出本发明的其他优点和特征。附图中:
图1示意地示出电吉他的三维视图,在该电吉他中本发明得以实现;
图2示出在图1中所示的电吉他从背面看的三维视图;
图3示意地示出在吉他的琴头安装的驱动装置的四个不同的视图(a)-(d)的放大视图;
图4示意地示出调整机构的三维视图,其示出具有调整机构的蜗杆和蜗轮组合的驱动装置的共同作用。
具体实施方式
在图中相同的部件标有相同的附图标记。
在图1和图2中分别以三维的示意的前视图和后视图示出电吉他1。其大致可分为琴身2、琴颈3和琴头4。在琴身2上设置一紧固块,在此为一颤音-系统块5,在此系统块上吉他的弦6a-6f与第一端固定。弦6a-6f从琴身2开始经过琴颈3到达吉他的琴头4,在此缠绕在弦轴7上。弦轴7通过调整机构与叶片8相连,通过叶片的转动可以旋转弦轴7并因此可调节弦6a-6f的张力。在调整机构中,其中在此仅可看出弦轴7和叶片8,在弦轴7和叶片8之间设置一蜗轮和蜗杆的组合,此蜗轮-蜗杆组合实现各个调整机构的自锁。也就是说,一通过从所属的弦轴7在相应的叶片8上的旋转在张力下被张紧的弦6a-6f不由于通过其弦张力施加在弦轴7上的力可以重新松开。更确切地说,弦轴7通过由于蜗轮和蜗杆之间的共同作用确定的自锁保持在它的位置上并由此使弦6a-6f保持张紧。
此外由图1中可看出,在吉他1的琴身2上所谓的弹拨防护装置如何设置在弦6a至6f下面。
在图2中可看出在琴身上布置的控制装置10,随后将对其进行详细地描述而且其不是本发明的必要组成部分。
在所述图中较重要的是驱动装置11,其直接安装在调整机构上。驱动装置11在具有一输出轴的示例中与所属的调整机构的相应的蜗杆相连接且可利用此调整机构的自锁,无需自身有单独的自锁。在此实施例中示出的驱动装置由一电机和后接的减速传动装置组成,其中在该组合中没有自锁。驱动装置11的传动单元的输出轴总是通过一简单的齿轮组合直接与机构的蜗杆相连接,其组成部分是配属的弦轴7。
驱动装置11和其在具有弦轴7和叶片8的调整机构上的设置在图3(a)到3(d)中再次更清楚地示出,图3(d)是在图3(c)中标注D的区域的放大。
在图4中示意地放大地示出调整机构,此调整机构带有连接的驱动装置11但无可能包围机构的外壳。在此可看出弦轴7、叶片8和驱动装置11的原理上的相互作用。驱动装置11由一马达12和一传动单元组成,所述马达在此为电动机,传动单元为减速传动装置。马达和传动单元在此仅示意地示出。在传动单元的输出轴上设置一齿轮14,此齿轮与在蜗杆16上接合的齿轮15相啮合。原则上可把齿轮14和15看作为后接于马达12的传动单元13的组成部分。齿轮14和15实现进一步的减速。
通过上述的在图4中示出的结构,驱动装置11直接与调整机构的蜗杆16相连接。此外其与在弦轴7上设置的蜗轮17相啮合,由此调整机构可获得自锁。
在此实施例示出的电吉他1中,驱动装置11与用于乐器自动调音的装置成一体。此装置的组成部分是一用于检测被拨动的弦6a-6f的音的检测装置(未示出)、一在其中存储每个弦6a-6f的标准音以及与每个标准音相应的数据的存储装置(未详细示出)、一用来比较存储的标准音与收集的实际音及与这些音相应的数据如频率等的比较装置、控制机构10以及驱动装置11。
为了吉他的自动调音,拨动吉他的弦6a-6f,由此产生的音从检测装置检测并传递到比较装置上。在比较装置中这些音以及与这些音相应的数据与从存储装置中得到的标准音及与这些标准音相应的数据相比较并且比较的结果传递到控制机构10中。比较装置也可如存储装置是控制机构10的组成部分。控制机构10将一个控制信号传递到与弦6a-6f所缠绕的弦轴相配的驱动装置11上,并促使此驱动装置以此种方式旋转所属的弦轴7,使得相应的弦6a-6f的张力改变,从而它在拨动时发出标准的音。
按本发明用于调节吉他或贝斯的弦张力的装置优选地可在用于这种乐器自动调音的这样的装置中使用,也可与此种自动机构分开地使用。
附图标记清单
1电吉他
2琴身
3琴颈
4琴头
5颤音-系统块
6a-f弦
7弦轴
8叶片
9弹拨防护装置
10控制机构
11驱动装置
12马达
13传动单元
14齿轮
15齿轮
16蜗杆
17蜗轮
Claims (7)
1.一种用于调节具有至少两根弦(6a-6f)的吉他或贝斯的弦(6a-6f)的张力的装置,其中吉他或贝斯的每根弦(6a-6f)的一端缠绕在各自的弦轴(7)上,该弦轴与设置在吉他或贝斯的琴头上的各自的自锁的调整机构连接,每个调整机构包含由蜗杆和蜗轮构成的组合,所述弦轴经由所述由蜗轮和蜗杆构成的组合与用于旋转弦轴的叶片连接,并且在吉他或贝斯的琴头(4)为每个调整机构设置一驱动单元(11),该驱动单元直接与所述调整机构的蜗杆(16)和蜗轮(17)相连接,以便驱动蜗杆(16)和蜗轮(17),所述驱动单元(11)由马达(12)和传动单元(13)组成。
2.按权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述传动单元是减速传动装置。
3.按权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括一用于检测由被拨动的、待调音的弦(6a-6f)产生的音的检测装置、一存储每个弦(6a-6f)的各标准音的存储装置、一用来比较从检测装置中检测的音与相应弦(6a-6f)的标准音的比较装置、用来控制调节弦(6a-6f)的张力的装置的控制机构(10)。
4.按权利要求1所述的装置,所述装置还包括一用于检测由被拨动的、待调音的弦(6a-6f)产生的音的检测装置、一存储每个弦(6a-6f)的各标准音的存储装置、一用来比较从检测装置中检测的音与相应弦(6a-6f)的标准音的比较装置、用来控制调节弦(6a-6f)的张力的装置的控制机构(10)。
5.按权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述马达是电动机。
6.按权利要求3所述的装置,其特征在于,所述马达是电动机。
7.按权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述马达是电动机。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP04011357.3 | 2004-05-13 | ||
EP04011357A EP1596359B1 (de) | 2004-05-13 | 2004-05-13 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum automatischen Stimmen eines Saiteninstrumentes, insbesondere einer Gitarre |
PCT/EP2005/003149 WO2005114647A1 (de) | 2004-05-13 | 2005-03-24 | Vorrichtung zum verstellen der spannung der saiten einer gitarre oder eines basses |
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CN1954359A CN1954359A (zh) | 2007-04-25 |
CN1954359B true CN1954359B (zh) | 2011-03-30 |
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CNB200580015215XA Expired - Fee Related CN100562921C (zh) | 2004-05-13 | 2005-01-19 | 用于弦乐器、特别是吉他的自动调音的装置和方法 |
CN2005800152408A Expired - Fee Related CN1954357B (zh) | 2004-05-13 | 2005-01-27 | 用于改善弦乐器的声学特性的方法和相应固定板和弦乐器 |
CN2005800152164A Expired - Fee Related CN1954359B (zh) | 2004-05-13 | 2005-03-24 | 用于调整吉他或贝斯的弦张力的装置 |
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CNB200580015215XA Expired - Fee Related CN100562921C (zh) | 2004-05-13 | 2005-01-19 | 用于弦乐器、特别是吉他的自动调音的装置和方法 |
CN2005800152408A Expired - Fee Related CN1954357B (zh) | 2004-05-13 | 2005-01-27 | 用于改善弦乐器的声学特性的方法和相应固定板和弦乐器 |
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US (4) | US7786373B2 (zh) |
EP (4) | EP1596359B1 (zh) |
JP (4) | JP4774045B2 (zh) |
KR (4) | KR101140120B1 (zh) |
CN (4) | CN100530345C (zh) |
AT (2) | ATE421135T1 (zh) |
CA (4) | CA2565082A1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE502004008869D1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2322351T3 (zh) |
WO (5) | WO2005116986A1 (zh) |
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