DE4228779A1 - Biologically degradable cpd. material - is based on hardened starch foam during prodn., and is simultaneously mixed with further material - Google Patents

Biologically degradable cpd. material - is based on hardened starch foam during prodn., and is simultaneously mixed with further material

Info

Publication number
DE4228779A1
DE4228779A1 DE19924228779 DE4228779A DE4228779A1 DE 4228779 A1 DE4228779 A1 DE 4228779A1 DE 19924228779 DE19924228779 DE 19924228779 DE 4228779 A DE4228779 A DE 4228779A DE 4228779 A1 DE4228779 A1 DE 4228779A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
starch
composite material
foam
starch foam
material according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19924228779
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE4228779C2 (en
Inventor
Juergen Loercks
Winfried Pommeranz
Joachim Heuer
Kurt Dr Klenke
Harald Schmidt
Gert Schroeder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Biotec Biologische Naturverpackungen & Co Forschungs-Und Entwicklungs Kg 46446 Emmerich De GmbH
BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DE19924228779 priority Critical patent/DE4228779C2/en
Application filed by Biotec Biologische Naturverpackungen & Co Forschungs-Und Entwicklungs Kg 46446 Emmerich De GmbH, BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Biotec Biologische Naturverpackungen & Co Forschungs-Und Entwicklungs Kg 46446 Emmerich De GmbH
Priority to AT93919203T priority patent/ATE137165T1/en
Priority to JP50684994A priority patent/JPH08500547A/en
Priority to CA 2143432 priority patent/CA2143432C/en
Priority to DE59302388T priority patent/DE59302388D1/en
Priority to PCT/EP1993/002323 priority patent/WO1994005492A1/en
Priority to ES93919203T priority patent/ES2086961T3/en
Priority to DK93919203T priority patent/DK0656830T3/en
Priority to EP19930919203 priority patent/EP0656830B1/en
Priority to CN93117042A priority patent/CN1052187C/en
Publication of DE4228779A1 publication Critical patent/DE4228779A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4228779C2 publication Critical patent/DE4228779C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/042—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/06—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
    • B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/716—Degradable
    • B32B2307/7163—Biodegradable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/08—Natural leather
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/16—Wood, e.g. woodboard, fibreboard, woodchips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/20—Starch
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

Abstract

The starch foam contains native starch and a modified starch. It is coloured and contains fibres and/or filler material. As further material paper, cardboard, textile comprising natural and/or synthetic fibres, glass and/or fibres and/or mixed tissues, wood veneer, leather, artificial leather, foil of synthetic, biopolymer and metallic materials, film of synthetic and/or biopolymer material are used. The further material is flat and is connected with the starch foam on one side, comprising several layers. The starch foam is arranged between the several layers. The further material is recyclable and the cpd. material is used for packing sweets. USE/ADVANTAGE - To pack sweets is biologically degradable and is based on hardened starch foam mixed with various additives.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein biologisch abbaubares Verbund­ material auf der Basis von gehärtetem Stärkeschaum und ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.The invention relates to a biodegradable composite material based on hardened starch foam and a Process for its manufacture.

Derartige Verbundmaterialien können als Verpackungsmaterial, als Baumaterial etwa zur Kälte-, Wärme- oder Schallisola­ tion, oder auch als Stoßschutz zum Einsatz kommen.Such composite materials can be used as packaging material, as building material, for example for cold, heat or sound insulation tion, or can also be used as shock protection.

Herkömmliche Schaumverpackungen aus Polystyrol (Styropor) insbesondere für Nahrungsmittel sind vor allem in der Ent­ sorgung problematisch. Dieser Kunststoff verrottet praktisch nicht und ist erst nach einem Sortiervorgang recycelbar.Conventional polystyrene (styrofoam) foam packaging especially for food are mostly in the ent problematic. This plastic practically rots not and can only be recycled after a sorting process.

Bei einem bereits bekannten Verfahren wird statt eines Kunststoffes eine Stärkesuspension verwendet. In ein beheiz­ tes Formwerkzeug eingebracht, verdampfen flüssige Anteile und schäumen bzw. blähen die Suspension auf. Das Material bleibt über eine bestimmte Verweilzeit in der Form, wobei es unter Feuchtigkeitsaustritt trocknet und aushärtet. Zum Ent­ formen wird die Form geöffnet und der Schaumteil ausgewor­ fen. Solchermaßen hergestellte Schaumteile verrotten und sind recycelbar. Außerdem haben sie gewisse kälte-, wärmeisolierende sowie stoßabsorbierende Eigenschaften. Sie haben jedoch den Nachteil einer verhältnismäßig geringen Festigkeit, wenn ihre Wandstärke bzw. ihr Gewicht nicht allzu hoch sind. Außerdem sind sie aufgrund ihrer porösen Oberflächen für gewisse Anwendungen ungeeignet, insbesondere schlecht bedruckbar.In an already known method, instead of one Plastic used a starch suspension. In a heated When the mold is inserted, liquid components evaporate and foam or inflate the suspension. The material stays in shape for a certain amount of time, taking it dries and hardens with the escape of moisture. To Ent the mold is opened and the foam part is squeezed out fen. Foam parts produced in this way rot and are recyclable. They also have certain cold,  heat-insulating and shock-absorbing properties. they however, have the disadvantage of being relatively small Strength if their wall thickness or weight is not are too high. They are also because of their porous Surfaces unsuitable for certain applications, in particular badly printable.

Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein biologisch abbaubares Verbundmaterial zur Verfügung zu stellen, das sich durch hohe Festigkeit, eine einfache und kostengünstige Herstellung und eine vielseitige Anwendbar­ keit auszeichnet.In contrast, the invention is based on the object biodegradable composite material available represent that by high strength, a simple and inexpensive to manufacture and versatile excellence.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche ge­ löst.This task is ge with the features of the claims solves.

Bei der Lösung geht die Erfindung von dem Grundgedanken aus, Stärke zu verschäumen, zu härten, sowie gleichzeitig mit einem weiteren Material zu verbinden und somit ein Verbund­ material zu erhalten. Dieses weitere Material kann z. B. in den Stärkeschaum eingelagert und/oder einseitig oder beid­ seitig an diesen angelagert sein und dient als Verstärkung, als Träger oder Substrat.In the solution, the invention is based on the basic idea Foam starch, harden, and at the same time with to connect another material and thus a composite get material. This additional material can e.g. B. in the starch foam stored and / or one-sided or both be attached to these and serve as reinforcement, as a carrier or substrate.

Die Erfindung hat folgende Vorteile.The invention has the following advantages.

Es kann Stärke ohne weitere Zusätze verwendet werden. Es können die unterschiedlichsten Materialien mit dem Stärke­ schaum zu einem Verbundmaterial zusammengesetzt werden, ins­ besondere läßt sich über das weitere Material das Verbund­ material leicht bedrucken oder färben. Das Verbundmaterial ist mechanisch stabil und besitzt aufgrund der Porosität des gehärteten Stärkeschaums ausgezeichnete Schall-, Temperatur- und elektrische Isolationseigenschaften. Außerdem es ist ein wirkungsvoller Stoßschutz. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Er­ findung als Material für Verpackungen von Süßwaren, da das Verbundmaterial eine entsprechende werbewirksame Bedruckung ermöglicht, sowie die für Süßwaren erforderlichen Stoßschutz und Wärmeisolation gewährleistet.Starch can be used without further additives. It can use the most diverse materials with the strength foam to be assembled into a composite material, ins the composite can be special about the other material lightly print or dye material. The composite material is mechanically stable and due to the porosity of the hardened starch foam excellent sound, temperature and electrical insulation properties. Besides, it is a effective shock protection. The Er is particularly advantageous as a material for packaging confectionery, since the Composite material an appropriate advertising effective printing  enables, as well as the shock protection required for confectionery and thermal insulation guaranteed.

Im folgenden soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail below.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verbundmaterial besteht aus gehärtetem Stärkeschaum, der mit mindestens einem weiteren Material zu einem Verbundmaterial zusammengefügt ist. Vorzugsweise ist das weitere Material ein Flachmaterial, das vorzugsweise einseitig von dem Stärkeschaum bedeckt ist.The composite material according to the invention consists of hardened Starch foam made with at least one other material is joined to a composite material. Preferably the further material is a flat material, which is preferably is covered on one side by the starch foam.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren geht von einer Stärkesuspen­ sion aus, die native Stärke und/oder modifizierte Stärke enthalten kann. Es kommt native Stärke jeglichen Ursprungs in natürlicher oder Hybridform, z. B. Kartoffeln, Manjok, Reis, Mais, wachsiger Mais, Mais mit hohem Amylosegehalt, Getreide wie Weizen und Fraktionen, die hieraus hergestellt sein können, Gerste oder Sorghum, in Betracht. Die modifi­ zierte Stärke ist ein auf physikalischem und/oder chemischem Weg erzeugte Stärkederivat. Bevorzugt kommt eine wäßrige Stärkesuspension zum Einsatz, die mit einem insbesondere lebensmittelverträglichem Farbstoff eingefärbt sein kann.The method according to the invention is based on a starch suspension sion out, the native starch and / or modified starch may contain. There comes native strength of any origin in natural or hybrid form, e.g. B. potatoes, manjok, Rice, corn, waxy corn, corn with a high amylose content, Cereals like wheat and fractions made from it may be barley or sorghum. The modifi graced starch is one on physical and / or chemical Path generated starch derivative. An aqueous solution is preferred Starch suspension for use with a particular food-compatible dye can be colored.

Außerdem kommt bei dem Verfahren ein weiteres Material zum Einsatz, bei dem es sich vorzugsweise um Papier, Pappe, Kar­ ton, Textil, Holzfurnier, Leder, Kunstleder, Folien aus synthetischen, biopolymeren und metallen Werkstoffen sowie Kombinationen der vorgenannten Materialien handelt. Dabei handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein Flachmaterial. Das weitere Material wird durch die Endform des Verbund­ materials, beispielsweise eine Verpackung bestimmt und kann als Zuschnitt oder vorgeformt in die Form eingebracht wer­ den. Dies geschieht bevorzugt kurze Zeit vor Zugabe der Stärkesuspension.In addition, another material is used in the process Use, which is preferably paper, cardboard, card clay, textile, wood veneer, leather, synthetic leather, foils from synthetic, biopolymer and metal materials as well Combinations of the above materials. Here it is preferably a flat material. The further material is created by the final shape of the composite materials, for example packaging and can introduced as a blank or preformed into the mold the. This is preferably done shortly before the addition of Starch suspension.

Die Stärkesuspension wird bevorzugt durch Einspritzen dosiert in das Formwerkzeug eingeführt. In der beheizten Form schäumt sie infolge Verdampfung auf und füllt die Kavi­ täten aus. Dabei und während der Trocknung sowie des chemisch-physikalischen Aushärtens verbindet sich die Stärke mit dem weiteren Material zu einer Einheit, die anschließend als Verbundmaterial entformt wird. Diese Vorgänge werden durch einen erhöhten Innendruck des Formwerkzeugs gefördert und bevorzugt druck- und temperaturgesteuert durchgeführt.The starch suspension is preferred by injection dosed into the mold. In the heated  Form foams up due to evaporation and fills the cavi would do. During and during the drying as well as the chemical-physical curing combines the starch with the further material to a unit, which then is demolded as a composite material. These operations will be promoted by an increased internal pressure of the mold and preferably carried out under pressure and temperature control.

Dabei ist es überraschend, daß die relativ hohe Formtempera­ tur das weitere Material bei geeigneter Durchführung des Verfahrens nicht beeinträchtigt. Dies gilt auch für eine Be­ druckung, die dem weiteren Material, insbesondere aus Papier, Pappe oder Karton, vor dem Einlegen in das Formwerk­ zeug und einer nachfolgenden Verformung aufgebracht werden kann. Insbesondere, wenn die Stärkesuspension einseitig auf dem weiteren Material aufgebracht ist, ist die Bedruckung nach dem Entformen auf einer Seite des Verbundmaterials sichtbar. Bei einseitigem Aufbringen der Stärkesuspension kann auch recyceltes Kartonmaterial für eine Verpackung von Nahrungsmitteln verwendet werden, welches an der Ver­ packungsaußenseite nicht mit dem Nahrungsmittel in Berührung kommt.It is surprising that the relatively high mold temperature tur the further material with a suitable implementation of the Procedure not affected. This also applies to a Be printing, the other material, in particular from Paper, cardboard or cardboard, before inserting it into the mold stuff and a subsequent deformation are applied can. Especially if the starch suspension is one-sided the other material is applied, is the printing after demolding on one side of the composite material visible. With one-sided application of the starch suspension can also use recycled cardboard for packaging Food are used, which at the Ver outside of the pack does not come into contact with the food is coming.

Für mehrere bedruckbare oder glatte Oberflächen bzw. aus Festigkeitsgründen können mehrere Schichten weiteres Mate­ rial in das Formwerkzeug eingebracht werden. Die Stärkesus­ pension wird dann vor allem zwischen den Schichten des wei­ teren Materials eingebracht.For several printable or smooth surfaces For reasons of strength, several layers of additional mate be introduced into the mold. The starch sauce pension is then mainly between the layers of white tere material introduced.

Durch geeignete Gestaltung des Formwerkzeuges können Struk­ turen in das Verbundmaterial geformt werden, beispielsweise Durchbrechungen, Vertiefungen, Stege oder Rippen. Dies kann zu Verpackungszwecken aber auch aus Festigkeitsgründen sinn­ voll sein. Außerhalb des Formwerkzeuges ist eine weitere Bearbeitung durch Verformen, Prägen, Stanzen und/oder Forma­ tieren möglich. By suitable design of the mold, struc structures are molded into the composite material, for example Openings, depressions, webs or ribs. This can for packaging purposes but also for reasons of strength being full. Outside of the mold is another Processing by shaping, embossing, punching and / or forma animals possible.  

Eine bevorzugte Anwendung des Verfahrens ist die Herstellung von Verpackungen. Dabei kann das weitere Material für eine Verpackungsschale schalenartig vorgeformt werden.A preferred application of the method is production of packaging. The additional material for one Packaging tray are preformed like a tray.

Der Verbund aus weiterem Material und Stärkeschaum ergibt eine vielfach höhere Festigkeit des fertigen Teils als seine einzelnen Komponenten oder deren Addition ohne eine innige. Verbindung. Das Verbundmaterial hat ein niedriges spezifi­ sches Gewicht und kommt mit verhältnismäßig geringen Wand­ stärken aus. Zudem weist es kälte- und wärmeisolierende sowie stoßabsorbierende Eigenschaften auf und ist antista­ tisch.The combination of additional material and starch foam results a much higher strength of the finished part than its individual components or their addition without an intimate. Connection. The composite material has a low specific cal weight and comes with a relatively small wall strengthen from. It also has cold and heat insulation as well as shock-absorbing properties and is antista table.

Die Verbindung von z. B. Flachmaterial und Stärkeschaum er­ fordert keine Additive wie Heiß- oder Kaltleim oder Kunst­ stoffe usw. Daraus ergibt sich neben der biologischen Abbau­ barkeit und Kompostierbarkeit die Möglichkeit eines problem­ losen Recyclings. Insbesondere beim Einsatz von Papier, Kar­ ton oder Pappe als Flachmaterial kann das Verbundmaterial bei der Papier-, Karton- oder Pappherstellung wiederverwen­ det werden.The connection of e.g. B. flat material and starch foam he does not require additives such as hot or cold glue or art substances etc. This results in addition to biodegradation availability and compostability the possibility of a problem loose recycling. Especially when using paper, kar The composite material can be made of clay or cardboard as a flat material reuse in the production of paper, cardboard or cardboard be det.

Die Eigenschaften des erfindungsgemäßen Verbundmaterials er­ öffnen auch außerhalb des Verpackungssektors viele Anwen­ dungsmöglichkeiten. So ist ein Einsatz zu Isolationszwecken als Baustoff, in der Elektrotechnik und in der Automobil­ industrie denkbar. Ferner kommt eine Verwendung für modische Gebrauchsgegenstände, vergleichsweise hoher Stabilität, wie Möbel, in Betracht, die infolge ihrer Kurzlebigkeit recycel­ bar sein müssen.The properties of the composite material according to the invention also open up many applications outside of the packaging sector possible applications. This is how it is used for insulation purposes as a building material, in electrical engineering and in the automobile industry conceivable. There is also a use for fashionable Commodities, comparatively high stability, such as Furniture that is recycled due to its short life have to be cash.

Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand eines Beispiels näher beschrieben.The method according to the invention is described below using a Example described in more detail.

In einem kontinuierlichen Prozeß wird eine Stärkesuspension hergestellt, wobei flüssige und feste Hilfsmittel automa­ tisch dosiert in einer Homogenisierungsstufe fein verteilt und zur Reaktion gebracht werden. Kartoffelstärke, Mais­ quellstärke und Wasser liegen in der Suspension in einem Ge­ wichtsverhältnis von 100 : 5,2 : 106 vor.In a continuous process, a starch suspension is made manufactured, with liquid and solid auxiliaries automa dosed in a homogenizing stage  and be made to react. Potato starch, corn The swelling strength and water are in one suspension in the suspension weight ratio of 100: 5.2: 106 before.

Ferner wird eine temperatur- und druckgesteuerte Expansions­ formanlage, bauartverwandt mit einem Waffeleisen, mit einem gußeisernen Werkzeugteil in Form einer Verpackungsschale auf 220°C aufgeheizt. Das Formwerkzeug der Formanlage ist zweiteilig ausgebildet. In das untere Formteil wird eine vorgeformte Schale als Kartonflachmaterial eingelegt. Dann werden 21,5 g der Stärkesuspension in die Schale eingefüllt und das zweiteilige Formwerkzeug geschlossen. Die Stärke­ suspension wird aufgeschäumt, getrocknet und ausgehärtet und dabei fest mit der Kartonschale verbunden. Nach etwa 70 Se­ kunden Verweilzeit wird die fertige Verpackungsschale aus Verbundmaterial entnommen.Furthermore, a temperature and pressure controlled expansion molding machine, related to a waffle maker, with a cast iron tool part in the form of a packaging tray Heated up to 220 ° C. The molding tool of the molding machine is formed in two parts. In the lower molding is a preformed shell inserted as cardboard flat material. Then 21.5 g of the starch suspension are poured into the bowl and the two-part mold closed. The strength suspension is foamed, dried and cured and firmly connected to the cardboard tray. After about 70 seconds the finished packaging tray is removed from the customer Taken composite material.

Die Schale hat ein spezifisches Gewicht von 190 kg/m3 und ausgezeichnete Eigenschaften als Verpackungsmaterial. Sie verbindet hohe Festigkeit mit niedrigem Gewicht, hat kälte- und wärmeisolierende, stoßabsorbierende und antistatische Eigenschaften und ist sowohl biologisch schnell abbaubar und kompostierbar als auch in der Papierindustrie hervorragend recycelbar.The shell has a specific weight of 190 kg / m 3 and excellent properties as a packaging material. It combines high strength with low weight, has cold and heat insulating, shock absorbing and antistatic properties and is both quickly biodegradable and compostable and also excellently recyclable in the paper industry.

Claims (24)

1. Verbundmaterial, bestehend aus:
  • a) Schaumstoff und
  • b) mindestens einem weiteren Material, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schaumstoff ein gehärte­ ter Stärkeschaum ist.
1. Composite material consisting of:
  • a) foam and
  • b) at least one other material, characterized in that the foam is a hardened ter starch foam.
2. Verbundmaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stärkeschaum native Stärke enthält.2. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the starch foam contains native starch. 3. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stärkeschaum modifizierte Stärke enthält.3. Composite material according to one of claims 1 or 2, because characterized in that the starch foam modified Contains starch. 4. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stärkeschaum eingefärbt ist.4. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 3, because characterized in that the starch foam is colored is. 5. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stärkeschaum Fasern und/oder Füllstoffe enthält.5. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 4, there characterized in that the starch foam fibers and / or contains fillers. 6. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß als weiteres Material Papier, Pappe, Karton, Textil aus natürlichen und/oder syntheti­ schen Fasern, aus Glas und/oder Keramikfasern und/oder Mischgeweben, Holzfurnier, Leder, Kunstleder, Folie aus synthetischen, biopolymeren und metallischen Werkstof­ fen, Filme aus synthetischen und/oder biopolymeren Werk­ stoffen, die bei der Herstellung des Verbundmaterials in situ erzeugt werden, sowie Kombinationen der vorgenann­ ten Materialien verwendet werden.6. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 5, there characterized in that paper as a further material, Cardboard, cardboard, textile made from natural and / or synthetics fibers, glass and / or ceramic fibers and / or Mixed fabrics, wood veneer, leather, synthetic leather, foil from synthetic, biopolymer and metallic material fen, films made from synthetic and / or biopolymer works substances used in the manufacture of the composite material in generated in situ, as well as combinations of the aforementioned materials are used. 7. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Material ein Flachmaterial ist. 7. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 6, there characterized in that the further material Is flat material.   8. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Material einseitig mit dem Stärkeschaum verbunden ist.8. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 7, there characterized in that the further material is one-sided is connected to the starch foam. 9. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Material bedruckt oder bedruckbar ist.9. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 8, there characterized in that the further material is printed or is printable. 10. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Material aus meh­ reren Schichten besteht.10. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 9, there characterized in that the further material from meh there are layers. 11. Verbundmaterial nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß der Stärkeschaum zwischen den mehreren Schich­ ten angeordnet ist.11. Composite material according to claim 10, characterized net that the starch foam between the several layers ten is arranged. 12. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Material recycel­ bar ist.12. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 11, there characterized in that the other material is recycled is cash. 13. Verpackungsmaterial, bestehend aus dem Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, insbesondere zur Ver­ packung von Süßwaren.13. Packaging material consisting of the composite material according to one of claims 1 to 12, in particular for ver pack of confectionery. 14. Verfahren zum Herstellen des Verbundmaterials nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, mit den Schritten:
  • a) Einbringen einer Stärkesuspension und mindestens eines weiteren Materials in ein Formwerkzeug,
  • b) Aushärten des Stärkeschaums und gleichzeitiges Ver­ binden mit dem weiteren Material zum Ausbilden des Verbundmaterials, und
  • c) Entformen des Verbundmaterials.
14. A method for producing the composite material according to one of claims 1 to 12, comprising the steps:
  • a) introducing a starch suspension and at least one further material into a mold,
  • b) curing the starch foam and simultaneous Ver bind with the other material to form the composite material, and
  • c) demolding the composite material.
15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Formwerkzeug vor dem Schritt a) aufgeheizt wird. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the mold is heated before step a).   16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß in Schritt a) eine wäßrige Stärkesuspension eingebracht wird.16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in net that in step a) an aqueous starch suspension is introduced. 17. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, 15 oder 16, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß in Schritt a) eine eingefärbte Stärke­ suspension eingebracht wird.17. The method according to claim 14, 15 or 16, characterized records that in step a) a colored starch suspension is introduced. 18. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) die Stärkesuspension eingespritzt wird.18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized characterized in that in step a) the starch suspension is injected. 19. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) die Stärkesuspension durch Druck aufgeschäumt wird.19. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized characterized in that in step a) the starch suspension is foamed by pressure. 20. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) das weitere Material vor der Stärkesuspension eingebracht wird.20. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized characterized in that in step a) the further material is introduced before the starch suspension. 21. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) das weitere Material als flüssiges und/oder festes, pulverförmiges Material eingebracht wird und ein Film erzeugt wird, der mit dem Stärkeschaum das Verbundmaterial ausbildet.21. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 20, characterized characterized in that in step a) the further material as a liquid and / or solid, powdery material is introduced and a film is produced, which with the Starch foam forms the composite material. 22. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) das weitere Material vorgeformt eingebracht wird.22. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 21, characterized characterized in that in step a) the further material is introduced preformed. 23. Verfahren nach Anspruch 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Material schalenartig vorgeformt ist.23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the other material is pre-shaped like a shell. 24. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) eine Stärkesuspension bestehend aus 20-45% granulärer Stärke, 0-10% Quellstärke und Wasser eingebracht wird, wobei das Formwerkzeug auf eine Temperatur von 180-270°C, vorzugsweise 200-250°C, aufgeheizt ist und der Schritt c) nach 30-90 Sekunden, vorzugsweise nach 45-75 Sekunden, erfolgt.24. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 23, characterized characterized in that in step a) a starch suspension  consisting of 20-45% granular starch, 0-10% swelling starch and water is introduced, wherein the mold on a Temperature of 180-270 ° C, preferably 200-250 ° C, heated and step c) after 30-90 seconds, preferably after 45-75 seconds.
DE19924228779 1992-08-28 1992-08-28 Biodegradable composite material based on hardened starch foam and process for its production Expired - Fee Related DE4228779C2 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924228779 DE4228779C2 (en) 1992-08-28 1992-08-28 Biodegradable composite material based on hardened starch foam and process for its production
EP19930919203 EP0656830B1 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 Biodegradable laminated composite material based on hardened starch foam and process for preparing the same
CA 2143432 CA2143432C (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 Biodegradable laminated composite material based on cured starch foam and method for preparing it
DE59302388T DE59302388D1 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 BIODEGRADABLE LAYER COMPOSITE MATERIAL ON THE BASIS OF HARDENED STARCH FOAM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
PCT/EP1993/002323 WO1994005492A1 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 Biodegradable laminated composite material based on hardened starch foam and process for preparing the same
ES93919203T ES2086961T3 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 BIOLOGICALLY DEGRADABLE STRATIFIED COMPOSITE MATERIAL, BASED ON HARDENED STARCH FOAM AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS MANUFACTURE.
AT93919203T ATE137165T1 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 BIODEGRADABLE LAYER COMPOSITE MATERIAL BASED ON HARDENED STARCH FOAM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
JP50684994A JPH08500547A (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 Biodegradable laminated composite material based on hardened starch foam and method of making same
DK93919203T DK0656830T3 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 Biodegradable laminate material based on cured starch foam and process for its preparation
CN93117042A CN1052187C (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-28 Biodegradable laminated composite material based on cured starch foam and method for preparing it

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AU698295B2 (en) * 1994-09-06 1998-10-29 Bio-Tec Biologische Naturverpackungen Gmbh & Co. Kg Sandwich panel made of starch foam
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WO2002020238A1 (en) * 2000-09-05 2002-03-14 Ato B.V. Expanded biopolymer-based articles and process of producing these
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WO2002020238A1 (en) * 2000-09-05 2002-03-14 Ato B.V. Expanded biopolymer-based articles and process of producing these
WO2004079033A1 (en) * 2003-03-07 2004-09-16 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Method for producing a layer system comprising a metallic carrier and an anode functional layer
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US10131072B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2018-11-20 Joseph Wycech Pellet based tooling and process for biodegradeable component
US11285650B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2022-03-29 Joseph Wycech Pellet based tooling and process for biodegradable component
WO2020159463A1 (en) * 2019-01-31 2020-08-06 Skalanova Etiket Ve Tekstil Aksesuarlari San Ve Tic Ltd Sti. Bio fabric

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