DE4314504A1 - Disposable pallet made from corrugated cardboard - has ground support blocks of layers of corrugated board end-on to ground and with multilayer support surface. - Google Patents

Abstract

The pallet is made from corrugated cardboard using a minimum of clips and mainly secured by adhesive. The ground support blocks (2) are made from layers of board and can be waterproofed by impregnating with a preservative. The multilayer load surface (1) is made in one piece with folded side flaps to assembly into the tray. The load layers are in alternate directions for strength. The ground support blocks are glued to the load surface. The adhesive used is suitable for recycling the board. USE/ADVANTAGE - Disposable pallet made from corrugated cardboard uses recycled material, can be recycled, and is cost effective.

Description

The invention relates to a pallet construction system, in particular for flat and container pallets made of corrugated cardboard of a base area and at least two stands that when stacking the pallet one for the multiple egg suitable height by means of a forklift have as well as a process for its preparation.

Pallets are standardized according to DIN 15 146, sheet 2. you will be usually made of wood or steel, in special cases also made of cardboard or paper to transport different Goods manufactured. Since the outer pallet dimensions are on top of each other are coordinated, they can be loaded or unloaded stack the loaded state easily on top of each other.

According to Lueger, Fördertechnik, Volume 2, page 315, 1972 can Pallets also for so-called block storage for stackable Goods are put together. Pallets already loaded can also be stacked into block-shaped bearings and in this condition can be recycled for reuse.

Because of the increased demands on environmental protection should increasingly packaging in closed raw material cycles. As a material for circulation Corrugated cardboard is ideal for packaging, since it consists of approx. 70% There is waste paper, disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner can be processed again to new raw paper.  

However, in many cases this is not the requirement Stability and firmness, especially on damp Underground, reached, so the use of such Materials have so far only been used to a minor extent.

Above all, the strength requirements for the pallet stand increased as it is transported with a fork often stack as a bumper or as a side guide when threading the fork tines into the pallet base serve. Also on the ver in the transport sector more and more When the roller conveyors are turned, the pallet stands become mechanical heavily used since there is no flat load is possible and also tilting in the roles spaces occur.

The object of the present invention is an environment to develop a friendly and fully recyclable range that the requirements for the necessary strength and the Use on a damp surface is sufficient. Furthermore, the Pallet "runway capable", d. H. it should the mechani requirements for transportation on taxiways without withstand significant damage.

This object is achieved by those mentioned in claim 1 Features met. In the subclaims are preferred Further developments or an easy to automate Process for producing the pallet construction system specified.

To reinforce the base surface, it is provided that two corrugated cardboards offset with respect to one another with their corrugation are laminated onto one another. Due to the crossing, multilayer corrugated cardboard, the rigidity of the base surface 1 is increased by at least 30%. To achieve even higher stiffness values, other corrugated cardboards can be stacked crosswise on top of each other. The bonding is preferably carried out by lamination, the adhesive being applied over a large area.

But you can also use triple corrugated cardboard three parallel shafts or with one in the Center crossed shaft can be used as the base surface.

Depending on the type of load, e.g. point or area mig, middle or eccentric, are the layers of the Arrange base area.

In applications where there is a high load capacity of the When the pallet arrives, the wave arches of the base surface should always run perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stand. This also applies to criss-cross corrugated cardboard with counter each other by 90 ° twisted waves or even more layered shaft systems. An optimal weight and stiffness the three-shaft arrangement meets Corrugated cardboard, the height of the corrugations being different can.

In a damp environment, e.g. B. in very humid air, or in case of direct wetness, the stands should be off impregnated corrugated cardboard strips. The impregnation tion can be achieved by applying a liquid adhesive , preferably the open sides of the well cardboard can be coated with it. Stands where the Corrugated cardboard strips run vertically so that there is a standing wave forms and the footprint on the open side of the shaft can be immersed be stiffened in liquid glue.

A particularly favorable method of impregnation sees before that the bottom with a vertical shaft in a bath of liquid adhesive is dipped until the Adhesive against gravity in the stand rose. To ensure adequate resistance to moisture to achieve it is necessary to achieve about a third of the Impregnate the height of the stand. The liquid adhesive due to the capillary forces also counteracts the gravity force sucked up to this height.  

The adhesive has a fast and fast consists of a glue that is added by adding water a pH of 5.8-6.8 and a viscosity of 45-49 mPas is set.

For certain applications, the inventions pallet construction system according to the invention also has a pallet Manufacture inverted floor. Then the base area consists of a punched single or double corrugated cardboard base, whose side surfaces are turned inside out will. The corners can either be form-fitting or be mechanically connected, the positive Connection by inserting a nose-shaped extension punched grooves. It is beneficial if the stand is sideways from the outer edge of the base Are attached remotely, so that when there is an agreement stack the stands on several pallets with slip shelves place inside the slip floor surface.

Pallets are usually made with a two or four side access for the forklift. A four-sided penetration is also in the inventive Pallet construction system possible, whereby then individual from with corrugated cardboard strips glued to each other as stands or Blocks are arranged in the corners of the pallet. At klei A pallet is used to enlarge the base area Overhang formed over the respective stand area, the can be used for fork penetration.

The invention is essentially based on the idea a base of corrugated cardboard with at least two Combine stands made of corrugated cardboard, the Wavy arches perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stand and the open sides of the corrugated cardboard arches as a stand are formed with a standing shaft.  

It is particularly advantageous that the base surface 1 consists of two corrugated corrugated cardboards ( 7 a-d) which are glued or laminated with mutually offset corrugation ( Fig. 3).

The base surface 1 can preferably consist of a three corrugated corrugated cardboard ( 7 a, b, c) with parallel waves according to FIG. 4. The base surface 1 can also consist of a three-corrugated corrugated cardboard ( 7 a, b, c) according to FIG. 2, the two outer shafts parallel and the intermediate shaft limiting the two outer shafts at right angles.

Basically, in a multi-corrugated structure, corrugated cardboard with perpendicularly offset corrugated waves should always be arranged one above the other and the corrugated bases of the base surface 1 extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the stand.

It is also advantageous that the stand made of corrugated cardboard strips with a vertical shaft and the open sides of the standing wave with a liquid Glue are stiffened.

A preferred embodiment provides that the base surface 1 consists of a punched single or double-corrugated cardboard floor, the side surfaces of which are turned over to a slip floor 25 and that the corners of the slip floor 25 are mechanically clamped or that the corners are positively connected to one another .

According to the inventive method, the Corrugated cardboard strips with their wave arches parallel to each other glued and then the resulting stand with the vertical wave on the base surface of the pallet be glued.  

With the opposite open side of the corrugated cardboard The stands will strip into a bath of liquid Adhesive dipped with a viscosity of 45-49 mPas having. The adhesive increases against the Gravity in the columns and tubes of the corrugated cardboard stands high, so that after the adhesive has dried, a waterproof, rigid stand is created.

According to the invention, it is a glue that depends on Application area with the appropriate amount of cold water mixed and after a swelling time of a few hours (at least 1 hour) melted and then at Temperatures around 60 ° C is processed. The pH is 5.8-6.8.

In the following the invention is based on several embodiments Examples explained in more detail:

Show it:

Fig. 1 perspective view of three stacked pallets with two and four-sided accessibility in the direction of the arrow;

Fig. 2 section of a stack at the height of the stand according to Figure 1, wherein the base surface 1 consists of a three-corrugated corrugated cardboard, in which the middle shaft is crossed;

Fig. 3 section analogous to Figure 2 with two corrugated corrugated cardboard, which run crossed to each other.

FIG. 4 section analogous to FIG. 2, the base surface 1 consisting of a three-corrugated corrugated cardboard with parallel corrugations;

Fig. 5 pallet construction system according to the invention with slip bottom;

Fig. 6 pallet construction system with slip floor when immersed in a bath with liquid adhesive.

The pallet stack according to Fig. 1 consists of three agree, on the other pallets stacked with the base surface 1 and the associated supports. The pallet dimensions are suitable according to DIN 15 146, sheet 2 for reaching through with a forklift. The lower pallet is equipped with a single block, 2 a, b and 3 , 4 at the corners of the pallet for the four-sided access.

The cutouts A, B illustrate how the arrangement of the wave arches according to the invention is to be carried out in the stands or in the base surfaces. On the stands 2 a, b and 3 and 4 , the wave arches are arranged like a standing wave, so that they form a base 5 with their sinusoidal wave arches (section A).

The wave of the base surface 1 (section B) runs perpendicularly or at right angles to the wave arches in section A. They are therefore stiffer in the direction of loading of the base surface 1 than solid cardboard, since they are glued to a top layer 1 a with an under layer 1 b and the shaft 1 c arranged therebetween are stiffened like a sandwich.

In the illustration according to FIG. 2, the stand 2 , 2 a can be seen enlarged in the perspective from below. The vertical wave arches can be seen, which are bonded to the base surface 1 at the contact point X and reinforced with an adhesive at the open point Y. The wave arches 6 of the standing surface 5 run perpendicularly or at right angles to the wave arches 6 of the base surface 1 .

For the adhesive used at contact point X it is an adhesive according to the invention fast tightening capacity for the production of corrugated cardboard cardboard boxes and spiral sleeves, lamination paper / paper and Paper / microwave board. It consists of a polyvinyllace tat dispersion with the following technical data:

Color white
Solids content: 52-54%
Specific weight: 1.05 g / cm ³
Viscosity (Brookfield,
20 rpm, 23 ° C): 3000-5000 mPas
pH: 6-7.

In a preferred embodiment according to FIG. 2, B, the base surface 1 is formed from a three-corrugated corrugated cardboard, the corrugations 7 a, 7 b, 7 c of which are each rotated through 90 ° to the adjacent layer. With this arrangement, the rigidity of the base surface 1 is further increased. The production can take place in one production run with a production machine. In this system of intersecting corrugated sheets, the number of corrugated cardboards glued together can only be increased by lamination as described above (p. 2).

In the case shown in FIG. 1, there is a single corrugation of the base surface 1 , it also being possible to use several layers, depending on the rigidity requirements. To increase the rigidity of the base surface 1 who glued - as shown in Fig. 2, corrugated cardboard with intersecting, 90 ° offset or rotated corrugated sheets to a base surface.

According to Fig. 3 is a two-wall corrugated board 7 a, 7 b with another two-wave corrugated cardboard 7 c, 7 d so bonded that the shaft sheets 7 a, 7 b with the shaft sheets 7 c, 7 d intersect.

Fig. 4 shows a three-wave structure of the base surface 1 , the wave arches 6 and 7 a, 7 b and 7 c of the section B run parallel to each other.

The Palettenbausystem in FIG. 5 consists of the base surface 1 a one- or two-wave corrugated cardboard, which has been deformed into a Stülpboden 25 and was bonded to the uprights 9, 10, wherein the Stülpboden in the unfolded state an approximately rectangular base surface and 1/8 of the opposite punch lines.

Along the punching lines 11, 13, 14, 15 , the slip edges 16-19 are folded, the lugs 20-24 being inserted into the punched grooves 25-28 . Thus, the everting edges can be locked, so that a transport item contained therein is protected against slipping or lateral loads.

When inserting the lugs into the punched-out grooves it is a form-fitting connection. He other positive connections are also in accordance with the invention applications such as B. the flanging, carding or the like usable.

For the transport of empty pallets, it is often convenient to lay the side panels flat when it comes to reducing the transport volume. For maximum reduction in the transport volume, complete retraction to the base area 1/8 is also possible by removing the tabs on the side parts.

The stacking of the pallets with slip edges is facilitated by the fact that the stands 9, 10 are offset inwards relative to the edge of the slip bottom, so that they can be inserted into the lower or upper slip opening when stacked.

As shown in FIG. 6, a pallet is immersed in an adhesive bath 29 with the feet 30-33 . The adhesive rises due to the capillary forces in the stands 30, 31, 32, 33 against gravity. In general, it is sufficient if about a third of the stands are wetted by the adhesive.

Then the stands are sufficiently impregnated to maintain sufficient rigidity even in a damp environment. The pallet shown in FIG. 6 has a sufficient load-bearing capacity of up to 150 kg, depending on the base area. It can be parked indefinitely in a floor covered with moisture.

In the pallet construction system with slip floor shown in Fig. 6, the corner connections are mechanically Herge. For example, several staples 37-40 can be mechanically anchored in the folded-over corner surfaces 33-36 . But there are also other types of fastening, such as rivets, folding enforcement, applicable. A glue with a composition as described on page 4 is preferably used as the adhesive for the adhesive bath 29 .

Reference list

1 base area
1 a top layer
1 b lower class
1 c wave
2 stands / pallet base
2 a, b single block
3 stands / single block
4 stands / single block
5 arches / footprint
6 arches
7 a, b, c, d wave profiles
1/8 footprint
9 stands / pallet base
10 stands / pallet base
11 punching lines
12 stands / pallet base
13 punching lines
14 punching lines
15 punch lines
16 slip edge
17 slip edge
18 slip edge
19 slip edge
20 nose
21 nose
23 nose
24 nose
25 groove / slip floor
26 groove
27 groove
28 groove
29 adhesive tape
30 stands / pallet base
31 stands
32 stands
33 corner surfaces / slip floor
34 corner surfaces
35 corner surfaces
36 corner areas
37 staple
38 staple
39 staple
40 staples
A neckline / stand / pallet base
B Section / arrangement of wave profile (s)
X Contact point / glue point for base area 1
Y location / base area of the pallet base / stand

Claims (13)

1. Pallet construction system, in particular for flat and container pallets made of corrugated cardboard, consisting of a base surface and at least two stands which, when stacking the pallet one above the other, have a height suitable for double-sided or four-sided access by forklift, characterized in that the base surface ( 1 ) consists of a single or multi-corrugated corrugated cardboard and that the stands ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) consist of several corrugated cardboard strips glued together, the corrugations ( 5 ) of the corrugated cardboard strips extending transversely to the base surface ( 1 ) and with the standing wave as a standing surface are trained. 2. Pallet construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that the base surface ( 1 ) consists of two double-corrugated corrugated cardboards ( 7 a-d) which are glued or laminated to each other with the corrugation set. 3. Pallet construction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base surface ( 1 ) consists of a three-corrugated corrugated cardboard ( 7 a, b, c) with parallel waves. 4. Pallet construction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base surface ( 1 ) consists of a three-corrugated corrugated cardboard ( 7 a, b, c), the two outer shafts parallel and the intermediate shaft, the two outer shafts at right angles limited. 5. Pallet construction system according to one of the preceding An claims, characterized, that with a multi-shaft construction always corrugated cardboard waves running at right angles to each other can be arranged one above the other. 6. Pallet construction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wave arches of the base surface ( 1 ) extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the stand. 7. Pallet construction system according to one of the preceding An claims, characterized, that the stand made of corrugated cardboard strips with vertical standing wave and the open sides of the standing wave stiffened with a liquid adhesive are. 8. Pallet construction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base surface ( 1 ) consists of a punched single or double-corrugated corrugated cardboard base, the sides of which are turned inside out to a slip floor ( 25 ). 9. Pallet construction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the corners of the slip floor ( 25 ) are mechanically clamped ver. 10. Pallet construction system according to one of the preceding An claims, characterized, that the corners are positively connected.   11. Pallet construction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stands or individual blocks ( 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 12, 30, 31, 32 ) as pallet feet at the contact point X with the base surface ( 1 ) or the base ( 1/8 ) can be connected using an adhesive that consists of a polyvinyl tat dispersion with the following technical data:
Color white
Solids content: 52-54%
Specific weight: 1.05 g / cm ³
Viscosity (Brookfield,
20 rpm, 23 ° C): 3000-5000 mPas
pH: 6-7. 12. A method for producing a pallet construction system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base surface ( 1 ) with the upper sides of the stands glued from several corrugated cardboard strips ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) are glued and then the underside with a vertical shaft or the base ( 5 ) is immersed in a bath of liquid adhesive until the adhesive has risen against gravity in the stands. 13. A method for producing a Palettenbausystems according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base surface (1) switched on, or double wall corrugated board with side extensions for a Stülprand (16-19) is provided, wherein on two opposite sides of the Stülprandes nose-shaped extensions ( 20 , 21 , 23 , 24 ) are formed, which are inserted into grooves ( 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ) punched out on the base surface after being turned inside out.