EP0000310A1 - Injection device for the controlled delivery of a cryogenic liquid - Google Patents

Injection device for the controlled delivery of a cryogenic liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000310A1
EP0000310A1 EP78400039A EP78400039A EP0000310A1 EP 0000310 A1 EP0000310 A1 EP 0000310A1 EP 78400039 A EP78400039 A EP 78400039A EP 78400039 A EP78400039 A EP 78400039A EP 0000310 A1 EP0000310 A1 EP 0000310A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
valve
aforementioned
filling
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP78400039A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ghislain Gilbert
Gérard Bentz
Jean Galey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP0000310A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000310A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/028—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the volume as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0176—Details of mounting arrangements with ventilation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0338—Pressure regulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0391—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters inside the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
    • F17C2250/0417—Level of content in the vessel with electrical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0486—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location
    • F17C2250/0491—Parameters measured at or inside the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/031—Treating the boil-off by discharge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7287—Liquid level responsive or maintaining systems
    • Y10T137/7306—Electrical characteristic sensing

Definitions

  • the present invention essentially relates to a device for injecting, under adjustable pressure, a determined quantity of a cryogenic fluid stored in a storage tank.
  • cryogenic fluids in particular the use, in metallurgy of inert liquefied gases for the protection of baths and metal jets, the purging of molds and their maintenance in an inert atmosphere, the manufacture of parts formed from several metals, the casting in series of parts, etc., require that said fluid be delivered to the station of use, generally located in the open air, in a quantity dosed with precision during a determined time interval and automatically.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to deliver the cryogenic fluids under such conditions, and comprises, for this purpose, a capacity for retaining the liquid phase supplied by the storage tank via a supply valve, a control system of the aforementioned supply valve, sensitive to the level of the liquid in the capacity, a metering member at least supplied with liquid of the retaining capacity via a filling valve, said member being provided for receiving a determined quantity of said fluid and being provided with an evacuation valve, means for the forced evacuation of said metered quantity of liquid from said metering member, liquid dispensing means connected to said evacuation valve and a filling control system said metering member and its emptying, said control system being sensitive to the position of said dispensing means.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible, thanks to the various means which compose it, to carry out the injection of a determined volume of cryogenic fluid, this in a sequential and automatic manner. Thanks to this device, it is possible to permanently maintain a protective layer of liquefied inert gas on a metal bath by pouring the liquid phase of said gas into it and regulating the distribution of this liquid phase so as to compensate for its evaporation. It is also possible to pour, into a mold of given volume, a quantity of liquefied gas necessary to ensure its inerting, prior to casting or possibly simultaneously with this casting. Finally, the device makes it possible to deliver constant quantities of liquefied gas at regular intervals, which is the case with the casting of foundry parts in metal shells on a casting carousel.
  • the abovementioned retaining capacity comprises a thermally insulated container provided, at its upper part, with a phase separator connected to the reservoir by a pipe for supplying cryogenic fluid and to the atmosphere by a vent, the supply valve being constituted by an electro-valve mounted in said pipe.
  • the container thus allows temporary storage, under atmospheric pressure, of the liquid phase of the cryogenic fluid, this phase being practically free of turbulence.
  • the aforementioned control device comprises an electric or electronic circuit for supplying the above-mentioned solenoid valve, said circuit being provided with adjustable level probes located inside the aforementioned container.
  • Such a control device keeps the cryogenic liquid in the container at a chosen level.
  • the aforementioned metering member comprises at least one vertical tubular element immersed, at least in part, in the li that contained in the container, this element being provided with an intake manifold opening into the mass of said liquid and comprising a filling valve.
  • the tubular element thus receives an amount of cryogenic liquid which is a function of the level of said liquid in the container.
  • the device intended to distribute the liquid phase of a cryogenic fluid stored under pressure in a reservoir designated by 1 essentially comprises a capacity 10 for retaining the liquid phase, a control system 20 for the supplying said capacity in the liquid phase, a metering member 30, discharge means 40 and distributor means 50 of said liquid phase and a control system 60 of said metering member.
  • the retaining capacity 10 essentially comprises a container 11 whose walls are insulated and which is provided, at its upper part, with a phase separator 12 constituted by a divided substance such as iron or copper wool.
  • the separator 12 communicates, by a pipe 13 provided with an electro-valve 14 operating on or off, with the reservoir 1 for storing the cryogenic fluid which is, for example, liquefied nitrogen.
  • the cryogenic fluid, brought by the line 13, is divided, in the separator 12, into a liquid phase which flows, via a conduit 15, inside the container 11 and into a vapor phase which vented to the open air via a vent 16.
  • the control system 20 for supplying the capacity 1O with cryogenic fluid comprises an electrical or electronic circuit of known type 21 which supplies an electric current to the electromagnet 23 of the solenoid valve 14 as a function of the information which are provided to it by means of detecting the level of the cryogenic liquid in the container pient 11.
  • These detection means consist of two probes 22a and 22b, which are, for example, resistance or vapor pressure probes, housed inside the container at two different heights.
  • the probes 22a and 22b are also provided so that they can be adjusted in height.
  • the metering member 30 essentially comprises at least one tubular element 31, of circular section disposed vertically inside the container 11 and immersed in the liquid contained in said container.
  • This tubular element 31, of net diameter of length L communicates, at its lower part, with a filling tube 32 which opens into the liquid phase and is provided with a filling electro-valve 33-.
  • the element 31 also comprises, at its lower end, an evacuation solenoid valve 34 and communicates, at its upper part, with forced evacuation means 40.
  • the means 40 provided for the forced evacuation, by the valve 34, of the liquid contained in the tubular element 31, comprise a source 41 of propellant gas under pressure, preferably consisting of an inert gas such as nitrogen and which communicates, via a pipe 42, with the upper part of the tubular element 31.
  • a source 41 of propellant gas under pressure preferably consisting of an inert gas such as nitrogen and which communicates, via a pipe 42, with the upper part of the tubular element 31.
  • a pressure relief valve 43 On the direction of flow of the propellant gas, a pressure relief valve 43, an injection solenoid valve 44 operating by all or nothing and a conduit 45 provided with a purge solenoid valve 46 communicating with the ambient atmosphere.
  • the dispensing means 50 are constituted by a plurality of flexible insulated pipes 51 each connected, by one of their ends, to the evacuation solenoid valve 34 of the tubular element 31. These pipes are each provided, at their free end, of a liquid dispensing member 53 constituted in the case shown, by a pouring spout.
  • the pipes 51 are connected to an operating mechanism 54. This mechanism can be constituted, for example, by a jack movable vertically in two opposite directions, as represented by the double arrow F, and provided with a finger 55, used for actuation of electrical contacts.
  • System 60 intended for and the forced emptying of the tubular element 31 essentially comprises an electrical or electronic circuit of known type 61 provided with contactors 62a and 62b actuated by the finger 55 of the operating mechanism 54.
  • the system 60 is designed to supply, depending on whether the contactors 62a, 62b are open or closed, therefore depending on the position of the mechanism 54, electromagnets 63, 64, 65 and 66 associated respectively with the filling solenoid valve 33, with the discharge solenoid valve 34, to the solenoid valve 44 for injecting propellant gas into the tubular element 31 and to the purge solenoid valve 46 of said tubular element.
  • the tubular element 31 is filled with cryogenic liquid by the principle of communicating vessels.
  • the solenoid valves 33 and 46 are closed and the solenoid valves 34 and 44 open.
  • the liquid contained in the element 31 is evacuated, under a pressure which can be adjusted using the regulator 43, in the pipes 51 and is injected, by the pouring spouts 53, into the molds or other cavities to be inerted.
  • a timer forming part of the circuit 61 closes the solenoid valve 34 when the injection is complete.
  • the mechanism 54 then returns to the high position for a new operating cycle.
  • the volume V of the fluid admitted into the tubular element 31 is a function of the height H and can be modified by the displacement of the probes 22a and 22b.
  • the variation ⁇ H of the height of the cryogenic liquid in the container 11 causes a variation ⁇ V equal to either an error of This error is all the smaller the longer the length L of.
  • the device according to the invention considerably facilitates the operations which require the use, at determined times, of precise quantities of cryogenic liquid, for example the casting of parts formed from two or more metals, the inerting of molds mounted on carousels casting, protection of intermittent molten metal jets etc ...
  • the metering members could be constituted by a series of elements designed to be filled and emptied successively so as to allow distribution of the cryogenic fluid at intervals which can be very close together.
  • the mechanism for operating the dispensing means could be constituted by a device other than a jack, for example by a carriage.
  • the solenoid valves 33 and 34 could be placed outside the container 11 although their arrangement inside the latter has the advantage of eliminating the formation of thermal bridges.

Abstract

L'invention concerne la distribution à l'air libre, en quantité dosée et de façon automatique, de la phase liquide d'un fluide cryogénique. Le dispositif comporte une capacité de retenue (10) de la phase liquide, un système de commande (20) de l'alimentation de ladite capacité, des moyens de dosage (30), d'évacuation forcée (40), de distribution (50) du liquide cryogénique et un système de commande (60) dudit organe de dosage et desdits moyens d'évacuation. L'invention s'applique, en particulier, à la coulée des métaux, à la fabrication de pièces formées de métaux différents et au moulage de pièces en série.The invention relates to the distribution in the open air, in metered quantity and automatically, of the liquid phase of a cryogenic fluid. The device comprises a capacity for retaining (10) the liquid phase, a control system (20) for supplying said capacity, metering means (30), forced evacuation (40), distribution (50 ) cryogenic liquid and a control system (60) of said metering member and said discharge means. The invention applies, in particular, to the casting of metals, to the production of parts formed from different metals and to the molding of parts in series.

Description

La présente invention concerne essentiellement un dispositif pour injecter, sous pression réglable, une quantité déterminée d'un fluide cryogénioue emmagasiné dans un réservoir de stockage.The present invention essentially relates to a device for injecting, under adjustable pressure, a determined quantity of a cryogenic fluid stored in a storage tank.

Certaines applications des fluides cryogéniques, en particulier l'utilisation, en métallurgie de gaz inertes liquéfiés pour la protection des bains et jets de métal, la purge des moules et leur maintien en atmosphère inerte, la fabrication de pièces formées de plusieurs métaux, la coulée en série de pièces etc..., exigent que ledit fluide soit délivré au poste d'utilisation, situé généralement à l'air libre, en une quantité dosée avec précision pendant un intervalle de temps déterminé et de façon automatique.Certain applications of cryogenic fluids, in particular the use, in metallurgy of inert liquefied gases for the protection of baths and metal jets, the purging of molds and their maintenance in an inert atmosphere, the manufacture of parts formed from several metals, the casting in series of parts, etc., require that said fluid be delivered to the station of use, generally located in the open air, in a quantity dosed with precision during a determined time interval and automatically.

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet de délivrer les fluides cryogéniques dans de telles conditions, et comporte, à cet effet, une capacité de retenue de la phase liquide alimentée par le réservoir de stockage par l'intermédiaire d'une vanne d'alimentation, un système de commande de la vanne d'alimentation précitée, sensible au niveau du liquide dans la capacité, un organe de dosage au moins alimenté en liquide de la capacité de retenue par l'intermédiaire d'une vanne de remplissage, ledit organe étant prévu pour recevoir une quantité déterminée dudit liauide et étant muni d'une vanne d'évacuation, des moyens pour l'évacuation forcée de ladite quantité dosée de liquide hors dudit organe de dosage, des moyens distributeurs de liquide reliés à ladite vanne d'évacuation et un système de commande de remplissage dudit organe de dosage et de sa vidange, ledit système de commande étant sensible à la position desdits moyens distributeurs.The device according to the invention makes it possible to deliver the cryogenic fluids under such conditions, and comprises, for this purpose, a capacity for retaining the liquid phase supplied by the storage tank via a supply valve, a control system of the aforementioned supply valve, sensitive to the level of the liquid in the capacity, a metering member at least supplied with liquid of the retaining capacity via a filling valve, said member being provided for receiving a determined quantity of said fluid and being provided with an evacuation valve, means for the forced evacuation of said metered quantity of liquid from said metering member, liquid dispensing means connected to said evacuation valve and a filling control system said metering member and its emptying, said control system being sensitive to the position of said dispensing means.

On voit que le dispositif selon l'invention permet, grâce aux divers moyens qui le composent, de réaliser l'injection d'un volume déterminé de fluide cryogénique, ceci d'une façon séquentielle et automatique. On peut, grâce à ce dispositif, maintenir de façon permanente une couche protec- tricede gaz inerte liquéfié sur un bain de métal en y déversant la phase liquide dudit gaz et en réglant la distribution de cette phase liquide de façon à compenser son évaporation. On peut également verser, dans un moule de volume donné, une quantité de gaz liquéfié nécessaire à assurer son inertage, préalablement à la coulée ou éventuellement simultanément à cette coulée. Le dispositif permet enfin de délivrer des quantités constantes de gaz liquéfié à des intervalles réguliers ce qui est le cas du moulage de pièces de fonderie dans des coquilles métalliques sur carroussel de coulée.It can be seen that the device according to the invention makes it possible, thanks to the various means which compose it, to carry out the injection of a determined volume of cryogenic fluid, this in a sequential and automatic manner. Thanks to this device, it is possible to permanently maintain a protective layer of liquefied inert gas on a metal bath by pouring the liquid phase of said gas into it and regulating the distribution of this liquid phase so as to compensate for its evaporation. It is also possible to pour, into a mold of given volume, a quantity of liquefied gas necessary to ensure its inerting, prior to casting or possibly simultaneously with this casting. Finally, the device makes it possible to deliver constant quantities of liquefied gas at regular intervals, which is the case with the casting of foundry parts in metal shells on a casting carousel.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la capacité de retenue précitée comporte un récipient calorifugé muni, à sa partie supérieure, d'un séparateur de phase relié au réservoir par une canalisation d'amenée de fluide cryogénique et à l'atmosphère par un évent, la vanne d'alimentation étant constituée par une électro-vanne montée dans ladite canalisation.According to another characteristic of the invention, the abovementioned retaining capacity comprises a thermally insulated container provided, at its upper part, with a phase separator connected to the reservoir by a pipe for supplying cryogenic fluid and to the atmosphere by a vent, the supply valve being constituted by an electro-valve mounted in said pipe.

Le récipient permet ainsi l'emmagasinage temporaire, sous pression atmosphérique, de la phase liquide du fluide cryogénique, cette phase étant pratiquement exempte de turbulence.The container thus allows temporary storage, under atmospheric pressure, of the liquid phase of the cryogenic fluid, this phase being practically free of turbulence.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le dispositif de commande précité comporte un circuit électrique ou électronique d'alimentation de l'électro-vanne précitée, ledit circuit étant muni de sondes de niveau réglable situées à l'intérieur du récipient précité.According to another characteristic of the invention, the aforementioned control device comprises an electric or electronic circuit for supplying the above-mentioned solenoid valve, said circuit being provided with adjustable level probes located inside the aforementioned container.

Un tel dispositif de commande permet de maintenir le liquide cryogénique dans le récipient a un niveau choisi.Such a control device keeps the cryogenic liquid in the container at a chosen level.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'organe de dosage précité comporte au moins un élément tubulaire vertical immergé, au moins en partie, dans le liquide contenu dans le récipient, cet élément etant muni d'une tubulure d'admission débouchant dans la masse dudit liquide et comportant une vanne de remplissage.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the aforementioned metering member comprises at least one vertical tubular element immersed, at least in part, in the li that contained in the container, this element being provided with an intake manifold opening into the mass of said liquid and comprising a filling valve.

L'élément tubulaire reçoit ainsi une quantité de liquide cryogénique qui est fonction du niveau dudit liquide dans le récipient.The tubular element thus receives an amount of cryogenic liquid which is a function of the level of said liquid in the container.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui va suivre.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows.

Le dessin annexé, donné uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif, montre, de façon schématique, un mode de réalisation préférentiel du dispositif selon l'invention.The appended drawing, given solely by way of nonlimiting example, shows, schematically, a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Selon ce mode de réalisation, le dispositif destiné à distribuer la phase liquide d'un fluide cryogénique stocké sous pression dans un-réservoir désigné par 1, comporte essentiellement une capacité de retenue 10 de la phase liquide, un système de commande 20 de l'alimentation de ladite capacité en phase liquide, un organe de dosage 30, des moyens d'évacuation 40 et des moyens distributeurs 50 de ladite phase liquide et un système de commande 60 dudit organe de dosage.According to this embodiment, the device intended to distribute the liquid phase of a cryogenic fluid stored under pressure in a reservoir designated by 1, essentially comprises a capacity 10 for retaining the liquid phase, a control system 20 for the supplying said capacity in the liquid phase, a metering member 30, discharge means 40 and distributor means 50 of said liquid phase and a control system 60 of said metering member.

La capacité de retenue 10 comporte essentiellement un récipient 11 dont les parois sont calorifugées et qui est muni, à sa partie supérieure, d'un séparateur de phase 12 constitué par une substance divisée telle que de la paille de fer ou de cuivre. Le séparateur 12 communique, par une canalisation 13 munie d'une électro-vanne 14 fonctionnant par tout ou rien, avec le réservoir 1 de stockage du fluide cryogénique qui est, par exemple, de l'azote liquéfié. Le fluide cryogénique, amené par la canalisation 13, se divise, dans le séparateur 12, en une phase liquide qui s'écoule, par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit 15, à l'intérieur du récipient 11 et en une phase vapeur qui s'évacue à l'air libre par un évent 16.The retaining capacity 10 essentially comprises a container 11 whose walls are insulated and which is provided, at its upper part, with a phase separator 12 constituted by a divided substance such as iron or copper wool. The separator 12 communicates, by a pipe 13 provided with an electro-valve 14 operating on or off, with the reservoir 1 for storing the cryogenic fluid which is, for example, liquefied nitrogen. The cryogenic fluid, brought by the line 13, is divided, in the separator 12, into a liquid phase which flows, via a conduit 15, inside the container 11 and into a vapor phase which vented to the open air via a vent 16.

Le système de commande 20 de l'alimentation de la capacité 1O en fluide cryogénique comporte un circuit électrique ou électronique de type connu 21 qui fournit un courant électrique à l'électro-aimant 23 de l'électro-vanne 14 en fonction des informations qui lui sont fournies par des moyens de détection du niveau du liquide cryogénique dans le récipient 11. Ces moyens de détection sont constitués par deux sondes 22a et 22b, qui sont, par exemple, des sondes à résistance ou à tension de vapeur, logées à l'intérieur du récipient à deux hauteurs différentes. Les sondes 22a et 22b sont en outre prévues de façon à pouvoir être réglées en hauteur.The control system 20 for supplying the capacity 1O with cryogenic fluid comprises an electrical or electronic circuit of known type 21 which supplies an electric current to the electromagnet 23 of the solenoid valve 14 as a function of the information which are provided to it by means of detecting the level of the cryogenic liquid in the container pient 11. These detection means consist of two probes 22a and 22b, which are, for example, resistance or vapor pressure probes, housed inside the container at two different heights. The probes 22a and 22b are also provided so that they can be adjusted in height.

L'organe de dosage 30 comporte essentiellement au moins un élément tubulaire 31, de section circulaire disposé verticalement à l'intérieur du récipient 11 et immergé dans le liquide contenu dans ledit récipient. Cet élément tubulaire 31, de diamètre net de longueur L, communique, à sa partie inférieure, avec une tubulure de remplissage 32 qui débouche dans la phase liquide et est munie d'une électro-vanne de remplissage 33-. L'élément 31 comporte en outre, à son extrémité inférieure, une électro-vanne d'évacuation 34 et communique, à sa partie supérieure, avec des moyens d'évacuation forcée 40.The metering member 30 essentially comprises at least one tubular element 31, of circular section disposed vertically inside the container 11 and immersed in the liquid contained in said container. This tubular element 31, of net diameter of length L, communicates, at its lower part, with a filling tube 32 which opens into the liquid phase and is provided with a filling electro-valve 33-. The element 31 also comprises, at its lower end, an evacuation solenoid valve 34 and communicates, at its upper part, with forced evacuation means 40.

Les moyens 40, prévus pour l'évacuation forcée, par la vanne 34, du liquide contenu dans l'élément tubulaire 31, comportent une source 41 de gaz propulseur sous pression, constituée de préférence par un gaz inerte tel que l'azote et qui communique, par une canalisation 42, avec la partie supérieure de l'élément tubulaire 31. Sur la canalisation 42 sont montés successivement, dans le sens d'écoulement du gaz propulseur, un détendeur de pression 43, une électro-vanne d'injection 44 fonctionnant par tout ou rien et un conduit 45 muni d'une électro-vanne de purge 46 communiquant avec l'atmosphère ambiante.The means 40, provided for the forced evacuation, by the valve 34, of the liquid contained in the tubular element 31, comprise a source 41 of propellant gas under pressure, preferably consisting of an inert gas such as nitrogen and which communicates, via a pipe 42, with the upper part of the tubular element 31. On the pipe 42 are successively mounted, in the direction of flow of the propellant gas, a pressure relief valve 43, an injection solenoid valve 44 operating by all or nothing and a conduit 45 provided with a purge solenoid valve 46 communicating with the ambient atmosphere.

Les moyens distributeurs 50 sont constitués par une pluralité de tubulures calorifugées souples 51 raccordées chacune, par l'une de leurs extrémités, à l'électro-vanne d'évacuation 34 de l'élément tubulaire 31. Ces tubulures sont munies chacune, à leur extrémité libre, d'un organe dispensateur de liquide 53 constituée dans le cas représenté, par un bec verseur. Les tubulures 51 sont reliées à un mécanisme de manoeuvre 54. Ce mécanisme peut être constitué par exemple, par un vérin mobile verticalement selon deux directions opposées, comme représenté par la flèche double F, et muni d'un doigt 55, servant à l'actionnement de contacts électriques.The dispensing means 50 are constituted by a plurality of flexible insulated pipes 51 each connected, by one of their ends, to the evacuation solenoid valve 34 of the tubular element 31. These pipes are each provided, at their free end, of a liquid dispensing member 53 constituted in the case shown, by a pouring spout. The pipes 51 are connected to an operating mechanism 54. This mechanism can be constituted, for example, by a jack movable vertically in two opposite directions, as represented by the double arrow F, and provided with a finger 55, used for actuation of electrical contacts.

Le système 60 prévu pour

Figure imgb0001
et la vidange forcée de l'élément tubulaire 31 comporte essentiellement un circuit électrique ou électronique de type connu 61 muni de contacteurs 62a et 62b actionnés par le doigt 55 du mécanisme de manoeuvre 54. Le système 60 est prévu pour alimenter, selon que les contacteurs 62a, 62b sont ouverts ou fermés, donc selon la position du mécanisme 54, des électro-aimants 63, 64, 65 et 66 associés respectivement à l'électro-vanne de remplissage 33, à l'électro-vanne d'évacuation 34, à l'électro-vanne 44 d'injection de gaz propulseur dans l'élément tubulaire 31 et à l'électro-vanne de purge 46 dudit élément tubulaire.System 60 intended for
Figure imgb0001
and the forced emptying of the tubular element 31 essentially comprises an electrical or electronic circuit of known type 61 provided with contactors 62a and 62b actuated by the finger 55 of the operating mechanism 54. The system 60 is designed to supply, depending on whether the contactors 62a, 62b are open or closed, therefore depending on the position of the mechanism 54, electromagnets 63, 64, 65 and 66 associated respectively with the filling solenoid valve 33, with the discharge solenoid valve 34, to the solenoid valve 44 for injecting propellant gas into the tubular element 31 and to the purge solenoid valve 46 of said tubular element.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif est le suivant :

  • Lorsque l'électro-vanne est ouverte, le fluide cryogénique du réservoir 1 s'écoule, sous forme d'un mélange biphasique, par la canalisation 13, dans le séparateur 12 où les deux phases sont séparées, la phase gazeuse s'échappant par l'évent 16, tandis que la phase liquide s'écoule, par le conduit 15, à l'intérieur du récipient 11. Le niveau H du liquide dans ledit récipient 11 est fonction du réglage de la position des sondes 22a et 22b. La valeur H est, pour une position donnée des sondes, pratiquement constante, ses variations Δ H, déterminées par la distance verticale qui sépare les deux sondes étant faible (inférieure à 0,2 cm).
The operation of the device is as follows:
  • When the solenoid valve is open, the cryogenic fluid from reservoir 1 flows, in the form of a two-phase mixture, through line 13, into separator 12 where the two phases are separated, the gaseous phase escaping through the vent 16, while the liquid phase flows, through the conduit 15, inside the container 11. The level H of the liquid in said container 11 is a function of the adjustment of the position of the probes 22a and 22b. The value H is, for a given position of the probes, practically constant, its variations Δ H, determined by the vertical distance which separates the two probes being small (less than 0.2 cm).

Lorsque les électro-vannes de remplissage 33 et de purge 46 sont ouvertes par la fermeture du contacteur 62a et les électro-vannes d'évacuation 34 et d'injection 44 fermées par l'ouverture du contacteur 62b (position haute du mécanisme 54), l'élément tubulaire 31 se remplit de liquide cryogénique par le principe des vases communicants.When the filling 33 and purge solenoid valves 46 are open by closing the contactor 62a and the exhaust 34 and injection solenoid valves 44 closed by the opening of the contactor 62b (high position of the mechanism 54), the tubular element 31 is filled with cryogenic liquid by the principle of communicating vessels.

Lorsque le contacteur 62a est ouvert et le contacteur 62b fermé (position basse du mécanisme 54), les électro-vannes 33 et 46 sont fermées et les électro-vannes 34 et 44 ouvertes. Le liquide contenu dans l'élément 31 est évacué, sous une pression pouvant être réglée à l'aide du détendeur 43, dans les tubulures 51 et est injecté, par les becs verseurs 53, dans les moules ou autres cavités à inerter. Une minuterie faisant partie du circuit 61 ferme l'électro-vanne 34 lorsque l'injection est terminée. Le mécanisme 54 revient ensuite en position haute pour un nouveau cycle de fonctionnement.When the contactor 62a is open and the contactor 62b closed (low position of the mechanism 54), the solenoid valves 33 and 46 are closed and the solenoid valves 34 and 44 open. The liquid contained in the element 31 is evacuated, under a pressure which can be adjusted using the regulator 43, in the pipes 51 and is injected, by the pouring spouts 53, into the molds or other cavities to be inerted. A timer forming part of the circuit 61 closes the solenoid valve 34 when the injection is complete. The mechanism 54 then returns to the high position for a new operating cycle.

Le volume V de liauide admis dans l'élément tubulaire 31, est fonction de la hauteur H et peut être modifié par le déplacement des sondes 22a et 22b. La variation ΔH de la hauteur du liquide cryogénique dans le récipient 11 entraîne une variation ΔV égale à

Figure imgb0002
soit une erreur de
Figure imgb0003
 Cette erreur est d'autant plus faible que la longueur L de est plus grande.The volume V of the fluid admitted into the tubular element 31 is a function of the height H and can be modified by the displacement of the probes 22a and 22b. The variation ΔH of the height of the cryogenic liquid in the container 11 causes a variation ΔV equal to
Figure imgb0002
 either an error of
Figure imgb0003
 This error is all the smaller the longer the length L of.

Le dispositif selon l'invention faicilite considérablement les opérations qui nécessitent l'utilisation, à des instants déterminés, de quantités précises de liquide cryogénique, par exemple les coulées de pièces formées de deux ou plusieurs métaux, l'inertage de moules montés sur des carroussels de coulée, la protection de jets de métal en fusion intermittent etc...The device according to the invention considerably facilitates the operations which require the use, at determined times, of precise quantities of cryogenic liquid, for example the casting of parts formed from two or more metals, the inerting of molds mounted on carousels casting, protection of intermittent molten metal jets etc ...

Le dispositif n'est nullement limité au mode de réalisation décrit et représenté et de nombreuses modifications pourraient y être apportées sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention. C'est ainsi par exemple que les organes de dosage pourraient être constitués par une série d'éléments prévus pour être remplis et vidés successivement de façon a permettre une distribution du liauide cryogénique à des intervalles pouvant être très rapprochés. De même le mécanisme de manoeuvre des moyens distributeurs pourrait être constitué par un dispositif autre qu'un vérin, par exemple par un chariot. Il convient également de remarquer que les électro-vannes 33 et 34 pourraient être placées à l'extérieur du récipient 11 bien que leur disposition à l'intérieur de ce dernier présente l'avantage d'éliminer la formation de ponts thermiques.The device is in no way limited to the embodiment described and shown and numerous modifications could be made to it without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, for example, the metering members could be constituted by a series of elements designed to be filled and emptied successively so as to allow distribution of the cryogenic fluid at intervals which can be very close together. Similarly, the mechanism for operating the dispensing means could be constituted by a device other than a jack, for example by a carriage. It should also be noted that the solenoid valves 33 and 34 could be placed outside the container 11 although their arrangement inside the latter has the advantage of eliminating the formation of thermal bridges.

Claims (11)

1. Dispositif pour injecter, sous pression réglable, une quantité déterminée de la phase liquide d'un fluide cryogénique emmagasiné dans un réservoir de stockage (1) caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en combinaison : - une capacité de retenue (10) de la phase liquide alimentée par ledit réservoir par l'intermédiaire d'une vanne d'alimentation (14), - un système de commande (20)de la vanne d'alimentation précitée (14), sensible au niveau du liquide dans ladite capacité. - un organe de dosage (30) au moins alimenté en liquide de la capacité de retenue (10) par l'intermédiaire d'une vanne de remplissage (33), ledit organe étant prévu pour recevoir une quantité déterminée dudit liquide et étant muni d'une vanne d'évacuation (34). - des moyens (40) pour l'évacuation forcée de ladite quantité dosée de liquide hors dudit organe de dosage (30). - des moyens distributeurs (50) de liquide reliés à ladite vanne d'évacuation (34), - et un système de commande (60) du remplissage dudit organe de dosage (30) et de sa vidange, ledit système étant sensible à la position desdits moyens.distributeurs (50). 1. Device for injecting, under adjustable pressure, a determined quantity of the liquid phase of a cryogenic fluid stored in a storage tank (1) characterized in that it comprises in combination: a retaining capacity (10) of the liquid phase supplied by said reservoir via a supply valve (14), - A control system (20) of the aforementioned supply valve (14), sensitive to the level of the liquid in said capacity. - a metering member (30) at least supplied with liquid of the retaining capacity (10) via a filling valve (33), said member being designed to receive a determined quantity of said liquid and being provided with '' a drain valve (34). - Means (40) for the forced evacuation of said metered amount of liquid from said metering member (30). - distributor means (50) of liquid connected to said discharge valve (34), - And a control system (60) for filling said metering member (30) and for emptying it, said system being sensitive to the position of said means.distributors (50). 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la capacité de retenue (10) précitée comporre un récipient calorifugé (11) muni, à sa partie supérieure, d'un séparateur de phase (12) relié au réservoir (1) par une canalisation (13) d'amenée de fluide cryogénique et à l'atmosphère par un évent (16) et en ce que la vanne d'alimentation précitée (14) est une électro-vanne montée dans ladite canalisation (13).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforementioned retaining capacity (10) comprises a thermally insulated container (11) provided, at its upper part, with a phase separator (12) connected to the reservoir (1) by a pipe (13) for supplying cryogenic fluid and to the atmosphere via a vent (16) and in that the aforementioned supply valve (14) is a mounted solenoid valve in said pipe (13). 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le système de commande précité (20) comporte un circuit (21) électrique ou électronique d'alimentation de ladite électro-vanne (14), ledit circuit (21) étant muni de sondes de niveau (22a, 22b) réglables situées à l'intérieur du récipient précité (11).3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the aforementioned control system (20) comprises an electrical or electronic circuit (21) for supplying said solenoid valve (14), said circuit (21) being provided with probes level (22a, 22b) adjustable located inside the aforementioned container (11). 4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de dosage (30) précité comporte au moins un élément tubulaire vertical (31), immergé, au moins en partie dans le liquide contenu dans le récipient (11), cet élément (31) étant muni d'une tubulure d'admission (32) débouchant dans la masse dudit liquide et comportant une vanne de remplissage (33).4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforementioned metering member (30) comprises at least one vertical tubular element (31), immersed, at least partly in the liquid contained in the container (11), this element (31) being provided with an intake manifold (32) opening into the mass of said liquid and comprising a filling valve (33). 5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'évacuation forcée (40) précités comportent une source (41) de gaz propulseur sous pression reliée à l'extrémité supérieure de l'élément tubulaire par une canalisation (42) munie d'une vanne d'injection (44).5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the aforementioned forced evacuation means (40) comprise a source (41) of pressurized propellant connected to the upper end of the tubular element by a pipe (42) fitted with an injection valve (44). 6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément tubulaire (31) est muni d'une vanne de purge (46) pour l'évacuation du gaz propulseur lors de son remplissage par le liquide du récipient (11).6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that each tubular element (31) is provided with a purge valve (46) for the evacuation of the propellant gas when it is filled with the liquid from the container (11). 7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce oue la vanne de purge (46) est monté sur la canalisation précitée (42) en aval de la vanne d'injection (44) selon le sens d'écoulement du gaz propulseur.7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the purge valve (46) is mounted on the above-mentioned pipe (42) downstream of the injection valve (44) in the direction of flow of the propellant gas. 8. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la vanne d'évacuation précitée (34) est montée à l'extrémité inférieure de chaque élément tubulaire (31).8. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the aforementioned discharge valve (34) is mounted at the lower end of each tubular element (31). 9. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens distributeurs précités (50) comportent au moins une tubulure calorifugée (51) reliée, à l'une de ses extrémités, à la vanne d'évacuation précitée (34) et munie, à son autre extrémité, d'un organe dispensateur de liquide (53).9. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforementioned dispensing means (50) comprise at least one thermally insulated tube (51) connected, at one of its ends, to the aforementioned discharge valve (34) and provided , at its other end, a liquid dispensing member (53). 10, Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les vannes de remplissage (33), d'injection (44), de purge (46) et d'évacuation (34) précitées sont des électro-vannes.10, Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the filling valves (33), injection (44), purge (46) and evacuation (34) above are solenoid valves. 11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le système (60) de commande du remplissage et de la vidange de l'organe de dosage précité comporte un circuit (61) électrique ou électronique d'alimentation des électro-vannes de remplissage (33), d'injection (44), de purge (46) et d'évacuation (34) précitées, ledit circuit (61) étant muni de contacteurs (62a, 62b) actionnés par un mécanisme de manoeuvre (54) des moyens distributeurs précités (50).11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the system (60) for controlling the filling and emptying of the aforementioned metering member comprises an electrical or electronic circuit (61) for supplying solenoid valves for filling (33), injection (44), purging (46) and evacuation (34) above, said circuit (61) being provided with contactors (62a, 62b) actuated by an operating mechanism (54) of the aforementioned dispensing means (50).
EP78400039A 1977-07-05 1978-06-28 Injection device for the controlled delivery of a cryogenic liquid Withdrawn EP0000310A1 (en)

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FR7720553A FR2396920A1 (en) 1977-07-05 1977-07-05 CONTROLLED CRYOGENIC FLUID INJECTION DEVICE

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US4192147A (en) 1980-03-11
FR2396920B1 (en) 1980-02-01
FR2396920A1 (en) 1979-02-02
CA1095398A (en) 1981-02-10
IT7825139A0 (en) 1978-06-29
IT1097455B (en) 1985-08-31

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