EP0004075B1 - Dispensing lid for a container for pulverulent material - Google Patents
Dispensing lid for a container for pulverulent material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0004075B1 EP0004075B1 EP79100690A EP79100690A EP0004075B1 EP 0004075 B1 EP0004075 B1 EP 0004075B1 EP 79100690 A EP79100690 A EP 79100690A EP 79100690 A EP79100690 A EP 79100690A EP 0004075 B1 EP0004075 B1 EP 0004075B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lid
- container
- flap
- free end
- edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
- B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
- B65D47/06—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages
- B65D47/08—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures
- B65D47/0804—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures integrally formed with the base element provided with the spout or discharge passage
- B65D47/0833—Hinges without elastic bias
- B65D47/0847—Hinges without elastic bias located within a flat surface of the base element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D43/00—Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D43/14—Non-removable lids or covers
- B65D43/16—Non-removable lids or covers hinged for upward or downward movement
- B65D43/161—Non-removable lids or covers hinged for upward or downward movement comprising two or more cover sections hinged one to another
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/10—Details of hinged closures
- B65D2251/1016—Means for locking the closure in closed position
- B65D2251/105—The closure having a part fitting over the rim of the container or spout and retained by snapping over integral beads or projections
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pouring lid for a container, in particular a refill box, for powder products.
- Hierbie is a pouring lid for a container for powder products, in which a part of the lid is a film hinge that can be opened via a film hinge that runs obliquely to the edge of the container in the lid surface, and a substantially vertical one that is attached to the inside of the lid surface of the lid locking tongue, the free end of which contacts the inner surface of the container wall, is attached.
- the invention is based on the object of improving the known pouring lid so that it can be operated in a simple manner, namely with one hand. Part of the new pouring lid should be opened independently of the remaining lid part and should be lockable in the open position.
- the invention ensures that the locking tongue climbs onto the edge of the container when the flap is opened and slides off the edge again when the flap is closed.
- the mode of action of the locking tongue is favored if its free end or its lower edge is rounded off in a lens shape.
- the flap can be locked at an opening angle of around 60 °.
- the position and the length of the locking tongue is selected according to the invention so that the circular arc described by the free end of the locking tongue intersects the plane of the inner surface of the container wall when the flap is open by approximately 60 °.
- the free end of the locking tongue then climbs onto the edge of the container and ensures that the flap does not slam again by itself.
- the pouring lid according to the invention preferably consists of plastic, for example of polyethylene or polypropylene, and is designed as a snap lid.
- Part of this snap cover is the flap according to the invention, which can be actuated via the film hinge relative to the snap cover.
- the shape and length of the locking tongue provided for locking the flap at a certain opening angle is u. a. also chosen so that the tongue slides again from the edge of the container when the flap is closed.
- the mutual assignment of the hinge, container edge and locking tongue and the choice of the length of the tongue is based on the knowledge that the distance between the container edge and the lower edge or the free end of the locking tongue must be reduced when the flap is opened.
- this condition can be met, for example, if the film hinge runs approximately diagonally to a corner of the lid. In the case of round lid shapes, the axis of the film hinge should accordingly form a chord of the lid surface.
- i S 1 is low, when this additionally has the circumferential undercut following the flap ribs when forming the bulk lid as a snap lid, which press against the inside of the can. This ensures that when the flap is opened, the entire cover is not removed, and the snap action of the undercut is increased in the region of the additional ribs.
- the pouring lid according to the invention is suitable for practically every shape and size of a container.
- the pouring lid designated overall by 1, consists of a lid surface 2 with an essentially all-round undercut 3 and a flap 5 connected to the lid surface 2 via a film hinge 4.
- the underside of the flap 5 is nearby of the film hinge 4 and the lid edge 6 a locking tongue 7 which is substantially perpendicular to the lid surface 2.
- 5 additional ribs 8 can be provided adjacent to the edge of the lid and in connection to the flap, which press against the inner surface of the container wall and serve to prevent the main part of the lid 1 from detaching from the container 9 when the flap 5 is opened.
- the film hinge 4 extends obliquely to the edge 10 of the container 9 in the cover surface 2. It is thereby achieved that the free end of the locking tongue 7 attached to the inside of the lid surface of the flap 5, when actuated - that is to say when opening and closing - the flap 5 describes a circular arc which defines the plane 11 of the inner surface of the container wall 12 on that of the flap 5 associated container edge 10 cuts. In other words, it means that the free The end of the locking tongue 7 climbs onto the edge of the container 9 when the flap 5 is opened and slides off the edge 10 again when the flap 5 is closed. The ascent and descent of the locking tongue 7 on the container edge 10 is facilitated if the free end of the locking tongue 7 is rounded off in a lens shape.
- the distance between the container 10 and the lower edge of the locking tongue 7 is reduced (as desired) when the flap 5 is opened. This distance also becomes when the flap 5 is closed enlarged again. This means that with a suitably selected length and position of the locking tongue 7, the flap 5 can be locked in a predetermined opening angle.
- the container to be closed with the pouring lid or snap lid according to the invention can be practically any packaging shape and size that is intended for powder products and has sufficiently rigid walls. Special forms are, for example, refill boxes or cans.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schüttdeckel zu einem Behälter, insbesondere einer Nachfüllbox, für Pulverprodukte.The invention relates to a pouring lid for a container, in particular a refill box, for powder products.
Ein derartiger Deckel ist beispielsweise aus der US-Patentschrift 3 772 232 bekannt. Hierbie handelt es sich um einen Schüttdeckel zu einem Behälter für Pulverprodukte, bei dem ein Teil des Deckels eine über ein schräg zum Rand des Behälters in der Deckelflächp verlaufendes Filmscharnier zu öffnende Klappe ist und eine an der Innenseite der Deckelfläche der Klappe angebrachte und im wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Deckelfläche stehende Arretierzunge, deren freies Ende die Innenfläche der Behälterwand berührt, angesetzt ist.Such a lid is known for example from US Pat. No. 3,772,232. Hierbie is a pouring lid for a container for powder products, in which a part of the lid is a film hinge that can be opened via a film hinge that runs obliquely to the edge of the container in the lid surface, and a substantially vertical one that is attached to the inside of the lid surface of the lid locking tongue, the free end of which contacts the inner surface of the container wall, is attached.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, den bekannten Schüttdeckel zu verbessern, damit dieser auf einfache Weise, nämlich mit einer Hand, bedient werden kann. Ein Teil des neuen Schüttdeckels soll dabei unabhängig vom übrigen Deckelteil zu öffnen und in der geöffneten Stellung arretierbar sein.The invention is based on the object of improving the known pouring lid so that it can be operated in a simple manner, namely with one hand. Part of the new pouring lid should be opened independently of the remaining lid part and should be lockable in the open position.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht in der anspruchsgemäßen Ausgestaltung des Deckels.The solution to this problem according to the invention consists in the sophisticated design of the cover.
Durch die Erfindung wird erreicht, daß die Arretierzunge beim Öffnen der Klappe auf den Rand des Behälters klettert und beim Schließen der Klappe wieder von dem Rand abgleitet. Die Wirkungsweise der Arretierzunge wird begünstigt, wenn ihr freies Ende bzw. ihre Unterkante linsenförmig abgerundet ist. Die Klappe ist bei einem Öffnungswinkel von etwa 60° arretierbar. Dazu wird erfindungsgemäß die Lage und die Länge der Arretierzunge so gewählt, daß der von dem freien Ende der Arretierzunge beschriebene Kreisbogen die Ebene der Innenfläche der Behälterwand bei um etwa 60° geöffnete Klappe schneidet. Etwa bei diesem vorbestimmten Öffnungswinkel klettert dann das freie Ende der Arretierzunge auf den Behälterrand und sorgt dafür, daß die Klappe nicht wieder von selbst zuschlägt.The invention ensures that the locking tongue climbs onto the edge of the container when the flap is opened and slides off the edge again when the flap is closed. The mode of action of the locking tongue is favored if its free end or its lower edge is rounded off in a lens shape. The flap can be locked at an opening angle of around 60 °. For this purpose, the position and the length of the locking tongue is selected according to the invention so that the circular arc described by the free end of the locking tongue intersects the plane of the inner surface of the container wall when the flap is open by approximately 60 °. At about this predetermined opening angle, the free end of the locking tongue then climbs onto the edge of the container and ensures that the flap does not slam again by itself.
Vorzugsweise besteht der erfindungsgemäße Schüttdeckel aus Kunststoff, zum Beispiel aus Polyäthylen oder Polypropylen, und ist als Schnappdeckel ausgebildet. Ein Teil dieses Schnappdeckels ist die erfindungsgemäße Klappe, die über das Filmscharnier relative zum Schnappdeckel betätigbar ist. Die Form und die Länge der zum Arretieren der Klappe bei einem bestimmten Öffnungswinkel vorgesehenen Arretierzunge ist dabei u. a. auch so gewählt, daß die Zunge beim Zudrücken der Klappe wieder von dem Rand des Behälters abgleitet.The pouring lid according to the invention preferably consists of plastic, for example of polyethylene or polypropylene, and is designed as a snap lid. Part of this snap cover is the flap according to the invention, which can be actuated via the film hinge relative to the snap cover. The shape and length of the locking tongue provided for locking the flap at a certain opening angle is u. a. also chosen so that the tongue slides again from the edge of the container when the flap is closed.
Der gegenseitigen Zuordnung von Filscharnier, Behälterrand und Arretierzunge sowie der Wahl der Länge der Zunge liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß sich der Abstand zwischen dem Behälterrand und der Unterkante bzw. dem freien Ende der Arretierzunge beim Öffnen der Klappe verringern muß. Diese Bedingung ist bei rechteckigen Deckelformen beispielsweise erfüllbar, wenn das Filmscharnier etwa diagonal zu einer Deckelecke verläuft. Bei runden Deckel - formen soll demgemäß die Achse des Filmscharniers eine Sehne der Deckelfläche bilden.The mutual assignment of the hinge, container edge and locking tongue and the choice of the length of the tongue is based on the knowledge that the distance between the container edge and the lower edge or the free end of the locking tongue must be reduced when the flap is opened. With rectangular lid shapes, this condition can be met, for example, if the film hinge runs approximately diagonally to a corner of the lid. In the case of round lid shapes, the axis of the film hinge should accordingly form a chord of the lid surface.
Schließlich iS1 es günstig, wenn bei Ausbildung des Schüttdeckels als Schnappdeckel dieser zusätzlich zum umlaufenden Hinterschnitt im Anschluß an die Klappe Rippen aufweist, die gegen die Innenseite der Dose drücken. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß beim Öffnen der Klappe nicht der ganze Deckel abgezogen wird, daß die Schnappwirkung des Hinterschnitts im Bereich der zusätzlichen Rippen verstärkt ist.Finally, i S 1 is low, when this additionally has the circumferential undercut following the flap ribs when forming the bulk lid as a snap lid, which press against the inside of the can. This ensures that when the flap is opened, the entire cover is not removed, and the snap action of the undercut is increased in the region of the additional ribs.
Der erfindungsgemäße Schüttdeckel ist für praktisch jede Form und Größe eines Behälters geeignet.The pouring lid according to the invention is suitable for practically every shape and size of a container.
Anhand der schematischen Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels werden weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung erläutert.Further details of the invention are explained on the basis of the schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 die Draufsicht auf den Schüttdeckel;
- Fig. 2 einen Schnitt längs der Linie A-B von Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 die Ansicht C von Fig. 1; und
- Fig. 4 die Ansicht des Deckels gemäß Fig. 1 von unten.
- Figure 1 is a plan view of the pouring lid.
- Fig. 2 is a section along the line AB of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 is view C of Fig. 1; and
- Fig. 4 shows the view of the lid of FIG. 1 from below.
Gemäß Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 bis 4 besteht der insgesamt mit 1 bezeichnete Schüttdeckel aus einer Deckelfläche 2 mit im wesentlichen umlaufend angesetztem Hinterschnitt 3 und einer mit der Deckelfläche 2 über ein Filmscharnier 4 verbundenen Klappe 5. Auf die Unterseite der Klappe 5 ist in der Nähe des Filmscharniers 4 sowie des Deckelrandes 6 eine im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Deckelfläche 2 stehende Arretierzunge 7 aufgesetzt. Außerdem können am Rand des Deckels benachbart und im Anschluß zur Klappe 5 zusätzliche Schnapprippen 8 vorgesehen sein, die gegen die Innenfläche der Behälterwand drücken und dazu dienen zu verhindern, daß sich der Hauptteil des Deckels 1 beim Öffnen der Klappe 5 vom Behälter 9 löst.According to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 4, the pouring lid, designated overall by 1, consists of a
Wesentlich ist, daß das Filmscharnier 4 schräg zum Rand 10 des Behälters 9 in der Deckelfläche 2 verläuft. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß das freie Ende der an die Innenseite der Deckelfläche der Klappe 5 angesetzten Arretierzunge 7 beim Betätigen - also beim Öffnen und Schließen - der Klappe 5 einen Kreisbogen beschreibt, der die Ebene 11 der Innenfläche der Behälterwand 12 an dem der Klappe 5 zugeordneten Behälterrand 10 schniedet. Mit anderen Worten bedeutet das, daß das freie Ende der Arretierzunge 7 beim Öffnen der Klappe 5 auf den Rand des Behälters 9 klettert und beim Schließen der Klappe 5 wieder von dem Rand 10 abgleitet. Das Auf- und Absteigen der Arretierzunge 7 auf dem Behälterrand 10 wird erleichtert, wenn das freie Ende der Arretierzunge 7 linsenförmig abgerundet ist. Da die Achse des Filmscharniers 4 schräg zum Rand des Deckels 1 bzw. zur Behälterwand 12 steht, verringert sich beim Öffnen der Klappe 5 (wie gewünscht) der Abstand zwischen Behalter 10 und Unterkante der Arretierzunge 7. Ebenso wird dieser Abstand beim Schließen der Klappe 5 wieder vergrößert. Das bedeutet also, daß bei passend gewählter Länge und Position der Arretierzunge 7 die Klappe 5 in einem vorbestimmten Öffnungswinkel arretierbar ist.It is essential that the
Bei dem mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schüttdeckel bzw. Schnappdeckel zu verschließenden Behälter kann es sich praktisch um jede Verpackungsform und -größe handeln, die für Pulverprodukte vorgesehen ist und ausreichend steife Wände aufweist. Spezialformen sind beispielsweise Nachfüllboxen oder Dosen.The container to be closed with the pouring lid or snap lid according to the invention can be practically any packaging shape and size that is intended for powder products and has sufficiently rigid walls. Special forms are, for example, refill boxes or cans.
Claims (1)
- Pouring lid for a container, especially a refill box, for powder products, wherein a part of the lid is a flap to be opened through a film hinge extending obliquely to the rim of the container in the lid surface and wherein a locating tongue standing substantially perpendicularly to the lid surface is added to the inside of the lid surface of the flap and the circular arc described by the free end of the locating means on actuation of the flap cuts the plane of the inside surface of the container wall at the container rim associated with the flap, characterised thereby, that the circular arc described by the free end of the locating tongue (7) cuts the plane of the inside surface (11) of the container wall (12) with the flap (5) opened through about 60° and the free end of the locating tongue (7) thereby climbs onto the container rim (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782810624 DE2810624A1 (en) | 1978-03-11 | 1978-03-11 | TRAY LID FOR A CONTAINER FOR POWDER PRODUCTS |
| DE2810624 | 1978-03-11 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0004075A2 EP0004075A2 (en) | 1979-09-19 |
| EP0004075A3 EP0004075A3 (en) | 1979-10-03 |
| EP0004075B1 true EP0004075B1 (en) | 1980-10-29 |
Family
ID=6034162
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP79100690A Expired EP0004075B1 (en) | 1978-03-11 | 1979-03-08 | Dispensing lid for a container for pulverulent material |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0004075B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT364310B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2810624A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK70879A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES241946Y (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1110749B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0074829A2 (en) * | 1981-09-14 | 1983-03-23 | University Of Surrey | A system for moving a member |
| EP0597246A2 (en) * | 1992-10-13 | 1994-05-18 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance SA | Opening device on the cover of a package for liquid products |
| US6119890A (en) * | 1997-11-27 | 2000-09-19 | Nihon Seikan Kabushiki Kaisha | Metallic can and method of manufacture of same, and can cover with integral scraper |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES1029333Y (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1995-11-01 | Caselles Genoveva Maria Serra | BRICK TYPE PACK |
| GB2304702B (en) * | 1995-08-26 | 1999-01-13 | Ledwell Plastics Ltd | Tamper-evident cover for a barrel |
| EP0922650B1 (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 2003-11-05 | Nihon Seikan Kabushiki Kaisha | Can cover with integral scraper |
| US20050236465A1 (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2005-10-27 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Hinged overcap for rectangular containers |
| US8757429B2 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2014-06-24 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Hinged overcap for a container |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3262606A (en) * | 1963-07-29 | 1966-07-26 | Neil S Waterman | Container closure |
| NL6412888A (en) * | 1964-11-05 | 1966-05-06 | ||
| DE1607925C3 (en) * | 1967-02-14 | 1976-01-08 | Schmalbach-Lubeca Gmbh, 3300 Braunschweig | Closing lid made of plastic |
| CH496586A (en) * | 1968-09-06 | 1970-09-30 | F O Werner Zwicker Fa | Pack, in particular portion pack |
| GB1286495A (en) * | 1968-11-25 | 1972-08-23 | Morton Int Inc | A plastics container top with combination closure and sprinkler |
| US3675812A (en) * | 1970-05-13 | 1972-07-11 | Clark Mfg Co J L | Plastic cover with hinged closure and molding dies therefor |
| US3773232A (en) * | 1971-04-19 | 1973-11-20 | W Hidding | Dispensing cover with liftable sifter for use on spice cans and the like |
| US3850350A (en) * | 1973-12-06 | 1974-11-26 | Safety Packaging Corp | Shaker cap |
-
1978
- 1978-03-11 DE DE19782810624 patent/DE2810624A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1979
- 1979-02-19 DK DK70879A patent/DK70879A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-03-08 EP EP79100690A patent/EP0004075B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-03-09 AT AT0178479A patent/AT364310B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-03-09 ES ES1979241946U patent/ES241946Y/en not_active Expired
- 1979-03-09 IT IT7920865A patent/IT1110749B/en active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0074829A2 (en) * | 1981-09-14 | 1983-03-23 | University Of Surrey | A system for moving a member |
| EP0074829A3 (en) * | 1981-09-14 | 1985-07-31 | University Of Surrey | A system for moving a member |
| EP0597246A2 (en) * | 1992-10-13 | 1994-05-18 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance SA | Opening device on the cover of a package for liquid products |
| EP0597246A3 (en) * | 1992-10-13 | 1994-12-28 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Opening device on the cover of a package for liquid products. |
| US6119890A (en) * | 1997-11-27 | 2000-09-19 | Nihon Seikan Kabushiki Kaisha | Metallic can and method of manufacture of same, and can cover with integral scraper |
| AU737661B2 (en) * | 1997-11-27 | 2001-08-23 | Nihon Seikan Kabushiki Kaisha | Metallic can and method of manufacture of same, and can cover with integral scraper |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES241946Y (en) | 1980-07-01 |
| IT7920865A0 (en) | 1979-03-09 |
| EP0004075A2 (en) | 1979-09-19 |
| AT364310B (en) | 1981-10-12 |
| IT1110749B (en) | 1986-01-06 |
| ATA178479A (en) | 1981-02-15 |
| EP0004075A3 (en) | 1979-10-03 |
| DK70879A (en) | 1979-09-12 |
| DE2810624A1 (en) | 1979-09-20 |
| ES241946U (en) | 1979-12-01 |
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