EP0423413B1 - Piston, especially for a pressure die casting apparatus - Google Patents

Piston, especially for a pressure die casting apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0423413B1
EP0423413B1 EP90102606A EP90102606A EP0423413B1 EP 0423413 B1 EP0423413 B1 EP 0423413B1 EP 90102606 A EP90102606 A EP 90102606A EP 90102606 A EP90102606 A EP 90102606A EP 0423413 B1 EP0423413 B1 EP 0423413B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealing ring
cap
piston
annular groove
radially outer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP90102606A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0423413A2 (en
EP0423413A3 (en
Inventor
André Müller
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Allper AG
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Allper AG
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Priority claimed from DE19893934778 external-priority patent/DE3934778A1/en
Application filed by Allper AG filed Critical Allper AG
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Publication of EP0423413A3 publication Critical patent/EP0423413A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/203—Injection pistons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston for a casting cylinder of a die casting press and also relates to a sealing ring for such a piston.
  • the current temperature of the surface of the cap is usually around 300 ° C., while the temperature of the liquid aluminum is 700 ° C. If the cap cools down again after working, a wedge-shaped gap is created between the circumferential edge of the top wall of the cap, into which liquid aluminum can penetrate, solidify there and considerably increase the friction between the piston and the cylinder and accordingly the wear.
  • a sealing ring according to the invention is characterized by the features specified in claim 1; a piston according to the invention is characterized by the features specified in claim 7.
  • the temperature of a casting cylinder increases with the filling degree of the casting cylinder and the weight of the casting material in the casting cylinder. If - due to different thermal expansion or wear - the play between the piston and the casting cylinder increases, liquid aluminum can penetrate into the space between the piston and the casting cylinder and not only damage the inner surface of the casting cylinder, but also reduce the life of the piston.
  • the sealing ring according to claim 1 not only prevents the penetration of the liquid aluminum into the play between the piston and the casting cylinder, but also improves the casting quality, especially when casting under vacuum.
  • the sealing ring does not impair the cooling of the piston, which is a prerequisite for a long service life; rather, the sealing ring is also cooled when the piston is cooled.
  • the labyrinth-like sealing slot not only simplifies the assembly and replacement of the sealing ring, but also ensures that the sealing ring is always tight, even if it is pulled apart slightly is so that the sealing ring can expand even with sudden heating without losing its sealing effect.
  • the sealing ring should consist of an alloy with the greatest possible abrasion resistance, which has a long service life.
  • An alloy according to claim 2 is preferred.
  • an alloy according to claim 3 is considered, wherein the hot-work steel according to claim 3 can be subjected to a special treatment against erosion.
  • Another particularly suitable alloy is specified in claim 4, a composition according to claim 5 having proven particularly useful.
  • the slotted sealing ring can be easily assembled and replaced, it is preferably designed according to claim 6.
  • the sealing ring can be installed even under working temperatures of 100 to 300 ° C in the casting chamber and the temperature corresponding expansion of the casting chamber during two working cycles if it is oversized, which is particularly important for fully automatic casting machines.
  • a configuration according to claim 9 is preferred or 10 provided.
  • an embodiment according to claim 11 is preferably provided.
  • the solid aluminum that has penetrated is removed with compressed air when the piston is extended until the mold is opened.
  • the removal of such aluminum residues that remain between the play of the piston and the casting chamber is of particular importance because the aluminum residues form grooves on the piston when the piston moves back, which make a significant contribution to early wear of the piston, the play between Enlarge the piston and casting chamber and cause the piston to jam.
  • an embodiment according to claim 12 is preferably provided.
  • an embodiment according to claim 13 is preferably provided.
  • an embodiment according to claim 15 is preferably provided.
  • a configuration according to claim 16 is preferably provided.
  • Fig. 1 shows an axial section through a piston on which the invention is based.
  • the upper half and the lower half indicate somewhat different embodiments.
  • Fig. 2 shows an end view of the piston.
  • FIG. 3 shows a radial section through an embodiment of a cap of a piston according to the invention with a sealing ring according to the invention attached to the outer cover surface of the cap, corresponding to section III-III in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows a view in viewing direction IV of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 shows a view in viewing direction V of FIG. 4.
  • Fig. 6 shows a radial section through a second embodiment of a cap.
  • the piston 2 is used to push liquid aluminum out of a casting cylinder (not shown) of a die casting press and has a cap 10 made of a copper alloy which is screwed onto an external thread 6 of a carrier body 8 by means of an internal thread 4.
  • the cylinder not shown, is made of steel and the carrier body 8 is also made of steel.
  • the cap 10 bears with an inner cover surface 12 on a front surface 14 of the carrier body 8. It is screwed with its internal thread 4 onto the external thread 6 of the carrier body 8 and shrunk thermally. When cooling, the cap 4 spans the carrier body 8 and is blocked thereby.
  • the carrier body 8 has at its end leading to the front surface 14 a tapering towards the front surface 14 towards the conical bevel 16, which is surrounded by an annular recess 18 in the cap 10, so that an annular channel 20 is formed, which extends along the circumference of the inner cover surface 12 of the cap 10 and along the circumference of the front surface 14 of the carrier body 8 extends.
  • a supply channel for the coolant runs axially through the carrier body 8.
  • the carrier body 8 has an axial bore 22, into which a coolant supply tube 24 is inserted and sealed from the bore 22 next to its outlet end by an annular seal 26 inserted into the bore 22.
  • radial channels 28 which connect the mouth of the feed channel 22 in the front surface 14 of the carrier body 8 with the ring channel 20.
  • recesses 30 are provided between the radial channels 28, which, together with the jacket of the cap 10, delimit return channels 32 extending from the annular channel 20.
  • the recesses 30 and thus the return channels 32 are offset in the circumferential direction from the radial channels 28, so that the coolant is forced to flow through the ring channel 20 in the circumferential direction.
  • the return channels 32 open into an annular space 34 between a circumferential shoulder 36 of the carrier body 8 and the jacket of the cap 10. From this annular space 34, channel sections 38 are directed obliquely inwards, which open into a common return channel 40 with an annular cross section.
  • This return channel 40 is formed between an inner annular recess 42, the bore 22 of the support body 8 and the tube 24.
  • the inner cover surface 12 of the cap 10 has a dome-shaped recess 44.
  • the outer cover surface 46 of the cap 10 has a chamfer 48.
  • the circumference of the carrier body 8 is sealed off from the cap 10 near the end with ring seals 50, 52 which are embedded in the circumference of the carrier body 8.
  • the carrier body 8 has an extension 54 behind the cap 10, on which gripping surfaces 60 for a tool are located.
  • the rear end of the carrier body 8 consists of a shaft 62 with an external thread 64 which is to be screwed onto a hollow piston rod.
  • the carrier body 8 has at its rear end an extension 66 with an internal thread 68, into which a hollow piston rod with an external thread is to be screwed.
  • FIG. 3 to 5 show a cap 10 which has a cylindrical projection 102 with an outer ring web 104 on its outer cover surface 100.
  • This ring web 104 engages in an inner annular groove 106 of a sealing ring 108.
  • the sealing ring 108 is slit radially in steps at a point 110.
  • the sealing ring 108 is preferably mounted in such a way that its slot lies on the lower part of the casting cylinder, since the aluminum solidifies there earlier.
  • the transition surfaces 112, 114 between the step surfaces 116, 118, 120, 122 lie close together. There are clearances 124, 126 between the step surfaces 116, 120 on the one hand and 118, 122 on the other hand.
  • the sealing ring 108 can thus be pulled apart somewhat and pressed together a little without affecting the seal between the transition surfaces 112 and 114.
  • the cylindrical extension 102 is provided with an annular recess 103 which serves to receive an inner annular web 109 of the sealing ring 108.
  • the sealing ring 108 On both sides of its slot, the sealing ring 108 has axially directed conical holes 142 for the engagement of ends of a collet.
  • the sealing ring 108 and the projection 102 have boundary surfaces 128, 130 which face one another in a V-shape.
  • Cap 10 abuts the sealing ring 108.
  • the radially inner boundary of the sealing ring 108 facing the outer cover surface 100 of the cap 10 is designed as a run-up slope 134.
  • the radially outer boundary of the sealing ring 108 facing the outer cover surface 100 of the cap 10 is designed as a centering run-up slope 136 which, if it is not required, can also be provided on the casting cylinder.
  • the side surface 138 of the ring web 104 facing the cover surface 100 of the cap 10 has grain attachments 140 for engaging grain impacts in the sealing ring 108.
  • the chamfer 48 can be omitted.
  • the cap 10 can be provided with a truncated cone on the end face.
  • the cap 10 has a section 11 of reduced outer diameter next to the rear boundary surface 111 of the sealing ring 108.
  • the front boundary surface 13 of the cap 10 projects from the front boundary surface 113 of the sealing ring 108.
  • the surfaces 128, 130 run in a wedge shape obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the piston.
  • the surface 128 runs axially.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kolben für einen Gießzylinder einer Druckgußpresse und betrifft ferner einen Dichtring für einen solchen Kolben.The invention relates to a piston for a casting cylinder of a die casting press and also relates to a sealing ring for such a piston.

Bekannte Kolben dieser Art (US-Patent 4 667 729) weisen eine Kappe auf, deren innere Deckfläche, einen Kühlmittelraum freilassend, in Abstand von der Frontfläche des Trägerkörpers liegt. Die Kappe sitzt mit ihrem hinteren Rand auf einer Ringschulter des Trägerkörpers auf. Zwischen dem Innengewinde der Kappe und einem Ansatz am Trägerkörper, von dem das zugehörige Außengewinde ausgeht, besteht bei aufgeschraubter Kappe ein Spalt. Erfahrungsgemäß lösen sich diese Kappen während des Betriebs verhältnismäßig leicht vom Trägerkörper. Der Kühlmittelraum in der Kappe kühlt überdies die Deckwand der Kappe nicht ausreichend. Das hat zur Folge, daß der Rand der Deckkappe mit großer Kraft an die Innenfläche des Gießzylinders angreift und verschlossen wird. Üblicherweise liegt dabei die momentane Temperatur der Oberfläche der Kappe bei etwa 300°C, während die Temperatur des flüssigen Aluminiums 700°C beträgt. Kühlt sich nach dem Arbeiten die Kappe wieder ab, entsteht ein keilförmiger Spalt zwischen dem Umfangsrand der Deckwand der Kappe, in den flüssiges Aluminium eindringen kann, sich dort verfestigen kann und die Reibung zwischen Kolben und Zylinder erheblich erhöht und dementsprechend auch der Verschleiß.Known pistons of this type (US Pat. No. 4,667,729) have a cap, the inner top surface of which, leaving a coolant space, lies at a distance from the front surface of the carrier body. The cap sits with its rear edge on an annular shoulder of the carrier body. When the cap is screwed on, there is a gap between the internal thread of the cap and a shoulder on the carrier body from which the associated external thread originates. Experience has shown that these caps detach relatively easily from the carrier body during operation. The coolant space in the cap also does not cool the top wall of the cap sufficiently. The result of this is that the edge of the top cap acts with great force on the inner surface of the casting cylinder and is closed. The current temperature of the surface of the cap is usually around 300 ° C., while the temperature of the liquid aluminum is 700 ° C. If the cap cools down again after working, a wedge-shaped gap is created between the circumferential edge of the top wall of the cap, into which liquid aluminum can penetrate, solidify there and considerably increase the friction between the piston and the cylinder and accordingly the wear.

Um zu verhindern, daß flüssiges Aluminium zwischen den Kolben und den Zylinder eindringen und dort sich verfestigen kann, ist es bekannt, in einer Umfangsnut des Kolbens mehrere geschlitzte Dichtringe axial hintereinander anzuordnen (US-Patent 3 046 621, bildet die Basis für die Oberbegriffe der Ansprüche 1 und 7). Mit lediglich einem einzigen Dichtring kommt der aus DE-B 1 191 934 bekannte Kolben einer Druckgußpresse aus, bei der der Dichtring lose vor dem Kolben in den Gießzylinder eingelegt wird. Der Dichtring besteht aus dem Metall der Gießschmelze und liegt im Bereich seines Innenumfangs zur Gießschmelze frei, so daß er von dem in dem Gießzylinder sich aufbauenden Druck verformt und gegen die Innenwand des Gießzylinder gepreßt wird. Der Dichtring ist als geschlossener Ring ausgebildet und wird lediglich für einen einzigen Gießvorgang benutzt.In order to prevent liquid aluminum from penetrating between the piston and the cylinder and solidifying there, it is known to arrange several slotted sealing rings axially one behind the other in a circumferential groove of the piston (US Pat. No. 3,046,621, forms the basis for the preambles of Claims 1 and 7). The piston of a die casting press known from DE-B 1 191 934 manages with only a single sealing ring, in which the sealing ring is inserted loosely in front of the piston into the casting cylinder. The sealing ring consists of the metal of the casting melt and is exposed in the region of its inner circumference to the casting melt, so that it is deformed by the pressure building up in the casting cylinder and pressed against the inner wall of the casting cylinder. The sealing ring is designed as a closed ring and is only used for a single casting process.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Kolben für einen Gießzylinder einer Druckgußpresse, insbesondere für Aluminium oder Messing anzugeben, der bei vergleichsweise einfacher Konstruktion eine gute Abdichtung erlaubt. Es ist ferner Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Dichtring für einen solchen Kolben zu schaffen, der sich durch gute Dichtwirkung auszeichnet und leicht auswechselbar ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a piston for a casting cylinder of a die casting press, in particular for aluminum or brass, which allows a good seal with a comparatively simple construction. It is also an object of the invention to provide a sealing ring for such a piston, which is characterized by a good sealing effect and is easy to replace.

Ein Dichtring gemäß der Erfindung ist durch die in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gekennzeichnet; ein Kolben gemäß der Erfindung ist durch die in Anspruch 7 angegebenen Merkmale gekennzeichnet.A sealing ring according to the invention is characterized by the features specified in claim 1; a piston according to the invention is characterized by the features specified in claim 7.

Die Temperatur eines Gießzylinders wird mit zunehmenden Füllungsgrad des Gießzylinders und zunehmendem Gewicht des Gießmaterials im Gießzylinder höher. Wird - etwa wegen unterschiedlicher Wärmeausdehnung oder wegen Verschleisses - das Spiel zwischen dem Kolben und dem Gießzylinder größer, so kann flüssiges Aluminium in den Zwischenraum zwischen Kolben und Gießzylinder eindringen und nicht nur die Innenfläche des Gießzylinders beschädigen, sondern auch die Lebensdauer des Kolbens mindern. Der Dichtungsring nach Anspruch 1 verhindert nicht nur das Eindringen des flüssigen Aluminiums in das Spiel zwischen dem Kolben und dem Gießzylinder, sondern verbessert auch die Gußqualität, besonders wenn unter Vakuum gegossen wird. Die Kühlung des Kolbens wird durch den Dichtungsring nicht beeinträchtigt, was Voraussetzung für eine hohe Lebensdauer ist; vielmehr wird bei Kühlung des Kolbens auch der Dichtungsring gekühlt.The temperature of a casting cylinder increases with the filling degree of the casting cylinder and the weight of the casting material in the casting cylinder. If - due to different thermal expansion or wear - the play between the piston and the casting cylinder increases, liquid aluminum can penetrate into the space between the piston and the casting cylinder and not only damage the inner surface of the casting cylinder, but also reduce the life of the piston. The sealing ring according to claim 1 not only prevents the penetration of the liquid aluminum into the play between the piston and the casting cylinder, but also improves the casting quality, especially when casting under vacuum. The sealing ring does not impair the cooling of the piston, which is a prerequisite for a long service life; rather, the sealing ring is also cooled when the piston is cooled.

Die labyrinthartig abdichtende Schlitzung vereinfacht nicht nur die Montage und Auswechslung des Dichtungsrings sondern sorgt auch dafür daß der Dichtungsring, auch wenn er etwas auseinandergezogen wird, stets dicht ist, so daß sich der Dichtungsring auch bei plötzlicher Erhitzung ausdehnen kann, ohne seine Dichtwirkung zu verlieren.The labyrinth-like sealing slot not only simplifies the assembly and replacement of the sealing ring, but also ensures that the sealing ring is always tight, even if it is pulled apart slightly is so that the sealing ring can expand even with sudden heating without losing its sealing effect.

Der Dichtungsring soll aus einer Legierung mit möglichst großem Abreibewiderstand bestehen, die eine hohe Standzeit hat. Bevorzugt ist eine Legierung gemäß Anspruch 2. Insbesondere kommt dabei eine Legierung gemäß Anspruch 3 in Betracht, wobei der Warmarbeitsstahl nach Anspruch 3 gegen Anfressen einer besonderen Behandlung unterzogen werden kann. Eine andere besonders geeignete Legierung ist in Anspruch 4 angegeben, wobei sich eine Zusammensetzung entsprechend Anspruch 5 besonders bewährt hat.The sealing ring should consist of an alloy with the greatest possible abrasion resistance, which has a long service life. An alloy according to claim 2 is preferred. In particular, an alloy according to claim 3 is considered, wherein the hot-work steel according to claim 3 can be subjected to a special treatment against erosion. Another particularly suitable alloy is specified in claim 4, a composition according to claim 5 having proven particularly useful.

Damit der geschlitzte Dichtungsring leicht montiert und ausgetauscht werden kann, ist er bevorzugt gemäß Anspruch 6 ausgebildet. Bei einer solchen Ausbildung kann der Dichtungsring auch unter Arbeitstemperaturen von 100 bis 300°C in der Gießkammer und der Temperatur entsprechender Ausdehnung der Gießkammer selbst dann während zwei Arbeitszyklen montiert werden, wenn er überdimensioniert ist, was besonders für vollautomatisch arbeitende Gießmaschinen von Bedeutung ist.So that the slotted sealing ring can be easily assembled and replaced, it is preferably designed according to claim 6. With such a design, the sealing ring can be installed even under working temperatures of 100 to 300 ° C in the casting chamber and the temperature corresponding expansion of the casting chamber during two working cycles if it is oversized, which is particularly important for fully automatic casting machines.

Damit das Aluminium insbesondere in der Endphase eines Gusses den Dichtungsring auf die Innenfläche des Gießzylinders drückt, wodurch die gewünschte Dichtung zwischen Gießzylinder und Kolben erhöht wird, und damit das Aluminium erstarren kann, bevor es in die Ringausnehmung gelangt, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 9 oder 10 vorgesehen.So that the aluminum presses the sealing ring onto the inner surface of the casting cylinder, in particular in the final phase of a casting, as a result of which the desired seal between the casting cylinder and piston is increased, and so that the aluminum can solidify before it reaches the ring recess, a configuration according to claim 9 is preferred or 10 provided.

Um bei trotz der Ausbildung des Dichtungsrings durchtretendem flüssigem Aluminium das durchtretende und festwerdende Aluminium auffangen zu können, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 11 vorgesehen. Das durchgetretene festgewordene Aluminium wird bei dieser Ausbildung beim Ausfahren des Kolbens bis zum Öffnen der Form durch Druckluft entfernt. Die Entfernung solcher Aluminiumreste, die zwischen dem Spiel des Kolbens und der Gießkammer haften bleiben, ist von besonderer Bedeutung, weil die Aluminiumreste bei einer Rückbewegung des Kolbens Riefen am Kolben bilden, die einen wesentlichen Beitrag für eine frühzeitige Abnutzung des Kolbens bilden, das Spiel zwischen Kolben und Gießkammer vergrößern und zu einem Klemmen des Kolbens führen können.In order to be able to catch the aluminum which is penetrating and solidifies despite the formation of the sealing ring in the case of liquid aluminum, an embodiment according to claim 11 is preferably provided. The solid aluminum that has penetrated is removed with compressed air when the piston is extended until the mold is opened. The removal of such aluminum residues that remain between the play of the piston and the casting chamber is of particular importance because the aluminum residues form grooves on the piston when the piston moves back, which make a significant contribution to early wear of the piston, the play between Enlarge the piston and casting chamber and cause the piston to jam.

Um eine Beschädigung des Dichtungsrings zu vermeiden, wenn zu wenig oder kein Aluminium vorhanden ist und trotzdem gespritzt wird, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung nach Anspruch 12 vorgesehen.In order to avoid damage to the sealing ring if there is too little or no aluminum and is still sprayed, an embodiment according to claim 12 is preferably provided.

Um den Dichtungsring ohne Schwierigkeit montieren zu können, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 13 vorgesehen.In order to be able to mount the sealing ring without difficulty, an embodiment according to claim 13 is preferably provided.

Um zu erreichen, daß der Dichtungsring stets zentriert bleibt und einem Herausziehen des Kolbens aus dem Gießzylinder nur einen geringen Widerstand entgegensetzt, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung nach Anspruch 14 vorgesehen.In order to ensure that the sealing ring always remains centered and that there is only little resistance to pulling the piston out of the casting cylinder preferably provided an education according to claim 14.

Um den Dichtungsring bei noch nicht montiertem Kolben mit kleinem Durchmesser am Kolben festzuhalten, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung nach Anspruch 15 vorgesehen.In order to hold the sealing ring on the piston when the piston has not yet been assembled and has a small diameter, an embodiment according to claim 15 is preferably provided.

Damit der Dichtungsring einen hohen Preßdruck beim Gießen aufnehmen kann, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 16 vorgesehen.In order that the sealing ring can absorb a high pressing pressure during casting, a configuration according to claim 16 is preferably provided.

Durch einen erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Dichtungsring werden insbesondere folgende Vorteile erzielt:

  • a) Der Verschleiß der Gießkammer wird gemindert.
  • b) Die Gußqualität wird erhöht, da Klemmen in der Preßphase unterbunden wird.
  • c) Ein Auswechseln des Kolbens ist nicht erforderlich, sondern nur ein Auswechseln des Dichtungsrings, was eine erhebliche Zeitersparnis zur Folge hat.
  • d) Da der Dichtungsring schnell montiert werden kann, besteht die Möglichkeit, einen überdimensionierten Dichtungsring zu montieren.
The following advantages are achieved in particular by a sealing ring designed according to the invention:
  • a) The wear of the casting chamber is reduced.
  • b) The casting quality is increased because clamping is prevented in the pressing phase.
  • c) It is not necessary to replace the piston, but only to replace the sealing ring, which saves a considerable amount of time.
  • d) Since the sealing ring can be installed quickly, it is possible to install an oversized sealing ring.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an einem Ausführungsbeispiel unter Hinweis auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen beschrieben, wobei der Kürze wegen nur auf flüssiges Aluminium als Gießmetall Bezug genommen wird.The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, reference being made to liquid aluminum as the casting metal for brevity.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Axialschnitt durch einen Kolben auf dem die Erfindung aufbaut. Die obere Hälfte und die untere Hälfte kennzeichnen etwas verschiedene Ausführungsformen.Fig. 1 shows an axial section through a piston on which the invention is based. The upper half and the lower half indicate somewhat different embodiments.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Stirnansicht auf den Kolben.Fig. 2 shows an end view of the piston.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen Radialschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform einer Kappe eines Kolbens gemäß der Erfindung mit einem an die äußere Deckfläche der Kappe angesetzten, erfindungsgemäßen Dichtungsring entsprechend dem Schnitt III-III in Fig. 4.3 shows a radial section through an embodiment of a cap of a piston according to the invention with a sealing ring according to the invention attached to the outer cover surface of the cap, corresponding to section III-III in FIG. 4.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Ansicht in Blickrichtung IV der Fig. 3.FIG. 4 shows a view in viewing direction IV of FIG. 3.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Ansicht in Blickrichtung V der Fig. 4.FIG. 5 shows a view in viewing direction V of FIG. 4.

Fig. 6 zeigt einen Radialschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Kappe.Fig. 6 shows a radial section through a second embodiment of a cap.

Der Kolben 2 dient zum Hinausdrücken von flüssigem Aluminium aus einem nicht dargestellten Gießzylinder einer Druckgußpresse und weist eine mittels eines Innengewindes 4 auf ein Außengewinde 6 eines Trägerkörpers 8 geschraubte Kappe 10 aus einer Kupferlegierung auf. Der nicht dargestellte Zylinder besteht aus Stahl und auch der Trägerkörper 8 besteht aus Stahl. Die Kappe 10 liegt mit einer inneren Deckfläche 12 an einer Frontfläche 14 des Trägerkörpers 8 an. Sie ist mit ihrem Innengewinde 4 auf das Außengewinde 6 des Trägerkörpers 8 aufgeschraubt und thermisch aufgeschrumpft. Bei der Abkühlung umspannt die Kappe 4 den Trägerkörper 8 und wird dadurch blockiert.The piston 2 is used to push liquid aluminum out of a casting cylinder (not shown) of a die casting press and has a cap 10 made of a copper alloy which is screwed onto an external thread 6 of a carrier body 8 by means of an internal thread 4. The cylinder, not shown, is made of steel and the carrier body 8 is also made of steel. The cap 10 bears with an inner cover surface 12 on a front surface 14 of the carrier body 8. It is screwed with its internal thread 4 onto the external thread 6 of the carrier body 8 and shrunk thermally. When cooling, the cap 4 spans the carrier body 8 and is blocked thereby.

Der Trägerkörper 8 weist an seinem zur Frontfläche 14 führenden Ende eine sich zur Frontfläche 14 hin verjüngende konische Abschrägung 16 auf, die von einer Ringausnehmung 18 in der Kappe 10 umfaßt ist, so daß ein Ringkanal 20 entsteht, der sich längs des Umfangs der inneren Deckfläche 12 der Kappe 10 und längs des Umfangs der Frontfläche 14 des Trägerkörpers 8 erstreckt.The carrier body 8 has at its end leading to the front surface 14 a tapering towards the front surface 14 towards the conical bevel 16, which is surrounded by an annular recess 18 in the cap 10, so that an annular channel 20 is formed, which extends along the circumference of the inner cover surface 12 of the cap 10 and along the circumference of the front surface 14 of the carrier body 8 extends.

Ein Zuführungskanal für das Kühlmittel verläuft axial durch den Trägerkörper 8. Hierzu weist der Trägerkörper 8 eine axiale Bohrung 22 auf, in die ein Kühlmittelzuführungsrohr 24 gesteckt und gegenüber der Bohrung 22 nächst ihrem Austrittsende durch eine in die Bohrung 22 eingelassene Ringdichtung 26 abgedichtet ist. In der Frontfläche 14 des Trägerkörpers 8 befinden sich Radialkanäle 28, die die Mündung des Zuführungskanals 22 in der Frontfläche 14 des Trägerkörpers 8 mit dem Ringkanal 20 verbinden. Im Umfang des Trägerkörpers 8 sind zwischen den Radialkanälen 28 Ausnehmungen 30 vorgesehen, die zusammen mit dem Mantel der Kappe 10 von dem Ringkanal 20 ausgehende Rückführungskanäle 32 begrenzen. Die Ausnehmungen 30 und somit die Rückführungskanäle 32 liegen in Umfangsrichtung versetzt zu den Radialkanälen 28, damit das Kühlmittel gezwungen wird, in Umfangsrichtung durch den Ringkanal 20 zu strömen. Die Rückführungskanäle 32 münden in einem Ringraum 34 zwischen einer Umfangsabsetzung 36 des Trägerkörpers 8 und dem Mantel der Kappe 10. Von diesem Ringraum 34 gehen schräg nach innen gerichtete Kanalabschnitte 38 aus, die in einen gemeinsamen, im Querschnitt ringförmigen Rückführungskanal 40 münden. Dieser Rückführungskanal 40 ist zwischen einer inneren Ringausnehmung 42, der Bohrung 22 des Trägerkörpers 8 und dem Rohr 24 ausgebildet.A supply channel for the coolant runs axially through the carrier body 8. For this purpose, the carrier body 8 has an axial bore 22, into which a coolant supply tube 24 is inserted and sealed from the bore 22 next to its outlet end by an annular seal 26 inserted into the bore 22. In the front surface 14 of the carrier body 8 there are radial channels 28 which connect the mouth of the feed channel 22 in the front surface 14 of the carrier body 8 with the ring channel 20. In the circumference of the carrier body 8, recesses 30 are provided between the radial channels 28, which, together with the jacket of the cap 10, delimit return channels 32 extending from the annular channel 20. The recesses 30 and thus the return channels 32 are offset in the circumferential direction from the radial channels 28, so that the coolant is forced to flow through the ring channel 20 in the circumferential direction. The return channels 32 open into an annular space 34 between a circumferential shoulder 36 of the carrier body 8 and the jacket of the cap 10. From this annular space 34, channel sections 38 are directed obliquely inwards, which open into a common return channel 40 with an annular cross section. This return channel 40 is formed between an inner annular recess 42, the bore 22 of the support body 8 and the tube 24.

Gegenüber der Mündung der Bohrung 22 weist die innere Deckfläche 12 der Kappe 10 eine kalottenförmige Ausnehmung 44 auf.Opposite the mouth of the bore 22, the inner cover surface 12 of the cap 10 has a dome-shaped recess 44.

Ringsum ist die äußere Deckfläche 46 der Kappe 10 mit einer Abfasung 48 vergehen.All around, the outer cover surface 46 of the cap 10 has a chamfer 48.

Der Umfang des Trägerkörpers 8 ist gegenüber der Kappe 10 nächst derem Ende mit Ringdichtungen 50, 52 abgedichtet, die in den Umfang des Trägerkörpers 8 eingelassen sind.The circumference of the carrier body 8 is sealed off from the cap 10 near the end with ring seals 50, 52 which are embedded in the circumference of the carrier body 8.

Bei der Ausführungsform entsprechend der oberen Hälfte der Fig. 1 weist der Trägerkörper 8 hinter der Kappe 10 eine Erweiterung 54 auf, an der sich Greifflächen 60 für ein Werkzeug befinden. Das rückwärtige Ende des Trägerkörpers 8 besteht aus einem Schaft 62 mit einem Außengewinde 64, das auf eine hohle Kolbenstange zu schrauben ist.In the embodiment corresponding to the upper half of FIG. 1, the carrier body 8 has an extension 54 behind the cap 10, on which gripping surfaces 60 for a tool are located. The rear end of the carrier body 8 consists of a shaft 62 with an external thread 64 which is to be screwed onto a hollow piston rod.

Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß der unteren Hälfte der Fig. 1 weist der Trägerkörper 8 an seinem hinteren Ende eine Erweiterung 66 mit einem Innengewinde 68 auf, in das eine hohle Kolbenstange mit einem Außengewinde einzuschrauben ist.In the embodiment according to the lower half of FIG. 1, the carrier body 8 has at its rear end an extension 66 with an internal thread 68, into which a hollow piston rod with an external thread is to be screwed.

Die Fig. 3 bis 5 zeigen eine Kappe 10, die auf ihrer äußeren Deckfläche 100 einen zylindrischen Ansatz 102 mit einem äußeren Ringsteg 104 aufweist. Dieser Ringsteg 104 greift in eine innere Ringnut 106 eines Dichtungsrings 108 ein. Der Dichtungsring 108 ist an einer Stelle 110 radial stufenförmig geschlitzt. Bevorzugt wird der Dichtungsring 108 so montiert, daß seine Schlitzung am unteren Teil des Gießzylinders liegt, da das Aluminium dort früher erstarrt. Die Übergangsflächen 112, 114 zwischen den Stufenflächen 116, 118, 120, 122 liegen dicht aneinander. Zwischen den Stufenflächen 116, 120 einerseits und 118, 122 andererseits befinden sich Spielräume 124, 126. Der Dichtungsring 108 kann also etwas auseinandergezogen und etwas zusammengedrückt werden, ohne daß die Dichtung zwischen den Übergangsflächen 112 und 114 beeinflußt wird. Der zylindrische Ansatz 102 ist mit einer Ringausnehmung 103 versehen, die der Aufnahme eines inneren Ringstegs 109 des Dichtungsrings 108 dient. Beidseitig seiner Schlitzung weist der Dichtungsring 108 axial gerichtete konische Löcher 142 zum Eingriff von Enden einer Spannzange auf.3 to 5 show a cap 10 which has a cylindrical projection 102 with an outer ring web 104 on its outer cover surface 100. This ring web 104 engages in an inner annular groove 106 of a sealing ring 108. The sealing ring 108 is slit radially in steps at a point 110. The sealing ring 108 is preferably mounted in such a way that its slot lies on the lower part of the casting cylinder, since the aluminum solidifies there earlier. The transition surfaces 112, 114 between the step surfaces 116, 118, 120, 122 lie close together. There are clearances 124, 126 between the step surfaces 116, 120 on the one hand and 118, 122 on the other hand. The sealing ring 108 can thus be pulled apart somewhat and pressed together a little without affecting the seal between the transition surfaces 112 and 114. The cylindrical extension 102 is provided with an annular recess 103 which serves to receive an inner annular web 109 of the sealing ring 108. On both sides of its slot, the sealing ring 108 has axially directed conical holes 142 for the engagement of ends of a collet.

Der Dichtungsring 108 und der Ansatz 102 weisen frontseitig V-förmig einander gegenüberstehende Begrenzungsflächen 128, 130 auf. An einer durch den Ansatz 102 radial begrenzten Ringschulterfläche 132 der äußeren Deckfläche 100 der Kappe 10 liegt der Dichtungsring 108 an. Die der äußeren Deckfläche 100 der Kappe 10 zugewandte radial innere Begrenzung des Dichtungsrings 108 ist als Auflaufschräge 134 ausgebildet. Die der äußeren Deckfläche 100 der Kappe 10 zugewandte radial äußere Begrenzung des Dichtungsrings 108 ist als zentrierende Auflaufschräge 136 ausgebildet, die, wenn sie entfällt, auch am Gießzylinder vorgesehen sein kann.The sealing ring 108 and the projection 102 have boundary surfaces 128, 130 which face one another in a V-shape. On an annular shoulder surface 132 of the outer cover surface 100 which is radially delimited by the projection 102 Cap 10 abuts the sealing ring 108. The radially inner boundary of the sealing ring 108 facing the outer cover surface 100 of the cap 10 is designed as a run-up slope 134. The radially outer boundary of the sealing ring 108 facing the outer cover surface 100 of the cap 10 is designed as a centering run-up slope 136 which, if it is not required, can also be provided on the casting cylinder.

Die der Deckfläche 100 der Kappe 10 zugewandte Seitenfläche 138 des Ringstegs 104 weist Kornansätze 140 zum Eingriff in Korneinschläge im Dichtungsring 108 auf.The side surface 138 of the ring web 104 facing the cover surface 100 of the cap 10 has grain attachments 140 for engaging grain impacts in the sealing ring 108.

Gegenüber der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 kann die Abfasung 48 weggelassen sein. Alternativ kann die Kappe 10 stirnseitig mit einem stumpfkegeligen Ansatz versehen sein. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 6 weist die Kappe 10 nächst der hinteren Begrenzungsfläche 111 des Dichtungsrings 108 einen Abschnitt 11 verringerten Außendurchmessers auf.Compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the chamfer 48 can be omitted. Alternatively, the cap 10 can be provided with a truncated cone on the end face. In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the cap 10 has a section 11 of reduced outer diameter next to the rear boundary surface 111 of the sealing ring 108.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 6 steht die vordere Begrenzungsfläche 13 der Kappe 10 gegenüber der vorderen Begrenzungsfläche 113 des Dichtungsrings 108 vor.In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the front boundary surface 13 of the cap 10 projects from the front boundary surface 113 of the sealing ring 108.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3 verlaufen die Flächen 128, 130 schräg zur Längsachse des Kolbens keilförmig. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 6 verläuft die Fläche 128 axial.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the surfaces 128, 130 run in a wedge shape obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the piston. In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the surface 128 runs axially.

Claims (16)

  1. Sealing ring provided with a slot for a piston (2) axially displaceable in a casting cylinder of a pressure die casting apparatus, which comprises a cap (10) arranged on a supporting body (8), which cap next to its front side sealing the casting cylinder has a radially outer annular groove (103) for the engagement of the sealing ring (108), characterised in that the sealing ring (108) comprises a radially inner annular groove (106) for engagement of a radially outer annular web (104) arranged on the front of the cap (10) which axially delimits the radially outer annular groove (103) at the front and a radially inner annular web (109) for engagement in the radially outer annular groove (103) of the cap (10) which axially delimits the radially inner annular groove (106), and in that the slot (110) is designed as a stepped slot, the slot faces (112, 116, 118, 114, 120, 122) of which form sealing step transition faces (112, 114) running in peripheral direction and displaceable relative to one another in peripheral direction.
  2. Sealing ring according to claim 1, characterised in that it is made from an alloy of high temperature shock resistance, high wear resistance, high thermal conductivity and high spring force up to 200° C.
  3. Sealing ring according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that it is made from a hot worked steel.
  4. Sealing ring according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that it is made from a copper alloy.
  5. Sealing ring according to claim 4, characterised in that it is made from a CuBe2 alloy.
  6. Sealing ring according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that on both sides of its slot (110) it has axially aligned, conical holes (142) for the engagement of ends of a collet chuck.
  7. Piston for a casting cylinder of a pressure die casting apparatus, with a cap (10) arranged on a supporting body (8) which cap comprises a radially outer annular groove (103) next to its front side sealing the casting cylinder axially and with a sealing ring (108) with a slot (110) engaging in the radially outer annular groove (103) of the cap (10), characterised in that the cap (10) on the front side axially sealing the casting cylinder is provided with a cylindrical projection (102) which comprises a radially outer annular web (104) axially delimiting the radially outer annular groove (103) to the front, in that the sealing ring (108) has a radially inner annular groove (106) in which the radially outer annular web (104) of the projection (102) engages and a radially inner annular web (108) axially delimiting the radially inner annular groove (106), which annular web (109) engages in the radially outer annular groove (103) of the projection (102) and in that the slot (110) is designed as a stepped slot the slot surfaces (112, 116, 118, 114, 120, 122) of which form sealing step transition faces (112, 114) running in peripheral direction and displaceable in peripheral direction.
  8. Piston according to claim 7, characterised in that the sealing ring (108) and the projection (102) have on the front delimiting surfaces (128, 130) opposite to one another radially spaced apart.
  9. Piston according to claim 8, characterised in that the delimiting surfaces (128, 130) of the cap (10) point away from one another.
  10. Piston according to claim 9, characterised in that the front opposite delimiting surfaces (128, 130) are directed away from one another forming a V-shape.
  11. Piston according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the cap (10) next to a rear delimiting face (111) of the sealing ring (108) facing away from the front side has a section (11) of reduced outer diameter.
  12. Piston according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterised in that a front delimiting surface (13) of the projection (102) on the cap (10) forming the front side projects axially relative to a front delimiting surface (113) of the sealing ring (108).
  13. Piston according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterised in that the radially inner delimitation of the sealing ring (108) facing a front outer cover surface (100) of the cap (10) is designed as an inclined contact surface (134).
  14. Piston according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 13, characterised in that the radially outer delimitation of the sealing ring (108) facing a front outer cover face (100) of the cap is designed as a centring inclined contact surface (136).
  15. Piston according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 14, characterised in that the side face (138) of the radially outer annular web (104) facing a front outer cover face (100) of the cap (10) comprises granular projections (140) for engaging in granular indentations in the sealing ring (108).
  16. Piston according to one of claims 7 to 15, characterised in that the sealing ring (108) abuts against an annular shoulder surface (132) of a front, outer cover surface (100) of the cap (10) radially delimited by the projection (102)
EP90102606A 1989-10-18 1990-02-09 Piston, especially for a pressure die casting apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0423413B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893934778 DE3934778A1 (en) 1988-12-28 1989-10-18 Piston for casting cylinder of die casting press - has cooling channels for thin-walled cap pref. heat shrunk to threaded body
DE3934778 1989-10-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0423413A2 EP0423413A2 (en) 1991-04-24
EP0423413A3 EP0423413A3 (en) 1993-02-17
EP0423413B1 true EP0423413B1 (en) 1997-04-02

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EP90102606A Expired - Lifetime EP0423413B1 (en) 1989-10-18 1990-02-09 Piston, especially for a pressure die casting apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5048592A (en)
EP (1) EP0423413B1 (en)
DE (1) DE59010692D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2102354T3 (en)

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EP0901852A1 (en) * 1997-09-09 1999-03-17 André Müller Plunger for a hot-chamber die-casting machine

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US10486229B1 (en) 2012-03-30 2019-11-26 Brunswick Corporation Method and apparatus for avoiding erosion in a high pressure die casting shot sleeve for use with low iron aluminum silicon alloys
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TW201501838A (en) * 2013-04-04 2015-01-16 Gani Murselaj Piston for metal die casting
KR20160072241A (en) 2013-10-18 2016-06-22 엑스코 테크놀로지스 리미티드 Wear ring for die-casting piston, die-casting piston incorporating same, and method of forming same
CN104625012B (en) * 2015-02-04 2016-09-28 大连鸿森精密模具有限公司 A kind of injection plunger of die casting machine
WO2018119517A1 (en) * 2016-12-30 2018-07-05 Exco Technologies Limited Die-casting piston, and die-casting apparatus incorporating same
US20210162492A1 (en) * 2018-07-26 2021-06-03 Moresco Corporation Back-spray system and injection piston
CN109382496B (en) * 2018-12-28 2024-01-23 中信戴卡股份有限公司 Punch assembly and die casting machine comprising same
DE202021001237U1 (en) * 2021-04-01 2021-06-07 Kornelia Jahn Die casting piston for a casting machine
DE102022114210A1 (en) 2022-06-05 2023-12-07 Gerhard Schoch Piston sealing ring for a die-casting cylinder

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0525229A1 (en) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-03 Allper Ag Piston, especially for pushing out liquid metal from a pouring cylinder
US5233912A (en) * 1991-07-29 1993-08-10 Allper Ag Piston for forcing liquid metal out of a casting cylinder
EP0901852A1 (en) * 1997-09-09 1999-03-17 André Müller Plunger for a hot-chamber die-casting machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5048592A (en) 1991-09-17
EP0423413A2 (en) 1991-04-24
ES2102354T3 (en) 1997-08-01
EP0423413A3 (en) 1993-02-17
DE59010692D1 (en) 1997-05-07

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