EP0913854A1 - Method of fabricating a rotating anode assembly - Google Patents
Method of fabricating a rotating anode assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0913854A1 EP0913854A1 EP98203625A EP98203625A EP0913854A1 EP 0913854 A1 EP0913854 A1 EP 0913854A1 EP 98203625 A EP98203625 A EP 98203625A EP 98203625 A EP98203625 A EP 98203625A EP 0913854 A1 EP0913854 A1 EP 0913854A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotating anode
- shaft
- anode assembly
- final
- processing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/10—Drive means for anode (target) substrate
- H01J2235/1006—Supports or shafts for target or substrate
- H01J2235/1013—Fixing to the target or substrate
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a rotating anode assembly for an X-ray tube consisting of a rotating anode body and from a shaft connected to it, the Base body made of graphite or another highly heat-resistant material Carbon base or ceramic and with one by one Coating process applied, generating X-rays Brennbahnbelag is provided.
- Rotating anodes for X-ray tubes generally consist of a disk-shaped base body with an annular focal track coating made of a high-melting metal or alloy, which generates the desired X-ray radiation by electron bombardment.
- the central area of the base body is connected to a cylindrical, often high metallic shaft, which in turn is connected to a rotor as a drive element for the rotating anode.
- Rotating anode units with a metal disc as the supporting base body usually have a central, continuous bore in the finished machined rotating anode base body, into which the shaft is inserted and is usually mechanically connected to it by screw connection. A secure, sufficiently stable connection of these two components is thereby achieved.
- Rotating anodes have to be accelerated to a very high peripheral speed within a very short time.
- the heavy metallic base bodies are frequently replaced by those made of graphite or of another high-temperature, carbon-based material or ceramic with a lower specific weight.
- the advantage of the lower specific weight of these materials compared to metals with a comparable thermal load capacity is often associated with the serious disadvantage of lower strength, which can also have a negative effect in particular with regard to the connection between the anode base body and the shaft.
- rotating anodes are made of specifically light, but less solid materials tend to burst when in operation Basic body with a central through hole for mechanical Connection is provided with the shaft.
- Such a connection Rotating anode / shaft is described for example in US 4,276,493.
- DE 24 25 082 A1 describes, for example, connections of rotating anode base bodies with high waves by welding and / or soldering.
- the connection of a graphite base body to the shaft is described.
- the finished body provided with the focal path covering is inserted into the tubular shaft with a cylindrical extension formed centrally on the underside, and the end of the extension is then soldered to the inner wall of the shaft.
- the molded extension is not suitable for the material graphite, even with large transition radii between the base body and extension, for reasons of strength. Notch effects can cause material cracks, which can cause the rotating anode to fail during operation.
- the finished coated and finished rotating anode base body is butt-soldered to a closed or flared end of the tubular shaft, it is necessary to have at least one centering aid in the form of a central recess in the rotating anode base body to provide. Since with this type of soldering the solder has to be introduced between the contact surfaces, there is often a lateral displacement or a tilting of the rotating anode base body with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shaft during the soldering process when the solder is liquefied, despite this centering aid.
- Thicknesses of the focal track coating on the rotating anode to a different one Roughening behavior of the focal track, which is also for use is undesirable.
- rotating anodes have become highly heat-resistant materials, such as graphite in particular, with a through Coating applied to the burning track covering without a central continuous To this day, the rotating anode body has not been drilled enforced.
- the object of the present invention is therefore a method for rotating anodes with critical, heat-resistant materials and a through to create a coating process applied focal track covering, according to which an inexpensive, precise, mechanically sufficiently stable Connection between the rotating anode body and shaft is reached.
- this is achieved in that in a first Process step with an axially not pierced basic body blank Oversize with the shaft to form a rotating anode assembly is connected that then the further processing of the rotating anode assembly through mechanical processing to near-net shape dimensions and the Application of the focal track covering and optionally a final one mechanical processing takes place to the exact final dimension, the Axis of rotation of the shaft as a reference for the implementation of the respective mechanical processing is used.
- the focal track covering is applied using a PVD process
- a very uniform and smooth layer is generally achieved, the desired layer thickness of which can be easily controlled within narrow limits.
- the exact final dimension of the rotating anode assembly is already achieved with the application of the coating, so that a final mechanical processing can generally be dispensed with.
- the focal track covering is applied with a plasma spraying process, which results in somewhat rougher and more uneven layers compared to the PVD process. In such a case, mechanical finishing of the coating will be expedient to achieve the exact final dimension of the rotating anode assembly.
- An advantageous variant of the method according to the invention provides that first the uncoated body with the shaft integrally into one Rotating anode assembly is connected, then the shaft into the chuck is clamped on a lathe and the base body is close to the final shape Dimensions is turned over. The application is carried out in a further step of the focal track covering by vacuum plasma spraying. In conclusion, the Rotating anode assembly by grinding the focal track covering Brought to size.
- the application of the displayed method since then the cost savings due to the achievable layer thickness uniformity without complex subsequent material removal is fully effective.
- the application of the Brennbahnbelag with layer thicknesses between 60 and 150 microns, in particular of about 100 ⁇ m is sufficient.
- FIG. 1 shows a section on a finished machined anode assembly, consisting of a disc-shaped base body -1- made of graphite, one annular focal track covering -2- made of rhenium and a hollow shaft -3- TZM with a collar-shaped end -4-, which is soldered to the base body -1- is.
- the basic body has a diameter of 180 mm and a maximum Thickness of 64 mm.
- the conical surface supporting the focal path -6- on the Top side has an inclination angle of 7 ° to the horizontal and goes into a central horizontal area -7-.
- Of the Focal track covering -2- has a layer thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
- the conical Surface -8- on the underside is inclined by 20 ° to the horizontal and goes into a central horizontal area -9-.
- the range is -9- with a 2 mm deep depression -10- in which the hollow shaft -3- its bundle-shaped end -4- is soldered.
- the hollow shaft -3- made of TZM has an outer diameter of 34 mm and a wall thickness of 2.5 mm.
- the collar-shaped end -4- has an outer diameter of 65 mm.
- To produce the rotating anode assembly according to Figure 1 was in a disc-shaped blank made of graphite with an outer diameter of 185 mm and a thickness of 68 mm on a lathe first Countersink -10- incorporated. The diameter of the depression -10- pointed an excess of. compared to the collar-shaped end -4- of the hollow shaft -3- 0.15 mm in diameter. After that, the blank was inserted with one Zirconium foil soldered to the finished hollow shaft at 1600 ° C.
- the blank was soldered to the hollow shaft -3- on the Hollow shaft clamped on a lathe and with the exception of the conical Surface -6- on the top with the desired end contour of the rotating anode a slight, all-round oversize of approx. 0.5 mm.
- the Conical surface -6- was reduced to the desired final contour an undersize of corresponding to the finished covering thickness Turned 100 ⁇ m.
- the focal track covering became -2- Rotating anode assembly in the form of a vacuum plasma spray process approx. 130 ⁇ m thick rhenium layer. Then the Burning track covering grinded to the nominal size of 100 ⁇ m and the exact Final dimension of the rotating anode assembly by overturning all others Surfaces made. Finally, the rotating anode was balanced.
- the rotary anode produced in this way was finally measured, with a extremely small, non-disturbing stroke of the focal path of 12 ⁇ m in the axial Direction was determined.
- the radial stroke was 27 ⁇ m.
- the example describes a particularly advantageous invention Process variant for producing a rotating anode assembly.
- the invention is in no way limited to this variant.
- the material for the shaft is by no means based on the TZM molybdenum alloy limited.
- Other high-temperature alloys for example based of niobium or tantalum, but also fiber-reinforced materials on carbon or ceramic base are also considered.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Drehanoden-Baueinheit für eine Röntgenröhre, bestehend aus einem Drehanoden-Grundkörper und aus einer mit diesem verbundenen Welle, wobei der Grundkörper aus Graphit oder einem anderen hochwarmfesten Material auf Kohlenstoffbasis oder Keramik besteht und mit einem durch ein Beschichtungsverfahren aufgebrachten, Röntgenstrahlung erzeugenden Brennbahnbelag versehen ist.The invention relates to a method for producing a rotating anode assembly for an X-ray tube consisting of a rotating anode body and from a shaft connected to it, the Base body made of graphite or another highly heat-resistant material Carbon base or ceramic and with one by one Coating process applied, generating X-rays Brennbahnbelag is provided.
Drehanoden für Röntgenröhren bestehen in der Regel aus einem
scheibenförmigen Grundkörper mit einem ringförmigen Brennbahnbelag aus
einem hochschmelzenden Metall oder Legierung, der durch Elektronenbeschuß
die gewünschte Röntgenstrahlung erzeugt.
Der Zentrumsbereich des Grundkörpers ist mit einer zylindrischen, vielfach
hohen metallischen Welle verbunden, welche wiederum mit einem Rotor als
Antriebselement für die Drehanode verbunden ist.
Drehanoden-Baueinheiten mit einer Metallscheibe als tragendem Grundkörper
besitzen üblicherweise eine zentrale, durchgehende Bohrung im fertig
bearbeiteten Drehanoden-Grundkörper, in welche die Welle eingeschoben und
in der Regel durch Schraubverbindung mit diesem mechanisch verbunden ist.
Dadurch wird eine sichere, ausreichend stabile Verbindung dieser beiden
Bauelemente erreicht.
Drehanoden müssen im Betrieb innerhalb kürzester Zeit auf sehr hohe
Umfangsgeschwindigkeit beschleunigt werden. Aus diesem Grund werden
insbesondere bei großen Drehanoden-Abmessungen, wie sie insbesondere für
die Computertomographie benötigt werden, die schweren metallischen
Grundkörper vielfach durch solche aus Graphit oder aus einem anderen
hochwarmfesten Material auf Kohlenstoffbasis oder Keramik mit einem
geringeren spezifischen Gewicht ersetzt.
Der Vorteil des geringeren spezifischen Gewichtes dieser Materialien
gegenüber Metallen mit einer vergleichbaren thermischen Belastbarkeit ist
jedoch vielfach mit dem schwerwiegenden Nachteil geringerer Festigkeit
verbunden, was sich insbesondere auch hinsichtlich der Verbindung zwischen
Drehanoden-Grundkörper und Welle negativ auswirken kann. Rotating anodes for X-ray tubes generally consist of a disk-shaped base body with an annular focal track coating made of a high-melting metal or alloy, which generates the desired X-ray radiation by electron bombardment.
The central area of the base body is connected to a cylindrical, often high metallic shaft, which in turn is connected to a rotor as a drive element for the rotating anode.
Rotating anode units with a metal disc as the supporting base body usually have a central, continuous bore in the finished machined rotating anode base body, into which the shaft is inserted and is usually mechanically connected to it by screw connection. A secure, sufficiently stable connection of these two components is thereby achieved.
Rotating anodes have to be accelerated to a very high peripheral speed within a very short time. For this reason, especially in the case of large rotating anode dimensions, as are required in particular for computed tomography, the heavy metallic base bodies are frequently replaced by those made of graphite or of another high-temperature, carbon-based material or ceramic with a lower specific weight.
However, the advantage of the lower specific weight of these materials compared to metals with a comparable thermal load capacity is often associated with the serious disadvantage of lower strength, which can also have a negative effect in particular with regard to the connection between the anode base body and the shaft.
So ist es insbesondere von Nachteil, daß Drehanoden aus spezifisch leichten, aber weniger festen Werkstoffen im Betrieb zum Bersten neigen, wenn der Grundkörper mit einer zentralen durchgehenden Bohrung zur mechanischen Verbindung mit der Welle versehen wird. Eine derartige Verbindung Drehanode / Welle ist beispielsweise in der US 4 276 493 beschrieben. Um diesen Nachteil zu beseitigen, hat es daher auch nicht an Vorschlägen gefehlt - insbesondere bei Verwendung von Graphit als Grundkörper - die Welle am Grundkörper ohne durchgehende Bohrung durch Löten zu befestigen.It is particularly disadvantageous that rotating anodes are made of specifically light, but less solid materials tend to burst when in operation Basic body with a central through hole for mechanical Connection is provided with the shaft. Such a connection Rotating anode / shaft is described for example in US 4,276,493. To overcome this disadvantage, there are therefore no suggestions missing - especially when using graphite as the base body - the Shaft on the body without soldering through hole fasten.
Die DE 24 25 082 A1 beschreibt beispielsweise Verbindungen von
Drehanoden-Grundkörpern mit hohen Wellen durch Verschweißen und/oder
Verlöten.
Unter anderem wird auch die Verbindung eines Grundkörpers aus Graphit mit
der Welle beschrieben. Zur Verbindung wird der fertig bearbeitete und mit dem
Brennbahnbelag versehene Grundkörper mit einem zentral an der Unterseite
angeformten, zylindrischen Fortsatz in die rohrförmige Welle eingeschoben und
dann das Ende des Fortsatzes mit der Innenwandung der Welle verlötet. Der
angeformte Fortsatz ist jedoch für den Werkstoff Graphit, selbst bei großen
Übergangsradien zwischen Grundkörper und Fortsatz, aus Festigkeitsgründen
keineswegs werkstoffgerecht. Es kann durch Kerbwirkung zu Materialrissen
kommen, die einen Ausfall der Drehanode im Betrieb bewirken können.DE 24 25 082 A1 describes, for example, connections of rotating anode base bodies with high waves by welding and / or soldering.
Among other things, the connection of a graphite base body to the shaft is described. For the connection, the finished body provided with the focal path covering is inserted into the tubular shaft with a cylindrical extension formed centrally on the underside, and the end of the extension is then soldered to the inner wall of the shaft. However, the molded extension is not suitable for the material graphite, even with large transition radii between the base body and extension, for reasons of strength. Notch effects can cause material cracks, which can cause the rotating anode to fail during operation.
Nach einem anderen Beispiel zum bisherigen Stand der Technik, gemäß dem
der fertig beschichtete und endbearbeitete Drehanoden-Grundkörper mit einem
geschlossenen oder bundförmig erweiterten Ende der rohrförmigen Welle
stumpf verlötet wird, ist es notwendig, zumindest eine Zentrierhilfe in Form
einer zentralen Ausnehmung im Drehanoden-Grundkörper vorzusehen. Da bei
dieser Art der Verlötung das Lot zwischen die Kontaktflachen eingebracht
werden muß, kommt es während des Lötvorganges beim Verflüssigen des
Lotes trotz dieser Zentrierhilfe vielfach zu einer seitlichen Verlagerung oder
einer Verkippung des Drehanoden-Grundkörpers gegenüber der Längsachse
der Welle. Dies führt zu einem Schlag in axialer und/oder radialer Richtung der
Drehanode, der durch mechanische Bearbeitungen nach dem Lötvorgang
wieder ausgeglichen werden muß. Insbesondere der Ausgleich eines Schlages
in Axialrichtung ist bei Drehanoden mit einem durch ein
Beschichtungsverfahren aufgebrachten Brennbahnbelag kostenaufwendig, da
die Beschichtung mit entsprechendem Übermaß aufgetragen werden muß, um
einen anschließenden Ausgleich des Schlages zu ermöglichen, ohne daß die
Brennbahn an einer Stelle zu dünn wird.
Da das Material des Brennbahnbelages teuer ist und auch die
Beschichtungsverfahren an sich kostenintensiv sind, ist jede Notwendigkeit, die
Schichtdicke zu vergrößern, ein gravierender Nachteil. Darüberhinaus führen
unterschiedlicheAccording to another example of the prior art, according to which the finished coated and finished rotating anode base body is butt-soldered to a closed or flared end of the tubular shaft, it is necessary to have at least one centering aid in the form of a central recess in the rotating anode base body to provide. Since with this type of soldering the solder has to be introduced between the contact surfaces, there is often a lateral displacement or a tilting of the rotating anode base body with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shaft during the soldering process when the solder is liquefied, despite this centering aid. This leads to a blow in the axial and / or radial direction of the rotating anode, which has to be compensated for again by mechanical processing after the soldering process. In particular, the compensation of a stroke in the axial direction is costly in the case of rotating anodes with a focal track covering applied by a coating process, since the coating must be applied with a corresponding excess in order to enable a subsequent compensation of the stroke without the focal track becoming too thin at one point.
Since the material of the focal track covering is expensive and the coating processes themselves are cost-intensive, any need to increase the layer thickness is a serious disadvantage. In addition, different lead
Dicken des Brennbahnbelages auf der Drehanode zu einem unterschiedlichen Aufrauhungsverhalten der Brennbahn, was für den Einsatz ebenfalls unerwünscht ist.Thicknesses of the focal track coating on the rotating anode to a different one Roughening behavior of the focal track, which is also for use is undesirable.
Aus diesen Gründen haben sich Drehanoden aus festigkeitsmäßig kritischen, hochwarmfesten Werkstoffen, wie insbesondere Graphit, mit einem durch Beschichtung aufgebrachten Brennbahnbelag ohne zentrale durchgehende Bohrung des Drehanoden-Grundkörpers bis zum heutigen Tag nicht durchgesetzt.For these reasons, rotating anodes have become highly heat-resistant materials, such as graphite in particular, with a through Coating applied to the burning track covering without a central continuous To this day, the rotating anode body has not been drilled enforced.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher ein Verfahren für Drehanoden mit festigkeitsmäßig kritischen, hochwarmfesten Werkstoffen und einem durch ein Beschichtungsverfahren aufgebrachten Brennbahnbelag zu schaffen, gemäß dem eine kostengünstige, präzise, mechanisch ausreichend stabile Verbindung zwischen Drehanoden-Grundkörper und Welle erreicht wird.The object of the present invention is therefore a method for rotating anodes with critical, heat-resistant materials and a through to create a coating process applied focal track covering, according to which an inexpensive, precise, mechanically sufficiently stable Connection between the rotating anode body and shaft is reached.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt ein axial nicht durchbohrter Grundkörper-Rohling mit Übermaß mit der Welle stoffschlüssig zu einer Drehanoden-Baueinheit verbunden wird, daß dann die Weiterbearbeitung der Drehanoden-Baueinheit durch mechanische Bearbeitung auf endformnahe Abmessungen sowie die Aufbringung des Brennbahnbelages und wahlweise eine abschließende mechanische Bearbeitung auf das genaue Endmaß erfolgt, wobei die Rotationsachse der Welle als Bezug für die Durchführung der jeweiligen mechanischen Bearbeitungen herangezogen wird.According to the invention this is achieved in that in a first Process step with an axially not pierced basic body blank Oversize with the shaft to form a rotating anode assembly is connected that then the further processing of the rotating anode assembly through mechanical processing to near-net shape dimensions and the Application of the focal track covering and optionally a final one mechanical processing takes place to the exact final dimension, the Axis of rotation of the shaft as a reference for the implementation of the respective mechanical processing is used.
Auf diese Art und Weise ist ein beim Verbinden von Welle und Grundkörper
auftretendes zeitliches Verrutschen oder axiales Verkippen der Teile
zueinander belanglos, da durch die mechanische Bearbeitung mit der
Rotationsachse der Welle als Bezug die genaue Ausrichtung der Teile
zueinander erreicht wird.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist es sogar denkbar, die Welle ohne
jegliche Zentrierhilfe am Grundkörper zu positionieren und zu verbinden, so
daß jegliche Ausnehmung im Grundkörper entfallen kann.In this way, a slipping or axial tilting of the parts relative to one another that occurs when the shaft and base body are connected is irrelevant, since the precise alignment of the parts with respect to one another is achieved by mechanical processing with the axis of rotation of the shaft.
With the method according to the invention, it is even conceivable to position and connect the shaft to the base body without any centering aid, so that any recess in the base body can be dispensed with.
Je nach Art des Beschichtungsverfahrens, mit dem der Brennbahnbelag
aufgebracht wird, kann es notwendig sein, die Drehanoden-Baueinheit nach der
Aufbringung der Beschichtung nochmals mechanisch auf das genaue Endmaß
nachzubearbeiten.
Bei einem Aufbringen des Brennbahnbelages mit einem PVD-Verfahren
beispielsweise wird im allgemeinen eine sehr gleichmäßige und glatte Schicht
erreicht, deren gewünschte Schichtstärke in engen Grenzen gut steuerbar ist.
Bei Anwendung eines derartigen Beschichtungsverfahrens wird schon mit der
Aufbringung der Beschichtung das genaue Endmaß der Drehanoden-Baueinheit
erreicht, so daß eine abschließende mechanische Bearbeitung in
der Regel entfallen kann.
Anders ist es, wenn der Brennbahnbelag mit einem Plasmaspritzverfahren
aufgebracht wird, das im Vergleich zum PVD-Verfahren etwas rauhere und
ungleichmäßigere Schichten ergibt. In einem solchen Fall wird eine
mechanische Feinbearbeitung der Beschichtung zur Erreichung des genauen
Endmaßes der Drehanoden-Baueinheit zweckmäßig sein.Depending on the type of coating process with which the focal track covering is applied, it may be necessary to mechanically rework the rotating anode assembly after the coating has been applied to the exact final dimensions.
When the focal track covering is applied using a PVD process, for example, a very uniform and smooth layer is generally achieved, the desired layer thickness of which can be easily controlled within narrow limits. When using such a coating method, the exact final dimension of the rotating anode assembly is already achieved with the application of the coating, so that a final mechanical processing can generally be dispensed with.
It is different if the focal track covering is applied with a plasma spraying process, which results in somewhat rougher and more uneven layers compared to the PVD process. In such a case, mechanical finishing of the coating will be expedient to achieve the exact final dimension of the rotating anode assembly.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dann, wenn die stoffschlüssige Verbindung der Welle mit dem Grundkörper durch ein Lötverfahren erfolgt, da es bei diesem Verbindungsverfahren zu einem verhältnismäßig starken Verschieben bzw. Verkippen der Teile zueinander kommen kann und das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren trotzdem eine hochgenaue Ausrichtung der Teile im fertig bearbeiteten Zustand der Drehanoden-Baueinheit ermöglicht.The use of the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous then when the integral connection of the shaft with the base body is done by a soldering process, since this connection method too a relatively strong shifting or tilting of the parts can come together and the method according to the invention nevertheless a highly precise alignment of the parts in the finished state Rotating anode assembly enables.
Eine vorteilhafte Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, daß zuerst der unbeschichtete Grundkörper mit der Welle stoffschlüssig zu einer Drehanoden-Baueinheit verbunden wird, dann die Welle in das Spannfutter einer Drehbank eingespannt wird und der Grundkörper auf endformnahe Abmessungen überdreht wird. In einem weiteren Schritt erfolgt die Aufbringung des Brennbahnbelages durch Vakuumplasmaspritzen. Abschließend wird die Drehanoden-Baueinheit durch Schleifbearbeitung des Brennbahnbelages auf Endmaß gebracht.An advantageous variant of the method according to the invention provides that first the uncoated body with the shaft integrally into one Rotating anode assembly is connected, then the shaft into the chuck is clamped on a lathe and the base body is close to the final shape Dimensions is turned over. The application is carried out in a further step of the focal track covering by vacuum plasma spraying. In conclusion, the Rotating anode assembly by grinding the focal track covering Brought to size.
Besonders kostengünstig ist es, wenn auch bei der Aufbringung des Brennbahnbelages durch Plasmaspritzen die Welle der Drehanoden-Baueinheit in eine Aufnahme eingespannt wird, die die Drehanode in konstantem Abstand zur Plasmakanone in Drehung versetzt.It is particularly cost-effective, even if the application of the Burning track coating by plasma spraying the shaft of the rotating anode assembly is clamped in a receptacle that the rotating anode at a constant distance spun towards the plasma cannon.
Insbesondere dann, wenn Rhenium als sehr teurer Werkstoff für die Beschichtung der Brennbahn eingesetzt wird, ist die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens angezeigt, da dann die Kosteneinsparung durch die erreichbare Schichtdicken-Gleichmäßigkeit ohne aufwendige nachträgliche Materialabtragung voll zum Tragen kommt. Die Aufbringung des Brennbahnbelages mit Schichtstärken zwischen 60 und 150 µm, insbesondere von etwa 100 µm, ist hierbei ausreichend.Especially when rhenium is a very expensive material for the Coating the focal track is used, the application of the displayed method, since then the cost savings due to the achievable layer thickness uniformity without complex subsequent material removal is fully effective. The application of the Brennbahnbelag with layer thicknesses between 60 and 150 microns, in particular of about 100 µm is sufficient.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Herstellungsbeispieles und einer Figur 1 näher erläutert. In the following the invention with reference to a manufacturing example and a Figure 1 explained in more detail.
Figur 1 zeigt im Schnitt eine fertig bearbeitete Drehanoden-Baueinheit, bestehend aus einem diskusförmigen Grundkörper -1- aus Graphit, einem ringförmigen Brennbahnbelag -2- aus Rhenium sowie einer Hohlwelle -3- aus TZM mit einem bundförmigen Ende -4-, das mit dem Grundkörper -1- verlötet ist.FIG. 1 shows a section on a finished machined anode assembly, consisting of a disc-shaped base body -1- made of graphite, one annular focal track covering -2- made of rhenium and a hollow shaft -3- TZM with a collar-shaped end -4-, which is soldered to the base body -1- is.
Der Grundkörper weist einen Durchmesser von 180 mm und eine maximale Dicke von 64 mm auf. Die konische, die Brennbahn tragende Fläche -6- auf der Oberseite weist einen Neigungswinkel von 7° gegenüber der Horizontalen auf und geht in einen zentralen horizontalen Bereich -7- über. Der Brennbahnbelag -2- weist eine Schichtstärke von 100 µm auf. Die konische Fläche -8- auf der Unterseite ist gegenüber der Horizontalen um 20° geneigt und geht in einen zentralen horizontalen Bereich -9- über. Der Bereich -9- ist mit einer 2 mm tiefen Einsenkung -10- versehen, in der die Hohlwelle -3- mit ihrem bundförmigen Ende -4- verlötet ist. Die Hohlwelle -3- aus TZM weist einen Außendurchmesser von 34 mm und eine Wandstärke von 2,5 mm auf. Das bundförmige Ende -4- weist einen Außendurchmesser von 65 mm auf. Zur Herstellung der Drehanoden-Baueinheit nach Figur 1 wurde in einen scheibenförmigen Rohling aus Graphit mit einem Außendurchmesser von 185 mm und einer Dicke von 68 mm auf einer Drehbank zuerst die Einsenkung -10- eingearbeitet. Der Durchmesser der Einsenkung -10- wies gegenüber dem bundförmigen Ende -4- der Hohlwelle -3- ein Übermaß von 0,15 mm im Durchmesser auf. Danach wurde der Rohling unter Einlegen einer Zirkonfolie als Lot bei 1600°C mit der fertig bearbeiteten Hohlwelle verlötet. Anschließend wurde der mit der Hohlwelle -3- verlötete Rohling an der Hohlwelle auf einer Drehbank eingespannt und mit Ausnahme der konischen Fläche -6- auf der Oberseite die gewünschte Endkontur der Drehanode mit einem geringfügigen, allseitigen Übermaß von ca. 0,5 mm hergestellt. Die konische Fläche -6- hingegen wurde auf die gewünschte Endkontur abzüglich einem der fertig bearbeiteten Belagsstärke entsprechenden Untermaß von 100 µm abgedreht. The basic body has a diameter of 180 mm and a maximum Thickness of 64 mm. The conical surface supporting the focal path -6- on the Top side has an inclination angle of 7 ° to the horizontal and goes into a central horizontal area -7-. Of the Focal track covering -2- has a layer thickness of 100 µm. The conical Surface -8- on the underside is inclined by 20 ° to the horizontal and goes into a central horizontal area -9-. The range is -9- with a 2 mm deep depression -10- in which the hollow shaft -3- its bundle-shaped end -4- is soldered. The hollow shaft -3- made of TZM has an outer diameter of 34 mm and a wall thickness of 2.5 mm. The collar-shaped end -4- has an outer diameter of 65 mm. To produce the rotating anode assembly according to Figure 1 was in a disc-shaped blank made of graphite with an outer diameter of 185 mm and a thickness of 68 mm on a lathe first Countersink -10- incorporated. The diameter of the depression -10- pointed an excess of. compared to the collar-shaped end -4- of the hollow shaft -3- 0.15 mm in diameter. After that, the blank was inserted with one Zirconium foil soldered to the finished hollow shaft at 1600 ° C. Then the blank was soldered to the hollow shaft -3- on the Hollow shaft clamped on a lathe and with the exception of the conical Surface -6- on the top with the desired end contour of the rotating anode a slight, all-round oversize of approx. 0.5 mm. The Conical surface -6-, however, was reduced to the desired final contour an undersize of corresponding to the finished covering thickness Turned 100 µm.
Nach dieser mechanischen Bearbeitung wurde der Brennbahnbelag -2- der Drehanoden-Baueinheit mittels Vakuum-Plasmaspritzverfahren in Form einer ca. 130 µm starken Rheniumschicht hergestellt. Anschließend wurde der Brennbahnbelag auf das Nennmaß von 100 µm überschliffen und die genaue Endabmessung der Drehanoden-Baueinheit durch Überdrehen aller übrigen Flächen hergestellt. Abschließend wurde die Drehanode gewuchtet.After this mechanical processing, the focal track covering became -2- Rotating anode assembly in the form of a vacuum plasma spray process approx. 130 µm thick rhenium layer. Then the Burning track covering grinded to the nominal size of 100 µm and the exact Final dimension of the rotating anode assembly by overturning all others Surfaces made. Finally, the rotating anode was balanced.
Die derartig hergestellte Drehanode wurde abschließend vermessen, wobei ein äußerst geringer, nicht störender Schlag der Brennbahn von 12 µm in axialer Richtung festgestellt wurde. Der Schlag in radialer Richtung betrug 27 µm.The rotary anode produced in this way was finally measured, with a extremely small, non-disturbing stroke of the focal path of 12 µm in the axial Direction was determined. The radial stroke was 27 µm.
Das Beispiel beschreibt eine besonders vorteilhafte erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensvariante zur Herstellung einer Drehanoden-Baueinheit. Die Erfindung ist jedoch keinesfalls auf diese Variante beschränkt.The example describes a particularly advantageous invention Process variant for producing a rotating anode assembly. The However, the invention is in no way limited to this variant.
So ist es auch denkbar, alle Flächen mit Ausnahme der Fläche, welche die Brennbahn trägt, schon vor der Beschichtung auf das genaue Endmaß zu bringen und die die Brennbahn tragende Fläche mechanisch so auf Untermaß zu bearbeiten, daß nach Aufbringen der Beschichtung mit oder ohne zusätzliche mechanische Bearbeitung das genaue Endmaß der gesamten Drehanoden-Baueinheit erreicht ist.So it is also conceivable to use all surfaces with the exception of the surface that the Brennbahn contributes to the exact final dimension before coating bring and the surface carrying the focal path mechanically to undersize edit that after applying the coating with or without additional mechanical processing the exact gauge of the whole Rotating anode assembly is reached.
Ebenso ist es denkbar, das geschlossene oder bundförmig verbreitete Ende der Welle ohne jegliche Ausnehmung im Graphit stumpf mit der Graphitoberfläche zu verlöten.It is also conceivable that the closed or widespread end the shaft without any recess in the graphite blunt with the Solder graphite surface.
Auch ist das Material für die Welle keineswegs auf die Molybdänlegierung TZM beschränkt. Andere hochwarmfeste Legierungen, beispielsweise auf der Basis von Niob oder Tantal, aber auch faserverstärkte Werkstoffe auf Kohlenstoff- oder keramischer Basis kommen ebenfalls in Betracht.Also, the material for the shaft is by no means based on the TZM molybdenum alloy limited. Other high-temperature alloys, for example based of niobium or tantalum, but also fiber-reinforced materials on carbon or ceramic base are also considered.
Für das Material des Grundkörpers sind neben Graphit insbesondere auch noch faserverstärkte Werkstoffe auf Kohlenstoff- oder keramischer Basis vorteilhaft anwendbar.For the material of the base body, in addition to graphite, in particular still fiber-reinforced materials based on carbon or ceramic advantageously applicable.
Claims (5)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in einem ersten Schritt ein axial nicht durchbohrter Grundkörper-Rohling mit Übermaß mit der Welle stoffschlüssig zu einer Drehanoden-Baueinheit verbunden wird und daß in weiterer Folge die mechanische Bearbeitung der Drehanoden-Baueinheit auf endformnahe Abmessungen, die Aufbringung des Brennbahnbelages und wahlweise eine abschließende mechanische Nachbearbeitung auf Endmaß erfolgen, wobei für die Durchführung der jeweiligen mechanischen Bearbeitungen die Rotationsachse der Welle als Maß-Bezug herangezogen wird.A method for producing a rotating anode assembly for an X-ray tube, consisting of a rotating anode base and a shaft connected to it, the base consisting of graphite or another high-temperature carbon-based material or ceramic and with an X-ray radiation generated by a coating process Burning track covering is provided,
characterized,
that in a first step an axially undrilled basic body blank with excess is cohesively connected to the shaft to form a rotating anode assembly and that subsequently the mechanical processing of the rotating anode assembly to near-net shape dimensions, the application of the focal track covering and optionally a final mechanical Post-processing takes place to the final dimension, the axis of rotation of the shaft being used as a dimension reference for carrying out the respective mechanical processing.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0183397A AT406205B (en) | 1997-10-30 | 1997-10-30 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TURNING ANODE UNIT |
| AT183397 | 1997-10-30 | ||
| AT1833/97 | 1997-10-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0913854A1 true EP0913854A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
| EP0913854B1 EP0913854B1 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
Family
ID=3522001
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98203625A Expired - Lifetime EP0913854B1 (en) | 1997-10-30 | 1998-10-27 | Method of fabricating a rotating anode assembly |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5993280A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0913854B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4342616B2 (en) |
| AT (2) | AT406205B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59804036D1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19906854A1 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-08-31 | Siemens Ag | Rotary anode for X-ray tube |
| US8553844B2 (en) | 2007-08-16 | 2013-10-08 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Hybrid design of an anode disk structure for high prower X-ray tube configurations of the rotary-anode type |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10036614A1 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-02-07 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Process for joining workpieces |
| US20070207338A1 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-06 | Plasma Processes, Inc. | X-ray target and method for manufacturing same |
| JP6235571B2 (en) | 2012-05-22 | 2017-11-22 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェＫｏｎｉｎｋｌｉｊｋｅ Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｓ Ｎ．Ｖ． | X-ray tube rotor containing carbon composite material |
| EP3496128A1 (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-12 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | A rotary anode for an x-ray source |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3539859A (en) * | 1956-03-30 | 1970-11-10 | Radiologie Cie Gle | X-ray generator tube with graphite rotating anode |
| US3579022A (en) * | 1967-08-28 | 1971-05-18 | Schwarzkopf Dev Co | Rotary anode for x-ray tube |
| US3735458A (en) * | 1969-11-08 | 1973-05-29 | Philips Corp | Method of manufacturing rotary anodes for use in x-ray tube and rotary anodes manufactured by said method |
| DE2425082A1 (en) * | 1974-05-24 | 1975-11-27 | Siemens Ag | X-ray tube rotary anode - has hollow shaft welded to rotary anode body at spaced locations |
| US4276493A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1981-06-30 | General Electric Company | Attachment means for a graphite x-ray tube target |
| US5592525A (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1997-01-07 | General Electric Company | Method for making a rotating anode with an integral shaft |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6044940A (en) * | 1983-08-23 | 1985-03-11 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Manufacture of x-ray tube rotary electrode |
| US5498186A (en) * | 1994-10-06 | 1996-03-12 | General Electric Company | Method of making an improved target/stem connection for x-ray tube anode assemblies |
-
1997
- 1997-10-30 AT AT0183397A patent/AT406205B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-10-22 US US09/177,203 patent/US5993280A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-27 EP EP98203625A patent/EP0913854B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-27 AT AT98203625T patent/ATE217443T1/en active
- 1998-10-27 DE DE59804036T patent/DE59804036D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-28 JP JP30711498A patent/JP4342616B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3539859A (en) * | 1956-03-30 | 1970-11-10 | Radiologie Cie Gle | X-ray generator tube with graphite rotating anode |
| US3579022A (en) * | 1967-08-28 | 1971-05-18 | Schwarzkopf Dev Co | Rotary anode for x-ray tube |
| US3735458A (en) * | 1969-11-08 | 1973-05-29 | Philips Corp | Method of manufacturing rotary anodes for use in x-ray tube and rotary anodes manufactured by said method |
| DE2425082A1 (en) * | 1974-05-24 | 1975-11-27 | Siemens Ag | X-ray tube rotary anode - has hollow shaft welded to rotary anode body at spaced locations |
| US4276493A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1981-06-30 | General Electric Company | Attachment means for a graphite x-ray tube target |
| US5592525A (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1997-01-07 | General Electric Company | Method for making a rotating anode with an integral shaft |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19906854A1 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-08-31 | Siemens Ag | Rotary anode for X-ray tube |
| US8553844B2 (en) | 2007-08-16 | 2013-10-08 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Hybrid design of an anode disk structure for high prower X-ray tube configurations of the rotary-anode type |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4342616B2 (en) | 2009-10-14 |
| ATE217443T1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
| DE59804036D1 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
| AT406205B (en) | 2000-03-27 |
| EP0913854B1 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
| US5993280A (en) | 1999-11-30 |
| JPH11195378A (en) | 1999-07-21 |
| ATA183397A (en) | 1999-07-15 |
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