EP1163692B1 - Substratparallel arbeitendes mikrorelais - Google Patents
Substratparallel arbeitendes mikrorelais Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1163692B1 EP1163692B1 EP00908889A EP00908889A EP1163692B1 EP 1163692 B1 EP1163692 B1 EP 1163692B1 EP 00908889 A EP00908889 A EP 00908889A EP 00908889 A EP00908889 A EP 00908889A EP 1163692 B1 EP1163692 B1 EP 1163692B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact piece
- substrate
- movable contact
- microrelay
- drive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H59/00—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays
- H01H59/0009—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays making use of micromechanics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
- H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
Definitions
- This invention relates to a micro relay for switching on and off electric current.
- a micro relay according to the preamble of claim 1 is from K E PETERSEN: “Micromechanical Membrane Switches on Silicon” IBM JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, US, IBM CORPORATION, ARMONK, Vol. 23, No. 4, July 1979 (1979-07), Pages 376-385-385, XP002101779 ISSN: 0018-8646 known.
- micro-relays are mounted on a substrate and have a movable contact piece on the substrate as well as an elastic suspension of the contact piece and an electrically actuated drive of the contact piece on.
- the drive for example electrostatic, electromagnetic or can work piezoelectrically, the movable contact piece from an open position moved into a closed position or vice versa, the elastic Suspension provides a restoring force.
- the contact piece for example, elastic properties have or be part of the drive.
- Microrelays are made by the known methods of semiconductor technology or comparable methods of microtechnology are manufactured and are particularly suitable in this respect for integration with other semiconductor technology facilities, in particular integrated circuits or transistors.
- micro-relays have a particularly good comparison to conventional electromagnetic ones Relay extraordinary due to the small moving masses fast response times.
- the switching capacities required are very high low, so that in particular when used multiple times in a larger one Circuit can achieve significant performance savings.
- micro relays not only have small construction volumes in Claim but also have correspondingly low weights. After all, with suitable encapsulation, they are again due to the small size Size and the small moving masses extremely insensitive both in mechanical as well as in thermal terms. So the technician is with the use of microrelays is much more flexible than with conventional electromagnetic Relay.
- the invention is based on the technical problem, one compared to the prior art to find technology-enhanced micro-relays.
- the invention solves this problem by means of a micro-relay having a substrate, a movable contact piece on the substrate, an elastic suspension of the movable contact piece and an electrically actuable drive of the movable contact piece, characterized in that the movable contact piece is essentially parallel to the substrate by the drive in the suspension is movable and by a method for producing a micro-relay of the above type, in which the movable contact piece receives at least a substantial part of its functional structure through a two-dimensional structuring method parallel to the substrate.
- the microrelay according to the invention is thus characterized in that the movable Contact piece has a substrate-parallel direction of movement.
- the moveable The contact piece moves in a way planar and not, as in the State of the art, more or less perpendicular to the substrate plane. hereby there are various possibilities for technical improvements.
- To the entire microrelay can be essentially two-dimensional be what the application of typical microtechnological processes, in particular with regard to the necessary lithography, etching or coating steps basically simplified.
- a flat structure can also increase the possibilities of one later encapsulation or protection by a cover or the like.
- the structure of the microrelay be either partial, i. H. the structure of the movable contact piece, the drive or the elastic Suspension, or to carry out two-dimensionally as far as possible.
- the function-determining ones Structural elements can be selected two-dimensionally in the substrate plane and accordingly implemented simply and uniformly in lithography and structuring can be.
- the buried Layers in the appropriate places can be removed to make certain Detach parts from the substrate and thus, for example, elastic or movable to design.
- Silicon is a suitable structural material, also because it is doped appropriately depending on the need, both practically insulating and electrically conductive can be executed. This is through appropriate implantation or diffusion steps also possible in a manner adapted to the microrelay structure.
- Buried layers can consist of SiO 2 , for example, and also in order to maximize the contact points with the established semiconductor technology processes.
- SiO 2 or another insulator If silicon on SiO 2 or another insulator is used, it is possible to fall back on imported SOI (Silicon on Insulator) structures, particularly if single-crystal silicon is preferred as the building material, on SI-MOX wafers.
- SOI Silicon on Insulator
- ion etching processes and in particular RIE processes.
- RIE processes With ion etching can be used in various materials with suitable process control almost vertical flanks in completely sufficient for this application Create depths. These processes are also to be processed for larger ones Even surfaces and are well suited for automated mass production. In addition to other established ion etching processes, this stands out RIE process through a large selection of known processes for various Materials with justifiable expenditure on equipment and relatively high Etching rates.
- a Rod arranged parallel to the substrate can be used, preferably a Has truss structure to achieve good stability with low weight. This makes them sensitive to vibrations and shocks and they respond quickly Structures with high resonance frequencies possible.
- This truss structure can be considered in view of the two-dimensional preferred in this invention Realize the structure with a two-dimensional structuring of the micro relay.
- the movable contact piece can have an oblique contact surface, at an angle to the direction of movement and at the same time essentially running perpendicular to the substrate plane. Due to the oblique arrangement of the contact surface can be in contact with a corresponding complementary contact surface a fixed contact piece without too much physical expansion of the movable contact piece a relatively large contact area can be achieved. At the same time, the oblique angle of attack between the direction of movement and the contact surface also a translation of the power of the drive be achieved, especially if it is on the opposite of the contact surface Side of the movable contact piece, a corresponding second contact surface or other investment there.
- the movable or a fixed contact piece is designed so that itself in the closing movement, for example due to a bending of a contact piece a noticeable cross component between the respective contact surfaces, d. H. a component of movement in the surface direction, the contact quality be improved.
- An electrostatic version is preferred as the drive, because it compared to electromagnetic or piezoelectric drives lower utility services as well as lower utility voltages having.
- electrostatic drives namely the to compensate for relatively low driving forces is a toothed finger structure preferred, which is considered in the present invention standing two-dimensional structuring can be sensibly implemented.
- the elastic suspension is preferably meandering by at least one trained footbridge. On the details of these geometric designs will be discussed in more detail in the description of the exemplary embodiments.
- the invention also makes it possible to use one of conventional ones To install circuit breakers known arcing chamber structure, as shown in more detail in the third embodiment.
- the invention relates both to a novel microrelay structure as well as a two-dimensional structuring process designed for this purpose. Accordingly, the above statements are about the different Individual aspects of the invention both with regard to the disclosure corresponding device features as well as with regard to process features to understand.
- Figures 1 and 2 show a first embodiment with a movable Contact piece, which is a rod 1 in the direction of movement with a through has transverse struts built truss structure.
- a movable Contact piece which is a rod 1 in the direction of movement with a through has transverse struts built truss structure.
- At the in the figure right side of the rod 1 are two oblique to that in the figures of the Horizontal corresponding direction of movement and perpendicular to that of the drawing plane corresponding contact plane 3 extending contact surfaces of the movable Contact piece and two complementary contact surfaces 4 of a fixed Contact piece 5.
- the movable contact piece is due to an elastic suspension in one double meandering web structure 6 in the horizontal direction in Figure 1, d. H. parallel to the substrate, movable. 1 shows an open state of the Micro relay, in which two parts of the fixed contact piece 5 from each other are separated, whereas FIG. 2 shows the microrelay in the closed state shows in which the movable contact piece the two parts of the fixed Contact piece 5 connects.
- the current flow I that is now possible is indicated.
- the entire movable contact piece By removing a buried SiO 2 layer from the substrate, the entire movable contact piece, including the left side of the drive 7 and the elastic suspension 6 in the figures, is removed. The remaining parts shown, in particular the fixed contact piece 5 and the right side in the figures of the drive 7 are firmly connected to the substrate by the buried SiO 2 layer.
- the force necessary for the movement is generated by a designated 7 toothed finger structure by applying a voltage U in the in the figures 1 and 2 shown is operated.
- the fingers are exaggerated in Figure 1 shown far apart, they can also be open reach into each other.
- the de-energized state thus corresponds to that in Figure 1 shown open position, whereas when creating a positive Voltage through the electrostatic attraction the restoring force of the elastic Suspension 6 is overcome and the closed position is established.
- the meandering webs are the elastic ones by appropriate doping Suspension 6 and the fingers of the drive 7 electrically conductive.
- the truss structure of the rod 1 is designed to be insulating Separate the drive from the switched path in potential.
- the contact areas 3 and 4 are covered with Au by appropriate oblique vapor deposition; the fixed contact piece 5 can be a relatively solid one metallic conductor track.
- To the ohmic resistance in the closed Decrease position can also be the contact-side tip of the movable Contact piece between the two inclined contact surfaces 3 with one sufficiently thick metal layer and thus the two contact surfaces 3 electrically connect.
- the case shown corresponds to an open relay when de-energized the usual design of conventional electromagnetic relays, however not necessarily. It can also be caused by electrostatic repulsion, or by electrostatic Attraction of fingers in opposite directions, one basically closed microrelay structure due to the elastic suspension 6 can be opened by applying voltage.
- Figures 3 and 4 show a second embodiment, only those of Details deviating from the first exemplary embodiment are explained.
- the truss structure 2 of the movable contact piece bears on the contact-side end of the contact piece rod 1 a substantially transverse to Beam 8 extending in the direction of the bar, with bars located at both ends thereof reinforced metal structures 9 connected by a metallic bridge 10 are.
- Analog contact surfaces lie opposite each of the contact surfaces 9 11 on two parts of the fixed contact piece 5.
- this structure has the advantage that a slight movement component due to a slight bending of the beam 8 between the contact surfaces 9 and 11 transverse to the closing direction of the microrelay results. Experience has shown that this can improve the quality of the contact become.
- the third exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 5 and 6 shows a variant with a quenching chamber structure 12 constructed from vertical Si webs which are electrically insulated on the substrate by the buried SiO 2 layer.
- the contact piece from the closed position shown in FIG. 6 to the open position shown in FIG. 5 can have an arc due to the rounded shape of the fixed contact piece 5 at the point denoted by 13 and the rounded shape of the contact-side end 14 of the movable contact piece along the as Structure 13 acting rail are driven into the quenching chamber 12.
- a curved shape of the arc is driven due to 12.
- a curved shape of the arc is important due to the suitable shape at 13 and 14.
- the third embodiment differs from the first and second in that the movable contact piece is not about two separate Parts of the fixed contact piece 5 can connect, but a part itself of the current path to be switched. This is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 by the Reinforced lines in the area of the current path shown, d. H. in the area of the fixed contact piece 5, the arcing chamber 12, the movable Contact piece, d. H. of the rod 1, which is made conductive here, in the figures 5 and 6 lower meandering suspension structure 6 and the conductive Connection between the left end of the structure in FIGS. 5 and 6 and the extinguishing chamber 12.
Description
sowie durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mikrorelais der oben stehenden Art, bei dem das bewegbare Kontaktstück durch ein substratparalleles zweidimensionales Strukturierungsverfahren zumindest einen wesentlichen Teil seiner funktionalen Struktur erhält.
Claims (12)
- Mikrorelais mit
einem Substrat,
einem bewegbaren Kontaktstück (1) auf dem Substrat,
einer elastischen Aufhängung (6) des bewegbaren Kontaktstücks (1) und
einem elektrisch betätigbaren Antrieb (7) des bewegbaren Kontaktstücks (1),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bewegbare Kontaktstück (1) durch den Antrieb (7) in der Aufhängung (6) im wesentlichen substratparallel bewegbar ist. - Mikrorelais nach Anspruch 1, bei dem zumindest ein wesentlicher Teil der funktionalen Struktur des bewegbaren Kontaktstücks (1), der elastischer Aufhängung (6) und/oder des Antriebs (7) in Form einer zweidimensionalen Struktur in einer substratparallelen Ebene vorgesehen ist.
- Mikrorelais nach Anspruch 2 mit einer zwischen der zweidimensionalen Struktur (1, 6, 7) und dem Substrat angeordneten vergrabenen Schicht, die unter bewegbaren Strukturteilen entfernt ist.
- Mikrorelais nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das bewegbare Kontaktstück einen substratparallel angeordneten Stab (1) aufweist, der eine Kontaktfläche (3, 9, 14) mit dem Antrieb (7) verbindet.
- Mikrorelais nach Anspruch 4, bei dem der Stab (1) eine Fachwerkstruktur (2) aufweist.
- Mikrorelais nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das bewegbare Kontaktstück (1) eine schräg zur Bewegungsrichtung und senkrecht zum Substrat verlaufende Kontaktfläche (3) aufweist.
- Mikrorelais nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem sich bei einer das Mikrorelais schließenden Bewegung des bewegbaren Kontaktstükkes (1) eine Querbewegungskomponente zwischen Kontaktflächen (9, 11) des bewegbaren Kontaktstückes (1) und eines feststehenden Kontaktstükkes (5) ergibt.
- Mikrorelais nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Antrieb eine elektrostatisch wirkende verzahnte Fingerstruktur (7) aufweist.
- Mikrorelais nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die elastische Aufhängung einen mäanderförmigen Steg (6) aufweist.
- Mikrorelais nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche mit einer Löschkammerstruktur (12).
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mikrorelais nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche bei dem das bewegbare Kontaktstück (1), der Antrieb (7) und/oder die elastische Aufhängung (6) durch ein substratparalleles zweidimensionales Strukturierungsverfahren zumindest einen wesentlichen Teil ihrer funktionalen Struktur erhalten.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüch 11, bei dem eine zwischen der zweidimensionalen Struktur (1, 6, 7) und dem Substrat angeordnete vergrabene Schicht teilweise entfernt wird, um Strukturteile vom Substrat zu lösen.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19912669 | 1999-03-20 | ||
DE19912669A DE19912669A1 (de) | 1999-03-20 | 1999-03-20 | Substratparallel arbeitendes Mikrorelais |
PCT/CH2000/000152 WO2000057445A1 (de) | 1999-03-20 | 2000-03-17 | Substratparallel arbeitendes mikrorelais |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1163692A1 EP1163692A1 (de) | 2001-12-19 |
EP1163692B1 true EP1163692B1 (de) | 2003-02-05 |
Family
ID=7901818
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00908889A Expired - Lifetime EP1163692B1 (de) | 1999-03-20 | 2000-03-17 | Substratparallel arbeitendes mikrorelais |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6613993B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1163692B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE232331T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19912669A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000057445A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007035633A1 (de) | 2007-07-28 | 2009-02-19 | Protron Mikrotechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung mikromechanischer Strukturen sowie mikromechanische Struktur |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10040867A1 (de) * | 2000-08-21 | 2002-05-23 | Abb Research Ltd | Mikroschalter |
US6917268B2 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2005-07-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Lateral microelectromechanical system switch |
US20040027029A1 (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-02-12 | Innovative Techology Licensing, Llc | Lorentz force microelectromechanical system (MEMS) and a method for operating such a MEMS |
US7446300B2 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2008-11-04 | Baolab Microsystems, S. L. | Miniature electro-optic device having a conductive element for modifying the state of passage of light between inlet/outlet points and corresponding uses thereof |
US20050156191A1 (en) * | 2004-01-21 | 2005-07-21 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Actuator structure and optical device |
JP4540443B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-21 | 2010-09-08 | 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 | 静電リレー |
KR100748747B1 (ko) | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 비접촉 rf mems 스위치 |
WO2009148677A2 (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-12-10 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Microelectromechanical system (mems) resonant switches and applications for power converters and amplifiers |
FR2950194B1 (fr) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-09-02 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Actionneur electromecanique a electrodes interdigitees |
EP2780925B1 (de) * | 2011-12-21 | 2018-09-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schütz |
KR101276369B1 (ko) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-06-18 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 배선용 차단기 |
CN103956299A (zh) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-30 | 苏州锟恩电子科技有限公司 | 一种微机械rf开关 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5025346A (en) * | 1989-02-17 | 1991-06-18 | Regents Of The University Of California | Laterally driven resonant microstructures |
DE4126107C2 (de) * | 1991-08-07 | 1993-12-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Beschleunigungssensor und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
DE4205029C1 (en) * | 1992-02-19 | 1993-02-11 | Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De | Micro-mechanical electrostatic relay - has tongue-shaped armature etched from surface of silicon@ substrate |
DE4229068C2 (de) * | 1992-09-01 | 1994-06-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Beschleunigungsschalter und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
FR2706075B1 (fr) * | 1993-06-02 | 1995-07-21 | Lewiner Jacques | Dispositif de commande du type actionneur à pièce mobile conservant son orientation au cours du mouvement. |
KR100252009B1 (ko) * | 1997-09-25 | 2000-04-15 | 윤종용 | 마이크로 진동구조물과 그 공진주파수 조절방법 및 이를 이용한 마이크로 엑츄에이터 |
DE19800189C2 (de) * | 1998-01-05 | 2000-05-18 | Stefan Vogel | Mikromechanischer Schalter |
-
1999
- 1999-03-20 DE DE19912669A patent/DE19912669A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-03-17 AT AT00908889T patent/ATE232331T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-03-17 EP EP00908889A patent/EP1163692B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-17 US US09/936,836 patent/US6613993B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-17 WO PCT/CH2000/000152 patent/WO2000057445A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-03-17 DE DE50001205T patent/DE50001205D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007035633A1 (de) | 2007-07-28 | 2009-02-19 | Protron Mikrotechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung mikromechanischer Strukturen sowie mikromechanische Struktur |
DE102007035633B4 (de) * | 2007-07-28 | 2012-10-04 | Protron Mikrotechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung mikromechanischer Strukturen sowie mikromechanische Struktur |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000057445A1 (de) | 2000-09-28 |
DE19912669A1 (de) | 2000-09-21 |
US6613993B1 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
EP1163692A1 (de) | 2001-12-19 |
ATE232331T1 (de) | 2003-02-15 |
DE50001205D1 (de) | 2003-03-13 |
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