EP1626136B2 - Flooring system comprising floor panels with a short edge locking system - Google Patents
Flooring system comprising floor panels with a short edge locking system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1626136B2 EP1626136B2 EP05025406.9A EP05025406A EP1626136B2 EP 1626136 B2 EP1626136 B2 EP 1626136B2 EP 05025406 A EP05025406 A EP 05025406A EP 1626136 B2 EP1626136 B2 EP 1626136B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- locking
- panels
- strip
- panel
- groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/12—Flooring or floor layers made of masses in situ, e.g. seamless magnesite floors, terrazzo gypsum floors
- E04F15/14—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
- E04F2201/0115—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges with snap action of the edge connectors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
- E04F2201/042—Other details of tongues or grooves with grooves positioned on the rear-side of the panel
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
- E04F2201/0517—U- or C-shaped brackets and clamps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/16—Two dimensionally sectional layer
- Y10T428/163—Next to unitary web or sheet of equal or greater extent
- Y10T428/164—Continuous two dimensionally sectional layer
- Y10T428/167—Cellulosic sections [e.g., parquet floor, etc.]
Definitions
- the joint is of the type where the adjacent joint edges together form a first mechanical connection locking the joint edges to each other in a first direction at right angles to the principal plane of the panels, and where a locking device forms a second mechanical connection locking the panels to each other in a second direction parallel to the principal plane and at right angles to the joint edges, the locking device comprising a locking groove which extends parallel to and spaced from the joint edge of one of the panels, and said locking groove being open at the rear side of this one panel.
- a 3-mm compact laminate panel having such a thickness tolerance would have, if ground to uniform thickness on its rear side, an unsymmetrical design, entailing the risk of bulging. Moreover, if the panels have different thicknesses, this also means that the joint will be subjected to excessive load.
- DE 12 12 275B discloses flexible floor panels, each panel having along its edges a groove having one open end and one closed end.
- the system according to the invention makes it possible to provide concealed, precise locking of both the short and long sides of the panels in hard, thin floors.
- the floor panels can be quickly and conveniently disassembled in the reverse order of laying without any risk of damage to the panels, ensuring at the same time a high laying quality.
- the panels can be assembled and disassembled much faster than in present-day systems, and any damaged or worn-out panels can be replaced by taking up and re-laying parts of the floor.
- the floor panels can be provided with an underlay of e.g. floor board, foam or felt.
- the underlay should preferably cover the strip such that the joint between the underlays is offset in relation to the joint between the floor panels.
- a mechanical connection between the strip 6 and the strip panel 1 can be provided as illustrated in Fig. 7 showing in section a cut-away part of the strip panel 1 turned upside down.
- the mechanical connection comprises a dovetail recess 58 in the underside 18 of the strip panel 1, as well as tongues/lips 60 punched and bent from the strip 6 and clamping against opposing inner sides of the recess 58.
- Figs 3a-3b show another joining method for mechanically joining together the floor panels of Figs 2a-c .
- the method illustrated in Figs 3a-c relies on the fact that the strip 6 is resilient and is especially useful for joining together the short sides of floor panels which have already been joined along one long side as illustrated in Figs 2a-c .
- the method of Figs 3a-c is performed by first placing the two panels 1 and 2 flat on the subfloor 12 and then moving them horizontally towards each other according to Fig. 3b .
- the inclined portion 36 of the locking element 8 then serves as a guide surface which guides the joint edge 4 of the groove panel 2 up on to the upper side 22 of the strip 6.
- the strip 6 will then be urged downwards while the locking element 8 is sliding on the equalising surface 42.
- the strip panel can be inserted under the groove panel, thus enabling the laying of panels in all four directions with respect to the initial position.
Abstract
Description
- The invention generally relates to a flooring system comprising a pair of floor panels with a locking system for providing a joint along adjacent joint edges of said floor panels.
- More specifically, the joint is of the type where the adjacent joint edges together form a first mechanical connection locking the joint edges to each other in a first direction at right angles to the principal plane of the panels, and where a locking device forms a second mechanical connection locking the panels to each other in a second direction parallel to the principal plane and at right angles to the joint edges, the locking device comprising a locking groove which extends parallel to and spaced from the joint edge of one of the panels, and said locking groove being open at the rear side of this one panel.
- The invention is especially well suited for use in joining floor panels, especially thin laminated floors. Thus, the following description of the prior art and of the objects and features of the invention will be focused on this field of use. It should however be emphasised that the invention is useful also for joining ordinary wooden floors as well as other types of building panels, such as wall panels and roof slabs.
- A joint of the aforementioned type is known e.g. from
SE 450,141 - Thin floor panels of a thickness of about 7-10 mm, especially laminated floors, have in a short time taken a substantial share of the market. All thin floor panels employed are laid as "floating floors" without being attached to the supporting structure. As a rule, the dimension of the floor panels is 200 x 1200 mm, and their long and short sides are formed with tongues and grooves. Traditionally, the floor is assembled by applying glue in the groove and forcing the floor panels together. The tongue is then glued in the groove of the other panel. As a rule, a laminated floor consists of an upper decorative wear layer of laminate having a thickness of about 1 mm, an intermediate core of particle board or other board, and a base layer to balance the construction. The core has essentially poorer properties than the laminate, e.g. in respect of hardness and water resistance, but it is nonetheless needed primarily for providing a groove and tongue for assemblage. This means that the overall thickness must be at least about 7 mm. These known laminated floors using glued tongue-and-groove joints however suffer from several inconveniences.
- First, the requirement of an overall thickness of at least about 7 mm entails an undesirable restraint in connection with the laying of the floor, since it is easier to cope with low thresholds when using thin floor panels, and doors must often be adjusted in height to come clear of the floor laid. Moreover, manufacturing costs are directly linked with the consumption of material.
- Second, the core must be made of moisture-absorbent material to permit using water-based glues when laying the floor. Therefore, it is not possible to make the floors thinner using so-called compact laminate, because of the absence of suitable gluing methods for such non-moisture-absorbent core materials.
- Third, since the laminate layer of the laminated floors is highly wear-resistant, tool wear is a major problem when working the surface in connection with the formation of the tongue.
- Fourth, the strength of the joint, based on a glued tongue-and-groove connection, is restricted by the properties of the core and of the glue as well as by the depth and height of the groove. The laying quality is entirely dependent on the gluing. In the event of poor gluing, the joint will open as a result of the tensile stresses which occur e.g. in connection with a change in air humidity.
- Fifth, laying a floor with glued tongue-and-groove joints is time-consuming, in that glue must be applied to every panel on both the long and short sides thereof.
- Sixth, it is not possible to disassemble a glued floor once laid, without having to break up the joints. Floor panels that have been taken up cannot therefore be used again. This is a drawback particularly in rental houses where the flat concerned must be put back into the initial state of occupancy. Nor can damaged or worn-out panels be replaced without extensive efforts, which would be particularly desirable on public premises and other areas where parts of the floor are subjected to great wear.
- Seventh, known laminated floors are not suited for such use as involves a considerable risk of moisture penetrating down into the moisture-sensitive core.
- Eighth, present-day hard, floating floors require, prior to laying the floor panels on hard subfloors, the laying of a separate underlay of floor board, felt, foam or the like, which is to damp impact sounds and to make the floor more pleasant to walk on. The placement of the underlay is a complicated operation, since the underlay must be placed in edge-to-edge fashion. Different underlays affect the properties of the floor.
- There is thus a strongly-felt need to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art. It is however not possible simply to use the known joining technique with glued tongues and grooves for very thin floors, e.g. with floor thicknesses of about 3 mm, since a joint based on a tongue-and-groove connection would not be sufficiently strong and practically impossible to produce for such thin floors. Nor are any other known joining techniques usable for such thin floors. Another reason why the making of thin floors from e.g. compact laminate involves problems is the thickness tolerances of the panels, being about 0.2-0.3 mm for a panel thickness of about 3 mm. A 3-mm compact laminate panel having such a thickness tolerance would have, if ground to uniform thickness on its rear side, an unsymmetrical design, entailing the risk of bulging. Moreover, if the panels have different thicknesses, this also means that the joint will be subjected to excessive load.
- Nor is it possible to overcome the above-mentioned problems by using double-adhesive tape or the like on the undersides of the panels, since such a connection catches directly and does not allow for subsequent adjustment of the panels as is the case with ordinary gluing.
- Using U-shaped clips of the type disclosed in the above-mentioned
SE 450,141 - Subsequent adjustment of the panels in their longitudinal direction is a complicated operation in connection with laying, since the clips urge the panels tightly against each other.
- Floor laying using clips is time-consuming.
- This technique is usable only in those cases where the floor panels are resting on underlying joists with the clips placed therebetween. For thin floors to be laid on a continuous, flat supporting structure, such clips cannot be used.
- The floor panels can be joined together only at their long sides. No clip connection is provided on the short sides.
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DE 12 12 275B discloses flexible floor panels, each panel having along its edges a groove having one open end and one closed end. -
US 4 426 820 discloses panel interconnectable with like panels. The panel has first locking member extending from the lower surface of the panel at one edge and groove extending inwards from the end thereof and towards the one edge and terminating below the upper surface. A second locking member extending from the upper surface of the panel at the other edge has a projection configured to engage in the groove to mate with the first locking member. -
GB 256 023 -
WO 84/02155 - A main object of the invention therefore is to provide a flooring system with floor panels with a locking system for hard, floating floors, which allows using floor panels of a smaller overall thickness than present-day floor panels.
- A particular object of the invention is to provide a panel-joining system which
- makes it possible in a simple, cheap and rational way to provide a joint between floor panels without requiring the use of glue, especially a joint based primarily only on mechanical connections between the panels;
- can be used for joining floor panels which have a smaller thickness than present-day laminated floors and which have, because of the use of a different core material, superior properties than present-day floors even at a thickness of 3 mm;
- makes it possible between thin floor panels to provide a joint that eliminates any unevennesses in the joint because of thickness tolerances of the panels;
- allows joining all the edges of the panels;
- reduces tool wear when manufacturing floor panels with hard surface layers;
- allows repeated disassembly and reassembly of a floor previously laid, without causing damage to the panels, while ensuring high laying quality;
- makes it possible to provide moisture-proof floors;
- makes it possible to obviate the need of accurate, separate placement of an underlay before laying the floor panels; and
- considerably cuts the time for joining the panels.
- These and other objects of the invention are achieved by means of a flooring system having the features recited in the appended claim.
- Thus, the invention provides a flooring system with the features of the claim.
- The term "rear side" as used above should be considered to comprise any side of the panel located behind / underneath the front side of the panel. The opening plane of the locking groove of the groove panel can thus be located at a distance from the rear surface of the panel resting on the supporting structure. Moreover, the strip, which in the invention extends throughout substantially the entire length of the joint edge of the strip panel, should be considered to encompass both the case where the strip is a continuous, uninterrupted element, and the case where the "strip" consists in its longitudinal direction of several parts, together covering the main portion of the joint edge.
- It should also be noted (i) that it is the first and the second mechanical connection as such that permit mutual displacement of the panels in the direction of the joint edges, and that (ii) it is the second mechanical connection as such that permits the locking element to leave the locking groove if the groove panel is turned about its joint edge angularly away from the strip. Within the scope of the invention, there may thus exist means, such as glue and mechanical devices, that can counteract or prevent such displacement and/or upward angling.
- The system according to the invention makes it possible to provide concealed, precise locking of both the short and long sides of the panels in hard, thin floors. The floor panels can be quickly and conveniently disassembled in the reverse order of laying without any risk of damage to the panels, ensuring at the same time a high laying quality. The panels can be assembled and disassembled much faster than in present-day systems, and any damaged or worn-out panels can be replaced by taking up and re-laying parts of the floor.
- A system is provided which permits precise joining of thin floor panels having, for example, a thickness of the order of 3 mm and which at the same time provides a tolerance-independent smooth top face at the joint. To this end, the strip is mounted in an equalising groove which is countersunk in the rear side of the strip panel and which exhibits an exact, predetermined distance from its bottom to the front side of the strip panel. The part of the strip projecting behind the groove panel engages a corresponding equalising groove, which is countersunk in the rear side of the groove panel and which exhibits the same exact, predetermined distance from its bottom to the front side of the groove panel. The thickness of the strip then is at least so great that the rear side of the strip is flush with, and preferably projects slightly below the rear side of the panels. In this embodiment, the panels will always rest, in the joint, with their equalising grooves on a strip. This levels out the tolerance and imparts the necessary strength to the joint. The strip transmits horizontal and upwardly-directed forces to the panels and downwardly-directed forces to the existing subfloor.
- Preferably, the strip may consist of a material which is flexible, resilient and strong, and can be sawn. A preferred strip material is sheet aluminium. In an aluminium strip, sufficient strength can be achieved with a strip thickness of the order of 0.5 mm.
- In order to permit taking up previously laid, joined floor panels in a simple way, one embodiment is characterised in that when the groove panel is pressed against the strip panel in the second direction and is turned angularly away from the strip, the maximum distance between the axis of rotation of the groove panel and the locking surface of the locking groove closest to the joint edges is such that the locking element can leave the locking groove without contacting the locking surface of the locking groove. Such a disassembly can be achieved even if the aforementioned play between the locking groove and the locking surface is not greater than 0.2 mm.
- The locking surface of the locking element is able to provide a sufficient locking function even with very small heights of the locking surface. Efficient locking of 3-mm floor panels can be achieved with a locking surface that is as low as 2 mm. Even a 0.5-mm-high locking surface may provide sufficient locking. The term "locking surface" as used herein relates to the part of the locking element engaging the locking groove to form the second mechanical connection.
- For optimal function, the strip and the locking element should be formed on the strip panel with high precision. Especially, the locking surface of the locking element should be located at an exact distance from the joint edge of the strip panel.
- Furthermore, the extent of the engagement in the floor panels should be minimised, since it reduces the floor strength.
- By known manufacturing methods, it is possible to produce a strip with a locking pin, for example by extruding aluminium or plastics into a suitable section, which is thereafter glued to the floor panel or is inserted in special grooves. These and all other traditional methods do however not ensure optimum function and an optimum level of economy. To produce the joint system, the strip is suitably formed from sheet aluminium, and is mechanically fixed to the strip panel.
- The laying of the panels can be performed by first placing the strip panel on the subfloor and then moving the groove panel with its long side up to the long side of the strip panel, at an angle between the principal plane of the groove panel and the subfloor. When the joint edges have been brought into engagement with each other to form the first mechanical connection, the groove panel is angled down so as to accommodate the locking element in the locking groove.
- Laying can also be performed by first placing both the strip panel and the groove panel flat on the subfloor and then joining the panels parallel to their principal planes while bending the strip downwards until the locking element snaps up into the locking groove. This laying technique enables in particular mechanical locking of both the short and long sides of the floor panels. For example, the long sides can be joined together by using the first laying technique with downward angling of the groove panel, while the short sides are subsequently joined together by displacing the groove panel in its longitudinal direction until its short side is pressed on and locked to the short side of an adjacent panel in the same row.
- In connection with their manufacture, the floor panels can be provided with an underlay of e.g. floor board, foam or felt. The underlay should preferably cover the strip such that the joint between the underlays is offset in relation to the joint between the floor panels.
- The above and other features and advantages of the invention will appear from the appended claims and the following description of embodiments of the invention.
- The invention will now be described in more detail hereinbelow with reference to the accompanying drawing Figures.
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Figs 1a and 1b schematically show in two stages how two floor panels of different thickness are joined together in floating fashion according to a first embodiment of the invention. -
Figs 2a-c show in three stages a method for mechanically joining two floor panels according to a second embodiment of the invention. -
Figs 3a-c show in three stages another method for mechanically joining the floor panels ofFigs 2a-c . -
Figs 4a and 4b show a floor panel according toFigs 2a-c as seen from below and from above, respectively. -
Fig. 5 illustrates in perspective a method for laying and joining floor panels not according to the invention. -
Fig. 6 shows in perspective and from below a first variant for mounting a strip on a floor panel. -
Fig. 7 shows in section a second variant for mounting a strip on a floor panel. -
Figs 1a and 1b , to which reference is now made, illustrate afirst floor panel 1, hereinafter termed strip panel, and asecond floor panel 2, hereinafter termed groove panel. The terms "strip panel" and "groove panel" are merely intended to facilitate the description of the invention, thepanels panels panels Fig. 1b ), thestrip panel 1 having a maximum thickness (3.2 mm) and thegroove panel 2 having a minimum thickness (2.8 mm). - To enable mechanical joining of the
panels - Reference is now made primarily to
Figs 1a and 1b , and secondly toFigs 4a and 4b showing the basic design of the floor panels from below and from above, respectively. - From the
joint edge 3 of thestrip panel 1, i.e. the one long side, projects horizontally aflat strip 6 mounted at the factory on the underside of thestrip panel 1 and extending throughout the entirejoint edge 3. Thestrip 6, which is made of flexible, resilient sheet aluminium, can be fixed mechanically, by means of glue or in any other suitable way. InFigs 1a and 1b , thestrip 6 is glued, while inFigs 4a and 4b it is mounted by means of a mechanical connection, which will be described in more detail hereinbelow. - Other strip materials can be used, such as sheets of other metals, as well as aluminium or plastics sections. Alternatively, the
strip 6 may be integrally formed with thestrip panel 1. At any rate, thestrip 6 should be integrated with thestrip panel 1, i.e. it should not be mounted on thestrip panel 1 in connection with laying. As a non-restrictive example, thestrip 6 may have a width of about 30 mm and a thickness of about 0.5 mm. - As appears from
Figs 4a and 4b , a similar, althoughshorter strip 6' is provided also at one short side 3' of thestrip panel 1. Theshorter strip 6' does however not extend throughout the entire short side 3' but is otherwise identical with thestrip 6 and, therefore, is not described in more detail here. - The edge of the
strip 6 facing away from thejoint edge 3 is formed with alocking element 8 extended throughout theentire strip 6. The lockingelement 8 has a lockingsurface 10 facing thejoint edge 3 and having a height of e.g. 0.5 mm. The lockingelement 8 is so designed that when the floor is being laid and thestrip panel 2 ofFig. 1a is pressed with itsjoint edge 4 against thejoint edge 3 of thestrip panel 1 and is angled down against the subfloor 12 according toFig. 1b , it enters a lockinggroove 14 formed in theunderside 16 of thegroove panel 2 and extending parallel to and spaced from thejoint edge 4. InFig. 1b , the lockingelement 8 and the lockinggroove 14 together form a mechanical connection locking thepanels surface 10 of thelocking element 8 serves as a stop with respect to the surface of the lockinggroove 14 closest to thejoint edge 4. - When the
panels surface 10 and the lockinggroove 14. This mechanical connection in the direction D2 allows mutual displacement of thepanels - As appears from
Figs 4a and 4b , each panel in the system has astrip 6 at onelong side 3 and a lockinggroove 14 at the otherlong side 4, as well as astrip 6' at one short side 3' and a locking groove 14' at the other short side 4'. - Furthermore, the
joint edge 3 of thestrip panel 1 has in its underside 18 arecess 20 extending throughout the entirejoint edge 3 and forming together with theupper face 22 of the strip 6 a laterallyopen recess 24. Thejoint edge 4 of thegroove panel 2 has in its top side 26 acorresponding recess 28 forming a lockingtongue 30 to be accommodated in therecess 24 so as to form a mechanical connection locking thejoint edges joint edges joint edge 4 of thegroove panel 2 passes obliquely in underneath thejoint edge 3 of thestrip panel 1 to be locked between that edge and thestrip 6. - The
panels - The
strip 6 is mounted in a tolerance-equalisinggroove 40 in theunderside 18 of thestrip panel 1 adjacent thejoint edge 3. In this embodiment, the width of the equalisinggroove 40 is approximately equal to half the width of thestrip 6, i.e. about 15 mm. By means of the equalisinggroove 40, it is ensured that there will always exist between thetop side 21 of thepanel 1 and the bottom of thegroove 40 an exact, predetermined distance E which is slightly smaller than the minimum thickness (2.8 mm) of thefloor panels groove panel 2 has a corresponding tolerance-equalising surface orgroove 42 in theunderside 16 of thejoint edge 4. The distance between the equalisingsurface 42 and thetop side 26 of thegroove panel 2 is equal to the aforementioned exact distance E. Further, the thickness of thestrip 6 is so chosen that theunderside 44 of the strip is situated slightly below theundersides floor panels strip 6, and all vertical downwardly-directed forces will be efficiently transmitted to the subfloor 12 without any stresses being exerted on thejoint edges grooves panels - Reference is now made to the embodiment of
Figs 2a-c showing in a succession substantially the same laying method as inFigs 1a and 1b . The embodiment ofFigs 2a-c primarily differs from the embodiment ofFigs 1a and 1b in that thestrip 6 is mounted on thestrip panel 1 by means of a mechanical connection instead of glue. To provide this mechanical connection, illustrated in more detail inFig. 6 , agroove 50 is provided in theunderside 18 of thestrip panel 1 at a distance from therecess 24. Thegroove 50 may be formed either as a continuous groove extending throughout the entire length of thepanel 1, or as a number of separate grooves. Thegroove 50 defines, together with therecess 24, adovetail gripping edge 52, the underside of which exhibits an exact equalising distance E to thetop side 21 of thestrip panel 1. Thealuminium strip 6 has a number of punched andbent tongues 54, as well as one ormore lips 56 which are bent round opposite sides of thegripping edge 52 in clamping engagement therewith. This connection is shown in detail from below in the perspective view ofFig. 6 . - Alternatively, a mechanical connection between the
strip 6 and thestrip panel 1 can be provided as illustrated inFig. 7 showing in section a cut-away part of thestrip panel 1 turned upside down. InFig. 7 , the mechanical connection comprises adovetail recess 58 in theunderside 18 of thestrip panel 1, as well as tongues/lips 60 punched and bent from thestrip 6 and clamping against opposing inner sides of therecess 58. - The embodiment of
Figs 2a-c is further characterised in that the lockingelement 8 of thestrip 6 is designed as a component bent from the aluminium sheet and having anoperative locking surface 10 extending at right angles up from thefront side 22 of thestrip 6 through a height of e.g. 0.5 mm, and arounded guide surface 34 facilitating the insertion of thelocking element 8 into the lockinggroove 14 when angling down thegroove panel 2 towards the subfloor 12 (Fig. 2b ), as well as aportion 36 which is inclined towards the subfloor 12 and which is not operative in the laying method illustrated inFigs 2a-c . - Further, it can be seen from
Figs 2a-c that thejoint edge 3 of thestrip panel 1 has alower bevel 70 which cooperates during laying with a correspondingupper bevel 72 of thejoint edge 4 of thegroove panel 2, such that thepanels joint edges - Preferably, the locking
surface 10 is so located relative to thejoint edge 3 that when thegroove panel 2, starting from the joined position inFig. 2c , is pressed horizontally in the direction D2 against thestrip panel 1 and is turned angularly up from thestrip 6, the maximum distance between the axis of rotation A of thegroove panel 2 and the lockingsurface 10 of the locking groove is such that the lockingelement 8 can leave the lockinggroove 14 without coming into contact with it. -
Figs 3a-3b show another joining method for mechanically joining together the floor panels ofFigs 2a-c . The method illustrated inFigs 3a-c relies on the fact that thestrip 6 is resilient and is especially useful for joining together the short sides of floor panels which have already been joined along one long side as illustrated inFigs 2a-c . The method ofFigs 3a-c is performed by first placing the twopanels Fig. 3b . Theinclined portion 36 of thelocking element 8 then serves as a guide surface which guides thejoint edge 4 of thegroove panel 2 up on to theupper side 22 of thestrip 6. Thestrip 6 will then be urged downwards while thelocking element 8 is sliding on the equalisingsurface 42. When thejoint edges element 8 will snap into the locking groove 14 (Fig. 3c ), thereby providing the same locking as inFig. 2c . The same locking method can also be used by placing, in the initial position, thejoint edge 4 of the groove panel with the equalisinggroove 42 on the locking element 10 (Fig. 3a ). Theinclined portion 36 of the lockingelement 10 then is not operative. This technique thus makes it possible to lock the floor panels mechanically in all directions, and by repeating the laying operations the whole floor can be laid without using any glue. - The invention is not restricted to the preferred embodiments described above and illustrated in the drawings, but several variants and modifications thereof are conceivable within the scope of the appended claims. The
strip 6 can be divided into small sections covering the major part of the joint length. Further, the thickness of thestrip 6 may vary throughout its width. All strips, locking grooves, locking elements and recesses are so dimensioned as to enable laying the floor panels with flat top sides in a manner to rest on thestrip 6 in the joint. If the floor panels consist of compact laminate and if silicone or any other sealing compound, a rubber strip or any other sealing device is applied prior to laying between the flat projecting part of thestrip 6 and thegroove panel 2 and/or in therecess 26, a moisture-proof floor is obtained. - As appears from
Fig. 6 , anunderlay 46, e.g. of floor board, foam or felt, can be mounted on the underside of the panels during the manufacture thereof. In one embodiment, theunderlay 46 covers thestrip 6 up to thelocking element 8, such that the joint between theunderlays 46 becomes offset in relation to the joint between thejoint edges - In the embodiment of
Fig. 5 , thestrip 6 and itslocking element 8 are integrally formed with thestrip panel 1, the projecting part of thestrip 6 thus forming an extension of the lower part of thejoint edge 3. The locking function is the same as in the embodiments described above. On theunderside 18 of thestrip panel 1, there is provided a separate strip, band or the like 74 extending throughout the entire length of the joint and having, in this embodiment, a width covering approximately the same surface as theseparate strip 6 of the previous embodiments. Thestrip 74 can be provided directly on therear side 18 or in a recess formed therein (not shown), so that the distance from thefront side rear side 76, including the thickness of thestrip 74, always is at least equal to the corresponding distance in the panel having the greatest thickness tolerance. Thepanels strip 74 or only on theundersides - When using a material which does not permit downward bending of the
strip 6 or thelocking element 8, laying can be performed in the way shown inFig. 5 . Afloor panel 2a is moved angled upwardly with itslong side 4a into engagement with thelong side 3 of a previously laidfloor panel 1 while at the same time athird floor panel 2b is moved with itsshort side 4b' into engagement with theshort side 3a' of the upwardly-angledfloor panel 2a and is fastened by angling thepanel 2b downwards. Thepanel 2b is then pushed along theshort side 3a' of the upwardly-angledfloor panel 2a until itslong side 4b encounters thelong side 3 of the initially-laidpanel 1. The two upwardly-angled panels - By a reverse procedure the panels can be taken up in the reverse order of laying without causing any damage to the joint, and be laid again.
- Several variants of preferred laying methods are conceivable. For example, the strip panel can be inserted under the groove panel, thus enabling the laying of panels in all four directions with respect to the initial position.
Claims (1)
- A flooring system comprising a pair of floor panels (1, 2) with a locking system for mechanical and releasably locking together adjacent short edges of said panels (1, 2) when said adjacent panels are in a state of assembly where they are laying flat on a subfloor (12) with upper corner portions of said adjacent short edges being mutually spaced apart, said mechanical locking system comprising:a first mechanical connection (24, 30), formed by said adjacent short edges, for locking said adjacent short edges to each other In a vertical direction (D1) at right angle angles to a principal plane of the panels, anda second mechanical connection (6, 8, 14) for locking said adjacent short edges to each other in a horizontal direction (D2) parallel to the principal plane and at right angles to said short edges, including:wherein said second mechanical connection (6, 8, 14) is so conceived as to operate as a snap lock in said horizontal direction (D2) during the assembly of said flooring system by displacing said adjacent short edges horizontally towards each other, while resiliently urging the flexible locking strip (6) downwards, until upper corner portions of said adjacent short edges have been brought into complete engagement with each other horizontally and the locking element (8) thereby snaps into the locking groove (14) for locking the short edges to each other, and(i) a locking groove (14) formed In the underside of one panel termed groove panel (2) and extending parallel to and spaced from an short edge of said one panel of said adjacent panels (1, 2) and being open at the rear side of said one panel (2), and(ii) a flexible and resilient locking strip (6) integrated with the other panel (1) termed strip panel (1) of said adjacent panels (1, 2), said strip (6) extending throughout substantially the entire length of the corresponding short edge and being provided with a locking element (8) projecting from the locking strip (6), such that when the panels are joined together, the strip (6) projects on the rear side of the groove panel (2) with its locking element (8) received in the locking groove (14) of the groove panel (2) that the panels, when joined together, can occupy a relative position in said second direction (D2) where a play (Δ) exists between the locking groove (14) and a locking surface (10) on the locking element (8) that is facing the joined edges and is operative in said second mechanical connection, that the first and the second mechanical connection both allow mutual displacement of the panels (1, 2) in the direction of the joined edges (3, 4), and
characterized In that
said first (24, 30) and second (6, 8, 14) mechanical connections are so conceived as to allow said adjacent panels (1, 2), being mechanically connected to each other by said first and second mechanical connections, to be turned in relation to each other about said upper corner portions of their locked-together short edges in an angular direction so as to move the locking element (8) out of the locking groove (14) In order to unlock the snap lock.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20090180461 EP2166177A3 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Flooring system comprising floor panels with a mechanical locking system for joining by downward angling |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9301595A SE501014C2 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1993-05-10 | Grout for thin liquid hard floors |
EP94915725A EP0698162B2 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | System for joining floor panels |
EP02019293A EP1260654B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Laminate floor with underlay |
EP98201555A EP0877130B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | A flooring system comprising a plurality of floor panels which are mechanically connected to each other |
EP99202903A EP0969163B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Wood or laminate flooring system comprising a plurality of floor panels |
Related Parent Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94915725A Division EP0698162B2 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | System for joining floor panels |
EP98201555A Division EP0877130B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | A flooring system comprising a plurality of floor panels which are mechanically connected to each other |
EP99202903A Division EP0969163B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Wood or laminate flooring system comprising a plurality of floor panels |
EP02019293A Division EP1260654B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Laminate floor with underlay |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20090180461 Division-Into EP2166177A3 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Flooring system comprising floor panels with a mechanical locking system for joining by downward angling |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1626136A2 EP1626136A2 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
EP1626136A3 EP1626136A3 (en) | 2008-04-23 |
EP1626136B1 EP1626136B1 (en) | 2010-01-06 |
EP1626136B2 true EP1626136B2 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
Family
ID=20389880
Family Applications (11)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94915725A Expired - Lifetime EP0698162B2 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | System for joining floor panels |
EP99203328A Revoked EP0969164B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | A method for laying and mechanically joining floor panels and a method for producing a floor |
EP05025406.9A Expired - Lifetime EP1626136B2 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Flooring system comprising floor panels with a short edge locking system |
EP98201555A Expired - Lifetime EP0877130B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | A flooring system comprising a plurality of floor panels which are mechanically connected to each other |
EP02019293A Expired - Lifetime EP1260654B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Laminate floor with underlay |
EP02019294A Revoked EP1267013B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Laminate floor sealing |
EP20090180461 Ceased EP2166177A3 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Flooring system comprising floor panels with a mechanical locking system for joining by downward angling |
EP00121750A Expired - Lifetime EP1061201B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | A building panel with a locking strip mechanically connected to the rear side of the panel |
EP99202903A Expired - Lifetime EP0969163B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Wood or laminate flooring system comprising a plurality of floor panels |
EP98106535A Expired - Lifetime EP0855482B2 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | A method for laying and mechanically joining building panels |
EP02019280A Expired - Lifetime EP1260653B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Floating laminate floor board |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94915725A Expired - Lifetime EP0698162B2 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | System for joining floor panels |
EP99203328A Revoked EP0969164B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | A method for laying and mechanically joining floor panels and a method for producing a floor |
Family Applications After (8)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98201555A Expired - Lifetime EP0877130B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | A flooring system comprising a plurality of floor panels which are mechanically connected to each other |
EP02019293A Expired - Lifetime EP1260654B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Laminate floor with underlay |
EP02019294A Revoked EP1267013B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Laminate floor sealing |
EP20090180461 Ceased EP2166177A3 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Flooring system comprising floor panels with a mechanical locking system for joining by downward angling |
EP00121750A Expired - Lifetime EP1061201B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | A building panel with a locking strip mechanically connected to the rear side of the panel |
EP99202903A Expired - Lifetime EP0969163B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Wood or laminate flooring system comprising a plurality of floor panels |
EP98106535A Expired - Lifetime EP0855482B2 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | A method for laying and mechanically joining building panels |
EP02019280A Expired - Lifetime EP1260653B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-04-29 | Floating laminate floor board |
Country Status (29)
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US (8) | USRE39439E1 (en) |
EP (11) | EP0698162B2 (en) |
JP (2) | JP3444889B2 (en) |
KR (2) | KR100387661B1 (en) |
CN (6) | CN1095912C (en) |
AT (10) | ATE310868T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU671919B2 (en) |
BG (1) | BG61457B1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9406718A (en) |
CA (5) | CA2339342C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ291953B6 (en) |
DE (11) | DE69435263D1 (en) |
DK (9) | DK1260653T3 (en) |
ES (10) | ES2251550T3 (en) |
FI (4) | FI113486B (en) |
GR (2) | GR3032335T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HU214470B (en) |
LV (1) | LV11491B (en) |
NO (4) | NO305614B1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ266232A (en) |
PL (1) | PL311568A1 (en) |
PT (5) | PT969163E (en) |
RO (1) | RO115185B1 (en) |
RU (2) | RU2123094C1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE501014C2 (en) |
SG (1) | SG47518A1 (en) |
SK (1) | SK285379B6 (en) |
UA (1) | UA39883C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1994026999A1 (en) |
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-
1994
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- 1994-04-29 CA CA002339342A patent/CA2339342C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-29 SG SG1996002625A patent/SG47518A1/en unknown
- 1994-04-29 US US09/343,696 patent/USRE39439E1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-29 DE DE69434539T patent/DE69434539T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-29 PT PT99202903T patent/PT969163E/en unknown
- 1994-04-29 EP EP94915725A patent/EP0698162B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-29 US US08/436,224 patent/US5706621A/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-04-29 DE DE69421945T patent/DE69421945T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-29 DE DE69434559T patent/DE69434559T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-29 AU AU67630/94A patent/AU671919B2/en not_active Expired
- 1994-04-29 KR KR1019950704995A patent/KR100387661B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-29 EP EP99203328A patent/EP0969164B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1994-04-29 WO PCT/SE1994/000386 patent/WO1994026999A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-04-29 PT PT05025406T patent/PT1626136E/en unknown
- 1994-04-29 DE DE69422838T patent/DE69422838T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-29 DE DE69433415T patent/DE69433415T2/en not_active Revoked
- 1994-04-29 ES ES02019293T patent/ES2251550T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-29 DE DE69434534T patent/DE69434534T2/en not_active Revoked
- 1994-04-29 AT AT02019293T patent/ATE310868T1/en active
- 1994-04-29 DK DK02019280T patent/DK1260653T3/en active
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- 1994-04-29 ES ES94915725T patent/ES2122280T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE2940945A1 (en) † | 1979-10-09 | 1981-04-30 | Terbrack Kunststoff GmbH & Co KG, 4426 Vreden | Plastics panel for playground or skittle alley - has multiple cross-wise profiled edges for cruciform joints at cut=outs |
DE3343601A1 (en) † | 1983-12-02 | 1985-06-13 | Bütec Gesellschaft für bühnentechnische Einrichtungen mbH, 4010 Hilden | Joining arrangement for rectangular boards |
JPH03169967A (en) † | 1989-11-27 | 1991-07-23 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Set-laying floor material |
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