EP1777688A1 - Systems for controlling pixels - Google Patents
Systems for controlling pixels Download PDFInfo
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- EP1777688A1 EP1777688A1 EP05109818A EP05109818A EP1777688A1 EP 1777688 A1 EP1777688 A1 EP 1777688A1 EP 05109818 A EP05109818 A EP 05109818A EP 05109818 A EP05109818 A EP 05109818A EP 1777688 A1 EP1777688 A1 EP 1777688A1
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- logic level
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229920001621 AMOLED Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3266—Details of drivers for scan electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
- G09G2300/0861—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor with additional control of the display period without amending the charge stored in a pixel memory, e.g. by means of additional select electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
- G09G3/3291—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data voltage for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
Definitions
- the disclosure relates to display devices.
- Electroluminescence (EL) display devices include organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays and polymeric light emitting diode (PLED) displays.
- OLED organic light emitting diode
- PLED polymeric light emitting diode
- an OLED can be an active matrix type or a positive matrix type.
- An active matrix OLED (AM-OLED) display typically is thin and exhibits lightweight characteristics, spontaneous luminescence with high luminance efficiency and low driving voltage. Additionally, an AM-OLED display provides the perceived advantages of increased viewing angle, high contrast, high-response speed, full color and flexibility.
- each of the matrix-array pixel areas of an AM-OLED display includes at least one thin film transistor (TFT), serving as a driving TFT, to modulate the driving current.
- TFT thin film transistor
- Driving current is modulated based on the variation of capacitor storage potential to control the brightness and gray level of the pixel areas.
- the gray level is selected by using a voltage divider comprising resistors.
- Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a conventional voltage divider.
- the voltage divider 10 comprises resistors serially connected between a high voltage source (Vcc) and a low voltage source (Gnd). Each point between two resistors has a corresponding voltage indicating a particular gray level.
- a point 110 of voltage divider 10 can provide a maximum gray level indicating a maximum brightness of the AM-OLED. Since a voltage divider only provides one maximum gray level, if a user desires to adjust the maximum brightness of the AM-OLED higher, the AM-OLED requires several voltage dividers.
- Fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of another conventional voltage divider.
- a voltage between two resistors can be adjusted according to the resistance of two resistors.
- a first maximum gray level provided by voltage divider 10 is 100nits
- a second maximum gray level provided by voltage divider 12 is 150nits
- a third maximum gray level provided by voltage divider 14 is 200nits. Therefore, the brightness of the AM-OLED can be adjusted by providing different maximum gray levels; however, the cost and volume of the AM-OLED are increased.
- An exemplary embodiment of such a system comprises a scan driver comprising: a first shift-register unit operative to output a first shift signal according to a first start signal; a second shift-register unit operative to output a second shift signal according to the first shift signal for lighting the first pixel; a third shift-register unit operative to output a third shift signal according to the second shift signal; and a first processor operative to control the first pixel to receive the first data signal according to the first, the second, and the third shift signals.
- a duty cycle of the first start signal determines a light-emitting duration of the first pixel.
- Another embodiment of a system for controlling a pixel comprises: a data signal line operative to provide data to the pixel; and a scan driver operative to control illumination of the pixel during sequential time periods such that, if data provided by the data signal line is different between a first time period and a second time period, brightness of the pixel differs during a third time period and a sequential fourth time period. The pixel is illuminated during the third time period and the fourth time period.
- the display device comprises a display panel comprising a first pixel; an EL driver operative to output a start signal; a data driver operative to output a first data signal to the first pixel; and a scan driver operative to output a first scan signal and a second scan signal to the first pixel.
- the first pixel is operative to receive the first data signal according to the first scan signal and the first pixel is illuminated according to the second scan signal.
- the scan driver comprises: a first shift-register unit operative to output a first shift signal according to the first start signal; a second shift-register unit operative to output a second shift signal according to the first shift signal for lighting the first pixel; a third shift-register unit operative to output a third shift signal according to the second shift signal; and a first processor operative to control the first pixel to receive the first data signal according to the first, the second, and the third shift signals.
- a duty cycle of the first start signal establishes a light-emitting duration of the first pixel.
- FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system for controlling pixels that is implemented as an electronic device.
- an electronic device can be provided in various configurations, such as a PDA, a display monitor, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, or a cellular phone.
- Electronic device 2 comprises a display device 20 and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 25.
- DAC 25 supplies power to display device 20.
- Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of display device 20.
- display device 20 comprises a display panel 21 comprising pixels P 11 ⁇ P mn , a data driver 22, a scan driver 23, and an electroluminescence (EL) driver 24, which can be implemented by an integrated circuit (IC).
- IC integrated circuit
- Data driver 22 provides data signals D 1 ⁇ D m to pixels P 11 ⁇ P mn.
- Scan driver 23 receives a start signal (STV) output from EL driver 24 and controls pixels P 11 ⁇ P mn by scan signals S 1 ⁇ S n and XS 1 ⁇ XS n .
- Pixels P 11 ⁇ P mn receive data signals D 1 ⁇ D m according to scan signals S 1 ⁇ S n and pixels P 11 ⁇ P mn are illuminated according to scan signals XS 1 ⁇ XS n .
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a scan driver. For clarity, only two pixels of the display are shown. The structures of the pixels shown in Fig. 3 are given as an example; however, in other embodiments, other configurations can be used.
- Scan driver 23 comprises a shift register circuit 33 and processors 34 ⁇ 37.
- Shift register circuit 33 comprises shift register units VSR 1 ⁇ VSR 4 . Each shift register unit outputs a shift signal according to a duty cycle of start signal STV.
- Processor 34 comprises logic units 341 and 342.
- a first input terminal of logic unit 341 is floating and a second input terminal of logic unit 341 receives shift signal SS 1 .
- a first input terminal of logic unit 342 is coupled to an output terminal of logic unit 341 and a second input terminal of logic unit 342 receives shift signal SS 2 . Since the first input terminal of logic unit 341 is floating, an output terminal of logic unit 342 does not control a pixel.
- Processor 35 comprises logic units 351 and 352.
- Logic unit 351 receives shift signals SS 1 and SS 2 .
- Logic unit 352 receives an output signal of logic unit 351 and shift signal SS 3 to generate scan signal SD 1 .
- Pixel 31 receives data signal DS according to scan signal SD 1 .
- Shift signal SS 2 also corresponds to scan signals XSD 1 .
- Pixel 31 is illuminated according to scan signal XSD 1 .
- Processor 36 comprises logic units 361 and 362.
- Logic unit 361 receives shift signals SS 2 and SS 3 .
- Logic unit 362 receives an output signal of logic unit 361 and shift signal SS 4 to generate scan signal SD 2 .
- Pixel 32 receives data signal DS according to scan signal SD 2 .
- Shift signal SS 3 corresponds to scan signals XSD 2 .
- Pixel 32 is illuminated according to scan signal XSD 2 .
- Processor 37 comprises logic units 371 and 372.
- Logic unit 371 receives shift signals SS 3 and SS 4 .
- a first input terminal of logic unit 372 receives an output signal of logic unit 371 and a second input terminal of logic unit 372 is floating. Since the second input terminal of logic unit 372 is floating, an output terminal of logic unit 372 does not control a pixel.
- logic units 341, 351, 361, and 371 are XOR gates and logic units 342, 352, 362, and 372 are AND gates.
- Fig. 4 is a timing diagram of the embodiment of the scan driver depicted in Fig. 3.
- shift register units VSR 1 ⁇ VSR 4 respectively, output shift signals SS 1 ⁇ SS 4 responsive to shift register unit VSR 1 receiving start signal STV.
- Pixel 31 receives data signal DS according to shift signals SS 1 ⁇ SS 3 received by processor 35. As shown in Fig. 4, a logic level of shift signal SS 1 is low and those of shift signals SS 2 and SS 3 are high such that a logic level of scan signal SD 1 is high in period P 1 .
- transistor 311 can be turned on.
- a data signal is transmitted to capacitor 312 through transistor 311 to charge capacitor 312.
- Transistor 313 is turned on for outputting driving current I 1 as a voltage of capacitor 312 reaches a first preset value. Since a logic level of scan signal XSD 1 is high, transistor 314 is turned on in period P 1 .
- Light-emitting element 315 is illuminated as driving current I 1 is transmitted to light-emitting element 315 by transistor 314.
- the logic level of scan signal XSD 1 is low such that light-emitting element 315 is extinguished. Since the logic level of scan signal SD 2 is high, capacitor 322 is charged such that driving current I 2 is provided by transistor 323. Light-emitting element 325 receives driving current I 2 and is illuminated as the logic level of scan signal SD 2 is high.
- the logic level of scan signal XSD 2 is low such that light-emitting element 325 is extinguished.
- the logic level of scan signal XSD 1 is high such that transistor 314 is turned on. Since the voltage of capacitor 312 maintains the first preset value, transistor 313 generates driving current I 1 , which is provided to light-emitting element 315 for illustrating that element.
- the voltage of capacitor 312 depends on the data signal DS received by transistor 311 in period P 1 .
- the voltage of capacitor 312 depends on the data signal DS received by transistor 311 in period P 5 .
- light-emitting element 315 is illuminated in periods P 4 and P 5 , if data signal DS in period P 1 is different than the data signal DS in period P 5 , the brightness of light-emitting element 315 in period P 4 differs from the brightness of light-emitting element 315 in period P 5 .
- the logic level of scan signal XSD 2 is high such that transistor 324 is turned on. Since the voltage of capacitor 322 can turn on transistor 323, light-emitting element 325 receives driving current I 2 and is illuminated.
- the voltage of capacitor 322 in period P 6 depends on the data signal DS received by transistor 321 in period P 2 .
- the voltage of capacitor 322 in period P 7 depends on the data signal DS received by transistor 321 in period P 7 .
- light-emitting element 325 is illuminated in periods P 6 and P 7 , if data signal DS in period P 2 is different than the data signal DS in period P 7 , the brightness of light-emitting element 325 in period P 6 is different from the brightness of light-emitting element 325 in period P 7 .
- the light-emitting state of light-emitting element 315 is luminous-dark-luminous in periods P 1 ⁇ P 4 . If transistor 314 is replaced by a PMOS transistor or the start signal cycle is inverted, the light-emitting state of light-emitting element 315 is changed to dark-luminous-dark in periods P 1 ⁇ P 4 .
- the light-emitting state of light-emitting element 315 is luminous-dark-luminous-dark-luminous as start signal STV has two cycles in period P 8 .
- Duration of each light-emitting state depends on the duty cycle of start signal STV. Assume a display panel requires 16.63ms to display an image and the light-emitting states of all light-emitting elements in the display panel are luminous-dark-luminous. Then, if the duration of the luminous state is 16.63ms, the brightness of the display panel is 100%, if the duration of the luminous state is 13.304ms, the brightness of the display panel is 80%. If the duration of the luminous state is 8.315ms, the brightness of the display panel is 50%.
- the light-emitting element 315 is illuminated during periods P 1 , P 4 , and P 5 according to scan signal XSD 1 . If the light-emitting duration (the duration of periods P 1 , P 4 , and P 5 ) of light-emitting element 315 is 13.304ms, the brightness of the display panel is 50%. Therefore, the duty cycle of start signal STV controls the light-emitting duration of light-emitting element and thus controls the brightness of the display panel. Because of this, a user can adjust the brightness of the display panel according to actual requirements for reducing power consumption.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a scan driver.
- Each of the logic units 342, 352, 362, and 372 further receives a vertical output enable signal ENBV.
- Each of the buffers 371 ⁇ 374 has an amplification function.
- Buffer 371 amplifies scan signal SD 1 for turning on transistor 311.
- Buffer 372 amplifies scan signal XSD 1 for turning on transistor 314.
- Buffer 373 amplifies scan signal SD 2 for turning on transistor 321.
- Buffer 374 amplifies scan signal XSD 1 for turning on transistor 321.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a scan driver. Each pixel comprises three sub-pixels for displaying red, green and blue, respectively. For clarity, Fig. 6 only shows a pixel comprising sub-pixels 61 ⁇ 63 respectively displaying red, green and blue.
- Each shift register unit VSR 1B ⁇ VSR 3B provides a shift signal as shift register unit VSR 1B receives start signal STV B .
- Processor 64 receives shift signals provided by shift register units VSR 1B ⁇ VSR 3B for generating scan signal SD 1 .
- Sub-pixels 61 ⁇ 63 respectively receive data signals DS R , DS G and DS B according to scan signal SD 1 .
- a shift signal provided by shift register unit VSR 2B is scan signal XSD 1B .
- Sub-pixel 63 is illuminated according to scan signal XSD 1B .
- shift register unit VSR 1R When shift register unit VSR 1R receives start signal STV R , a shift signal provided by shift register unit VSR 2R is used as scan signal XSD 1R . Sub-pixel 61 is illuminated according to scan signal XSD 1R .
- shift register unit VSR 1G receives start signal STV G , a shift signal provided by shift register unit VSR 2G is used as scan signal XSD 1G .
- Sub-pixels 62 is illuminated according to scan signal XSD 1G .
- the light-emitting duration of sub-pixels 61 ⁇ 63 are respectively controlled by duty cycles of start signals STV R , STV G and STV G .
- the light-emitting duration of the pixels of a display can be controlled by the duty cycle of start signal STV.
- the brightness of the display panel is brighter as the light-emitting duration of the pixels is longer, and vice versa. Therefore, a user can adjust the brightness of the display panel according to actual requirements.
Abstract
Description
- The disclosure relates to display devices.
- Electroluminescence (EL) display devices include organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays and polymeric light emitting diode (PLED) displays. In accordance with associated driving methods, an OLED can be an active matrix type or a positive matrix type. An active matrix OLED (AM-OLED) display typically is thin and exhibits lightweight characteristics, spontaneous luminescence with high luminance efficiency and low driving voltage. Additionally, an AM-OLED display provides the perceived advantages of increased viewing angle, high contrast, high-response speed, full color and flexibility.
- An AM-OLED display is driven by electric current. Specifically, each of the matrix-array pixel areas of an AM-OLED display includes at least one thin film transistor (TFT), serving as a driving TFT, to modulate the driving current. Driving current is modulated based on the variation of capacitor storage potential to control the brightness and gray level of the pixel areas.
- The gray level is selected by using a voltage divider comprising resistors. Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a conventional voltage divider. The
voltage divider 10 comprises resistors serially connected between a high voltage source (Vcc) and a low voltage source (Gnd). Each point between two resistors has a corresponding voltage indicating a particular gray level. - A
point 110 ofvoltage divider 10 can provide a maximum gray level indicating a maximum brightness of the AM-OLED. Since a voltage divider only provides one maximum gray level, if a user desires to adjust the maximum brightness of the AM-OLED higher, the AM-OLED requires several voltage dividers. - Fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of another conventional voltage divider. A voltage between two resistors can be adjusted according to the resistance of two resistors. In this case, a first maximum gray level provided by
voltage divider 10 is 100nits, a second maximum gray level provided byvoltage divider 12 is 150nits, and a third maximum gray level provided byvoltage divider 14 is 200nits. Therefore, the brightness of the AM-OLED can be adjusted by providing different maximum gray levels; however, the cost and volume of the AM-OLED are increased. - Systems for controlling pixels are provided. An exemplary embodiment of such a system comprises a scan driver comprising: a first shift-register unit operative to output a first shift signal according to a first start signal; a second shift-register unit operative to output a second shift signal according to the first shift signal for lighting the first pixel; a third shift-register unit operative to output a third shift signal according to the second shift signal; and a first processor operative to control the first pixel to receive the first data signal according to the first, the second, and the third shift signals. A duty cycle of the first start signal determines a light-emitting duration of the first pixel.
- Another embodiment of a system for controlling a pixel comprises: a data signal line operative to provide data to the pixel; and a scan driver operative to control illumination of the pixel during sequential time periods such that, if data provided by the data signal line is different between a first time period and a second time period, brightness of the pixel differs during a third time period and a sequential fourth time period. The pixel is illuminated during the third time period and the fourth time period.
- Another embodiment of a system for controlling a pixel comprises a display device. The display device comprises a display panel comprising a first pixel; an EL driver operative to output a start signal; a data driver operative to output a first data signal to the first pixel; and a scan driver operative to output a first scan signal and a second scan signal to the first pixel.
- The first pixel is operative to receive the first data signal according to the first scan signal and the first pixel is illuminated according to the second scan signal. The scan driver comprises: a first shift-register unit operative to output a first shift signal according to the first start signal; a second shift-register unit operative to output a second shift signal according to the first shift signal for lighting the first pixel; a third shift-register unit operative to output a third shift signal according to the second shift signal; and a first processor operative to control the first pixel to receive the first data signal according to the first, the second, and the third shift signals. A duty cycle of the first start signal establishes a light-emitting duration of the first pixel.
- The invention can be more fully understood by reading the subsequent detailed description and examples with reference made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
- Fig. 1a
- is a schematic diagram of a conventional voltage divider;
- Fig. 1b
- is a schematic diagram of another conventional voltage divider;
- Fig. 2a
- is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system for controlling pixels;
- Fig. 2b
- is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a display device used in the system of Fig. 2a;
- Fig. 3
- is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a scan driver;
- Fig. 4
- is a timing diagram of the scan driver of Fig. 3;
- Fig. 5
- is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a scan driver;
- Fig. 6
- is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a scan driver.
- Systems for controlling pixels are provided. As will be described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, brightness of the pixels of a display can be adjusted, such as by increasing the light-emitting duration of the pixels. In this regard, Fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system for controlling pixels that is implemented as an electronic device. Note that such an electronic device can be provided in various configurations, such as a PDA, a display monitor, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, or a cellular phone.
Electronic device 2 comprises adisplay device 20 and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 25. DAC 25 supplies power to displaydevice 20. - Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of
display device 20. As shown in Fig. 2b,display device 20 comprises adisplay panel 21 comprising pixels P11~Pmn, adata driver 22, ascan driver 23, and an electroluminescence (EL)driver 24, which can be implemented by an integrated circuit (IC). -
Data driver 22 provides data signals D1~Dm to pixels P11~Pmn. Scan driver 23 receives a start signal (STV) output fromEL driver 24 and controls pixels P11~Pmn by scan signals S1~Sn and XS1~XSn. Pixels P11~Pmn receive data signals D1~Dm according to scan signals S1~Sn and pixels P11~Pmn are illuminated according to scan signals XS1~XSn. - Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a scan driver. For clarity, only two pixels of the display are shown. The structures of the pixels shown in Fig. 3 are given as an example; however, in other embodiments, other configurations can be used.
-
Scan driver 23 comprises ashift register circuit 33 andprocessors 34~37.Shift register circuit 33 comprises shift register units VSR1~VSR4. Each shift register unit outputs a shift signal according to a duty cycle of start signal STV. -
Processor 34 compriseslogic units logic unit 341 is floating and a second input terminal oflogic unit 341 receives shift signal SS1. A first input terminal oflogic unit 342 is coupled to an output terminal oflogic unit 341 and a second input terminal oflogic unit 342 receives shift signal SS2. Since the first input terminal oflogic unit 341 is floating, an output terminal oflogic unit 342 does not control a pixel.Processor 35 compriseslogic units Logic unit 351 receives shift signals SS1 and SS2.Logic unit 352 receives an output signal oflogic unit 351 and shift signal SS3 to generate scan signal SD1.Pixel 31 receives data signal DS according to scan signal SD1. Shift signal SS2 also corresponds to scan signals XSD1.Pixel 31 is illuminated according to scan signal XSD1. -
Processor 36 compriseslogic units Logic unit 361 receives shift signals SS2 and SS3.Logic unit 362 receives an output signal oflogic unit 361 and shift signal SS4 to generate scan signal SD2.Pixel 32 receives data signal DS according to scan signal SD2. Shift signal SS3 corresponds to scan signals XSD2.Pixel 32 is illuminated according to scan signal XSD2. -
Processor 37 compriseslogic units Logic unit 371 receives shift signals SS3 and SS4. A first input terminal oflogic unit 372 receives an output signal oflogic unit 371 and a second input terminal oflogic unit 372 is floating. Since the second input terminal oflogic unit 372 is floating, an output terminal oflogic unit 372 does not control a pixel. - In this embodiment,
logic units logic units - Fig. 4 is a timing diagram of the embodiment of the scan driver depicted in Fig. 3. In Fig. 3, shift register units VSR1~VSR4, respectively, output shift signals SS1~SS4 responsive to shift register unit VSR1 receiving start signal STV.
-
Pixel 31 receives data signal DS according to shift signals SS1~SS3 received byprocessor 35. As shown in Fig. 4, a logic level of shift signal SS1 is low and those of shift signals SS2 and SS3 are high such that a logic level of scan signal SD1 is high in period P1. - Therefore,
transistor 311 can be turned on. A data signal is transmitted tocapacitor 312 throughtransistor 311 to chargecapacitor 312.Transistor 313 is turned on for outputting driving current I1 as a voltage ofcapacitor 312 reaches a first preset value. Since a logic level of scan signal XSD1 is high,transistor 314 is turned on in period P1. Light-emittingelement 315 is illuminated as driving current I1 is transmitted to light-emittingelement 315 bytransistor 314. - In period P2, the logic level of scan signal XSD1 is low such that light-emitting
element 315 is extinguished. Since the logic level of scan signal SD2 is high,capacitor 322 is charged such that driving current I2 is provided bytransistor 323. Light-emittingelement 325 receives driving current I2 and is illuminated as the logic level of scan signal SD2 is high. - In period P3, the logic level of scan signal XSD2 is low such that light-emitting
element 325 is extinguished. In period P4, the logic level of scan signal XSD1 is high such thattransistor 314 is turned on. Since the voltage ofcapacitor 312 maintains the first preset value,transistor 313 generates driving current I1, which is provided to light-emittingelement 315 for illustrating that element. - In period P5, since the logic level of scan signal SD1 is high,
capacitor 312 is again charged according to data signal DS such that the voltage ofcapacitor 312 reaches a second preset value.Transistor 313 generates new driving current I1 according to the new voltage ofcapacitor 312. Since the logic level of scan signal XSD1 is also high, light-emittingelement 315 is illuminated. - In period P4, the voltage of
capacitor 312 depends on the data signal DS received bytransistor 311 in period P1. In period P5, the voltage ofcapacitor 312 depends on the data signal DS received bytransistor 311 in period P5. Although light-emittingelement 315 is illuminated in periods P4 and P5, if data signal DS in period P1 is different than the data signal DS in period P5, the brightness of light-emittingelement 315 in period P4 differs from the brightness of light-emittingelement 315 in period P5. - In period P6, the logic level of scan signal XSD2 is high such that
transistor 324 is turned on. Since the voltage ofcapacitor 322 can turn ontransistor 323, light-emittingelement 325 receives driving current I2 and is illuminated. - In period P7, since the logic level of scan signal SD2 is high,
capacitor 322 is again charged according to data signal DS.Transistor 323 outputs new driving current I2 according to the voltage ofcapacitor 322. Since the logic level of scan signal XSD2 is also high, light-emittingelement 325 is illuminated. - The voltage of
capacitor 322 in period P6 depends on the data signal DS received bytransistor 321 in period P2. The voltage ofcapacitor 322 in period P7 depends on the data signal DS received bytransistor 321 in period P7. Although light-emittingelement 325 is illuminated in periods P6 and P7, if data signal DS in period P2 is different than the data signal DS in period P7, the brightness of light-emittingelement 325 in period P6 is different from the brightness of light-emittingelement 325 in period P7. - Taking
pixel 31 as an example, since start signal STV only has a cycle in period P8, the light-emitting state of light-emittingelement 315 is luminous-dark-luminous in periods P1~P4. Iftransistor 314 is replaced by a PMOS transistor or the start signal cycle is inverted, the light-emitting state of light-emittingelement 315 is changed to dark-luminous-dark in periods P1~P4. The light-emitting state of light-emittingelement 315 is luminous-dark-luminous-dark-luminous as start signal STV has two cycles in period P8. - Duration of each light-emitting state depends on the duty cycle of start signal STV. Assume a display panel requires 16.63ms to display an image and the light-emitting states of all light-emitting elements in the display panel are luminous-dark-luminous. Then, if the duration of the luminous state is 16.63ms, the brightness of the display panel is 100%, if the duration of the luminous state is 13.304ms, the brightness of the display panel is 80%. If the duration of the luminous state is 8.315ms, the brightness of the display panel is 50%.
- For example, assume light-emitting
element 315 is illuminated during periods P1, P4, and P5 according to scan signal XSD1. If the light-emitting duration (the duration of periods P1, P4, and P5) of light-emittingelement 315 is 13.304ms, the brightness of the display panel is 50%. Therefore, the duty cycle of start signal STV controls the light-emitting duration of light-emitting element and thus controls the brightness of the display panel. Because of this, a user can adjust the brightness of the display panel according to actual requirements for reducing power consumption. - Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a scan driver. Each of the
logic units buffers 371~374 has an amplification function.Buffer 371 amplifies scan signal SD1 for turning ontransistor 311.Buffer 372 amplifies scan signal XSD1 for turning ontransistor 314.Buffer 373 amplifies scan signal SD2 for turning ontransistor 321.Buffer 374 amplifies scan signal XSD1 for turning ontransistor 321. - Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a scan driver. Each pixel comprises three sub-pixels for displaying red, green and blue, respectively. For clarity, Fig. 6 only shows a pixel comprising sub-pixels 61~63 respectively displaying red, green and blue.
- Each shift register unit VSR1B~VSR3B provides a shift signal as shift register unit VSR1B receives start signal STVB.
Processor 64 receives shift signals provided by shift register units VSR1B~VSR3B for generating scan signal SD1. Sub-pixels 61~63 respectively receive data signals DSR, DSG and DSB according to scan signal SD1. A shift signal provided by shift register unit VSR2B is scan signal XSD1B. Sub-pixel 63 is illuminated according to scan signal XSD1B. - When shift register unit VSR1R receives start signal STVR, a shift signal provided by shift register unit VSR2R is used as scan signal XSD1R. Sub-pixel 61 is illuminated according to scan signal XSD1R.
- When shift register unit VSR1G receives start signal STVG, a shift signal provided by shift register unit VSR2G is used as scan signal XSD1G. Sub-pixels 62 is illuminated according to scan signal XSD1G.
- The light-emitting duration of sub-pixels 61~63 are respectively controlled by duty cycles of start signals STVR, STVG and STVG.
- In summary, the light-emitting duration of the pixels of a display can be controlled by the duty cycle of start signal STV. The brightness of the display panel is brighter as the light-emitting duration of the pixels is longer, and vice versa. Therefore, a user can adjust the brightness of the display panel according to actual requirements.
- While the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. To the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would be apparent to those skilled in the art). Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.
Claims (20)
- A system for controlling a first pixel, the first pixel being operative to receive a first data signal, said system comprising:a scan driver comprising:wherein a duty cycle of the first start signal determines a light-emitting duration of the first pixel.a first shift-register unit operative to output a first shift signal according to a first start signal;a second shift-register unit operative to output a second shift signal according to the first shift signal for lighting the first pixel;a third shift-register unit operative to output a third shift signal according to the second shift signal; anda first processor operative to control the first pixel to receive the first data signal according to the first, the second, and the third shift signals;
- The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first processor comprises:a first logic unit comprising a first input terminal operative to receive the first shift signal, a second input terminal operative to receive the second shift signal and a first output terminal, wherein the first output terminal outputs a first logic level when a logic level of the first shift signal equals that of the second shift signal and the first output terminal outputs a second logic level when the logic level of the first shift signal differs that of the second shift signal; anda second logic unit comprising a third input terminal coupled to the first output terminal, a fourth input terminal operative to receive the third shift signal, anda second output terminal coupled to the first pixel, wherein the second output terminal outputs the first logic level when the logic level of the first logic unit or a logic level of the third shift signal equals the first logic level and the second output terminal outputs the second logic level when the logic level of the first logic unit and that of the third shift signal equal the second logic level.
- The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second logic unit further comprises a fifth input terminal operative to receive a control signal, the second output terminal outputs the first logic level when a logic level of the control signal or that of the third shift signal equals the first logic level, and the second output terminal outputs the second logic level when the logic level of the control signal and that of the third shift signal equal the first logic level.
- The system as claimed in any of the preceding claims, further comprising:a fourth shift register unit operative to output a fourth shift signal according to a second start signal;a fifth shift register unit operative to output a fifth shift signal according to the fourth shift signal for lighting a second pixel;a sixth shift register unit operative to output a sixth shift signal according to a third start signal;a seventh shift register unit operative to output a seventh shift signal according to the sixth shift signal for lighting a third pixel;wherein the first processor controls the first, the second, and the third pixels to receive the first, a second, and a third data signals according to the first, a second, and a third shift signal and controls the light-emitting duration of the first, the second, and the third pixels according to a duty cycle of the first, the second, and the third start signals, respectively.
- The system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first pixel displays a red color, the second pixel displays a blue color, and the third pixel displays a green color.
- A system for controlling a pixel comprising:a display device comprising:wherein a duty cycle of the first start signal establishes a light-emitting duration of the first pixel.a display panel comprising a first pixel;a EL driver operative to output a start signal;a data driver operative to output a first data signal to the first pixel; anda scan driver operative to output a first scan signal and a second scan signal to the first pixel, wherein the first pixel is operative to receive the first data signal according to the first scan signal and the first pixel is illuminated according to the second scan signal, the scan driver comprising:a first shift-register unit operative to output a first shift signal according to the first start signal;a second shift-register unit operative to output a second shift signal according to the first shift signal for lighting the first pixel;a third shift-register unit operative to output a third shift signal according to the second shift signal; anda first processor operative to control the first pixel to receive the firstdata signal according to the first, the second, and the third shift signals;
- The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first processor comprises:a first logic unit comprising a first input terminal operative to receive the first shift signal, a second input terminal is operative to receive the second shift signal and a first output terminal, wherein the first output terminal is operative to output a first logic level when a logic level of the first shift signal equals that of the second shift signal and the first output terminal is operative to output a second logic level when the logic level of the first shift signal differs that of the second shift signal; anda second logic unit comprising a third input terminal coupled to the first input terminal, a fourth input terminal operative to receive the third shift signal, and a second output terminal coupled to the first pixel, wherein the second output terminal is operative to output the first logic level when the logic level of the first logic unit or a logic level of the third shift signal is the first logic level and the second output terminal is operative to output the second logic level when the logic level of the first logic unit and that of the third shift signal equal the second logic level.
- The system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the second logic unit further comprises a fifth input terminal operative to receive a control signal, the second output terminal is operative to output the first logic level when a logic level of the control signal or that of the third shift signal equals the first logic level, and the second output terminal is operative to output the second logic level when the logic level of the control signal and that of the third shift signal equal the first logic level.
- The system as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the first logic unit is a XOR gate and the second logic unit is an AND gate.
- The system as claimed in any of claims 6 to 9, wherein the display panel further comprises a second and a third pixel.
- The system as claimed in claim 10, wherein the data driver further outputs a second and a third data signals.
- The system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the display panel further comprises a second and a third pixel;
wherein the data driver further outputs second data signal and third data signal;
wherein the scan driver further comprises:a fourth shift register unit operative to output a fourth shift signal according to the second start signal;a fifth shift register unit operative to output a fifth shift signal according to the fourth shift signal for lighting a second pixel;a sixth shift register unit operative to output a sixth shift signal according to the third start signal; anda seventh shift register unit operative to output a seventh shift signal according to the sixth shift signal for lighting a third pixel; andwherein the first processor controls the first, the second, and the third pixels to receive the first, the second, and the third data signals according to the first, the second, and the third shift signals and controls the light-emitting durations of the first, the second, and the third pixels according to a duty cycle of the first, the second, and the third start signals, respectively. - The system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the first pixel displays a red color, the second pixel displays a blue color, and the third pixel displays a green color.
- The system as claimed in any of claims 6 to 13, further comprising:a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) operative to supply power to the display device.
- The system as claimed in any of claims 6 to 14, further comprising:means for supplying power to the display device.
- A system for controlling a pixel comprising:a data signal line operative to provide data to the pixel; anda scan driver operative to control illumination of the pixel during sequential time periods such that, if data provided by the data signal line is different between a first time period and a second time period, brightness of the pixel differs during a third time period and a sequential fourth time period, wherein the pixel is illuminated during the third time period and the fourth time period.
- The system as claimed in claim 16, further comprising a capacitor; and
wherein the brightness of the pixel during the third time period corresponds to a charge of the capacitor associated with the data signal during the first time period. - The system as claimed in claim 16 or 17, wherein the brightness of the pixel during the fourth time period corresponds to a charge of the capacitor associated with the data signal during the second time period.
- The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the second time period and fourth time period are coextensive.
- The system as claimed in any of claims 16 to 19, wherein durations of the first, second, third and fourth time periods correspond to a duty cycle of a start signal of the scan driver.
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