US1009254A - Dipper construction. - Google Patents

Description

0. L. MoKENZ IE.

. DIPPBR CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED JUNEB, 1911.

1,009,254, Patented Nov. 21, 1 911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented NOV. 21, 1911.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

CHARLES L. moKnNzIs; or rrrrssnaemrnnnsnvama.

DIPPER CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed June 8, 1911.

Patented Nov. 21, 31%111. Serial No. 631,982. I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. Mo- KENZIE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Pittsburgh, county of Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and useful. Improvements in Dipper Construction; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

This invention relates to dipper excavators, and especially to improvements in the construction shown in my U. S. Patent No. 967,819, dated August 16, 1910.

The improvements relate primarily to the form and arrangement of the washers which embrace the cutting teeth at the dipper edge, and it is aimed to protect more ully the reinforcing bar extending transversely beneath the teeth, or the forward edge of the dipper bottom in case such bar washer shown in is not employed, or, again, to protect more fully the front edges of the bar and the dipper bottom as well. Washers constructed in accordance with this invention are applicable to all the uses indicated in the aforesaid patent, more particularly as regards the use or omission of the reinforcing bar at the dipper edge.

perhaps even more important object of the present invention is to provide a construction in which the above mentioned washers are so shaped as to take an active part in cutting into and dipping or scooping up the material. In other words, the improved washers facilitate to a marked degree the digging of the dipper or scoop into the material, therebyassisting the cutting teeth, and moreover they have the advantage over the washers used in my prior construction that they facilitate the entrance of the dipper into the material at the proper angle and throw the material in such a direction that it will be scooped up in the dipper. I

Inthe accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a dipper provided with my improvements; Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the dipper bottom and its adjunctive parts; Figs. 3', 4 and 5 Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary front elevation of a dipper are detail views of thehaving washers of modified form; Fig/7 1s a top plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 6; Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are details of the modified washer, and Fig. 11 is a detail view showlng how the individual washers can be combined in a single bar.

Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Figs. 1 to 5, A denotes a dipper or scoop of any desired shape, having U-shaped holder plates M applied to the bottom at the forwerd edge portion thereof, substantially as shown in the above mentioned patent. 15 are the teeth inserted in said'holder plates, as before, and 16 is the common reinforcin bar extending across the forward edge 0 'the'dipper bottom, beneath the teeth and their holders. This bar, however, may be omitted, as previously intimated. The holder plates 14 preferably extend out beyond the forward di per edge, as shown, but this is likewise a non-essential feature.

The present invention concerns itself especially with the washers which embrace the forward ends of the cutting teeth, which washers are indicated at 17 in Figs. 1 to 5. In the form shown in these views, each washer 17 is of pyramidal shape, having a thin edge or edges 18 disposed toward the front and sloping backward to a comparatively thick rear edge 19. The opening or bore extending through the washer is shaped to correspond with the cross section of the corresponding cutting tooth which the washer embraces. rear portions 19 of the washers are of sufiicient size to cover fully and thereby efficiently protect the forward edges of the corresponding holder plates 14, with whichfo'rward edges the rear faces of such washers are in contact or abutment. Moreover, according to this invention the keeper plates are not only protected by the washers in the manner described, but the washers also serve to protect the forward face of the reinforcing bar 16 or in case such bar is omitted, of the dipper bottom itself. This is effected by forming lateral wings on opposite sides of each washer. In the embodiment shown in Figs. l to 5 these wings cover the portions of the reinforcing bar which are not covered by the main portions or bodies of the washers, so that, if the rear portions of the washer bodies are extended The thickened downwardly to such an extent as to be in contact with the forward edge of the reinforcing bar throughout the width of the latter, as shown in- Fig. 2, the ent re forward face or edge of such bar or equivalent part will be fully covered and protected by the washer elements.

In order to expedite the entrance of the washer 17 .into the material to be excavated, the forward edges of the wings 20 converge toward. the front of the washer, as best shown in Fig. 4. In Fig. 3, such sloping or inclined edges are indicated at 21 and 1t Wlll be noted that they decrease in width toward the front of the washer so as to afford a relatively thin cutting edge where the forward portion of each wing joins the washer body. This also facilitates to a cons derable degree the entrance of the dipper into the material. The thickened rear portions of the wing edges 21 merge into or join suitably shaped side surfaces 22 of the wings and these surfaces of each washer abut corresponding surfaces at opposite sides, so that the bar 16 is entirely covered, as previously mentioned. With this construction, it will be noted that the wings of the several washers form in conjunction a saw-like working edge between the dipper teeth, whereby the digging of the dipper into the material is considerably facilitated. The scooping of the material into the dipper is also made more easy by the upward inclination of the top surfaces of the wings 20 which are preferably connected with the side portions of the washer bodies by curved surfaces of appropriate shape, as shown in Fig. 3. The dipper teeth may be held in their sockets by friction or otherwise, and the washers are shown as held on the forward ends of the teeth by friction, although appropriate fastening means may be used if desired. 1

In the construction shown in Figs. 6 to 10, the washers are so shaped as to cut the material even more effectively than the washers previously described. In this case, the

washer bodies 23 are of the general py-- ramidal shape previously indicated, but the wings 24 are .not sloped inward at their front edges. On the other hand, they are provided with front edges 25 directed parallel to the forward edge of the dipper bottom. The wings of adjacent washers are in abutment at their side faces, as before. By

beveling the wings so that the front edges 25 are comparatively thin in comparison to the rear edges 26, the surface presented by all of the wings in conjunction may be given a knife like shape, so as to out easily into such materials as hard clay, compressed earth, shale and the like. In this form of the invention, I prefer to make the bottom surfaces 27 of the wings substantially flush with the bottom surface of the dipper, as

this shape of wing tends to throw thematerial into the dipper instead of causing the latter to ride over the material.

In Fig. 11 I have shown washers like those just described combined in a single element or washer bar, which can be readily slipped over all of the cutting teeth at the same time. The only difference over the construction shown in Figs. 6 to 10 is that instead of being separate the individual washers have their wings integrally joined to each other, as shown at. 28. It is obvious that the washers of Figs. 1 to 6 maylikewise be joined to form a common bar, and that other washers embodying my improvements may be formed into a single strucr ture to embrace the dipper teeth and protect the forward edge of the dipper. Of course still further modifications of the structure may likewise be adopted without digressing from the invention as defined in the claims.

What I claim is 1. In a dipper construction, a dipper bottom, teeth extending forward thereof, and cutting means embracing and extending between the teeth.

, 2. In a dipper construction, a dipper bottom, teeth extending forward thereof, and means embracing said teeth and extending lengthwise of the dipper edge completely across the spaces between the teeth- 3.. In a dipper construction, a dipper bot tom, teeth extending forward thereof, and cutting means embracing the teeth and extending lengthwise of the forward dipper edge across the spaces between the teeth.

4:. In a dipper construction, a dipper bottom, teeth extending forward thereof, and washers embracing the teeth and shaped to cover the forward dipper edge between the teeth.

5. In a dipper construction, a dipper bottom, teeth extending forward thereof, and washers embracing the teeth and shaped to cover the forward dipper edge between the teeth, said washers increasing in thickness from front to rear.

6. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, teeth projecting forward thereof, and washers embracing said teeth and having lateral projecting portions protecting the forward edge of the dipper bottom.

7. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, teeth applied to the same, and washers embracing the for ward portions of the teeth and having portions completely covering the forward dipper edge between the teeth.

8. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, teeth applied thereto, and washers embracing the teeth and having lateral wings protecting the front dipper edge between the teeth.

9. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, teeth applied thereto, and washers embracing the teeth and having lateral wings protecting the front dipper edge between the teeth, said wings being tapered to facilitate cutting into the material being excavated.

10. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, holder plates applied to one surface thereof, teeth extending forwardly out of said holder plates, and substantially pyramidal washers embracing the forward ends of said teeth and having lateral wings lying substantially in the plane of the dipper bottom.

11. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, holder plates ap plied to one surface thereof, teeth extending forwardly out of said holder plates, and washers embracing the forward portions of said teeth and having laterally directed portions lying substantially in the plane of the dipper bottom and extending across the spaces between said teeth, said portions decreasing in thickness toward their front edges.

12. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, a holder plate applied to one surface thereof, a-tooth extending forwardly out of said holder plate, a washer embracing the forward portion of said tooth and covering substantially the whole forward edge of the holder plate, said washer being of substantially p'yramidal form and extended at its lower portion completely across the forward dipper edge, and Wings on said Washer projecting laterally at opposite sides thereof and lying substantially in the plane of the dipper bottom.

13. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, a holder plate applied to one surface thereof, a tooth inserted in said plate and projecting forwardly thereof, a reinforcing bar extending under said tooth at the forward dipper edge, and a substantially pyramidal washer embracing the forward portion of said tooth, said washer having lateral wings, as described, and having its rear surface extended completely across and in abutment with the forward face of the reinforcing bar.

14;. As an article of manufacture, a substantially pyramidal dipper tooth washer having laterally projecting wings.

15. As an article of manufacture, a substantially pyramidal dipper tooth washer having projecting wings at opposite sides, increasing in thickness from front to rear.

16. As an article of manufacture, a dipper tooth washer having a substantially pyramidal body with an interior bore, the forward edge of the body being thin at one end of the bore and tapering to a thick portion at the rear of the bore, and lateral wings on said body, increasing in thickness from front to rear, as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES L. MCKENZIE.

Witnesses:

PAUL T. FARRELL, JOHN M. TAYLOR.

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