US1141837A - Designing or calculating chart. - Google Patents

Description

c. w. SCHUBERT.

DESIGNING 0R CALCULATING CHART.

APPLlcMmN man 111AY19,1914. F l gj @EL gigi s Mimi-ed. June l, 193.5.

. l 3 SHEETS-$1151.11.

sndm-ecne C. W. SCHUBERT.

DESIGNING O R CALCULATING CHART.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I9, m14.

C. W. SCHUBERT.

DEE-SIGNING 0R CALCULATNG CHAR?.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19. 1914.

Patente June l, 1915.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

CHARLES W. SCHUBERT, F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

Be it known that I, CHAnLEs W. SCHU- anni', citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga l. and State of Chio, have .invented certain new and useful Improvements in Designing' or Calculating Charts, of which the followlpin is a specification.

his invention relates to designing or c al# culating charts for solving formulas, any or gg all letters of which may represent variables andpartlof whichl may represent constants.

"These charts are especially adapted for the useof designers, architects, engineers and others, and have for their object, to provide ifa `'simple and eiicient chart which will save time 1n selecting or designing, either singly,

or in combination, structural beams of any material, such as iron or steel beams, wooden 'beams of any practical dimensions, reinforced concrete beams, slabs and T-beams.

'- Thechartscomprise or include a series "of live parallel lines, or axes, along part or A all of which' are plotted various logarithmic graduations; other axes or lines may be used to further the purpose of the chart. The relations to which the logarithmic graduahave a constant ratio to each other, and saidhrelations form a part of this invention together with the ratio of the distances between fthefive lines of the above parallel series,v There may or may not be associated with' this series of parellel lines, aplurality of notations, delineations, or representations,

suchas beams of various shapes,` sizes, and Vmaterials, properly positioned with relation 'i mic graduations may or may not be plotted,

to the lines' or axes along which -the logariththe arrangement being such that solutions may be indicated by means of an alinement either by a straight edge applied to the chart or by any other means, as a string or thread stretched across the chart alining the X/iriables as directed by keys or as directed i the text or by means of a straight line s ibed on some transparent material, and

13e said material adjusted to the chart to Specification of Letters Patent.

DESIGNING on CALCULMING oHiinT.

Patenten aan@ i, isis.

Appncanon mea may 19, 1914. serial No. 839,536.

The charts may be printed or otherwise marked on sheets of any suitable material as paper, celluloid, etc.

Figure 1 is a plan of one of the charts. Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 are plans illustrating various solutions on modied charts.

The lines indicating the five axes or the series of five parallel lines are indicated at 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, the axis l1 in Figs. 3 and 5 and axis 12 in Fig. 5 being added to further the purpose of the charts, for illustration as indicated by the solved formulas 17 in Fig. 3, and 18' and 49 in Fig. 5.`

The live axes 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are spaced apart in the following described and indicatedrelations, namely: axis 49 is midway between axes 6 and 10 as indicated by line 19, axis 7 is midway `between axes 6 and 9 as indicated by line 20, and axes 8 is one-third (il) of the distance between axes 6 and 9 or 9 and 10 from the axis 9 as indicated by line 21. The above distances are to be measured I on lines 19, 20 and 21 perpendicular to the bogi series of parallel axes as indicated y l t The ratio of the relation to which the logarithmic:graduations are plotted on the vtions are-plotted along the ive axes or lines .tive axes areas described and indicated as follows :.-On axes 6 and 10 the logarithmic graduations are plotted to a relation of one (1g as indicated at 23; on axis 9 to one-haltl a'siindicated at 2%; on axis 8 to onethird as indicated at 25; on axis 7 to one-fourth as at 26; such that the ratio of the plotting on axes 6 and 10 is the same or is one (l) on axis 6 or 10 to 9 is two (2) and on axis 6 or 10 to 8 is three (3) and on axis 6 or l0 to 7 is four (Il). Hence the relation of the logarithmic plotting on axis 6 or 1() is four (4) timesthat on axis 7; three (3) times that on axis 8; and two (2) times that on axis 9, as indicated between the graduations six and ten or any decimal part or times six and ten, as sixty and one hundred, etc., as shown on chart in Fig. 2 or as indicated between the graduations one hundred.

and two hundred, or any decimal part or times of said number written along the giaduations the saine as shown on the chart in Fig. 3, thus ten to twenty; one thousand to two thousand. The above relation of plotting holds between any logarithmic plottings on s'aid'live axes.

The. relative positions of the above menones aheve reileired` to. and related as above deserilied may he plotted along the axes for nplej. .is unlimited alongr the axis S oy in Fig. n and along the axis U by 1G in Fifl. 5. ln the general formula (nr/'mu (1b: T when as irnlieated at lfl; also hy similar substitutions olf' constants 'l'or the variables, ete., in the general lllirniula we get as indicated :it '1.7; and .ll/l lll'rli er will? as indicated at 13; and liifzi/illi or will :is :it l-l; and 'il n) as at 27. Other i'orinnlas are .solved .ndieuted in Figs. fl; und 5, part of which are to he used in direct eoniunet-ion= Withthose :shove given. n

ln. applying the above tnriniihis part of the Variables are assumed and the other obtained directed hy theehurt. YFor exiainplez-#To apply formula lllj Vgl-ta assume any two letters :ind read the value ofthe third; thus assume hh: 'l(),000 l't. ponnds and liz-10, then hy alining; with line 28, Ll0 on axis Yl0 with 'lG on axis (3 we read lil-:20.000 lhs. llotal uniform load on axis 9; further we een read on axis S, 10,::1250 pounds per lineal Afoot on lieaunarul then to solve fur, :10C we assume either ll or w and read thoother. Say assume 10:14() llos. per sq. lt. liner, then we rend C on anis 6 as 8.75 ift. spacing,I hy entendingv line 2t) through L25() on axis 3, and 140 on axis .7, to intersect axis l5 at 8.75 ft. ln Similar manner handle formula 17 which. however ,axis tait required loah has a variable denominator Y and 'hence use another axis ll to get final result ln applying :torninla 14 to solve for Mb on unis l0, the section nwdulus for steel heains required at NWO() pounds per sq. inch liber stress is lgiven on lett side of axis 10 to eorrespoiid to Mb on right side, then on perpendieular lines ont from laxis l0 are plotted various structural iiiaterials that will coiiespond with this sertion modulus if of rolled steel shapes, or to correspondtoll/Ib,if A

of reinforced concrete as indicated. at .29; or

stamped inetal jeist can be plotted at' their v proper relation te the above, axis and to correspond to the 'Mb given. This is indicated at 30. Further there islvplotted othei;`

steel rolled girder beams 31, ,or -heains 312i ,l

or li sections as 33; or supplementary beams at 34E; ship channels 35; speciallS inch channels as 3G;

We' at .37 or .lt-ties at 38'.4v f

More standard shapes (l-channels andi-i beams are plotted at SQA-and 40,`and angles at 4l; and also in Figs. ,4 and 5 are Written in their proper positionr with respeotto M1, which is not plotted on'aiiis l0, the Various sie' sizes of Wood timber for difiierentiber Istress i 43, eorresponding te the kind of timber; all

as indicated at lf2 in said ligui'es. It is'theii noted that inany charts can he made for the panies @nid hy one stroke of the pencil the earrying eapueity el said material could be determined. Thus to get the total load a 'MUG/31.5 lhs. standard Eben-in would carry on u .l2 it. spa-ii.; draw a horizontal line through l2 at 31.5# beam and from this 'ninny rarieus products of different com-- intersection of axis 1l) drawI line 44: ycutting "ily iur-ans nlE l'o'rinnla iifood we can getthe hlgvzinoinent of resistaiice`"l'or any sizestieh tiniher of any kind of wood loi-'any safety 'taet iisiiice MrzMb hy connecting,this Mb to any spain', line 4G.

we lor 2:d0 on l) ftspaiiyuse 1200 fiber'stiess. Through 61:2 on axis 7 and lOdepth'On can get thellead the tiinher will carry;

example: Required the safe Aload oi" a" lie axis (i, 'draw the line 4:7 to intersect axis 9' at 2,thenif 2:000, from fZ2-200'diaw line 48" l n enrly- `which is the load per lineal foot' the herrin will early, or thelnadper"square-foot il' they. are plarmljone toot centers.

' to '1200 en axis G-tl'iis'liiie intersects axis 10, I

Other exanlples or Llierniulhs inaylhe 'solved' by means nl? the :iXesand-tlie keys given snch as 'lorinula 18 Fignyetcf; `ifvliielfiwill suggest themselves to engineers or others skilled in the use of such formulas.

What l elaim-.asnexvim Y 1. A chart of the kind described, comprising a series of parallel lines marked with graduations dividing the same, said lines being spaced apart distances related t0 each other and to the divisions of the graduations, and a plurality of indicia of structural elements beside said lines and related in position to the graduation.

2. A chart of the kind described, comprising a series of parallel lines or axes provided With graduations, and indicia of various structural elements respectively, the distance apart of the lines or axes, and the division of the graduations, and the location of the indicia of said elements, being all related to each other, and adapted for the solution of formulas by a straight line crossing the chart or axes.

3. A chart of the kind described, omnpzasing a series of live parallel axes 6. 7, 8,

and 10 spaced apart as follows: axis 9 inid- Way between' axes 6 and l0, axis 7 iaith y between axes 6 and l), and axis 8 one-third of the distance between axes G and t', from axis 9; and logarithmic grmluations plotted along said axes as follows: ou axes 6 and 10 to a relation of one, on axis f) to one-half, on axis 8 to one-third, and on axis 7 to one fourth. In testimony whereof, l do alix my nature in presence of two uitnesscs.

CHARLES W. SCHUBERT. Witnesses JOHN A. BoMMuAnn'r, J. B. DAvis.

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