US1197393A - Baker's oven. - Google Patents

Description

. w; r. PETERSEN.

BAKERS ovw.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE PM 1915- 1,197,393. Patented Sept. 5,1916.

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BAKERS ovsu. APPLICATION FILED IUNE 14. 19I5.

v I jwe li/514M17 Patented Sept. 5, 1916;

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- w/Fl PETERSEN.

BAKER'SGVEN.

APPLICATIO'N FILEDJUNE I4. 1915.

Patented Sept. 5,1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W. F. PETERSEN. 'BAKER'S OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED IUNE 14. I915.

Patented Sept.- 5, 1916.

{SHEETS-SHEET 4.

711225.963? Jaye/2231:;

by a suitable conveyer.

be done.

TED sra rns PArnN'r, OFFICE.-

WILLIAM FERDINAND l?ETEBSEN; or CHICAGO; ILLINoIs, AssIGNoa r0 rE'rEIts N OVEN COMPANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINo s, A CORPORATION or ILLINOIS.

BAKERS OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5,1916.

- I Application filed 11111514, 1915. Serial No. 33,899.

22, all whom it may concern:

lle it known that I. \VILLIAAI siding at Chicago, in the county of Cook and .State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Bakers Ovens, of

\vhich the following is a full, clea'r, and ex act description.

. My invention relates to bakersovens, and

particularly to ovens in which the pans are carried into and out of the baking-chamber The object of my invention. is to prevent the loss of heat due to the cooling of the trays upon which the'pans are placed,'the

chains and other parts of said conveyer when the same is withdrawn fron'rthe baking-chamber, and thus greatly .increase the efficiency of the oven because of the saving of time arulfuelrequired to reheat the parts thereof.

A turther object is to provide means for inipartingheat to the bakingchamber in a more direct manner than has heretofore been done with ovens of this character, and to adopt novel construction that permits this to These I accomplish by the means hereinafter fully described, and as particularly poiutedout .in the claims.

'In' the drawings: Figure '1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a baker's oven. Fig.

' vertical transverse section takenondotted line +ji, Fig. 1, looking in the direction in? dicated by the arrows. Fig. is a fragmentary view showing a detail of the'construction of the mechanism for.suspending the trays from the conveyer chains, drawn to a. larger Sta -e. Figs. (Sand 7 are fragmentary views illustrating, respectively, transverse and longitudinal vertical sectionsof the] chamber in which the rear guide-wheels for the conveyer chains are housed, and the (.lmlll tightening devices used in connection therewith.

, FERDINA D PETERSEN, a citizen of the UmtedStates, re-

W'hile my invention can be used in bakers ovens made practically entirely ofbrick and tile, I prefer to use askeleton or framework for the same which is built up of commercial forms of rolled metal. As shown in the drawings, the 'oven' is rectangular in shape, andat each corner has vertical posts 8, 8, which, above their base-plates, are of I beam section. These posts 8, 8, are connected on each side of the furnace byan" upper and a lower longitudinally disposed L. beam 9, 9, through the medium of metal angles 10, 10, The front-posts, and likewise the-rear posts are'con'nected by transverse I- beams. 11 and 12 that ,a-redisposedin substantially. the same horizontal planes as beams 9-, 9, although transverse beams l2,

. 12, are below the horizontal plane "the baking-chamber.

he brick and t1le work of the oven'lncloses the metal framework above described,

and provides end and side walls about eighteen inches in thickness outsideofthe same and a roof of about the same thickness above the horizontal plane of the tops of the posts.

made in the rear of the oven that are of the usual construction so that they can be stokedtroin the rear.

The products of combustion from these furnaces discharge. into.a series of longitudinal flues 14, 1+, .14, ll, which extend 3 forward in thesa-mehorizontal plane and discharge into a cross-flue 15. This flue .15 is located back-ofthe vertical plane of the front. cross-bars 12 and below the same, and it discharges from its ends into vertical fiues v16, 16, that convey the. heated products of combustioninto the ends of transverse fines l7, 17, that aline with each other and extend to within a few inches of the center of width of the oven. where they are separated by acomparatively thin "brick partition. 1' These transverse flues Y 17' are situated over the front-part of the baking-chamber O, and the floor thereof con sists of'a transverse platfo'i-n r 18, WhlClllS, preferably, made of east metal and has its forward edge resting on-* the 'rearjportion of Below the bakingchamber, furnaces F are the invertedchannel-beam lintel 19'63Pthe '100 entrance of the bahbig-chamber and has its endsrcsting on and built into the sidewalls of said chamber. I

The baking-chamlicr is not only heated by the heat derived from the masonry tliat separates it from the furnaces and lines H, but

derives the larger portion of its heat from the rzuliation of a series of longitudinally extending pipes 20. cate with tines 17 and their front ends are seated in the transverse corrugations of a transversely extending cradle :21, and their rear ends are seated in suitable thiinbles 22 in the rear wall of the lmking-chaiuber and discharge into the vertically disposed sootchamber 23. This soot-chamber is of sufiicient width for all of the pipes 20 to discharge into it and said chamber extends upward to about the plane of the underside of the rear cross-beam 11. The wall of the oven back of the soot-chamber is pierced by a series of lined openings '24 that aline with pipes 20, and the rear ends of these openings 24; are closed. by suitable covers which latter canbe removed to permit access to said pipes whenever desired. a

The wall immediately in front of it'rans verse flues 17 is also pierced by aseries of openings 26 disposed so as to aline with pipes 20,. and the forward ends of these openings discharge into a transverse dead air-ehamberilf, inclosed within said wall, and may be closed bythe tubular cover, if odesired. A seriesof longitudinal openings 28 are also made in the front Wall of the oven that connect said (lead air-chamber with the outer atmosphere, which aline with and are greater in transverse dimension than openiiigsfltl so as to permit of the withdrawal therctln'ough of the covers of the latter when it is desired to have access to pipes 20 or to cross-flue 17. Openings 28 are closed by covers 25), when not in use, and conserve the insulation resulting from the presence of the dead air-chanlhm3 The upper end of h'UOt-Clltlll'llltl 23 terminates just below the rear cross-brain 11 and discharges into the rear ends of the series of longitmliually disposed pipes Fat 30. thercar portions of which are seated in thimblcs 31 built in the rear wall of a reheating chamher 33. This rchcatiug chamber extends horizontally forward through the i'ront wall of the oven and is of the same superficial area as the oven chamber, but is less in height, substantially as shown in the drawings, and the lintel ll'ol the entrance there of is made of a transversely disposed in" verted channel-beam Whose ends extend to posts 8 and are suitably attached thereto and embedded in the brick work at the sides of the entrance of chamber 33.

Immediately to the rear of lintel 34 a metal platform 35 constitutes the roof of the These pipes comnuuu- 4 heat-chamber. This metal platform con sists of a transversely disposed fiat plate having several longitudinal ribs depending from its underside, and it is supported by having its ends built in the brick work of the sidewalls of the rehcatimgr-chamber, and by its forward edge lapping past and resting upon the rear portion of lintel 3 Pipes 30 form the roof or ceiling of the reheating chamber in the rear of the platform 35. and their forward ends are seated in the corrugations of a cradle 36, which latter corresponds in construction to cradle 21 and rests upon the rear portion of platform 35. Pipes 30 disvharge the products of combustion from their forward ends into a cross-line 3? located immediately back of the front wall of the oven above platform and from this cross-flue 3? said products of combustion discharge into a central fine 38 that extends upward and then longitudinally back over the roof of the oven to the chinmey 39.

Lined openings i0 wall of the oven that aline with'pipes 30 and communi -ate with the upper end of the soot-chamber 23 and the rear ends of these openings are closed by a suitable removable cap 41. The front wall of the oven is provided with a series of longitudinal o 'ienings 42 that aline with pipes 30. The rear ends of these openings 42 open into cross-flue 3T and their front ends open into a transversely extending dead air-chamber 43. Between this dead air chamber and the front of the oven there is a series of longitudinal openings 44 which exceed in diameter and aline with openings 42. ()peningsdfl are closed by tubular covers elf and openings 44: are closed by covers ll), and the relative transverse dimensions of these openings, l2 and H, are such that when the outer cover 46 is removed cover is") can be removed by pulling it out through openings ll, thus enabling access to he had to pipes 30.

The entire oven is made of solid brick or tile work between the lines 14 and the bah iug chamber. bctwcen the heating-pipes 20 of the haking-chamber and the reheat-ingrhzunber 3?. and between pipes 30 of this reheating-chanihcr 325 and the top or roof of, the oven. The rear wall of the oven is also made of brick work or tiling and the presence of soot-chamber 23 therein provides an additional means for retaining the lieatwithin the lurking-chamber and the reheatingchambcr. The front wall is very thick, but has therein \vide entrances or months of the baking-chamber and the reheating-elmmber.

The entrance of the baking-chamber is closed by a drop-door 47 consisting of a flat plate the upper edge of which is secured to a transverse shaft 51 which is journaled in suitable bearings in'unediately back of the are made in the rear forward flange of the lintel 19; This dodr is secured toa trans:

transverse shaft 61 the ends of which are vjournaled insuitabl'e hearings in brackets 6:2 secured to'and projecting forward from the front ofthe oven. Two large sprocket wheels 63,- 6'3, are mounted on this shaft in front ofthe ends of the doors 47 and 49,

and these sprocket wheels are connected by p corresponding endless chains 64,, 64, to "smaller sprockets 54a and 55 located in boxes "66 built in the rear-wallwof the oven back of 'the' soot-chamber. The upper-pair of these Q Q'SP B M are mounted on a transverse {I shaft and the lower pair 55 on a trans verse shaft 55 and the ends of these shafts,

" are ]ournaled in vertically disposed bearing plates 5(i the ends oi' which latter are re horizontal bolts 58, 58,,that extend through) enlarged openings in the sameand have their inner ends securedin the forw-ardside" of the boxes 66, and nuts on their oute'nends,"

"(i l extexi'd through fsjlj t'ab ed by hangers depentlih" cessed and'adaptedto engage guide-rails 57-,

' the oven and are, preferably, made integral with the top and bottom of boxes 66. These bearing-plates are adjustable forwardly and rearwardly to a limited extent by means of and by means of set- screws 60, 60. By"prop erly manipulating thenuts 59 onjbo'lts 58 and screws, 60 the chainsfi, 64,109; suit ably tightened. J

The lower horizontal stretches lower corners of F I chamber and within the thmuglrtlie baking latter they are connectegl 'byitransverse trays 72, whose ends are attachedto and Support-o These trucks comprise at, ting which is of an inverted U-shape' cross-section, except a at the closed end thereof. from which hang 4 ersliS depend, and wheels are placed in the inverted channel of said truck revolublygmounted on shafts 71, 'jNVIiichj latter have hearings in theside-wallsof said chan- P nel. These trucks are provided "with late (53;, 63, are of such diameter that 'the uppe'r chains horizonta lly from trucks 69. I

"l l d -lidgi said "'alone' said c'hams re" conveyed 1n; front f entrance ot the'samea suitable distance, and I thereheating-chamber is also, provided with suitable longitudinal tracks 7 6 of the same gage as tracks T7 5, that rest upon the .;floor of and extend from the rear wall ofthe reheating-chamber out through the front entrance thereto and have their forward ex tended ends bent downward, substantially-as.

shown inF-ig. 1 of the drawings.

In operation, the tiays are loaded witha I suitable number-of pansof dough, and moved by the chains back intdthebaking-chamber- [until saidzbaking-chamber is fulL, The door a 47 is then" lowered and the pens are left in the oven until the bread is suitably baked.-

- Door47 is then raised up under the inverted channel lintel 19 whereupon the motion of :the chain is reversed, and thepans of baked bread removed from the trays, one after the a other, until all of the trays are out'of the baking-cha1nber.- As the traysmove out of vthe baking-chamber they arel c'a'rried by'the v ,a-chain's passing aroundthe-sprocket63 up 57, that extend in the directionof lengthof into the reheating chamber 33, and when interned in'the latter, door 49 is closed and keeps the trays and the parts, of the endless chain supporting the same at such a tem- I perature that very little heat is lost when said tray are lowered and loaded, one after the other, with fresh pans of. dough and i creasing- ,tl1e output of the oven, while atthe fueli .o I It will I and dimensions of thej'various parts'of my improved bakeflsovenran be made, and that under some conditions itmight be necessary to modify orfomit-Talt ogether some of the structural elements, hereinbefore described, "without departing from the spirit of my invention, as part1cularly=; pointed out in the claimsw-Allsuch modifications and changes "I desire; tjo contemplate as conung Wltl'lln the scope of myu'mprovements:

"W-hatI cl aim as new is: e v

bakers oven 'COIIIPIISIIIg a baking mloer,an overhead reheating-chamber, a of endless cha1ns,a transverse shaft heating 'cl'iamberlarge; sprocket wheels seaft by means M of which 1e oven re n pnecliambe1v to the other, a adapted to be carried by said sametime accomplishing a great saving of be obvious that changesin the size jour ria'led in frontoftheovenbetween the entrances of "said baking chamber and reof corrugations for chains from the reheating chamber to the baking-chamber and vice-versa, and tracks extending longitudinally through the balcing and heating chambers upon which the trays are supported and travel when within the chambers; said tracks extending forward beyond the chambers and on opposite sides of the axis'of the large sprocket wheels.

2'. A bakers oven comprising a baking chamber, an overhead reheating-chamber, a pair of endless chains, a transverse shaft journaled in front of the oven between the entrances of said baking-chamber and reheating-chamber, largesprocket wheels secured on said shaft by means of which alone said chains are conveyed in front of the oven from one chamber to the other, a series of trays adapted to be carried by said chains from the reheating chamber to the bakingchambcr and vice-versa, and longitudinally dlsposed tracks in said chambers upon which the ends of said trays rest when within the same, and which extend forward beyond said chambers, and the extensions of the upper track curve downward while the extensions of the lower track extend horizontally beneath the large sprocket-wheel and are COllSlhEIitblY longer than the curved upper extensions.

3. A bakers oven comprising a bakingchamber, an overhead re-heatingwhambcr, and a heating system therefor including a longitudinally arranged series of tubular fines constituting part of the ceiling of said baking-chamber, a cradle having a series supporting the ends of the pipes, and a' transverse platform upon which the cradle is mounted.

l. A bakers oven comprising a bakingrhamber, an overhead reheating-chamber, and a heating system therefor including a longitudinally arranged series of tubular fines constituting part of the ceiling of the overhead relic-ti ting chamber, a cradle having a series of corrugations for supporting the ends of the pipes, and a transverse platform above the entrance of said baking-chamber upon which said cradle is mounted.

i t bakers oven comprising a chamber, a suitably constructed entrance, a transverse platform extending from side to side of said chamber immediately to the rear of and above said entrance, and a series of longitudinally arranged pipes that constitute part of the heating system of the oven and form part of the ceiling of said chamber and have their rear ends extending into the rear wall of the chamber and their forward ends extending above said platform,,acradle mounted upon the platform having equi-distaut corrugations in which the pipe ends are seated. 1

'6. LA bakers oven comprising abakingchzhnber, a suitably constructed entrance, a

bakingsaid channels, transverse transverse platform extending from side to side of said chamber immediately to the rear of'and above the entrance of said chamber, and a series of longitiulinally arranged pipes that constitute part of the heating system of the oven and form part of the ceiling of said chamber and have their rear ends extending into the rear wall of the chamber, and a cradle resting upon said platform and having a series of equi-distant corrugations in which the front ends of said pipes are seated.

7. A bakers oven comprising a plurality of chambers, an inverted channel-iron bridging over each of the entrances thereof, transverse platforms extending from side to side of the chambers the front edges of which lap over and rest upon the rear portions of fines immediately above said platforms, a vertically elongated soot-chamber in the rear wall of said oven and series of longitudinally arranged pipes the forward ends of which are supported by said platform which connect said transverse fines and soot-chamber and constitute part of the ceiling of said chambers.

8. A bakers oven comprising a plurality of chambers, an inverted channel-iron bridging over each of the entrances thereof,transverse platforms extending from side to side of the chambers the front edges of which lap over and rest upon the rear portions of said channels, transverse fines immediately above saidplatforms, a vertically elongated soot-chamber in the rear wall of said oven, a cradle supported upon said platform, and series of longitudinally arranged pipes the forward ends of which are seated in said cradle which connect said transverse lines and soot-chamber and constitute part of the ceiling of said chambers- 9. A bakers oven comprising a plurality of chambers, an inverted channel-iron bridging over each of the entrances thereof, transverse platforms extending from side to side of-the chambers the front edges of which lap over and rest upon the rear portions of said channels, transverse fines immediately above said platforms, a vertically elongated sootchamber 1n the rear wall of said oven,

a cradle supported upon said platform, se-

ries of longitudinally arranged pipes the lap over and rest upon the rear portions of said channels,transverse fiues immediately above said platforms, a vertically elongated soot-chamber in the rear wall of said oven,

\ a cradle supported upon said platform, se-

ries of longitudinally arranged pipes the forwardend's of which are seated in said cradle which connect said transverse flues and soot-chamber and constitute part of the 10 ceiling of said chambers, and closed openings in the front and rear walls of the oven in alineinent with the pipes and permit access thereto.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8 day of June, 1915.

WILLIAM FERDINAND PETERSEN.

Witnesses LOUISE \VILSON, G120. T. VVrLsoN.

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