US1315862A - Radiosignaling System - Google Patents

Description

J H. ROGERS HADIOMNALINL; SYSHM.

AIILICMION FILED IAN; Il. 191B,

JAMES HARRIS ROGERS, OF HYATTSVILLE, MARYLAND.

RADIOSIGNALING- SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

Application filed January 17, 1918. .Serial No. 212,198.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, J AMES HARRIS ROGERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hyattsville, in the county of Prince Georges and State of Maryland, have invented new and useful Improvements in Radiosignaling Systems, of which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to radio signaling systems in which radio conductors or antennae are employed in sending and receiving signals through space by means of electromagnetic waves, and it relates more particularly to the arrangement and disposition of such conductors or antennae.

My experiments have shown that coils of wire, of various shapes and sizes, act with a high degree of efiiciency as radio conductors when used beneath the surface of the earth, and possess the advantage of greatly reducing the static. Such coils may be buried in the earth, lowered into dry wells, or submerged in water in wells or in bodies of Water covering portions of the earths surface. The coils may be composed of bare wire so wound that the coils are separated from each other, such coils being used out of conta-ct with the ground or water, and preferably insulated wire when the coil is to be immersed in water or buried in the ground. l

In using these coils I may and preferably do include them in a closed oscillating circuit which is suitably associated with the signaling instruments.

The invention consists of the novel construction and i arrangement of apparatus and parts thereof for sending and receiving radio signals hereinafter described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which drawings- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View showing the radio conductor or coil beneath the earths surface but insulated therefrom, receiving instruments being associated with the radiating conductor;

Fig. 1a shows a conventional arrangement of sendinginstruments which may be substituted for the receiving instruments for transmitting signals, it being understood that either the receiving or sending instruments are employed with the arrangements shown inthe remaining figures;

Fig. 2 is a'. view similar to Fig. 1 but show ing the circuit of the radio conductor coil including a portion of the ground adjacent thereto, instead of being included in a complete magnetic circuitas shown in Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a' view similar to Fig. 1 showing the radio conductor coil buried in the earth but insulated therefrom;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to F ig. 3 showing the radio conductor coil immersed in water.

Referring to the drawings, 10 indicates the signal instruments, which in Fig. 1 are those for receiving signals, while in Fig. 1a the instruments for sending signals are shown. In Fig. 1, 11 is a detector of any type, preferably an audion, 12 a telephone, and 13 and 14 the usual condensers. Any desired type of instruments and arrangement of connecting circuits may be employed.

In Fiom 1a suitable sending instruments are conventionally shown. These comprise a generator 15, ,transformer 16, spark gap 17, condenser 18 and key 19.

The above-mentioned instruments are well known in the art of radio or magnetic wave signaling, and need not be further described.

The radio conductor or antenna is shown at 20, and as illustrated consists of a coil or spiral wound upon a suitable frame 21. The coil illustrated is flat, that is the turns lie in the same plane, and are secured to the frame 21 in any suitable manner as by being fitted in notches formed inthe frame for that purpose. While this is the preferred form of coil, `it will be understood that other forms may be adopted and may be found to Work satisfactorily. This coil is placed beneath the earths surface, as shown in Fig. 1 by being lowered into a well or other depression in the earth. The coil is preferably arranged in a vertical plane, and is placed at. right angles to the wave fronts of the electromagnetic waves to be radiated or received, in order to obtain the maximum effect. The well referred to is indicated at 22 and the surface of the earth at 23.

The radio conductor is 'connected in a closed oscillating circuit indicated in Fig. 1 by conductors 24 and 25 connected to the respective ends of the radio conductor 20, and to the coil 26 of the inductive coupling the other member of which is indicated at 27. The closed oscillating circuit thus includes the radio conductor coil and a coil of the inductive coupling or transformer through which the receiving or the transmitting circuits and instruments are associated for sending or receiving signals.

In the modification of circuits shown in Fig. 2, one terminal of the coil is connected to ground adjacent thereto, and one side of the circuit leading from the coupling coil 26 is connected to a second ground near the surface of the earth. The first mentioned ground is indicated at 28 and the second 1s indicated at 29. The earth connection between these two grounds 28 and 29 therefore takes the place of one side of the metallic circuit shown in Fig.l l and constitutes-a portion of the closed 'oscillating circuit 1n which the coil is included.

In Fig. 3, the radio conductor or coil is shown buried in the earth but insulated therefrom, instead of being lowered into a well or other cavity in the earth. In this connection it will be understood that the conductor constituting the coil as well as the circuit conductors 24 and 25 are insulated so that the wires themselves do not come in electrical contact with the ground.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 4 the coil is shown immersed in water,l this may be considered as a portion of the earths surface. Here also insulated conductors are employed.

Throughout these various arrangements I have found that in receiving signals the strength and clearness of the signals seems to improve as the depth below the surface of the earth is increased, and the static is greatly reduced by the employment ofthe coil below the surface of the earth. Tests which I have made with the'coil immersed to a depth of fifty feet in water have given excellent results.

In the practice of my invention I do not wish to be limited to the particular arrangements shown in the drawings or described above, but contemplate all such changes as are within the scope of the invention. The invention is applicable to trench warfare for communicating between different portions of a trench or between different trenches. It is also applicable to various types of land stations, and may be also used with advantage on portions of the earth where there is water, such as on ships at sea where the radio conductor may be mounted upon the ship in any suitable way or may be lowered overboard from a vessel. It will be understood also that it is not necessary that the sending and receiving instruments should be above ground as illustrated, as these may be under the surface of the ground in suitable chambers, bomb proof trenches or in caves, etc. As such applications of the invention are obvious it is thought unnecessary to illustrate them.

In the practice of the invention that static is greatly reduced and the directional effects obtained are excellent.

From the above it will be apparent that a radio conductor of great length may be employed beneath the surface of the earth without necessitating a corresponding amount of trench work or other labor for placing the conductor beneath the surface. It will also be understood that the conductor may be made of any desired length according to conditions or requirements.

|The term radio conductor has been employed throughout the specification and claims synonymously with the term antenna to indicate the conductor from which the oscillations are radiated in sending messages and are received when receiving messages.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A radio signaling system comprising a coiled radioconductor beneath the surface of the earth and connected in a closed oscillating circuit.

2. A radio signaling system comprising a coiled radio conductor buried beneath the surface of the earth but insulated therefrom and connected ina closed oscillating circuit. y

3. A radio signaling system comprising a coiled radio conductor immersed in water but insulated therefrom and connected in a closedv oscillating circuit.

4:. A radio signaling system comprising a coiled radio conductor beneath the surface of the earth but insulated therefrom and connected in a closed oscillating circuit, and electromagnetic wave signal instruments inductively associated with said oscillating circuit.

5. A radio signaling system comprising a radio conductor connected in a closed oscillating 'circuit and in the form of a flat coil or spiral beneath the surface of the earth but insulated therefrom and positioned at right angles to the wave fronts of the waves sent or received, and electromagnetic wave signal instruments associated with said conductor.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JAMES HARRIS ROGERS.

Qopiu o! this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner ot atents. Washington, D. 0.

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