US1634898A - Mineral separator - Google Patents

Description

Jul'y 5,1927, 1,634,898

V 5. R. DELAMATER MINERAL S EPARATOR Filed oct. 24. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet l Zac- July 5, 1927. 1,634,898

G. R. DELAMATER MINERAL SEPAR'ATOR Filed Oct. 24, 1922 2l Sheets-Sheet 2 Patente .hayv 5, 1927;

UNITED STATES GEORGE BLDELAMATER, oF'HARnIsBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

MINERL SEPARATOR.

Application' filedv October 24, 1922. SerialNo. 596,576.

This invention' isA a -mineral separator 'adapted -for wet and dry concentration. It is characterized, in its preferred form, by a table comprising a perforated plate or screen inclined from ya source of mineral supply to means for controlling the discharge of the separated materials, having sides converging to provide a gradually contracting courseof 'increased depth at the lower end thereof from the top of which the lighter of the separated' materials are discharged over the sides-or side gates andffrom the bottom of which the heavier of the separated materials f is discharged through 'apocket under controloiz' gates, in combination with means for delivering and disseminating a pulsating Huid' through the perforated bottom and the materials thereon to eiect their movement and separation.

V Desired results secured by my invention are the capacity for increasing the depth ot thematerials stratified in moving over the table in the contracted part or throat thereof, for separately discharging electively separated materials from the top andY bottom olf this deep section without discharging any middlings therewith and generally for eectively separating materials of widely varying percentages of refuse or concentrates, free of middlings heretofore discharged and requiring reworking, by an ap paratus and operation that is' simple and inexpensive as well as superior in etliciency.

A preferred form of apparatus adapted for the practice of the invention is set out in the following description and the accom- Ipanying illustrations thereof.

ln the drawings, Fig. l is a plan view ot vthe apparatus; Fig. 2 1s a vertical sectional View taken onthe line 2X- x oi Fig. l, and

Fig. 3 i s a front elevation of the construction.

.lin the apparatus illustrated in the drawings, a hopper A, having the bottom valve B, is supplied with the material to be separated, as coal mixed with heavier refuse or ore mixed with lighter refuse.

An'inclined screen dr perforated plate C is supported, with its top beneath the hopper A, b the frame D provided with transverse mem ers D', D, D". Boards E are supported b the frame' at the sides of the screen-an extend downwardly from the hopper on'opposite sides of the, valve the d istance over which the material will move in the operation of stratifying it, these boards or sides being of sutlicient height to prevent such material from escaping thereover.

.Fixed plates E and adjustable gate boards F extend in converging relation from the `boards E downwardly to provide a down'- wardly tapering course or section with side gates or weirs at the lower end of the channel formed by their combination with the sides E and the screen C. A frame G supported above the relatively flat lower end section C of the screen combines with the frame D and sides E to support the plates E and gates F. The plates E are overlapped by the gates F in the lower positions. thereof, and the gates are adjusted to such positions that their horizontal tops, will have the elevation appropriate to the material to be treated and the general design ot the machine, involving the inclination of the screen C, the distance between the boards E and the angular relation of the parts F, such parts being adjustable vertically along the end guides F and F.

A gate H, of angular horizontal cross-section adapted to divide the lighter separated materials, extends between the lower ends of the gates F and is adjustable in the vertical ways H to provide the desired opening between its bottom and the screen for the passage of the concentrates ot heavier mate- ,the sides of the frame G and is movable vertically in the ways lf to control the discharge of the concentrates that work under the gat-e H into the pocket J, formed by these gates together with the sides of the frame G and the lower end of the screen C. A chute K, fixed tothe sides of the frame G at the lower end of the screen C, is adapted for discharging the concentrates which work under the gate H, into the pocket J and over the gate or weir l.

Perforated plates or screens L, L and L are set in the frame D across the spaces of diierent cross-section separated by the parts D and D. Chambers or hoppers M, M and lt' ff taper downwardly from these plates.

which extend across or over the tops of said hoppers with the main conduit O containing a' rotary valve P through which a' pulsatiigglllp 4tions of the screen C and section of the minerals thereon.

This construction permits the force of the Huid to be adjusted so as to effect the appropri/ate lifting force upon successive sections of the materials and the movement of the materia-ls from the hopper A, over the screen C, with stratification of each material, the discharge of theseparated lighter material over the gates F and of theheavier material under the gate H, through the pocket J and over 'the gate I. The areas of the screens L beneath the materials between. the gates F are made smaller than those of the screens L beneath the materials between the sides E, and the still smaller screen L as well as the cross section of' the space between the parts D are directly beneath and substantially the same as the cross-section of the pocket J.

In operation, the materials to be separated are delivered from the hopper A under the valve B properly adjusted to regulate the feed over the screen C, the perforations of which are of such size as to prevent the passage of the materials therethrough, air (for the use of which the design is appropriate) flowing from the tank l) through the rotating valve P, the conduits 0 and N, the chambers M, M and M, the screens L, L and L and the screen C. The pulsations of the compressed air of suitable pressure, say from G0 to 100 pounds per square inch, ei feets the movement of the materials over the screen C and the stratification oi such materials. These materials are in stratified condition when they reach the throat or contracting lower section of `the table and the bed of materials becomes deeper as it passes therethrough so that at the lower end or" said throat, where the concentrates or heavier materials escape under the gate H, such heavier materials alone escape, as the mid dlings` or imperfectly separated materials will lie between the controlling edges of the gates l" and H with room to move vertically under the forces to which they are subjected appropriate to their depth and separate effectively within the throat so that vthe lighter material as coal will be carried over the gates F and the heavier refuse under the gate H, both free of iniddlings. The seal of heavier materials in the pocket J is subjected to the pulsatory action appropriate thereto by the relatively small passage therefor and is moved thereby and by the pressure of the mateiials flowing under the gate H, over the gate Separations can be effected in this manner without the necessity for reworking middlings, which are worked in the operation.

though there may be a large amount and wide variation in the content of concentrates or refuse.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In a mineral separator, an .inclined screen having sides providing a channel that has a lower contracting section of increasing depth, a gate extending across Said section at the lower endthereof with its lower edge disposed so as to permit the movement thereunder of materials on 'said screen, and a second gate with its upper edge disposed above the lower edge et said gate first named so as to form therewith a mineral seal between said gates.

2. In a mineral separator, an inclined table comprising a channel havin a perforated bottom and a contractedseetion with a side gate for the discharge of the lightest of the separated substances from the to of the bed in said section, a gate exten ing across the lower end of said channel above the bottom thereof between which the heaviest of the separated substances is discharged from the bottom of the bed and a gate coacting with said gate second named to provide a pocket for holding a seal of said heaviest substance and for permitting the top of said seal to escape thereover.

3. In a mineral separator, a table having a perforated bottom, a gate under which the heaviest of the substances is discharged from the stratified bed on said' bottom, a gate extending from said perforated bottom to the lower edge of and coacting with said gate `first named to provide a pocket for holding a. seal of said heaviest substances, means comprising a passage under said pocket for distrilmting a fluid under pressure through said:l bottom andmeans for pulsating said tui 4. ln a mineral separator, ra table having an inclined perforated bottom, gates at the lower end thereof, adapted Jfor holding a mineral seal for the hed oi minerals on said bottom, perforated means beneath said bottom` members forming passages of different cross sectional areas for delivering a fluid under pressure through said means and bottom, and means for pulsating said fluid.

5. ln a mineral separator, a table having an inclined perforated bottom, gates at the lower end thereof cooperating to form a pocket to which the heavier oi3 the separated substances is adapted to pass under one of said gates and from which said substance is permitted to e'scape over the other of said gates, and means for delivering pulsating fluid pressure through said bottom to stratifv materials thereon and to the material in said pocket. said means comprising passages beneath said bottom diminishing in cross `section toward the lower end thereof, including a passage below said pocket of approximately the same cross sectional area,

lll() as said pocket, screening means extending across sald passages, and meansV for regulating the Huid flowing through said passages.

6.. In a mineral separator, a Itable having an inclined perforated bottom, gates at the lower end thereof forcontrolling the discharge of separated materials from 4the stratified bed on said bottom, a pocket for holding a seal of the heaviest of said mate- 10 rials delivered i thereto under one :of said gates and therefrom over another of said gates, hoppers beneath said bottom diminishing in cross sectional area toward the lower end of said` table, conduits provided with valves for delivering a iuid under control to said hoppers and bottom and means for deliverin v pulsating Huid pressure 'through said con uits.

Signed at Harrisburg, in the county of Dauphin and State of Pennsylvania, this 21st day of October, 1922.

i G. R. DELAMATER',

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