US1693731A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 4,1928. 1,693,731

C. F. SIOBERG LOCK Filed Sept. 20, l92-4 3 Shee'LS--Sl'leefl 2 MSWQS 142 28 ,f1-3

INVENTOR Patented Dec. 4, 1928.

UNITED STATESv v1,693,731 PATENT oF-Fica CHARLES FREDERICK SIOBEEG, OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO'iYORK SAIE i AND LOCK CO.,OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OE DELAWARE.

Loox.

Appiicanon iiieiisepiembr eo, i924. Y serial Np. 7,325,736.

This invention relates to a lock, andv aims to provide an improved device of this character which Will incorporate aV changeable combination or permutation in that the mechanism thereof will be such that it may be set to be operated by means of diiferent keys.v i It is an object of the invention .to provide an improved .deviceof the type stated which will citer a freedom from mechanical difliculties.

A further object resides in the construction oit a lock the permutation mechanism of which may readilybe reset without subse quent manual adjustments or disassembly of the lock being necessary. f

A still further object'is to be predicated on the provision of an improved lock which may not be readily opened without the use `of the proper keys.'

An additional object is that ot'providinga lock which will` efficient-ly perform the pur.- poses for which it is intended, and which will also be economically and readilyymanufactured and assembled. y

Other objects of the invention will in p art lbe obvious and willl part `appear herein- V after.

The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangement of parts which will be exemplied inthe construction hereinafter set forth andthe scope of the applicationof which will .be indicated in the claims.`

For aV fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention reference should' be had to the following detailed description' taken lin connection with the accompanying drawings, in which: y i

Fig. 1 is a front eleva-tion of one forni of lock, embodying the improved construction of the present invention, with portions of the cover thereof cutaway morder to disclose the underlying mechanism; n

Fig. 2 is a partly sectional view similar to Fig. 1, but showing the cover removed;

Fig. 3 shows the loch with the auxiliary tumblers, washers, and stump members ifemovedy therefrom Fig. 4lillustrates the parts with the :main washer removed and the'guard tumbler in its locked or initial position; i i v Fig'. 5 is a View corresponding to Fig. 4, but showing the guard tumbler in its secondary as well as unlocked positions;l 4 i Fig.r 6 is a view correspondingto Fig. V 2,

but showing the bolt in its normally retracted position;v Y l f Fig. 7 is al similar-view, but Ashowing the boltin its lfully retracted position, andwith the main stump member fully retracted with respect to the master tumbler;

Fig. 8 is a transverse section taken on the lines 8--8 and inthe direction of the arrows indicated inFig. 2; y 'L Fig'. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8, but taken "along the lines 9-9 and inftlie the arrows indicated in Fig.V 6'; i Figs. 10 and -11 are fragmentary sectional plan views of the bolt and casing, adillii'strating the cooperationibetween certain operations of the lock mechanism when the rfp'laf'rts assume either Ythe position shown lin Figs. 1 to 6, orin Fig. 47, respectivel-y;`

i Fig. 12 is a view similar toFig. 6,but shoyv` ing the mechanism during theresettingoperations; .Y V A 13 illustrates one of the washers vused in associationYwith the stumpmembers ;n and Fig. 14 shows in detail the construction'of the bolt-shank. i l

In the present instance the `invention has" been exemplified as incorporated in a lock of that nature which is particularly ladapted for use Iinassociation with safe deposit boxes. It will Vbe understood, ',howevei, that the invention might be applic-dto advantage in numerous different other associationshand that the construction ofthe vlock might nbe moditied to meer `the variousconditions ofoperation encountered. Y

y.'lhusin the present instance, the referonce numeral '16 indicates a lock casing having an angular end-portion 17 forii'ied` with an opening for the passage ot a bolt-headlS, it being noted that the outer edge oft' this head is also formed to extend in a plane/substantially parallel to that of the outer edge of the casing. y

In order to effect aretraction and projection of the `bolt-'headtlie latter conveniently has a rearwardly-extending shank` in the na- -tureuof a plate 19, which may lie adjacent,

and-is movable relatively to, lthe inner face of the casing. The outer plate 20 which is carried by the lock'casing 16 is-h'eld immovable relatively to the same preferably by the use ofscrews 21 anda projecting portion 22, and is formed with an opening serving as a mountingfor a hub-bearing 23 and a kevhub 24. This hub extends transversely of the italon.

lock and carries at its inner end a talon 25 so that, assuming a key of the proper type be inserted into the key-slot 26 which forms a part ofthe hub 24, the latter may beturned in order to correspondingly rock the talon 25, which latter lies adjacent the inner faceot the casing 16 and the plate 19 which forms the shank of the bolt. l

This shank is provided with a recess, the forward edge 27 of which has a curvature corresponding to the degree of curvature of the path of travel of the outer edge-portion of the talon 25, and the edge of this recess, as, for example in Fig. et, normally lies at points where it will be concentric with the axis and in sliding contact with the outer edge of the The recess formed in the shank is continued at points beyond the edge 27 in the form of a notch 28, the rear edge of which, in the present instance, is of materially greater length than the forward edge thereof,

and the rear edge of this recess is curved as at 29, the degree of curvature being equal to the degree of curvature of the edge 27, the

purpose of this construction being herein afterV brought out. l

However, at this time it will be understood that, in operation, with the talon moving in .the manner aforcdescribed, the same will have a path of travel under which its outer edge will be in sli-ding contact with the for- Ward edge v27 of the vshank recess, and this travel may be continued until the rear edge of the talonengages the rear wall of the notched portion 28` at which point pressure will be brought to'bear upon the latter', re-

sulting in a retraction of the bolt-shank, and, consequently, the head 18 carried thereby. Under this condition it will be obvious that the forward edge 27 of the recess has been moved to a` point at which it intersects the path of travel of the talon. Due to the fact that if a projection of the bolt is desired the talon will engagethe forward edge of the notched portion 28 until it is capable of slid-V ing beyond the outermost port-ion of the same, it will be'obvious that the parts will return tol their normal position and the bolt may thus be again projected.

Now, with va view to providing nieans which will serve to prevent a retraction of the bolt unless exactly those keys are utilized which are necessary for this operation, it will be observed that in the present instance the bolt-shank at a point in advance of its recess portion mounts a series of stump members, which, for present purposes, may be divided into twoA groups, one of which coinprises that stump member which cooperates with the guard tumbler, the secondy group embracing the stump members which coop crate withthe auxiliary` tumblers,-the two "groups being preferably separated by means of a washer 30, which may'also be supported by the bolt-shank. One of the most conven- 31, having one of their ends secured to the shank, theirI bodies extending through openings in the body of the main stump member 32 and similar openings in the body of the washer 30, the pins *atl points beyond the washer 30 extending through slots 33 formed inthe bodies 34k of the auxiliary stump members. The guard tumbler previously referred'to embraces a body 35, which is carried within the casing by meansof a transversely-extending pin 36, which latter extends througha slot 37 formed in the rear end of the body 35, the-guard tun'ibler being further supported by having its lower edge normally resting upon the extension of the key-hub 24. The rear end of the main. separating washer 30 may also be supported by the pin 36 by having its rear edge formed with a notch 38, thus providing arms, the inner e-dges of which ride upon the pin. Similarlyv to the guard tumbler 35, the bodies 39 of the auxiliary tumblers have their lower edges normally resting upon the extension of the hub member 24, and the rear ends of each of the'auxiliary tumblers are formed with openings of a size equal to the size of the pin. 36, so that they rock therearound, it being thus obvious that -serve to prevent any binding of the parts, as

well as any possibility of an appreciable sidewise movement and ymisalignment of the stump members. In addition to the forcgoing, washers 40 are preferably of such a size, as has been clearly brought. out in Fig. 13, as to substantially cover the area embraced by the auxiliary stump members. fis a con sequence, it is impracticable for a person to 'determine the setting` of the lock by merely examining the same, in that it liecomes necessary to remove the washers covering each stump member in order to ascertain the disposition thereof. lVhile on this subject it will also be noted that theauxiliarytumblers may be separatedfrom one another by means of the washers l1 mounted upon the pin 36 and interposed one between each pair of tumblers so that any binding ofthese parts is also prevented. Y

The forward edge of each of the tul blers 39 is formed with a notch l2 of a sizesr lient to accommodate the stump 4.3 of an adjacent auxiliary locking stump 311, it being noted in this latter connection-and attention being particularlyinvite-d to Figs. 1 and 2--that` lil() 'normal locked position of the `parts itV has itsA rear edge lying adjacent to, and bearing against, a Yforward edge-portion of the adjacent auxiliary tumbler 39. As a consequence, it will be obvious that, the stump members Abeingcarried by the bolt and the tumbler members being carried by the casing, la retraction of the Vboltis preventedincident to this engagement. However, assuming that the stump and tumbler members are so moved 4relatively toeach other that the rear ends of in a recess formed in the bolt-headfand acting Y against the stem 46 which. supports the dog.

`rlhe Vforward edge of each of the rauxiliary stump members presentsv a series of teeth 47, and the rear face ot the dog has a transverse groove, provided, in the present instance, by utilizing a pair ofribs ,48, so that, due to the fact that the teeth 47 lie adjacent this rear tace, itv will beunderstood that one ot the series of teeth presented by each auxiliary stump member will extend into the groove presented by the locking dog in order to normally prevent any movement of the parts Awith respect to each other.

The main stump memberBQ has a stump 49 correspondingto the stumps 43 of `the auxiliary members,y and of such al size as to be readily accommodated within a notch 50 in the -orward edge of the guard tumbler, itvbeing thusappreciated that it the guard tumbler is brought to a'point` at which theV mouth of this notch lies adjacent the rear edge or the stump 49, and furthermore, that it' the auxiliary tumblers are arrangedin what may be termed a Apermutation corresponding to thepermutation provided by the different relative positions occupied by the stump members 34, in'which vpositions the auxiliary tumblers willhave their mouths adjacent vthe, rear edgesof the stumps 43 of these members, the bolt may be retracted by swinging the talon 25in the manner aforedescribed. j, Y

Theproper positioning ofthese tumblers will always be assured, in thatl the permutation under which the stump members are arranged will correspond to the permutation provided by the key bittings. More particularly, any key of thev propertype willserve to swing the talon to la certainextent, and` in ,such swinging the `key.` bittings engaging the loweredges of the vrespective auxiliary tumblers will move the same againstftheaction of the springs 53 tooocupy various-posi-A tions, but upon the talon engaging the. rear edge of the notched portion of the shank re- .c'ess itwill be obvious that the bolt lmay not be retracted, due to the tact that the notches i of the variousauxiliarytnmblers will not1be Y in positions at which theirmouths will be adjacent the rear edges of the stumps, and,;c.on' sequent-ly, the latter will engage the forward or outer edges of the tumblers: to prevent any rearward movement ot' the bolt. However, it ay key with its bittings formed to correspond to the permutation under which the stump members are disposed is` inserted through the nose or' the key-l1ub,`it` will be obvious that these bittings,upon the key and hub member being -turned,will cause the vauxiliary tumblers to occupy positions. at

which the mouth of the notch of each of the same will come tolie adjacent the stump of the corresponding lmember so that,` accord kingly, the boltmay be freely retracted incident to the fact that the stumps willenter the notches of the tumblers.

In locks oi" this nature itis customary to'y provide two keys, each of which must be used in order to effect a retraction hot the bolt. For this reason there hasfbeen provided in the present instance the guard tumblerand the guard stump member previously referred to. The initial key, `which is commonly known as the guard key, will be primarily inserted through the nose of the hub when the latter is in the position shown in F ig. 1, and

the hitting of this key will be of such a nature o that an extended portion thereof will ride against the under edge of the guard tumbler `35 andA swing the same upwardly from theV f position shown in F.ig. `4 to that illustrated in] F ig. -,land a subsequent reversal in the turm ingmovement ot the hub member will `cause the extended portion of ythis hittingr to en.- gage a projection 51 extending from the under edge of the mastertumbler to -t-h-us carry the same forward tothe position indicated in dotted lines in the ligure last-'mem tioned, in which position the stump 49 of the member 82 will lie within the mouth of the notch 50, it being noted that for thisand an additional purpose thenotch may be slightly enlarged or oiset as at 52 adjacent itsmouth portion.` The guard key is now retracted tromwithin the hub24, and a'second key, i.l e., the renters key-for example` that illustrated in F ig. 9fis now inserted 4in, the hub and turned inorder tofproduce the results described in the preceding paragraphs, it'being thus appreciated that the master or guard tumbler 35 and stump .49 are initially `disposed in .proper relation, Vand that, subsequently,'the auxiliary tumblers and jstump members are likewise disposed in order to permit a retractionof the bolt. Itwill fursaA v"tlierniore be understood that when the bolt has been projected by means of the renters key all of the tumblers arereturned to their normal position, this result being obvious in connection with the auxiliary tumblers, and being apparent in connection with the main or guard tumbler in that, in the present instance, the main tumbler is formed with a slot 37 rather than a mere opening accommodating thepin 36. In other words, while, in the position of the parts illust-rated in Fig. 4 the pin bears against the forward edge of this slot, `which condition is continued throughout the operation illustrated in full lines -in Fig. 5, this edge of the slot is moved out of Contact with the pinwhen the parts reach theposition illustrated in dotted lines in this last-mentioned ligure. However, due to the frictional engagement of the parts, cont-act will be resumed between the forward edge of the slot 37, andthe pin 36 upon the bolt being retracted, and, in fact, it is for this purpose that the offset portion 59, is provided adjacent the mouth of the notch 50, it being understood'that thisfoiiset'portion, while not interfering with the positive entry of ther stump'49 into the notch, will, nevertheless, assure av slightv rearward movement of the main tumbler 35 so thatwhen the bolt is again projectedthis tumbler may fall orbe rmoved under the influence of its spring 53 to the position shown in Fig. 4.

Arretraction of the bolt beyond the position` indicated in Fig. 6 is prevented by virtue of the fact that the bolt-shank is formed with l al rearwardly-ilicing shoulder 54 at its lower edge, and this shoulder is normally engaged by a movable stop member These parts y are so Varranged that when the mechanism reaches the position illustrated in Fig. 6 a

further retraction ofthe bolt is prevented, itv

being understood, however, that this retraction is adequate'to permit of an opening of the closure with which the lock is associated. If now it is desired to change the permutation of the lock, this may be. done, in a semi-automatic manner, by simply swinging the stop member 55 to a position beyond the shoulder 54, as in Fig. 7. This swinging operation is accomplished Vpreferably in that the inner wall of the casing carries a hub-bearing 56 and a. key-hub 57, so that upon the latter being turned against the tendency of the spring 58, and incident. to the fact that the. stop is carried by thehub member, this stop may be swungto the position previously referred to. As a consequence, a continued turning of the key by means of which the bolt has been retracted will permit the talon 25 to slidably bear againstV the rear edge of the notch portion 28 until the rear edge 29 of the recess is moved to a position permitting the outer edge of the talon to slide over the same. Under this condition the bolt and shank will be retracted to the extent shown in Fig. 7, in which position of the parts the stop 55 is prevented from interfering with the rearward movement or the shoulder andthe key which has been `with a proj ectionl, also riding within this slot. During normal operation-of the parts, i. e., locking and unlocking movements of the bolt, this mechanism in the present instancc'will not have any particular function other than serving as a guidej However, if the parts are moved from the position shown in Figli to-that illustrated in Fig. 7, the extension 59 will engage with the projection G1 so that upon the bolt being fully retracted the dog 44 will have its stem 46 retracted against the pressure exerted by the spring 45. 1 This retraction will obviously resultin-the teeth of the auxiliary stump members moving out of engagement with the lgroove presented-by the dog so that the stump members will be free to l ride upon the pins 31, and due to the fact that the stumps 43 are extending into the notches v members, with the exception of that indicated` at 32, will be in their neutral position,it being understood that it is necessary to.

change the setting of the locking stump 49 or the guard tumbler, due to the fact that in the present instance, a guard key of a particular type'will always be used. l

A renters key having different fittings from that previously used may now be inserted in the key slot of the extension of that hub member, and it will be obvious that upon turning this element in order to project the bolt the following sequence of operations will result: First, the various auxiliary tumblers, together with the stump members will rbe moved to assume a permutation corresponding to the positions occupied by thenew key fittings. After once assuming these positions the stump members will have their teeth engaged by the groove of the dog 44, which is moved from the position shown in Fig. 11 to that illustratedr in Fig. 10. Subsequently, the stop 55 will swing to a positionbehind the shoulder 54 due to the tendency exerted'by the.

In this pofact that the'permutationof the lock has been automatically reset, it is no longer practicable to effect aretraction of the bolt by the use of the guard key and previously employed renters key, this bolt may readily be retracted by en'iploying the guard key, together with that renters key which has been utilized toreset the permutation.

' From the'foregoing it will be'understood that a lock is provided vofthe change-key type, and this lock is of such a nature that no danger exists of the setting becoming disarranged 'in that lthe permutation under which y When this mechanism is adjusted or `rearrangedto be operatedv by *means of lthe keyv having a different 'arrangement' of from that previously used.

In other Words." according to the illustrated bittings embodiment the locking stumps `vvillj'be pre-V vented from movement relatively to each other andto the bolt, even though the guard key and renters key are freely used. However, these members may be automaticallyY reset and moved with respectv to the bolt after the stop 57 has been turned to permit of the bolt being fully retracted, and this resetting will be accomplished before the normal operating position is again reached, i. e., before the different renters key has projected the bolt-shank to a position at which the stopmember 55 comes to lie behind the shoulder Quiteirrespective of the foregoing it Will be additionally observedy that in the presentVV exen'ipliication, incident to the fact that the y tumblers are mounted at a point remote from the points of engagement With the locking stumps, and still more remote from the points of mounting of the latter, a maximum movement of the tumblersy and, during resetting operations, a `maXimum movement `of the stump members,` is assured. Thus, it is practicable ,toA make the parts relatively rugged of construction, and assurance may be had that the mechanism of the `lock Will function With a freedom from mechanical ditliculties. ,l Y c From the foregoing it Will be appreciated that the objects of this invention have been accomplished, and since certain changes may be made in the above 4construction and different embodiments of the invention could be made Without departingl from the scope thereof, it is intended that allmatter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be `interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

bolt tofia `predetermined point; Without dis-` turb'ingl said `first-namedmeans, means Where-` .eratively connecting ,Withfsaid locked means i Itisalso tobeunderstood that the followi ying claims are intended "to coverv all of the generic fand specific features "of the `invention'here'in described, and all statements of the scope of the invention which as a matterof languagemight be said toffall therebe- Having describ'edgmy invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s: Q

A locl\:,"1ncluclmg, 1n combination, a casldcked means normally preventing a retraction of said bolt, means yfor retractmg said inganda boltmovable With respect thereto, A

`enE

by said'bolt maybe retractedbeyond'said pref determined point, and means associa-ted withv said casing adyacent said Ibolt, said meansopl during such further'retraction of th'eboltto automatically unlock saidlocked means. L 2. A lock, including, in combination, acasin g, a kboltslidable Within said casing, a series 1 of members movably carried by said bolt, a series of tumblers carried by said casing and normally cooperating With said members to prevent, a retraction of said bolt, means mounted for movement in a straight line slidably associated with said bolt andnormallycooperating With said members to lock the y same against movement With respect to saidk bolt, and means associatedwith said casing and cooperating with said last-named means to move the same with respect to said bolt and unlock said members during-a certain stage in the retraction of said bolt. f

3. A lock, including, in combination, a casf ing, a bolt slidable Within said casing, a series of members'movably carried by said bolt, a

ueA

series of tumblers carried by said casing and y normally cooperating with said members to preventa retraction `of Vsaid bolt, means mounted for movement in a straight line slidably associated With said bolt and normally cooperating with saidv members to lock the salme against movement with respect to said bolt, said bolt being formed with anl opening,

and a pin carried by said casing and extending throughsaid opening and in thepathof travel o'tsaid last-named means whereby during'a certain stage in the retraction of said bolt said pin will engage said rmeans to unlock said members. y Y,

4.. A lock, including, in combination, a casing, a bolt slidably mounted Within'said casing, stump members movably carried by said bolt, a plurality of tumblers associated with said casing and normally cooperating `with said members to prevent a retraction of said bolt, said ltumblers being formed with notches for the'accommodation ofthe stumps of. said members Vwhereby said bolt may be retracted to a predetermined point, a locking dog associated With said bolt and engaging said members to normally prevent movement. thereof, and means for automatically moving sald dog out of locking engagement with said A. bolt, said tumblers being formed with notches for the accommodationiof the stumps of said members whereby said bolt may be retracted to a predetermined point, a spring-pressed locking dog` slidably carried by said bolt and n bearing against said members to normally prevent a movement'thereof, and means for forcing said dog out of contact with said members upon said bolt vbeing retracted beyond a predetermined point. f

6. A lock, including, in combination, a casing, a bolt sli'dably mounted within said casing, stump members movably carried by said bolt, a plurality of tumblers associated with said casing and normally cooperating with said members to prevent al retractionl of said bolt, said tumblers being formed withnotches for the accommodation of the stumps `of said members whereby said bolt may beretracted to'a predetermined point, a locking dog asso-V ciated with said bolt and engaging saidme'mbers to normally prevent movement thereof, said bolt being formed with a slot, and a pin carried by said casing and extending through said slot into the path of travel ofsaid locking dog whereby when the .bolt is retracted beyond a predetermined point said pin will move said dog out of engagement with said members.

ing and a bolt movable with respect thereto, lackedv means normally preventing aretraction oi' said bolt, means for retractmg ksaid bolt to a predetermined` point without dis-g lturbing said irst-named means, andjfurther CHARLES' 'FREDERICK sIoBjnne.- Y

, 4o 7. A lock, including, in combination, a cas-V CERTIFICATE 0F CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,693,731. Granted December 4, 1928, to

CHARLES FREDERICK SIOBERG.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the *above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 4, line 103, for

the word "necessary" read "unnecessary", line 108, for the word "fittings" read "bittings", and line 130, for the vwords "Figs, 1 and 4" read "Figs 1 to 4"; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same maj,I conform to the record o1 the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 5th day of February, A. D. 1929.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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