US1826239A - Assiotob to btoelieb co - Google Patents
Assiotob to btoelieb co Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1826239A US1826239A US1826239DA US1826239A US 1826239 A US1826239 A US 1826239A US 1826239D A US1826239D A US 1826239DA US 1826239 A US1826239 A US 1826239A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- lead
- copper
- alloys
- btoelieb
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 36
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
- 206010039897 Sedation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001519451 Abramis brama Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000776 Common brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000792 Monel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241001272996 Polyphylla fullo Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282941 Rangifer tarandus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000537 White brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the alloy is particularly useful-in the man.- ufacture of bath room and plumbing articles, but is not limited to such applications, since it can be employed to take the place of the so-called white brass, German silver, and
- lhe alloy is characterized by possessing a color 'which is whiter than the well known 35 nickel plate, and has been found under test to resist corrosion in the atmosphere, salt waterspray, fumes and gases, as well as acids commonly found in the lavatories and water supply systems.
- the metal under such tests '20) has been found to be superior to any of the usual alloys employed for this purpose.
- the usual brass cast'-' v ings and cores may be employed, and no special moulding conditions are necessary.
- regular brass moulds are satisge factory, a particularly coarse sand is not required, and usual aggravating moulding-conditions such as venting to exit gases is eliminated.
- the melting conditions do not require any special attention, it being possible to melt the alloy in a large furnace in batches of one thousand pounds (1000 lbs.) or less, whereas with many alloys melts over one hundred and fifty pounds (150 lbs.) have been impracticable, due to the rapidity of the metal cooling below pouring temperature.
- the present alloy possesses physical qualities which will be later described, which enable it to be machined at thesame speeds and feeds as regular brass or bronze, and on the same machines with identical tools.
- Lead materially aids machining, but also repulses copper when in the molten state, and unless thoroughly amalgamated, produces lumps of lead segregated from the copper, generally called lead swets.
- lead swets For this reason, tin is employed to amalgamate the lead, since tin has an afinity for lead and copper, and the addition of a small percentage of tin up to 3% amalgamates the lead with the other elements, and the combination produces a homogeneous metal with the added advantages of maintaining for indefinite periods its silver-like luster. whiten the copper.
- Zinc is used as a flux and cleaner for the copper, and materially aids foundry conditions. Its use with lead, moreover, cheapens the mixture and permits the production of a less expensive but superior alloy to many of those now in use.
- the present invention has a close resemblance in physical characteristics to commercial bronzes, and for the purpose of lavatory and plumbing fixtures and articles, is both cheaper and more commercially reliable than those heretofore used.
Description
Patented Oct. 6, 1931 urra srA'rEs PArNr OFFICE JOSEPH H. CHEETHAM, O15 DECATUR, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO MUELLER COL, OF
DECATUR, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS 1 WHITE BRONZE Ho Drawing.
tics.
The alloy is particularly useful-in the man.- ufacture of bath room and plumbing articles, but is not limited to such applications, since it can be employed to take the place of the so-called white brass, German silver, and
Monel metal, as well as, many other commercial alloys sold under various trade names.
lhe alloy is characterized by possessing a color 'which is whiter than the well known 35 nickel plate, and has been found under test to resist corrosion in the atmosphere, salt waterspray, fumes and gases, as well as acids commonly found in the lavatories and water supply systems. The metal under such tests '20) has been found to be superior to any of the usual alloys employed for this purpose.
Heretofore, with most alloys it has been" necessary to cast with the greatestcare, and expert workmanship, as well as costly ma- 25 chinery and processes, have been necessary.
With the present alloy, the usual brass cast'-' v ings and cores may be employed, and no special moulding conditions are necessary. In other words, regular brass moulds are satisge factory, a particularly coarse sand is not required, and usual aggravating moulding-conditions such as venting to exit gases is eliminated.
Moreover, the melting conditions do not require any special attention, it being possible to melt the alloy in a large furnace in batches of one thousand pounds (1000 lbs.) or less, whereas with many alloys melts over one hundred and fifty pounds (150 lbs.) have been impracticable, due to the rapidity of the metal cooling below pouring temperature.
The present alloy possesses physical qualities which will be later described, which enable it to be machined at thesame speeds and feeds as regular brass or bronze, and on the same machines with identical tools.
An important feature of the invention resides in its property of permitting polishing and bufing with the same ease customary with common brass or bronze. The luster is Application filed April 16,
1929. Serial No. 355,671.
long wearing, and under careful tests, has surpassed nickel and chromium plating. If for any reason, after a long interval, a dullness appears, ordinary household cleaning compounds can be employed to restore the finish, and if the article formed of my improved alloy is kept cleaned with soap and water at regular intervals, there will be no tarnish or dullness as the metal is solid all the way through.
I have found that this improved alloy is slightly tougher than common bronzes, has equal elasticity and elongation when stretched and substantially the same hardness. A 'comparsion of a test is given below:
White Red bronze bronze Tensile strength 32,000 30,000 Elastic limit 26,000 22,000 Elongation in 2 Brinell hardness 58% 53% The composition of my improved alloy is as follows Copper to 58% Tin 0.5 to 3% Zinc ..12 to 20% Iron 0.0 to 0.75% Nickel" 12 to 19% Manganese 0.0 to 0.5% Lead 8 to 13% l have found that an alloy prepared with ingredients in the following proportions will also be quite satisfactory:
Gopper; 52 to Tin 1.5 to 2.5% Leadflm 10 to 12% Zinc 15 to 19% Iron-n; 0.0 to 0.75% Nickel 15 to 13% Manganese 0.0 to 0.25%
under mild acids and from exposure to the atmosphere. I have also determined that iron is a detriment to the metal, but cannot be eliminated, since, as stated, the purest and best copper obtainable contains a small percent of iron. For this reason, manganese is added, since the copper without the addition of the manganese would repulse the iron, and allow it to collect in large quantities throughout the mass, resulting in ruining tools when the material is being machined and in the case of pressure castings causing leakage.
Lead, as is well known, materially aids machining, but also repulses copper when in the molten state, and unless thoroughly amalgamated, produces lumps of lead segregated from the copper, generally called lead swets. For this reason, tin is employed to amalgamate the lead, since tin has an afinity for lead and copper, and the addition of a small percentage of tin up to 3% amalgamates the lead with the other elements, and the combination produces a homogeneous metal with the added advantages of maintaining for indefinite periods its silver-like luster. whiten the copper.
Zinc is used as a flux and cleaner for the copper, and materially aids foundry conditions. Its use with lead, moreover, cheapens the mixture and permits the production of a less expensive but superior alloy to many of those now in use.
As stated, no special furnaces or processes are necessary, since the melting is quite in accordance with that followed for commercial brasses and bronzes. This is a feature not heretofore possible with most of the commercially usable alloys.
As far as fluxes are concerned, no special material is required, and. this should be carefully observed, since it is the special melting and special furnaces, as well as small melts and accurate proportions of fiu'xes which render present commercial alloys so expensive and oft-times inefiicient and unsatisfactory.
The use of lead fro1n% to 13% is very important, since in many of the commercial alloys which have come to my attention the failure to appreciate properl the value and use of this ingredient has ren ered a particular alloy ruinous.
The present invention has a close resemblance in physical characteristics to commercial bronzes, and for the purpose of lavatory and plumbing fixtures and articles, is both cheaper and more commercially reliable than those heretofore used.
The proportions above given have all been found satisfactory, and if followed with reasonable care and skill will produce a white bronze of superior quality which will be more advantageous than so-called nickel or chrolhe addition of the lead acts to 7 my hand.
JOSEPH H. CHEETHAM.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1826239A true US1826239A (en) | 1931-10-06 |
Family
ID=3422685
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1826239D Expired - Lifetime US1826239A (en) | Assiotob to btoelieb co |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1826239A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4631171A (en) * | 1985-05-16 | 1986-12-23 | Handy & Harman | Copper-zinc-manganese-nickel alloys |
US4684052A (en) * | 1985-05-16 | 1987-08-04 | Handy & Harman | Method of brazing carbide using copper-zinc-manganese-nickel alloys |
-
0
- US US1826239D patent/US1826239A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4631171A (en) * | 1985-05-16 | 1986-12-23 | Handy & Harman | Copper-zinc-manganese-nickel alloys |
US4684052A (en) * | 1985-05-16 | 1987-08-04 | Handy & Harman | Method of brazing carbide using copper-zinc-manganese-nickel alloys |
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