US20010056393A1 - An automated exchange for matching bids between a party and a counterparty based on a relationship between the counterparty and the exchange - Google Patents
An automated exchange for matching bids between a party and a counterparty based on a relationship between the counterparty and the exchange Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20010056393A1 US20010056393A1 US09/186,154 US18615498A US2001056393A1 US 20010056393 A1 US20010056393 A1 US 20010056393A1 US 18615498 A US18615498 A US 18615498A US 2001056393 A1 US2001056393 A1 US 2001056393A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- volume
- price
- market
- market maker
- matching
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
- G06Q40/04—Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
- G06Q40/06—Asset management; Financial planning or analysis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a system for increasing the security against undesired matches in an automated exchange system.
- This object and others are obtained by a method and a system wherein a market maker can enter a course of action in advance, so that the volume in the orderbook is continuously updated, and where the updating is performed differently with respect to different counter parts. Also, quotes that may result in a trade between Market Makers are hidden for some time before being matched, thus giving the Market Makers a chance to back off.
- the system employs a function that supports that Market Makers through pre-defined parameters will have new orders automatically generated by the system and that a market maker can act differently with respect to different counterparts.
- the parameters specify if a Market Maker should add extra volume on an existing price or generate a new order at a worse price.
- the algorithm uses a set of parameters, which are predefined by each market maker.
- the parameters are for example:
- Firm limit parameter which restricts how much of a quote may be traded against a Firm order or a market maker order/quote.
- Step-up buffer parameter which is used for determining when to increase the volume on the market.
- Tick worse volume parameter which is used for automatically placing new quotes on the market.
- the algorithm is executed when a market maker participates in a trade.
- tick worse parameter generates new quotes in accordance with an algorithm described below.
- the market maker participates in the trade with the firm volume. This supports that market makers do not take the risk to trade with other market makers just because they are a bit slow to send in new quotes. This also supports that the market maker can have reduced volume (risk) when trading with other market makers.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the basic steps carried out in an automated exchange system.
- FIGS. 2 a - c are flow charts illustrating some of the steps carried out when matching two bids in an automated exchange system for different types of counterparts.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating steps carried out in a matching procedure between two market makers.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating different steps carried out when executing the one tick worse rule.
- a market maker is defined to be a market maker for certain financial instruments.
- a user can insert one transaction at a time.
- a transaction is returned with status, i.e. success or error.
- FIG. 1 a general flow chart illustrating some basic steps in an automated exchange system is shown.
- the person selling is a market maker and that the type of counterpart is known by the system.
- a selling price is received from the market maker.
- a buying price is received.
- the step 109 it is decided which type of person that has entered the buying price, e.g. a customer, a firm or another market maker.
- the automated exchange system selects different matching methods.
- the type of counterpart is decided. If the counterpart is a customer the system selects a first matching method as illustrated in FIG. 2 a . If the counterpart is a firm the system selects a second method as illustrated in FIG. 2 b . If the counterpart is a market maker the system selects a third method as illustrated in FIG. 2 c.
- FIG. 2 a the procedure when matching between a selling market maker and a buying customer is illustrated.
- the counterpart is a customer the matching always take place as is indicated in step 201 .
- the market maker participates in the trade with the full volume.
- step 203 If the market maker full volume at the best price is traded, and the customer order indicates that it want to trade more (volume and price indicates further matching), step 203 , the one-tick-worse rule as described below is executed, step 205 , and else the procedure proceeds directly to a step 207 .
- step 207 When the trade is executed a check is done of the total volume in the orderbook at the best bid/offer, step 207 . If the total volume in the orderbook is found to be less than X, in step a 209 , where X is a predefined parameter by the exchange, the step-up parameter, as described below, is used to automatically generate more volume in the market makers existing quote, step 211 . If the parameter indicates to not generate more volume the procedure proceeds directly to a step 215 . Finally, the matching procedure ends in a step 215 .
- the step 211 can be executed in the following manner (not shown). If the total volume is only a little smaller than the volume required by the exchange, the step up parameter is used to automatically generate more volume at the current price. If, on the other hand, a larger volume needs to be generated in order to obtain the volume X, the one tick worse parameter is used to generate the requested volume at a worse price. Also, if in the step 211 , the step up parameter has been used to generate more volume a number of consecutive times at the same price, the one tick worse parameter can be used, even though the step-up parameter normally should have been used. This will prevent that a customer enters a large number of small orders and that the system then generates more volume at the current price instead of offering a worse price as would have been the case if the customer had entered one large order.
- FIG. 2 b the procedure when matching between a selling market maker and a buying firm is illustrated.
- the counterpart is a firm the matching always take place as is indicated in step 231 .
- the market maker participates in the trade with a firm volume, usually being smaller than the full volume and which can be set by the market maker in the system. This supports that the market maker can have reduced volume (risk) when trading with firms.
- step 233 it is checked if the market maker firm volume at the best price is traded, and if the firm order indicates that it want to trade more (volume and price indicates further matching) the one-tick-worse rule, as described below, is executed, step 235 , and else the procedure proceeds directly to a step 237 .
- step 237 When the trade is executed a check is done of the total volume at the best bid/offer, step 237 . If the volume is found to be less than X, in step a 239 , where X is a predefined parameter by the exchange, the step-up parameter, as described below is used to automatically generate more volume in the market makers existing quote, step 241 . If the parameter indicates to not generate more volume the procedure proceeds directly to a step 245 . Finally, the matching procedure ends in the step 245 .
- step 241 can also be executed as described above in conjunction with step 211 .
- FIG. 2 c the procedure when matching between a selling market maker and a buying market maker is illustrated.
- the counterpart is a market maker, in particular a market maker quote
- no match take place.
- the incoming order/quote is inserted into the order book but no update of the best bid offer is sent out, i.e. now there are quotes in the order book crossing or locking, but it is not sent out in the best bid/offer, step 261 . Both these orders can however trade against another order.
- Y predefined by the exchange
- the algorithm checks if there still is a lock in the order book, step 263 . An algorithm for this is described below in conjunction with FIG. 3.
- step 265 If there is the market maker participates in the trade with the firm volume, step 265 . This supports that the market maker can have reduced volume (risk) when trading with other market makers.
- step 267 it is checked if the market maker firm volume at the best price is traded, and the opposite market maker quote indicates that it wants to trade more, i.e. volume and price indicates further matching. If this is the case, the one-tick-worse rule as described below is executed, step 269 .
- step 271 When the trade is executed a check is done of the total volume at the best bid/offer, step 271 . If the volume is found to be less than X, in step a 273 , where X is a predefined parameter by the exchange, the step-up parameter, as described below is used to automatically generate more volume in the market makers existing quote, step 277 . If the parameter indicates to not generate more volume the procedure proceeds directly to a step 279 . Finally, the matching procedure ends in the step 279 .
- step 277 can also be executed as described above in conjunction with step 211 .
- FIG. 3 a procedure for executing an algorithm for matching prices between two market makers is shown.
- the algorithm as shown in FIG. 3 can for example be used when executing the step 263 as described above.
- step 301 the buy price is received.
- step 303 the sell price is received, step 303 .
- step 305 it is checked if there are matching orders, step 305 . If the outcome of step 305 is yes then wait a short time, e.g. 2 s, step 307 , else the procedure proceeds to step 311 .
- step 309 When the short time has elapsed, the prices are updated, step 309 . Thereupon, a new check is executed for checking if there are still matching prices, step 313 . If this is not the case the procedure proceeds to step 311 where it is decided not to match, else the procedure proceeds to a step 315 where a match takes place.
- step 305 if in the step 305 matching prices are established, the marker makers having the matching offers are marked, and a match only takes place if the same, marked marker makers still wants to trade in step 313 .
- the step 307 can also be repeated a number of times and if the outcome is the same all of the times the match is made in order to even further reduce to risk of making undesired trades.
- FIG. 4 a procedure for executing the one tick worse rule is shown.
- the one tick worse rule use a number of different parameters in order to automatically generate new orders if the volume at a particular price is traded in one single transaction.
- the one-tick worse rule checks the next One tick worse parameter to see the volume the market maker has specified, step 401 .
- the volume and price specified by the first one tick worse parameter is used in the matching. If further trade is still indicated in a step 403 , i.e. there are matching offers at the worse price, when the volume and price specified by the first one tick worse parameter has been traded, the system returns to the step 401 , wherein the second one tick worse parameter is used for generating a new offer specifying another volume, which of course also can be the same volume, at a worse price than the first parameter.
- the procedure is repeated until in the step 403 there is no match. When there no longer is a match the procedure proceeds to a step 405 wherein the procedure returns from where it came.
- the system comprises means for having 8 or more one tick worse parameters for each financial instrument quoted by each market maker. This supports that the volume in the order book will increase and that the market maker can take the risk to have a tight spread, but still have large volume in the order book at worse price. If the counter part still indicates that it wants to buy more after the eighth parameter has been executed the procedure will continue to offer a worse price with the same volume specified in the eighth parameter until the price i zero.
- the step up parameter is a parameter indicating that new volume at the same price should be generated if the total volume is below the minimum volume specified by the exchange.
- the step up parameter can also indicate that the one tick worse parameter should be used to generate new volume. This can for example be the case if there is a need for a large volume.
- the one tick worse parameter can also be used if the step up parameter has generated more volume at the same price for a predefined number of times.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a method and a system for increasing the security against undesired matches in an automated exchange system.
- In existing automated exchange systems for continuous trading (dealer market), a simple first in first served model in the matching is commonly used. Thus, if there is a selling price, which is matched by a buying price, the two orders are matched.
- To increase liquidity there are Market Makers (quoters) who are required by the exchange to continuously enter two way quotes. The basic idea is that Market makers must have a two way quote in the market all the time. The quotes (together with ordinary orders) creates a best bid and offer that is sent out as the exchange official price. The best bid offer is used by investors when deciding about buying or selling an instrument. It is in the exchange interest to have as tight spread, i.e. the difference between the selling price and the buying price, as possible between the best bid and the best offer in order to attract investors. It is also in the exchange interest to have a lot of volume (many contracts) available to the investors, both at the best bid offer and at a worse price.
- In other words, since a Market maker is required to continuously have a two way quote, i.e. both a selling price and a buying price, if the price goes up (or down) the market makers will adjust their prices. However, if there is a delay in the communication path between a market maker and the automated exchange system or a market maker is slow to enter his new prices into an existing automated system the system will automatically match bids, even though this never was the intention of the market maker only being slow to enter his new prices or the new prices having been delayed for some reason.
- In today's automated exchange systems the market makers solve this problem by having quite a large spread, i.e. a large difference between their selling price and their buying price.
- Thus, if the prices on the market starts to change, the market maker has a buffer in that he has entered a large spread, and he will thus have more time to correct his prices.
- However, as pointed out above, it is in the exchange interest to have as tight spread as possible between the best bid and the best offer in order to attract investors. Therefore, it is desired that the spread is smaller than it is today, without forcing the market makers to take the risk of making undesired matches.
- Furthermore, today's automated exchange systems does not support that market makers act differently with respects to different counterparts or types of counterparts.
- It is an object of the present invention to overcome the problems as outlined above and to provide an automated exchange system having functionality which makes it possible for market makers to act differently with respect to different counterparts and which therefore can cope with situations where matching bids should not be matched, and thereby making it possible for market makers to enter two way quotes having a very small spread without taking the risque of making undesired matches.
- This object and others are obtained by a method and a system wherein a market maker can enter a course of action in advance, so that the volume in the orderbook is continuously updated, and where the updating is performed differently with respect to different counter parts. Also, quotes that may result in a trade between Market Makers are hidden for some time before being matched, thus giving the Market Makers a chance to back off.
- Thus, the system employs a function that supports that Market Makers through pre-defined parameters will have new orders automatically generated by the system and that a market maker can act differently with respect to different counterparts. The parameters specify if a Market Maker should add extra volume on an existing price or generate a new order at a worse price.
- Thus, in order to support market makers to have a very tight spread additional logic is used when matching orders. The algorithm used for this purpose protects the market makers in certain situations and gives market makers the possibility to have a tight spread without taking a large risk. The algorithm also supports that the market makers can take the risk to quote large volumes.
- The algorithm uses a set of parameters, which are predefined by each market maker. The parameters are for example:
- Firm limit parameter, which restricts how much of a quote may be traded against a Firm order or a market maker order/quote.
- Step-up buffer parameter, which is used for determining when to increase the volume on the market.
- Tick worse volume parameter, which is used for automatically placing new quotes on the market.
- The algorithm is executed when a market maker participates in a trade. In a preferred embodiment there are three different methods in the algorithm depending on the counterpart in the trade:
- Thus, when the counterpart is a customer the market maker participates in the trade with the full volume.
- If the market maker full volume at the best price is traded, and the customer order indicates that it want to trade more (volume and price indicates further matching) the tick worse parameter generates new quotes in accordance with an algorithm described below.
- When the trade is executed a check is done of the total volume at the best bid/offer. If the volume is less than X, which is a parameter predefined by the exchange, the step-up parameter is used to automatically generate more volume in the market makers existing quote. If the parameter indicates to not generate more volume the tick one worse parameter instead generates new quotes.
- When the counterpart is a firm the market maker participates in the trade with the firm volume. This supports that the market maker can have reduced volume (risk) when trading with firms.
- If the market maker firm volume at the best price is traded, and the firm order indicates that it want to trade more (volume and price indicates further matching) the tick one worse parameter generates new quotes.
- When the trade is executed a check is done of the total volume at the best bid/offer. If the volume is less than X, which is parameter predefined by the exchange, the step-up parameter is used to automatically generate more volume in the market makers existing quote. If the parameter indicates to not generate more volume the tick one worse parameter instead generates new quotes.
- When the counterpart is a market maker no match take place. Instead the incoming order is inserted into the order book but no update of the best bid offer is sent out, i.e. now there are quotes in the order book crossing but it is not sent out in the best bid/offer. After a time Y, which is predefined by the exchange, the algorithm checks if there still is a lock, i.e. matching prices, in the order book, and if so the orders are matched.
- If the counterpart is another market maker, the market maker participates in the trade with the firm volume. This supports that market makers do not take the risk to trade with other market makers just because they are a bit slow to send in new quotes. This also supports that the market maker can have reduced volume (risk) when trading with other market makers.
- If the market maker full volume at the best price is traded, and the opposite market maker quote indicates that it want to trade more (volume and price indicates further matching) the one tick worse parameter generates new quotes.
- The method and system as described herein makes it possible for a market maker to act differently with respect to different counterparts. This makes the risks which the market maker has to take lower, and therefore the market maker can reduce the spread, which in turn will increase the attraction on investors.
- The present invention will now be described by way of non-limiting examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the basic steps carried out in an automated exchange system.
- FIGS. 2a-c are flow charts illustrating some of the steps carried out when matching two bids in an automated exchange system for different types of counterparts.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating steps carried out in a matching procedure between two market makers.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating different steps carried out when executing the one tick worse rule.
- In the following description, being given as an example only, the following definitions will be used:
- A market maker is defined to be a market maker for certain financial instruments.
- When a market maker sends in a prices to the order book in instruments where he is a market maker the prices are sent in as quotes. Quotes are always limit order that will be stored in the book if not matched.
- Quotes can only be used by market maker members in instruments where they are defined as market makers.
- When a market maker trades in series (instruments) where he not is defined as a market maker he is, in the examples given below, considered to be a firm. He can then only send in orders. Furthermore, the system as described below is assumed to have the following characteristics:
- A user can insert one transaction at a time.
- A transaction is returned with status, i.e. success or error.
- Only one transaction at a time is handled within one orderbook.
- Furthermore, in the following examples the terms “firm” and “customer” are used for private investors and professional investors, respectively. However, additional or other types of investors are also possible, the following description only being an example.
- In FIG. 1, a general flow chart illustrating some basic steps in an automated exchange system is shown. In the example described below it is assumed that the person selling is a market maker and that the type of counterpart is known by the system. Thus, first, in a step101, a selling price is received from the market maker. Next, in a step 103 a buying price is received. Thereupon, in a
step 105, it is checked if the received selling and buying prices match. If this is the case the procedure proceeds to astep 109, and else the procedure ends in astep 107. In thestep 109 it is decided which type of person that has entered the buying price, e.g. a customer, a firm or another market maker. - Depending on the type of investor that has entered the buying price the automated exchange system selects different matching methods. Thus, in a step111, the type of counterpart is decided. If the counterpart is a customer the system selects a first matching method as illustrated in FIG. 2a. If the counterpart is a firm the system selects a second method as illustrated in FIG. 2b. If the counterpart is a market maker the system selects a third method as illustrated in FIG. 2c.
- In FIG. 2a the procedure when matching between a selling market maker and a buying customer is illustrated. When the counterpart is a customer the matching always take place as is indicated in
step 201. The market maker participates in the trade with the full volume. - If the market maker full volume at the best price is traded, and the customer order indicates that it want to trade more (volume and price indicates further matching),
step 203, the one-tick-worse rule as described below is executed,step 205, and else the procedure proceeds directly to astep 207. - When the trade is executed a check is done of the total volume in the orderbook at the best bid/offer,
step 207. If the total volume in the orderbook is found to be less than X, in step a 209, where X is a predefined parameter by the exchange, the step-up parameter, as described below, is used to automatically generate more volume in the market makers existing quote,step 211. If the parameter indicates to not generate more volume the procedure proceeds directly to astep 215. Finally, the matching procedure ends in astep 215. - However, in a preferred embodiment, the
step 211 can be executed in the following manner (not shown). If the total volume is only a little smaller than the volume required by the exchange, the step up parameter is used to automatically generate more volume at the current price. If, on the other hand, a larger volume needs to be generated in order to obtain the volume X, the one tick worse parameter is used to generate the requested volume at a worse price. Also, if in thestep 211, the step up parameter has been used to generate more volume a number of consecutive times at the same price, the one tick worse parameter can be used, even though the step-up parameter normally should have been used. This will prevent that a customer enters a large number of small orders and that the system then generates more volume at the current price instead of offering a worse price as would have been the case if the customer had entered one large order. - In FIG. 2b, the procedure when matching between a selling market maker and a buying firm is illustrated. When the counterpart is a firm the matching always take place as is indicated in step 231. However, the market maker participates in the trade with a firm volume, usually being smaller than the full volume and which can be set by the market maker in the system. This supports that the market maker can have reduced volume (risk) when trading with firms.
- Next, in a
step 233, it is checked if the market maker firm volume at the best price is traded, and if the firm order indicates that it want to trade more (volume and price indicates further matching) the one-tick-worse rule, as described below, is executed,step 235, and else the procedure proceeds directly to astep 237. - When the trade is executed a check is done of the total volume at the best bid/offer,
step 237. If the volume is found to be less than X, in step a 239, where X is a predefined parameter by the exchange, the step-up parameter, as described below is used to automatically generate more volume in the market makers existing quote,step 241. If the parameter indicates to not generate more volume the procedure proceeds directly to astep 245. Finally, the matching procedure ends in thestep 245. - However, in a preferred embodiment, the
step 241 can also be executed as described above in conjunction withstep 211. - In FIG. 2c, the procedure when matching between a selling market maker and a buying market maker is illustrated. When the counterpart is a market maker, in particular a market maker quote, no match take place. Instead the incoming order/quote is inserted into the order book but no update of the best bid offer is sent out, i.e. now there are quotes in the order book crossing or locking, but it is not sent out in the best bid/offer, step 261. Both these orders can however trade against another order. After a time Y (predefined by the exchange) the algorithm checks if there still is a lock in the order book,
step 263. An algorithm for this is described below in conjunction with FIG. 3. - If there is the market maker participates in the trade with the firm volume,
step 265. This supports that the market maker can have reduced volume (risk) when trading with other market makers. - Next, in a
step 267, it is checked if the market maker firm volume at the best price is traded, and the opposite market maker quote indicates that it wants to trade more, i.e. volume and price indicates further matching. If this is the case, the one-tick-worse rule as described below is executed,step 269. - When the trade is executed a check is done of the total volume at the best bid/offer,
step 271. If the volume is found to be less than X, in step a 273, where X is a predefined parameter by the exchange, the step-up parameter, as described below is used to automatically generate more volume in the market makers existing quote,step 277. If the parameter indicates to not generate more volume the procedure proceeds directly to astep 279. Finally, the matching procedure ends in thestep 279. - However, the
step 277 can also be executed as described above in conjunction withstep 211. - In FIG. 3, a procedure for executing an algorithm for matching prices between two market makers is shown. The algorithm as shown in FIG. 3 can for example be used when executing the
step 263 as described above. Thus, first in astep 301 the buy price is received. Next, the sell price is received,step 303. Thereupon it is checked if there are matching orders,step 305. If the outcome ofstep 305 is yes then wait a short time, e.g. 2 s,step 307, else the procedure proceeds to step 311. - When the short time has elapsed, the prices are updated,
step 309. Thereupon, a new check is executed for checking if there are still matching prices,step 313. If this is not the case the procedure proceeds to step 311 where it is decided not to match, else the procedure proceeds to astep 315 where a match takes place. - In a preferred embodiment, if in the
step 305 matching prices are established, the marker makers having the matching offers are marked, and a match only takes place if the same, marked marker makers still wants to trade instep 313. - The
step 307, can also be repeated a number of times and if the outcome is the same all of the times the match is made in order to even further reduce to risk of making undesired trades. - This supports that market makers do not take the risk to trade with other market makers just because there is a small delay in the system or because they are a bit slow to send in new quotes.
- In FIG. 4, a procedure for executing the one tick worse rule is shown. The one tick worse rule use a number of different parameters in order to automatically generate new orders if the volume at a particular price is traded in one single transaction.
- Thus, first when a quote has been traded the one-tick worse rule checks the next One tick worse parameter to see the volume the market maker has specified, step401. The volume and price specified by the first one tick worse parameter is used in the matching. If further trade is still indicated in a
step 403, i.e. there are matching offers at the worse price, when the volume and price specified by the first one tick worse parameter has been traded, the system returns to the step 401, wherein the second one tick worse parameter is used for generating a new offer specifying another volume, which of course also can be the same volume, at a worse price than the first parameter. The procedure is repeated until in thestep 403 there is no match. When there no longer is a match the procedure proceeds to astep 405 wherein the procedure returns from where it came. - In a preferred embodiment, the system comprises means for having 8 or more one tick worse parameters for each financial instrument quoted by each market maker. This supports that the volume in the order book will increase and that the market maker can take the risk to have a tight spread, but still have large volume in the order book at worse price. If the counter part still indicates that it wants to buy more after the eighth parameter has been executed the procedure will continue to offer a worse price with the same volume specified in the eighth parameter until the price i zero.
- The step up parameter is a parameter indicating that new volume at the same price should be generated if the total volume is below the minimum volume specified by the exchange. The step up parameter can also indicate that the one tick worse parameter should be used to generate new volume. This can for example be the case if there is a need for a large volume. The one tick worse parameter can also be used if the step up parameter has generated more volume at the same price for a predefined number of times.
- The method and system as described herein makes it possible for a market maker to act differently with respect to different counterparts. This makes the risks which the market maker has to take lower, and therefore the market maker can reduce the spread, which in turn will increase the attraction on investors.
- Thus, by using a function that supports that Market Makers through pre-defined parameters will have new orders generated by the system and that a market maker can act differently with respect to different counterparts. The parameters specify if a Market Maker should add extra volume on an existing price or generate a new order at a worse price. In order to make it possible for market makers to have a very tight spread without forcing them to take larger risks, additional logic is used when matching orders. The algorithm as described herein protects the market makers in certain situations and gives market makers the possibility to have a tight spread without taking a large risk. The algorithm also supports that the market makers can take the risk to quote large volumes.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/186,154 US6405180B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 1998-11-05 | Automated exchange for matching bids between a party and a counterparty based on a relationship between the counterparty and the exchange |
SE9804170A SE9804170L (en) | 1998-11-05 | 1998-12-02 | An electronic exchange trading system |
PCT/SE1999/001994 WO2000028449A2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 1999-11-04 | An automated exchange system |
AU14351/00A AU1435100A (en) | 1998-11-05 | 1999-11-04 | An automated exchange system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/186,154 US6405180B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 1998-11-05 | Automated exchange for matching bids between a party and a counterparty based on a relationship between the counterparty and the exchange |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20010056393A1 true US20010056393A1 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
US6405180B2 US6405180B2 (en) | 2002-06-11 |
Family
ID=22683854
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/186,154 Expired - Lifetime US6405180B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 1998-11-05 | Automated exchange for matching bids between a party and a counterparty based on a relationship between the counterparty and the exchange |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6405180B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1435100A (en) |
SE (1) | SE9804170L (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000028449A2 (en) |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040030630A1 (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2004-02-12 | Om Technology Ab | Trading system |
US20040143535A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-07-22 | Creditex, Inc. | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US20050091142A1 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-04-28 | Cantor Index Llc | System and method for managing the execution of trades between market makers |
US20060020536A1 (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-01-26 | Espeed, Inc. | System and method for managing trading orders received from market makers |
US20060036534A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2006-02-16 | Hirani Sunil G | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US20060036535A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2006-02-16 | Hirani Sunil G | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US20060253353A1 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-11-09 | Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. | Method and system for crossing orders |
US20070239576A1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-10-11 | Creditex Group Inc. | Credit event fixings |
US20080027855A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2008-01-31 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US20080033867A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2008-02-07 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Centralized process for determining deltas for index tranches |
US20080215430A1 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2008-09-04 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Credit derivative trading platform |
US20090125451A1 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-14 | Creditex | Techniques for reducing delta values of credit risk positions in online trading of credit derivatives |
US20110004540A1 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2011-01-06 | Siverson Robert J | Quote inactivation system and method for an automated exchange for trading derivative securities |
US20110060682A1 (en) * | 1999-08-03 | 2011-03-10 | Woodmansey Robert J | Systems and methods for linking orders in electronic trading systems |
US20110153488A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2011-06-23 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for market order volume clearing in online trading of credit derivatives |
US20150356677A1 (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2015-12-10 | The Nasdaq Omx Group, Inc. | Private fund exchange system |
US9727916B1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2017-08-08 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Automated trading exchange system having integrated quote risk monitoring and integrated quote modification services |
US9928550B2 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2018-03-27 | Cboe Exchange, Inc. | Automated trading exchange system having integrated quote risk monitoring and integrated quote modification services |
US10692142B2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2020-06-23 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for processing composite trading orders |
Families Citing this family (183)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6850907B2 (en) * | 1996-12-13 | 2005-02-01 | Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P. | Automated price improvement protocol processor |
US6594643B1 (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 2003-07-15 | Charles C. Freeny, Jr. | Automatic stock trading system |
US7558752B1 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2009-07-07 | Ariba, Inc. | Method and an apparatus for a trading market design and deployment system |
US6760778B1 (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2004-07-06 | At&T Wireless Services, Inc. | System and method for communication between airborne and ground-based entities |
US6618707B1 (en) | 1998-11-03 | 2003-09-09 | International Securities Exchange, Inc. | Automated exchange for trading derivative securities |
AU761350B2 (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2003-06-05 | Min Ho Cha | Automatic ordering method and system for trading of stock, bond, item, future index, option, index, current and so on |
US7392214B1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2008-06-24 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | Systems and methods for trading |
CN1451121A (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2003-10-22 | Cfph有限责任公司 | System and methods for electronic trading that provide incentives and linked auctions |
US6952682B1 (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2005-10-04 | Ariba, Inc. | System and method for matching multi-attribute auction bids |
US8793178B2 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2014-07-29 | Bartersecurities, Inc. | Electronic bartering system with facilitating tools |
US7080050B1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2006-07-18 | Barter Securities | Electronic bartering system |
US6912511B1 (en) * | 1999-08-19 | 2005-06-28 | David A. Eliezer | Method of monitoring market liquidity |
US6347444B1 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2002-02-19 | Jason Irby | Method for refurbishing an automotive wheel |
US7209896B1 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2007-04-24 | The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. | Locked/crossed quote handling |
US7181424B1 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2007-02-20 | The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. | Montage for automated market system |
US7251629B1 (en) | 1999-10-14 | 2007-07-31 | Edge Capture, Llc | Automated trading system in an electronic trading exchange |
US6876991B1 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2005-04-05 | Collaborative Decision Platforms, Llc. | System, method and computer program product for a collaborative decision platform |
US7231363B1 (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2007-06-12 | Wall Corporation | Method and system for rebrokering orders in a trading system |
US7430533B1 (en) * | 2000-01-11 | 2008-09-30 | Itg Software Solutions, Inc. | Automated batch auctions in conjunction with continuous financial markets |
US7613647B1 (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2009-11-03 | Itg Software Solutions, Inc. | System and method for executing strategy security trading |
US7813991B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2010-10-12 | Christopher Keith | Automated trading negotiation protocols |
US8296215B1 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2012-10-23 | Stikine Technology, Llc | Trading system with elfs and umpires |
US7908198B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2011-03-15 | Stikine Technology, Llc | Automated preferences for market participants |
US8799138B2 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2014-08-05 | Stikine Technology, Llc | Routing control for orders eligible for multiple markets |
US7774246B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2010-08-10 | Christopher Keith | Automated price setting for paired orders |
US7644027B2 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2010-01-05 | Christopher Keith | Market program for interacting with trading programs on a platform |
US8249975B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2012-08-21 | Stikine Technology, Llc | Automated first look at market events |
US7539638B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2009-05-26 | Stikine Technology, Llc | Representation of order in multiple markets |
US8775294B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2014-07-08 | Stikine Technology, Llc | Automated linked order processing |
US7882007B2 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2011-02-01 | Christopher Keith | Platform for market programs and trading programs |
US7472087B2 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2008-12-30 | Stikine Technology, Llc | Trading program for interacting with market programs on a platform |
US7792733B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2010-09-07 | Christopher Keith | Automated synchronization of orders represented in multiple markets |
US7890410B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2011-02-15 | Stikine Technology, Llc | Automated trial order processing |
US7177833B1 (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2007-02-13 | Edge Capture, Llc | Automated trading system in an electronic trading exchange |
US6829589B1 (en) | 2000-07-21 | 2004-12-07 | Stc, Llc | Method and apparatus for stock and index option price improvement, participation, and internalization |
US7158956B1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2007-01-02 | Himmelstein Richard B | Electronic real estate bartering system |
US7379909B1 (en) | 2000-10-04 | 2008-05-27 | Tradestation Technologies, Inc. | System, method and apparatus for monitoring and execution of entry and exit orders |
WO2002069112A2 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-09-06 | Richard Himmelstein | Electronic bartering system with facilitating tools |
US7392217B2 (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2008-06-24 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling traders from manipulating electronic trading markets |
TW520478B (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-02-11 | Inventec Corp | System with automatic transmission and fax management and method therefor |
US7653584B2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2010-01-26 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Automated execution system having participation |
US20030009413A1 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-09 | Dean Furbush | Automated market system preferenced orders |
US8296216B2 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2012-10-23 | The Nasdaq Omx Group, Inc. | Directed order processing for automated market system |
US8301539B2 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2012-10-30 | The Nasdaq Omx Group, Inc. | Order processing for automated market system |
US7672895B2 (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2010-03-02 | Trading Technologies International, Inc. | System and method for simulating an electronic trading environment |
US7962399B2 (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2011-06-14 | The Nasdaq Omx Group, Inc. | Refreshing displayed quotes for automated market system |
US8209254B2 (en) | 2002-07-26 | 2012-06-26 | Ebs Group Limited | Automated trading system |
WO2004023244A2 (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2004-03-18 | Electronic Broking Services Limited | System and method for deriving data |
US7752115B2 (en) * | 2002-10-02 | 2010-07-06 | Trading Technologies International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a fair exchange |
EP2428872A1 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2012-03-14 | eSpeed, Inc. | Keyboard for trading system |
GB2395036A (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-12 | Espeed Inc | Trading interface using keyboard |
US7769668B2 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2010-08-03 | Sam Balabon | System and method for facilitating trading of financial instruments |
US8484121B2 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2013-07-09 | Sam Balabon | System and method for execution delayed trading |
WO2004057440A2 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-07-08 | Sam Balabon | System and method for below-market trading |
US20040167824A1 (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-08-26 | Tullett Liberty Inc. | Match-and-swap marketplace |
US10817937B1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2020-10-27 | Trading Technologies International, Inc. | Method and system for internal matching |
US7440917B2 (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2008-10-21 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Inc. | Order risk management system |
US7613650B2 (en) | 2003-04-24 | 2009-11-03 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Hybrid trading system for concurrently trading securities or derivatives through both electronic and open-outcry trading mechanisms |
US7676421B2 (en) | 2003-04-24 | 2010-03-09 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Method and system for providing an automated auction for internalization and complex orders in a hybrid trading system |
US8346653B2 (en) | 2003-04-24 | 2013-01-01 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Automated trading system for routing and matching orders |
US7653588B2 (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2010-01-26 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Method and system for providing order routing to a virtual crowd in a hybrid trading system |
US7552083B2 (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2009-06-23 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Hybrid trading system for concurrently trading through both electronic and open-outcry trading mechanisms |
US20060167788A1 (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2006-07-27 | Tilly Edward T | Method and system for broker trading in a hybrid trading system for concurrently trading securities or derivatives through both electronic and open-outcry trading mechanisms |
US8924278B2 (en) | 2003-07-25 | 2014-12-30 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | System and method for controlling markets during a stop loss trigger |
US7890412B2 (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2011-02-15 | New York Mercantile Exchange, Inc. | Distributed trading bus architecture |
US8131626B2 (en) | 2003-11-17 | 2012-03-06 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | Customizable trading display of market data |
US8131625B2 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2012-03-06 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | Customizable trading display of market data |
US10832321B2 (en) | 2003-12-12 | 2020-11-10 | Gfi Group, Inc. | Apparatus, method and system for providing an electronic marketplace for trading credit default swaps and other financial instruments, including a trade management service system |
US20050171887A1 (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-04 | Daley Thomas J. | System and method for avoiding transaction costs associated with trading orders |
US8738498B2 (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2014-05-27 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for routing a trading order |
US10304097B2 (en) | 2004-01-29 | 2019-05-28 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for controlling the disclosure of a trading order |
US7835987B2 (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2010-11-16 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for routing a trading order according to price |
US20050171890A1 (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-04 | Daley Thomas J. | System and method for matching trading orders |
KR101119295B1 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2012-03-16 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Apparatus and method for locating mobile terminals using positioning determination entity server independent of network |
US7647267B2 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2010-01-12 | New York Stock Exchange | System and method for setting and using a momentum liquidity replenishment price in a hybrid auction market |
US20070083456A1 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2007-04-12 | Akers Wayne S | Algorithmic trading |
US20090055306A1 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2009-02-26 | Hirani Sunil G | Systems and Methods for Limit Order Volume Clearing in Online Trading of Credit Derivatives |
EP1717747A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-11-02 | eSPEED, Inc. | Systems and methods for protecting against erroneous price entries in the electronic trading of financial and other instruments |
US20060218071A1 (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2006-09-28 | Espeed, Inc. | System and method for managing trading between related entities |
US7809629B2 (en) | 2005-04-07 | 2010-10-05 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Market participant issue selection system and method |
US20060253369A1 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-11-09 | Chicago Board Options Exchange | Method of creating and trading derivative investment products based on an average price of an underlying asset during a calculation period |
US8326716B2 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2012-12-04 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Method and system for creating and trading derivative investment products based on a statistical property reflecting the variance of an underlying asset |
US20080082436A1 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2008-04-03 | Shalen Catherine T | System And Method For Creating And Trading A Digital Derivative Investment Instrument |
US20060253368A1 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-11-09 | Chicago Board Options Exchange | System and method for creating and trading credit rating derivative investment instruments |
US20060253355A1 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-11-09 | Chicago Board Options Exchange | System and method for creating and trading a digital derivative investment instrument |
US8326715B2 (en) | 2005-05-04 | 2012-12-04 | Chicago Board Operations Exchange, Incorporated | Method of creating and trading derivative investment products based on a statistical property reflecting the variance of an underlying asset |
US8027904B2 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2011-09-27 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Method and system for creating and trading corporate debt security derivative investment instruments |
US7765137B1 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2010-07-27 | Archipelago Holdings, Inc. | Method and system for maintaining an order on a selected market center |
AU2006244483B2 (en) | 2005-05-05 | 2012-05-31 | Nyse Group, Inc. | Tracking liquidity order |
US7908201B2 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2011-03-15 | Archipelago Holdings, Inc. | Cross and post order |
US7912775B1 (en) | 2005-05-05 | 2011-03-22 | Archipelago Holdings, Inc. | Liquidity analysis system and method |
AU2006244562B2 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2012-05-17 | Nyse Group, Inc. | Reprice-to-block order |
WO2006121792A2 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2006-11-16 | Archipelago Holdings, Inc. | Unpriced order auction and routing |
US7873561B1 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2011-01-18 | Archipelago Holdings, Inc. | Method and system for maintaining an order on a selected market center with maximum price exemption parameter |
AU2006244563B2 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2011-07-21 | Nyse Group, Inc. | Anti-internalization order modifier |
US8489489B2 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2013-07-16 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | System and method for trading derivatives in penny increments while disseminating quotes for derivatives in nickel/dime increments |
US7937315B2 (en) | 2005-05-05 | 2011-05-03 | Archipelago Holdings, Inc. | Portfolio execution and reporting |
AU2006244566A1 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2006-11-16 | Archipelago Holdings, Inc. | Passive liquidity order |
US7840477B2 (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2010-11-23 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for routing a trading order based upon quantity |
US7769669B1 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2010-08-03 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Electronic netting system for bilateral trades |
US7686392B2 (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2010-03-30 | Shell Oil Company | Vehicle seat cover |
US8484122B2 (en) | 2005-08-04 | 2013-07-09 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for apportioning trading orders based on size of displayed quantities |
US8494951B2 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2013-07-23 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | Matching of trading orders based on priority |
US7761364B2 (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2010-07-20 | International Securities Exchange, Llc | Midpoint matching system |
US7774263B1 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2010-08-10 | International Securities Exchange, Llc | Linked displayed market and midpoint matching system |
WO2007038084A2 (en) | 2005-09-23 | 2007-04-05 | Archipelago Holdings, Inc. | Directed order |
US7801810B2 (en) | 2005-11-18 | 2010-09-21 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | Hybrid cross-margining |
US10726479B2 (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2020-07-28 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | System and method for centralized clearing of over the counter foreign exchange instruments |
US10628883B2 (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2020-04-21 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | Detection of intra-firm matching and response thereto |
US20070118455A1 (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-05-24 | Albert William J | System and method for directed request for quote |
US20070156578A1 (en) * | 2006-01-03 | 2007-07-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and system for reducing a number of financial transactions |
US8229832B2 (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2012-07-24 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | Systems and methods for establishing first on the follow trading priority in electronic trading systems |
US7979339B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 | 2011-07-12 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for optimizing execution of trading orders |
WO2008027124A2 (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-03-06 | Archipelago Holdings, Inc. | Routing of orders in equity options by means of a parameterized rules-based routing table |
US20080235146A1 (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-09-25 | Creditex Group, Inc. | System and method for affirming over the counter derivative trades |
US8626637B1 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2014-01-07 | Gfi Group, Inc. | Apparatus, method and system for providing an electronic marketplace to join a trade for credit default swaps and other financial interests, and to deal-by-volume for the interests |
US8140425B2 (en) | 2006-11-13 | 2012-03-20 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Method and system for generating and trading derivative investment instruments based on a volatility arbitrage benchmark index |
US20080120249A1 (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-05-22 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Method of creating and trading derivative investment products based on a statistical property reflecting the volatility of an underlying asset |
US7917418B2 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2011-03-29 | Archipelago Holdings, Inc. | Efficient data dissemination for financial instruments |
WO2008083383A2 (en) * | 2006-12-30 | 2008-07-10 | Cfph, Llc | Methods and systems for managing and trading using a shared order book as internal exchange |
WO2008101230A1 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-08-21 | Gary Ardell | Systems methods, and media for trading securities |
US7844539B2 (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2010-11-30 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Hybrid trading system for concurrently trading combined orders for financial instruments through both electronic and open-outcry trading mechanisms |
US20080228621A1 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-09-18 | Johnson James C | System And Method For Transfer Of Dispute Data In A Distributed Electronic Trading System |
US8620759B1 (en) | 2007-05-23 | 2013-12-31 | Convergex Group, Llc | Methods and systems for processing orders |
US7840481B2 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2010-11-23 | Bny Convergex Execution Solutions Llc | Aged transactions in a trading system |
US20090018944A1 (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-15 | Omx Technology Ab | Method and system for trading |
US8756146B2 (en) | 2007-08-20 | 2014-06-17 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | Out of band credit control |
US8762252B2 (en) | 2007-08-20 | 2014-06-24 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | Out of band credit control |
US7996301B2 (en) | 2007-08-20 | 2011-08-09 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Inc. | Out of band credit control |
US7987135B2 (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2011-07-26 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Inc. | Out of band credit control |
US8165953B2 (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2012-04-24 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | System and method for creating and trading a derivative investment instrument over a range of index values |
CN101398810B (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2013-05-01 | 日电(中国)有限公司 | Self-adapting service choice device and method thereof, enquiry system and method thereof |
US20090111594A1 (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-04-30 | Spence Charles H | Billiards practice device |
US20090204534A1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-08-13 | Tilly Edward T | Method and system for providing order routing to a virtual crowd in a hybrid trading system and executing an entire order |
US8249972B2 (en) | 2007-11-09 | 2012-08-21 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Method and system for creating a volatility benchmark index |
US7873564B1 (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2011-01-18 | Dc Energy Llc | Computer system for an auction exchange for financially settled contracts |
US7676424B2 (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2010-03-09 | Dc Energy Llc | Auction for financially settled contracts |
US7991686B1 (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2011-08-02 | Dc Energy Llc | Computer system for an auction exchange for financially settled contracts |
US8224741B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2012-07-17 | International Securities Exchange, Llc | Complex order leg synchronization |
US8788381B2 (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2014-07-22 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | System and method for creating and trading a digital derivative investment instrument |
US8229835B2 (en) | 2009-01-08 | 2012-07-24 | New York Mercantile Exchange, Inc. | Determination of implied orders in a trade matching system |
US20100280937A1 (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2010-11-04 | Hiatt Jr John C | Method and system for creating and trading mortgage-backed security products |
CN101956647B (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2012-12-19 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Tidal power generating device |
US8417618B2 (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2013-04-09 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | Utilizing a trigger order with multiple counterparties in implied market trading |
US8266030B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 | 2012-09-11 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | Transformation of a multi-leg security definition for calculation of implied orders in an electronic trading system |
US8255305B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 | 2012-08-28 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | Ratio spreads for contracts of different sizes in implied market trading |
US20110066537A1 (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-03-17 | Andrew Milne | Implied volume analyzer |
US8321322B2 (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2012-11-27 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Method and system for creating a spot price tracker index |
US8229838B2 (en) | 2009-10-14 | 2012-07-24 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Inc. | Leg pricer |
US20110196775A1 (en) * | 2010-01-01 | 2011-08-11 | Jeffrey Gavin | Systems, Methods, and Media for Controlling the Exposure of Orders to Trading Platforms |
US8612331B2 (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2013-12-17 | Consensus Point, Inc. | Prediction market system and methods |
US10825033B2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2020-11-03 | Consensus Point, Inc. | Systems and methods for using a graphical user interface to predict market success |
US10410287B2 (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2019-09-10 | Consensus Point, Inc. | Prediction market and combinatorial prediction market volume forecasts |
US11151588B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2021-10-19 | Consensus Point, Inc. | Future trends forecasting system |
US8442859B1 (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-05-14 | Managed Audience Share Solutions LLC | Methods, systems, and computer program products for optimizing liquidity and price discovery in advertising markets |
WO2013169853A1 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Industries Llc Yknots | Device, method, and graphical user interface for providing tactile feedback for operations performed in a user interface |
WO2013169865A2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Yknots Industries Llc | Device, method, and graphical user interface for moving a user interface object based on an intensity of a press input |
WO2013169842A2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Yknots Industries Llc | Device, method, and graphical user interface for selecting object within a group of objects |
WO2013169851A2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Yknots Industries Llc | Device, method, and graphical user interface for facilitating user interaction with controls in a user interface |
CN108897420B (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2021-10-22 | 苹果公司 | Device, method, and graphical user interface for transitioning between display states in response to a gesture |
WO2013169849A2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Industries Llc Yknots | Device, method, and graphical user interface for displaying user interface objects corresponding to an application |
DE112013002412T5 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2015-02-19 | Apple Inc. | Apparatus, method and graphical user interface for providing feedback for changing activation states of a user interface object |
WO2013169875A2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Yknots Industries Llc | Device, method, and graphical user interface for displaying content associated with a corresponding affordance |
WO2013169845A1 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Yknots Industries Llc | Device, method, and graphical user interface for scrolling nested regions |
KR101956082B1 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2019-03-11 | 애플 인크. | Device, method, and graphical user interface for selecting user interface objects |
EP2847661A2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2015-03-18 | Apple Inc. | Device, method, and graphical user interface for moving and dropping a user interface object |
WO2013169843A1 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Yknots Industries Llc | Device, method, and graphical user interface for manipulating framed graphical objects |
DE202013012233U1 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2016-01-18 | Apple Inc. | Device and graphical user interface for displaying additional information in response to a user contact |
KR101958582B1 (en) | 2012-12-29 | 2019-07-04 | 애플 인크. | Device, method, and graphical user interface for transitioning between touch input to display output relationships |
KR101755029B1 (en) | 2012-12-29 | 2017-07-06 | 애플 인크. | Device, method, and graphical user interface for forgoing generation of tactile output for a multi-contact gesture |
KR101905174B1 (en) | 2012-12-29 | 2018-10-08 | 애플 인크. | Device, method, and graphical user interface for navigating user interface hierachies |
EP2939095B1 (en) | 2012-12-29 | 2018-10-03 | Apple Inc. | Device, method, and graphical user interface for moving a cursor according to a change in an appearance of a control icon with simulated three-dimensional characteristics |
KR101812329B1 (en) | 2012-12-29 | 2017-12-26 | 애플 인크. | Device, method, and graphical user interface for determining whether to scroll or select contents |
US9645732B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2017-05-09 | Apple Inc. | Devices, methods, and graphical user interfaces for displaying and using menus |
US10095396B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2018-10-09 | Apple Inc. | Devices, methods, and graphical user interfaces for interacting with a control object while dragging another object |
US10048757B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2018-08-14 | Apple Inc. | Devices and methods for controlling media presentation |
US9785305B2 (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2017-10-10 | Apple Inc. | Touch input cursor manipulation |
US20170045981A1 (en) | 2015-08-10 | 2017-02-16 | Apple Inc. | Devices and Methods for Processing Touch Inputs Based on Their Intensities |
US9860451B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2018-01-02 | Apple Inc. | Devices and methods for capturing and interacting with enhanced digital images |
US9674426B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2017-06-06 | Apple Inc. | Devices and methods for capturing and interacting with enhanced digital images |
US10565646B2 (en) | 2015-08-05 | 2020-02-18 | Trading Technologies International, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to internalize trade orders |
US10692144B2 (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2020-06-23 | Chicagil Mercantile Exchange Inc. | Multi-path routing system including an integrity mechanism |
US10783532B2 (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2020-09-22 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | Detection and mitigation of effects of high velocity value changes based upon match event outcomes |
Family Cites Families (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3581072A (en) | 1968-03-28 | 1971-05-25 | Frederick Nymeyer | Auction market computation system |
US3573747A (en) | 1969-02-24 | 1971-04-06 | Institutional Networks Corp | Instinet communication system for effectuating the sale or exchange of fungible properties between subscribers |
US4412287A (en) * | 1975-05-29 | 1983-10-25 | Braddock Iii Walter D | Automated stock exchange |
US4980826A (en) | 1983-11-03 | 1990-12-25 | World Energy Exchange Corporation | Voice actuated automated futures trading exchange |
US4903201A (en) | 1983-11-03 | 1990-02-20 | World Energy Exchange Corporation | Automated futures trading exchange |
US4674044A (en) * | 1985-01-30 | 1987-06-16 | Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. | Automated securities trading system |
US5136501A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1992-08-04 | Reuters Limited | Anonymous matching system |
US5101353A (en) | 1989-05-31 | 1992-03-31 | Lattice Investments, Inc. | Automated system for providing liquidity to securities markets |
EP0411748A3 (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1991-11-21 | Reuters Limited | System for matching of buyers and sellers with risk minimization |
US5305200A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1994-04-19 | Foreign Exchange Transaction Services, Inc. | Financial exchange system having automated recovery/rollback of unacknowledged orders |
US5297032A (en) | 1991-02-01 | 1994-03-22 | Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated | Securities trading workstation |
US5970479A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1999-10-19 | Swychco Infrastructure Services Pty. Ltd. | Methods and apparatus relating to the formulation and trading of risk management contracts |
US6076068A (en) * | 1992-09-17 | 2000-06-13 | Ad Response Micromarketing Corporation | Coupon delivery system |
IL117424A (en) * | 1995-04-27 | 1999-09-22 | Optimark Tech Inc | Crossing network utilizing satisfaction density profile |
US5689652A (en) | 1995-04-27 | 1997-11-18 | Optimark Technologies, Inc. | Crossing network utilizing optimal mutual satisfaction density profile |
US5664115A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-09-02 | Fraser; Richard | Interactive computer system to match buyers and sellers of real estate, businesses and other property using the internet |
BR9609512A (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1999-12-14 | Ian Kenneth Shepherd | Data processing system and process for the formulation of investment contracts of multiple parties. |
US5715402A (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 1998-02-03 | Spot Metals Online | Method and system for matching sellers and buyers of spot metals |
US6014642A (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 2000-01-11 | Merrill Lynch & Co | System for benefits processing |
US5787402A (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1998-07-28 | Crossmar, Inc. | Method and system for performing automated financial transactions involving foreign currencies |
US5913202A (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 1999-06-15 | Fujitsu Limited | Financial information intermediary system |
US5905974A (en) * | 1996-12-13 | 1999-05-18 | Cantor Fitzgerald Securities | Automated auction protocol processor |
US6317727B1 (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 2001-11-13 | Blackbird Holdings, Inc. | Systems, methods and computer program products for monitoring credit risks in electronic trading systems |
US5978779A (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 1999-11-02 | Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith | Distributed architecture utility |
EP0952536A1 (en) * | 1998-04-21 | 1999-10-27 | Hewlett-Packard Company | System and method for automated trading |
US6035288A (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2000-03-07 | Cendant Publishing, Inc. | Interactive computer-implemented system and method for negotiating sale of goods and/or services |
-
1998
- 1998-11-05 US US09/186,154 patent/US6405180B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-02 SE SE9804170A patent/SE9804170L/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-11-04 WO PCT/SE1999/001994 patent/WO2000028449A2/en active Application Filing
- 1999-11-04 AU AU14351/00A patent/AU1435100A/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110060681A1 (en) * | 1999-08-03 | 2011-03-10 | Woodmansey Robert J | Systems and methods for linking orders in electronic trading systems |
US20110060682A1 (en) * | 1999-08-03 | 2011-03-10 | Woodmansey Robert J | Systems and methods for linking orders in electronic trading systems |
US10055787B2 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2018-08-21 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | Systems and methods for linking orders in electronic trading systems |
US9727916B1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2017-08-08 | Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated | Automated trading exchange system having integrated quote risk monitoring and integrated quote modification services |
US9928550B2 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2018-03-27 | Cboe Exchange, Inc. | Automated trading exchange system having integrated quote risk monitoring and integrated quote modification services |
US20040030630A1 (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2004-02-12 | Om Technology Ab | Trading system |
US7533052B2 (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2009-05-12 | Om Technology Ab | Trading system |
US20090138395A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2009-05-28 | Sunil Gordhan Hirani | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US20110153488A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2011-06-23 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for market order volume clearing in online trading of credit derivatives |
US20080033867A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2008-02-07 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Centralized process for determining deltas for index tranches |
US8645260B2 (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2014-02-04 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for market order volume clearing in online trading of credit derivatives |
US20090076943A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2009-03-19 | Hirani Sunil G | Systems and Methods for an Online Credit Derivative Trading System |
US8838497B2 (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2014-09-16 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US20060036535A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2006-02-16 | Hirani Sunil G | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US8645258B2 (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2014-02-04 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US7587355B2 (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2009-09-08 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US7698208B2 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2010-04-13 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US7716114B2 (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2010-05-11 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US20040143535A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-07-22 | Creditex, Inc. | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US7801805B2 (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2010-09-21 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US20060036534A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2006-02-16 | Hirani Sunil G | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US20080027855A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2008-01-31 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for an online credit derivative trading system |
US20050091142A1 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-04-28 | Cantor Index Llc | System and method for managing the execution of trades between market makers |
US10002385B2 (en) | 2003-10-28 | 2018-06-19 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | Managing the execution of trades between market makers |
US20060020536A1 (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-01-26 | Espeed, Inc. | System and method for managing trading orders received from market makers |
US8200568B2 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2012-06-12 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for managing trading orders received from market makers |
US8818890B2 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2014-08-26 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for managing trading orders received from market makers |
US11222383B2 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2022-01-11 | Bgc Partners, L.P. | System and method for managing trading orders received from market makers |
US20060253353A1 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-11-09 | Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. | Method and system for crossing orders |
US20080215430A1 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2008-09-04 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Credit derivative trading platform |
US10692142B2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2020-06-23 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for processing composite trading orders |
US20110208635A1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2011-08-25 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Credit event fixings |
US7783560B2 (en) | 2006-03-17 | 2010-08-24 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Credit event fixings |
US20070239576A1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-10-11 | Creditex Group Inc. | Credit event fixings |
US8571965B2 (en) | 2007-11-14 | 2013-10-29 | Creditex Group, Inc. | Techniques for reducing delta values of credit risk positions in online trading of credit derivatives |
US20090125451A1 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-14 | Creditex | Techniques for reducing delta values of credit risk positions in online trading of credit derivatives |
US8527391B2 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2013-09-03 | International Securities Exchange, Llc | Quote inactivation system and method for an automated exchange for trading derivative securities |
US20110004540A1 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2011-01-06 | Siverson Robert J | Quote inactivation system and method for an automated exchange for trading derivative securities |
US20150356677A1 (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2015-12-10 | The Nasdaq Omx Group, Inc. | Private fund exchange system |
US10346911B2 (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2019-07-09 | Nasdaq, Inc. | Private fund exchange system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE9804170L (en) | 2000-05-06 |
WO2000028449A3 (en) | 2000-08-17 |
US6405180B2 (en) | 2002-06-11 |
SE9804170D0 (en) | 1998-12-02 |
AU1435100A (en) | 2000-05-29 |
WO2000028449A2 (en) | 2000-05-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6405180B2 (en) | Automated exchange for matching bids between a party and a counterparty based on a relationship between the counterparty and the exchange | |
US6377940B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for setting a price for a security on an automated exchange based on a comparison of prices on other exchanges | |
US7711626B2 (en) | Systems, methods, and computer program products for adjusting the assets of an investment account | |
US7660761B2 (en) | System and method for automated trading | |
US7533052B2 (en) | Trading system | |
US8392320B2 (en) | Routing of orders in equity options by means of a parameterized rules-based routing table | |
US8788397B2 (en) | System and method for trading financial instruments based on undisclosed values | |
US20150199759A1 (en) | Integrated order pre-matching system | |
US20040267655A1 (en) | Method and system for initiating pairs trading across multiple markets having automatic foreign exchange price hedge | |
US20030097328A1 (en) | Method and a system for improved trading derivative contracts and combinations thereof | |
US20090265267A1 (en) | Derivatives trading methods that use a variable order price | |
JP2003509742A (en) | Opening process of trading system | |
US20110029425A1 (en) | Pass through liquidity in a multi-tiered trading system and method | |
US10726485B2 (en) | Determination of banding start price for order evaluation | |
US20160358261A1 (en) | Automated trading system for routing and matching orders | |
EP1208508A1 (en) | Interest matching and price improvement platform method and system | |
JP2012252680A (en) | System and method for reducing curve risk | |
AU2002214004B2 (en) | Computer system and method for hedging a currency exchange rate risk | |
US20040172338A1 (en) | Riskless contingent order matching | |
US20110016036A1 (en) | Systems and methods of facilitating trading of instruments | |
RU2730406C1 (en) | Method for automation of exchange market, providing for transactions with immediate execution |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ISE, LLC, NEW YORK Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TILFORS, JAN;KATZ, GARY;REEL/FRAME:009957/0323 Effective date: 19990416 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, INC., NEW YORK Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE LLC, A NEW YORK LIMITED LIABILITY CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:013203/0035 Effective date: 20020430 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAT HOLDER NO LONGER CLAIMS SMALL ENTITY STATUS, ENTITY STATUS SET TO UNDISCOUNTED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: STOL); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
CC | Certificate of correction | ||
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC, NEW YORK Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:018260/0080 Effective date: 20060810 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 12 |