US20030120786A1 - Simplified-file hyper text protocol - Google Patents
Simplified-file hyper text protocol Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030120786A1 US20030120786A1 US10/364,960 US36496003A US2003120786A1 US 20030120786 A1 US20030120786 A1 US 20030120786A1 US 36496003 A US36496003 A US 36496003A US 2003120786 A1 US2003120786 A1 US 2003120786A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- server
- proxy
- computer
- internet
- web
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/2866—Architectures; Arrangements
- H04L67/2871—Implementation details of single intermediate entities
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
- G06F16/957—Browsing optimisation, e.g. caching or content distillation
- G06F16/9577—Optimising the visualization of content, e.g. distillation of HTML documents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/2866—Architectures; Arrangements
- H04L67/30—Profiles
- H04L67/303—Terminal profiles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/565—Conversion or adaptation of application format or content
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/565—Conversion or adaptation of application format or content
- H04L67/5651—Reducing the amount or size of exchanged application data
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/40—Network security protocols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H2200/00—Computerized interactive toys, e.g. dolls
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/563—Data redirection of data network streams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/08—Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
- H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
- H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
- H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
- H04M1/72445—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality for supporting Internet browser applications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
- H04W80/04—Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol]
Definitions
- the present invention is in the area of apparatus and methods including software for accessing information from the Internet, and providing the accessed information to an end user.
- the invention has, in various embodiments, particular applicability to portable computers powered by batteries and the like used as field units for Internet access.
- One of the penalties typically paid is functionality as related to battery life. That is, if one uses a powerful and fast CPU in a portable computer, the size of the battery must be quite large, and life between charges will be relatively short. For example, it can be shown in general that 100 grams of battery weight, fully charged, will power about 5 ⁇ 10 8 instructions. It is to be understood that this is a general figure, and may vary somewhat for different CPUs, types of batteries, and the like.
- battery life may be extended or optimized.
- power-management techniques may extend battery life by 1.5, use of low-power integrated circuit technology can add another 1.5, sophisticated electrical storage technology another 1.5, and solar recharge perhaps another 1.2.
- the net multiplier, using every means of help is about 5, so a 500 g battery will then power such a computer for about three hours. Five hours is still a relatively short battery lifetime, so sophisticated operations for small, portable computers, such as World Wide Web (WWW) browsing on the Internet, are not, until the time of the present invention, very practical.
- WWW World Wide Web
- a computing system comprising a field computer comprising a display having a specific size and resolution; and a Proxy-Server connected to the field computer by a data link, the Proxy-Server having an Internet port.
- the Proxy-Server is adapted in this preferred embodiment to access Internet servers through the Internet port directed by commands and data received from the field computer, to download data from the Internet servers thus accessed, to transpose the downloaded data by reducing information density, and to transfer the transposed data to the field computer via the data link in a Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) format.
- TCP/IP Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
- a particular advantage in embodiments of the invention accrues in use of portable computers powered by electrical storage cell systems, such as by batteries of various sorts.
- functionality to battery life is significantly extended.
- Hand-held computers with computing power lower than one-hundred thousand instructions per second can be apparently fully functional Internet browsing tools, while enjoying battery life between charges of as much as two weeks, or more.
- the Proxy-Server downloads data comprising WEB pages and transposes the data to match the specific size and resolution of the display of the field computer.
- the Proxy-Server may also accomplish caching functions in handling data from the Internet to a field computer coupled to the Proxy-Server.
- a field computer when a field computer makes a data link with a Proxy-Server adapted according to embodiments of the invention, the field computer transfers to the Proxy-Server information particular to specific characteristics of the field computer, such as the size and resolution of the display of the field computer.
- the Proxy-Server then uses this information in transposing data for transfer to the field computer.
- Various data links known in the art may be used for coupling field computers, such as battery-powered portable units, to a Proxy-Server according to embodiments of the invention.
- These links are telephone modems, both analog and digital, and cordless connections of various types.
- Proxy-Servers adapted to perform the browsing and data transposing functions of embodiments of the invention, and adapted to transmit transposed files to connected field computers can be provided without adapted field computers.
- field computers can be provided for end-users adapted for operation with Proxy-Servers, but may be provided separate from Proxy-Servers.
- Many existing computers including those types generally known as personal organizers, digital assistants, and the like, may be adapted to cooperate with Proxy-Servers according to embodiments of the invention.
- one's adapted personal computer is coupled to a Proxy-Server over a data link such as a telephone modem, and may, according to an aspect of the invention, transfer specific information, such as the type, size, and resolution of the personal computer's display, to the Proxy-Server.
- the Proxy-Server may then browse the World Wide Web according to instructions received from the personal computer, transpose files downloaded from the Web into a form quickly and easily usable by the personal computer, and transmit the transposed data to the personal computer for display. Very large files may become fewer files, and much smaller files in the transposition.
- FIG. 1 is a largely diagrammatical illustration of a Proxy-Server system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of a portable computer and a Proxy-Server from FIG. 1, showing additional detail.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a first part of an exemplary session script between a hand-held computer, a Proxy-Server, and a WEB server according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a second part of the exemplary session script for which FIG. 3 is a first part.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an Uninterrupted Matrix of Inexpensive Servers according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating enhanced E-mail and groupware functions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an overview illustration of a WEB-browsing system according to an embodiment of the present invention wherein a proxy server is not used or needed.
- FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating steps in process flow for operations of a server according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a largely diagrammatical illustration of a computing system 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a hand-held computer 13 is connected via a telephone line 15 through a modem 17 to a first dial-up point 18 , which may be an Internet Service Provider.
- dial-up point 18 is labeled ISP 1 .
- a Proxy-Server 19 according to an embodiment of the present invention is established as a server on the Internet, and a command from unit 13 to ISP 1 results in connection through a TCP/IP pipe 16 to Proxy-Server 19 .
- Proxy-Server 19 is also labeled ISP 2 , for Internet Provider 2 .
- Proxy-Server 19 has links to other Web servers on the Internet as is known in the art, and may open TCP/IP paths 21 to any such Web server.
- connection may be by modem from unit 13 directly to Proxy-Server 19 .
- Proxy-Server 19 may be a node on a LAN at a corporate system.
- communication from unit 13 to Web Servers on the Internet is through Proxy-Server 19 .
- hand-held computer 13 is a high-end personal organizer, such as a Sharp WizardTM personal organizer.
- the hand-held computer can be any one of a large number of commercially available computing devices with a broad range of capabilities, including those devices known as personal digital assistants (PDAs).
- PDAs personal digital assistants
- the computer used by a person to access and interact with the Proxy-Server in practicing the present invention need not be a hand-held, or even a portable computer in the sense the terms are used in the art.
- capabilities of a field unit according to the present invention are built into a set-top box for a TV system or directly into a TV set.
- field computer or field unit are used to generally indicate a computer used anywhere for primary Internet access, whether through and in cooperation with a Proxy-Server according to an embodiment of the present invention, or not.
- the present invention is not limited to hand-held, battery-powered computers, but is applicable to personal computers of all types, the techniques of the invention are particularly advantageous when used with portable, battery powered devices as filed units, because they provide a way to accomplish relatively sophisticated computer operations with low-end, low-power CPUs. This technique is particularly effective in saving power relative to functionality, which provides greatly extended battery life.
- computer 13 has a modem 17 , and is connected via phone lines 15 to a Proxy-Server 19 , as described above, such as through a first dial-up point.
- a Proxy-Server 19 This connection is convenient, but not required.
- computer 13 may be connected to the Internet, or to a similar Proxy-Server without telephone lines, such as by a satellite link or cable modem, or by a combination of data links.
- the modem shown may be a built-in modem or an external modem, and may also be either an analog modem or a digital link such as an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) modem.
- ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
- Proxy-Server 19 in this arrangement is unique. In a conventional system, proxy-servers, if used at all, are used only for caching and security. In embodiments of the present invention the Proxy-Server performs much of the computing that computer 13 would otherwise be obliged to perform. Proxy-Server 19 and its functionality with computer 13 is described in more detail below.
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatical illustration of hand-held computer 13 , Proxy-Server 19 , and WEB server 23 from FIG. 1 showing additional detail.
- computer 13 is shown connected directly to Proxy-Server 19 , but could be connected by a number of ways, as is described more generally above.
- Computer 13 has a CPU 25 , a memory 27 , video adapter circuitry 29 , and modem 17 all communicating on bus 31 .
- Video circuitry 29 drives a display 33 .
- Memory 27 may be any of a number of types, such as flash, random access (RAM), read-only (ROM) or similar type, or a combination of these. There may be other components as well, but these are not shown to facilitate description of the unique aspects of this embodiment of the invention.
- the hardware arrangement is intentionally shown as general, and is meant to represent a broad variety of architectures, which depend on the particular computing device used.
- Proxy-Server 19 is a relatively sophisticated and powerful computer typical of computers used as WEB servers, although the use in this embodiment of Proxy-Server 19 is not the conventional or typical functions of a WEB server as known in the art.
- Proxy-Server 19 has a CPU 39 , a memory 41 and a means of connecting to a network.
- the network connecting means in this embodiment is a modem 35 communicating on a bus 47 .
- the network connecting means may be a network adapter or other.
- Modem 35 in the embodiment shown is compatible with modem 17 in computer 13 .
- link 15 may be of a different sort, and connection may be made through a dial-up point as shown in FIG. 1.
- a communication port 37 connects to communication link 21 (FIG. 1), providing communication with conventional WEB server 23 , which represent any WEB server that may be accessed on the World Wide Web.
- Port 37 and link 21 may be any of several types.
- server 23 and server 19 will be nodes on a local area network (LAN), and the link between the two servers will be a serial network link with port 37 being a LAN card according to any of a number of well-known protocols.
- link 21 may be another telephone line, and port 37 will be a telephone modem. In still other embodiments, this link could be a parallel communication link.
- Proxy-Server 19 exists in this embodiment of the invention to perform functions enabling hand-held computer 13 to operate as an apparently powerful web-browsing machine, even though the stand-alone capability of computer 13 will not even begin to support such functionality.
- a computer to be a fully-functional web-browsing system requires a high-performance CPU and execution of relatively sophisticated web-browsing and display applications.
- Such a computer typically has to operate, as described above, at or above a million instructions per second.
- Proxy-Server 19 executes a program 45 the inventor terms an InterBrowser.
- the InterBrowser combines functionality of a conventional web browser with special functions for recognition of and communication with hand-held computer 13 .
- Commands from computer 13 such as, for example, a command to access a WEB page on the World Wide Web, are received by Proxy-Server 19 operating the InterBrowser program, and acted upon as though they are commands received from a conventional input device such as a keyboard.
- Proxy-Server 19 accesses the appropriate server (in this case server 23 ) over link 21 , and downloads the appropriate data over link 21 .
- Proxy-Server 19 therefore has HTML and TCP/IP capability, and typically has access to and capability of executing a host of other routines as known in the art for supporting WEB browsing and accessing data through the World Wide Web. These routines and this functionality are all very well-known to those with skill in the art.
- Proxy-Server 19 instead of displaying the downloaded data (or playing video and/or audio output, as the case may be, depending on the downloaded data), translates the data to a simpler communication protocol and sends the data to computer 13 for output over link 15 in a TCP/IP protocol.
- Link 15 becomes a dedicated TCP/IP pipe to and from Proxy-Server 19 .
- Proxy-Server 19 thus acts as a proxy for computer 13 , performing those functions of WEB browsing computer 13 cannot perform.
- NanoBrowser 43 sends commands entered at computer 13 over link 15 to Proxy-Server 19 and accepts data from Proxy-Server 19 to be displayed on display 33 . Data is transferred in a protocol the inventor terms HT-Lite.
- the NanoBrowser also provides for interactive selection of links and entry into fields in displays, as is typical for WEB pages displayed on a computer screen. The NanoBrowser provides for accepting such entry, packaging data packets in TCP/IP form, and forwarding such data to Proxy-Server 19 , where much greater computer power provides for efficient processing.
- One of the processing tasks that has to conventionally occur at the browser's computer is processing of received data into a format to be displayed on whatever display the user has
- An ID match when connecting a hand-held unit to the Proxy-Server provides the Proxy-Server with information about the hand-held unit, such as CPU type and power, screen size, type and resolution, presence of a pointer device, and sound capability.
- the Proxy-Server uses this specific information to translate HTML and other files from the Internet to a form readily usable without extensive additional processing by the hand-held unit.
- a 60 k/70 k JPEG file becomes a 2 k/4 k bit map, for example.
- multi-file pages are recombined into single file pages. This translation also minimizes bandwidth requirement for link 15 , and speeds transmission of data.
- Proxy-Server It is in this ability of the Proxy-Server to do the heavy computing, of which the translation of HTML files is a single example, that is responsible for a unique ability of hand-held devices in practicing embodiments of the present invention to accomplish functions that they could not otherwise accomplish, and to do so without inordinate usage of stored energy.
- hand-held devices with CPUs having an ability to run at from 0.001 to 0.05 MIPs can serve as WEB browsers, displaying WEB pages and allowing users to initiate on-screen links and to input data into input fields.
- practicing the present invention can provide an advantage of up to 2000 ⁇ , resulting in battery life approaching 2 weeks (given a 100 g battery weight), where expected battery life for similar functionality with a powerful CPU was calculated as 8 minutes.
- a database having variable data such as appointment schedules for employees may be accessed from several different points, such as from a computer at home, a computer on a network at the office, and a hand-held computer in the field, through a Proxy-Server connection.
- date and time monitoring may be used so files in different locations may be updated when connection is made between units having different versions of a file.
- access may be provided selectively, so, if preferred, only certain persons may have access to certain files. For example, one user could grant another access to his or her appointment schedule, such that one could make an appointment for oneself on another's appointment schedule.
- NanoBrowser is a minimum browser routine termed by the inventor a NanoBrowser.
- the NanoBrowser is capable of exerting a URL over the modem connection to access the Proxy-Server. Theoretically, one could exert a URL of a WEB site other than the Proxy-Server, but the result would be an unusable connection, as the small hand-held unit would not be able to handle the sophisticated data provided to be downloaded.
- Connection to the Proxy-Server provides the Proxy-Server with information as to the subscriber and the subscriber's equipment. These operations proceed in a manner well-known in the art for such log-on and security transactions. Once access is extended to the user, an interface is provided for the user to browse in a manner very similar to well-known WEB interfaces. That is, the user's display provides an entry field for a URL which is asserted by an enter key or the like. There may also be an address book for often-visited sites, as is common with more powerful machines.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 together form an example of a session script between hand-held computer 13 , Proxy-Server 19 , and any WEB server 23 .
- These figures are used herein to describe important functions of the NanoBrowser incorporated in computer unit 13 , and the InterBrowser, incorporated in Proxy-Server 19 , as well as to illustrate methods in practicing the present invention.
- FIG. 3 the figure is divided generally into three columns (as is FIG. 4), one for functions performed at computer field unit 13 , a middle column for functions performed at Proxy-Server 19 , and a third column for functions performed at WEB server 23 .
- a user turns on the hand-held computer. It is assumed at this point that a data link is established between the hand-held and Proxy-Server 19 , which is represented in FIG. 3 and in FIG. 4 by the boundary between the left column and the center column. As previously described, this interface can be of any convenient sort, such as an analog telephone modem.
- a menu is presented to the user. One of the selections (by virtue of the NanoBrowser software) is Browse/Mail.
- step 49 the user selects Browse/Mail.
- the Browse/Mail selection is exemplary. Initiation of communication with the Proxy-Server could be accomplished in other ways.
- Routines in the NanoBrowser respond to the Browse/Mail selection by presenting the necessary interface for the user to access his/her subscribed Internet provider. At step 53 this interface is presented and the user makes the necessary inputs to establish the provider connection.
- the present example assumes connection and operation through an Internet provider, wherein the subscriber's status is that of a Proxy-Server subscriber, although this is not the only arrangement within the scope of the invention.
- Employees of a corporation might, for example, log on to a server on a company network.
- connection to the Internet provider is made at step 55 .
- action is taken to establish an Internet Protocol (IP) connection to a Proxy-Server according to the present invention.
- IP Internet Protocol
- Initial communication from the connected hand-held causes the Proxy-Server to open a port and establish the connection at step 59 .
- the user logs on by entering a user name and password and the field unit identifies itself with its ID.
- the Proxy-Server compares the entered password and ID with stored records, and derives a signature for the unit.
- the Proxy-Server decides whether the information is correct. If the Log-On is valid, control passes to step 67 , and the Proxy-Server acknowledges the successful log-on to the hand-held unit at step 69 . If the log-on is not valid, control in the Proxy-Server goes from step 65 to step 71 , and the Proxy-Server disconnects from the hand-held unit. The Proxy-Server then waits for a new ID request (step 73 ).
- control passes from step 74 back to step 53 , and the user is provided another opportunity to log on.
- Control continuity from the hand-held unit to further steps in FIG. 4 is indicated by line 76 .
- the control continuity to FIG. 4 is indicated by line 78 .
- FIG. 4 is a continuation of FIG. 3, continuity lines 76 and 78 are shown at the top of the figure.
- step 79 a request is sent from the hand-held (after having been entered by the user) to access a page on the WWW.
- This request is represented by the URL WWW.
- Any.Com which can be any valid Universal Resource Locator (URL) for the Internet.
- the Proxy-Server receives this request.
- the proxy server processes the request from the hand-held and at step 83 issues a new request through its own full-service browser, through its connection to the Internet, to access WWW.Any.Com.
- the WWW server at WWW.Any.Com receives the request from the Proxy-Server and at step 87 sends its home page HTML file, represented as Home.HTML, to the Proxy-Server.
- the Proxy-Server receives Home.HTML.
- Home pages typically contain at least one image file, which in many cases is a JPG file. Accordingly, at least two files must be downloaded to display a home page.
- a request for a JPG image file is sent by the Proxy-Server.
- the Proxy-Server receives this request at step 93 and send the image file to the Proxy-Server at step 95 .
- the Proxy-Server receives the image file at step 97 . There may be many more files than this, but a minimum representation has been made for simplicity in description.
- the Proxy-Server converts all of the .jpg files to a dithered bitmap format according to information associated with the user ID received from the hand-held at log-on. This ID establishes the size and resolution of the hand-held's display, for example, and the bitmap created from the .jpg files is scaled to the hand-held's display.
- the Proxy-Server assembles all of these files into a single HT-Lite (HTL) file for transfer to the hand-held.
- HTTP HT-Lite
- step 103 the new HTL file is transmitted to the hand-held unit.
- the hand-held receives at step 107 the single HTL file prepared from the several HTML files received by the Proxy-Server.
- step 109 the hand-held awaits new user input, such as, for example, a request to jump to a related page.
- field computers of many sorts may be used for connecting to the Internet through a Proxy-Server according to embodiments of the present invention, although there are particular advantages in using small, inexpensive, battery-powered, hand-held field units.
- information relating to the field unit used by each subscriber is recorded at the Proxy-Server (or available to the Proxy-Server), and, upon connection, the Proxy-Server accesses this information, and uses it in transposing files for a particular unit.
- a display used by a field unit will be large enough to display an entire page from the WWW. In other cases, it will be preferable to present just a part of an entire page, because the display of the field unit may be too small to provide an entire page with adequate resolution. In these cases it will be necessary to zoom and pan to see an entire page.
- a field unit is provided with an auxiliary small display, to present information relative to the position on a page that may be presented on the main screen, as an aid in panning to other parts of the page.
- Audio may be downloaded in many cases as well.
- software often termed a “media player” is provided to be downloaded from the same source to be used by the connecting computer in processing the audio data.
- the present structure of the Internet WWW is such that users are assumed to have certain kinds of equipment of sufficient computing power to do Web browsing and to operate media players.
- media players are typically provided for IBM-compatible PC, Macintosh, or Sun systems.
- a hand-held computer is provided, for example, with a CPU, a ROM having embedded NanoBrowser software, a main display, and an auxiliary display for indicating page position for panning and the like.
- a microphone and a speaker are also provided, and the on-board software includes routines for processing audio in both directions, to and from the Proxy-Server.
- a digital camera apparatus is provided with the hand-held unit, and a user can snap digital pictures and send the data to the Proxy-Server or to any other machine on the Internet by E-mail.
- very useful systems are provided for field operatives of such as insurance companies to do field work.
- Another form of field unit according to the present invention is a TV-type unit having a low-end CPU and embedded NanoBrowser software according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Home TV-computer technology may thus be provided through a Proxy-Server connection at a cost very much below currently available systems.
- Proxy-Server connection may thus be provided through a Proxy-Server connection at a cost very much below currently available systems.
- Such units will also be attractive for use in hotels, as they expand on existing information systems using TV sets in hotel rooms.
- Intranet systems scheduling, ordering, instructions, travel arrangements, and the like can be extensively interactive.
- a secretary may access an appointment schedule file using a regular PC connected to the Internet, the schedule for an employee temporarily inaccessible (in the middle of the night in Moscow, for example, while the employee may be sleeping) and make adjustments in the employee's appointments.
- the appointment calendar in the employee's unit is compared by date and time stamp, and automatically updated as necessary, following preset rules for conflict resolution.
- An advantage inherent in different embodiments of the present invention is that future improvements in HTML, specific WEB browsing applications, and helper applications need not be installed on the field units used in practicing the invention. Such improvements need only be made in the Proxy-Server.
- the Proxy-Server can also be updated to do the best translation possible for such improvements.
- Proxy-Servers adapted to embodiments of the present invention may be provided by commercial Internet providers, thereby providing their customers with extended functionality for small and inexpensive computer units, lowering the expense and complexity typically required of machines that may be expected to access the Internet.
- customers of such providers could browse the Internet and download and display sophisticated files with existing inexpensive portable computers, personal digital assistants, and digital organizers. This feature promises to dramatically increase accessibility to the Internet, and to lower barriers to entering the Internet world for many people who could otherwise not afford to do so.
- caching is provided, whereby data downloaded from other Internet servers accessed according to commands entered by users in the field having units connected to the Proxy-Server, may be temporarily stored before or after translation for field units, enhancing viewing speed dramatically at the field units.
- Proxy-Server may serve a large number of hand-held computers, giving each served computer a functionality far beyond what it could otherwise provide given its power and cost.
- Current estimates indicate that a single Proxy-Server may serve 100 or more field units simultaneously. Since statistically not all subscribers may be expected to be using their field units at the same time, one such Proxy-Server could serve perhaps 2000 subscribers.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a UMIS system 111 wherein relatively small, inexpensive servers 113 , each with its own hard disks, are interconnected in a network protocol with a router 115 and a mirroring traffic cop server 117 .
- UMIS Un-interrupted Matrix of Inexpensive Servers
- An incoming request is directed to the traffic cop, which is a mirroring system, so that in case one unit fails, the other can take over without interruption.
- the traffic cop determines that availability and load of all IS's on a regular basis by connecting a requesting a load number (timeout is regarded as failure of that IS), so it can direct requests to the lowest loaded IS. If an IS fails, the traffic cop will learn of it at the next round, and can notify a system supervisor. The load is then shared between the remaining units. Also, a failure of one of the mirroring units triggers a notification to the supervisor. An escalation can be added via e-mail and pagers until proper action is taken.
- the IS units are like drawers that fit into a rack, and have a red light that goes on when and if they fail. This way, service personnel can see immediately which unit needs to be exchanged.
- FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating the nature of such functionality.
- the functions illustrated by the flow diagram of FIG. 6 are accomplished by executing software either on a Proxy-Server or at a separate mail server which may be accessed by a Proxy-Server according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the routines depicted here are a modified version of SendMail routines known in the art.
- Modified SendMail is active.
- incoming mail is received.
- file system 123 there are three file systems 123 , 125 , and 127 for storing E-mail in different versions.
- a text copy is saved in file system 123 according to Post Office Protocol, revision 3 (POP-30 format, known in the art.
- POP-30 format Post Office Protocol, revision 3
- a copy of the received E-mail entity is saved in HTML format, for WEB mail.
- a copy of the entity is saved in HTL format, compatible with the communication protocol for HT-Lite used between a field unit and a Proxy-Server in embodiments of the present invention.
- an HTML index is updated.
- an HTL index is updated.
- a discrimination is made as to whether data received is flagged to update a GroupWare database. If not, the process ends at step 141 . If so, the appropriate database is updated at step 143 in file system 145 . Examples of such databases are an appointment schedule, a ToDo list, a project file, a contacts file, and resumes. There are many more databases that might be updated as well.
- notification of changes in a database are sent to appropriate offsite addresses. The process ends at step 149 until another E-mail message is received.
- E-mail may be shared in the conventional POP 3 manner, sent as HTML with a WEB page, or sent over a TCP/IP pipe as an HT-Lite file directly to a field unit having a NanoBrowser according to the present invention.
- the Internet links may be used to manipulate the scheduling and other GroupWare functions described.
- the technology disclosed here relative to E-mail and GroupWare functions can be applied to other massive server functions; it is not limited to the Proxy-Server of the present invention.
- the objectives of the invention may be met without the necessity of having a proxy server between the user's device, such as a hand-held personal computer, and other servers on the world-wide web (WWW).
- a proxy server between the user's device, such as a hand-held personal computer, and other servers on the world-wide web (WWW).
- the unique proxy server accomplishes certain translations and processes that allow quick and efficient integration of data with a user's device.
- the proxy server in a preferred embodiment first processes data requested to be transmitted to a specific user's device according to pre-stored characteristics of the specific user's device, or according to characteristics transmitted by the user's device. For example, graphics are processed to provide specific resolution and size according to the specific user's display. Also only multi-media extensions supported by the user's device are used, and data is preferably combined into one file for each transfer. In this manner, each communication with each user's device is done in a fast and efficient manner, tailored to the needs of each user, and the user can then function with a minimum hardware/software device that may be energy efficient providing long life between battery charges.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an architecture for a system according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- a server 702 capable of conventional HTTP or HTTPS communication is enhanced to provide an alternative Simplified File Hyper Text Protocol (SFHTP) capability, and this server may then communicate over the Internet with hand-held computers 703 in a manner to significantly enhance communication speed and efficiency.
- SFHTP Simplified File Hyper Text Protocol
- the difference between a conventional server and an SFHTP sever according to this embodiment of the present invention is in the control routines.
- FIG. 8 is a process flow diagram illustrating steps followed by a SFHTP-enhanced server according a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- a request for service is received at step 801 by a Web Server enhanced according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the server through its on-board CPU examines the request. If the request is a conventional HTTP or HTTPS request, control goes to step 803 , and processing is according to conventional routines as provided for any conventional HTTP request. If the request, however, is a unique SFHTP request according to an embodiment of the present invention, control is passed to a unique set of control routines beginning with step 810 .
- the request received may be from a subscriber for SFHTP services or from a conventional subscriber.
- the difference for a SFHTP subscriber may be accomplished in a number of ways.
- the request may be tagged by a single additional bit or character, or several additional data bits, in a manner that a conventional server (not enhanced for SFHTP services) will simply ignore or error flag the request.
- An SFHTP subscriber's usually minimally capable device may proceed to interact with the conventional server, albeit at a greatly reduced speed and with minimum features.
- the type and functionality of the user's device is established. As described above, this may be by matching an ID provided in the request with a list of functionality and characteristics previously provided by the user and stored at the enhanced server, or an interaction may be established wherein the user's device transfers the list of available features to the enhanced server.
- the list of available features can include such things as screen type, size and resolution; sound options; telephony; credit capabilities (card readers); media players; and the like.
- step 811 the control routines of the enhanced server begin to create the best fit in multimedia content for the requested data according to the user's device capabilities and characteristics.
- This process includes step 820 wherein the system of the invention determines if a best fit is immediately available. If so, control goes on to step 812 . If not, in a preferred embodiment a best fit is generated and stored at step 821 , and then control passes on the step 812 .
- a graphic is created having the size and resolution of the requesting user's display, and that picture is stored for future use. If the same user or a user having a device with the same display characteristics later requests this picture, it may be retrieved and sent immediately without the need for generating the best fit.
- a single file is composed using the requested information processed according to the best multimedia fit for the user's device. That file is then transmitted to the user at step 813 .
- the file transmitted to the user is attuned exactly to the user's needs, and may be directly displayed without heavy software overhead at the user's device, thereby enabling the user to maintain a minimally-configured and powered device.
- the single file transmitted to the user contains the data for the static part of a WEB page to be displayed. It may still contain animation, but no new data. It may contain information on opening connections for continuous data type operations, such as telephony, broadcast, video, virtual reality, and so forth. After the file is sent the instant session is terminated. Eventually opened communications may stay open however, until they are closed by either the user of by the server.
Abstract
A system is provided wherein relatively low-end computers, such as portable, battery-powered computers ordinarily incapable of sophisticated Internet browsing functions may be used to browse the Internet. The enhanced computing ability for such portables is provided by a unique Internet server adapted for transposing data files to alternative, low-information-density form, preferably comprising simplified or single files suitable for rapid processing and display by connected portable and other low-end computers In embodiments wherein batter-powered field units are used, battery life is exhibited far beyond what would be expected for a battery-powered computer with computing power for browsing the Internet directly. In some embodiments of the invention adapted files are saved and identified for future use in communicating with specific devices over Internet connections.
Description
- The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/506,107 filed Feb. 17, 2000, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/791,249 filed Jan. 30, 1997 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,076,109, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/629,475 filed Apr. 10, 1996 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,727,159.
- The present invention is in the area of apparatus and methods including software for accessing information from the Internet, and providing the accessed information to an end user. The invention has, in various embodiments, particular applicability to portable computers powered by batteries and the like used as field units for Internet access.
- There are many motivations to computer development, depending largely on targeted customer groups. For example, a certified public accountant needs to run applications having to do with accounting, taxes, financial planning, and the like, while a fiction writer may wish only to use a computer as a word processor. The kind of system one of these people might choose to own may be vastly different from the type the other would purchase. Manufacturers plan their research and development to produce products that appeal to their targeted customer bases.
- Even with the considerable differences in needs between different consumer groups, there are still many commonly desirable traits in computer development. For example, regardless of the ultimate functionality of a particular sort of computer, a low cost to manufacture is a desirable characteristic. Another desirable characteristic is portability. There are advantages to being able to easily move one's computing tool from place to place, and even greater advantages to having a portable computer small enough to carry in a pocket or purse.
- Even though portability and small size is generally desirable, power and functionality are always desirable as well, and these characteristics are competitive. Conventionally and historically one pays a penalty for small size and portability.
- One of the penalties typically paid is functionality as related to battery life. That is, if one uses a powerful and fast CPU in a portable computer, the size of the battery must be quite large, and life between charges will be relatively short. For example, it can be shown in general that 100 grams of battery weight, fully charged, will power about 5×108 instructions. It is to be understood that this is a general figure, and may vary somewhat for different CPUs, types of batteries, and the like.
- Given the figure above relating battery weight to a number of instructions for illustrative purposes, if a portable computer is to be provided with ability to execute relatively high-overhead applications, such a HTML files in Internet applications, the CPU for the portable computer will have to operate at 1 to 2 MIPS (million instructions per second). Assuming 1 MIPS, a battery weight of 100 g. will discharge in about 8 minutes. A five hundred gram (a little over one pound) battery will provide a life between charges of about 41 minutes.
- It is seen, then, that as applications and desired functions for personal computers become more sophisticated, it becomes ever more difficult to provide theses applications and functions for small, personal, battery-powered computers.
- There are some ways that battery life may be extended or optimized. For example, power-management techniques may extend battery life by 1.5, use of low-power integrated circuit technology can add another 1.5, sophisticated electrical storage technology another 1.5, and solar recharge perhaps another 1.2. The net multiplier, using every means of help is about 5, so a 500 g battery will then power such a computer for about three hours. Five hours is still a relatively short battery lifetime, so sophisticated operations for small, portable computers, such as World Wide Web (WWW) browsing on the Internet, are not, until the time of the present invention, very practical.
- Further to the above discussion, as the global network of connected databases known as the World Wide Web continues to grow, social and political concerns grow as well. Many are concerned that the expense and complexity of end-use computers suitable for WEB browsing is a formidable barrier to increased information access by disadvantaged millions, for which WEB access may be seen as a tool for empowerment and social and political advancement.
- What is clearly needed is apparatus and methods whereby sophisticated operations like Web browsing and the like may be accomplished with small, battery-powered portable computers, such as hand-held computers, while also accomplishing a life-between-charges of a week or more, without requiring especially heavy batteries.
- In a preferred embodiment of the invention a computing system is provided comprising a field computer comprising a display having a specific size and resolution; and a Proxy-Server connected to the field computer by a data link, the Proxy-Server having an Internet port. The Proxy-Server is adapted in this preferred embodiment to access Internet servers through the Internet port directed by commands and data received from the field computer, to download data from the Internet servers thus accessed, to transpose the downloaded data by reducing information density, and to transfer the transposed data to the field computer via the data link in a Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) format.
- A particular advantage in embodiments of the invention accrues in use of portable computers powered by electrical storage cell systems, such as by batteries of various sorts. In these embodiments functionality to battery life is significantly extended. Hand-held computers with computing power lower than one-hundred thousand instructions per second can be apparently fully functional Internet browsing tools, while enjoying battery life between charges of as much as two weeks, or more.
- In various embodiments of the invention the Proxy-Server downloads data comprising WEB pages and transposes the data to match the specific size and resolution of the display of the field computer. The Proxy-Server may also accomplish caching functions in handling data from the Internet to a field computer coupled to the Proxy-Server.
- Also in some preferred embodiments of the invention, when a field computer makes a data link with a Proxy-Server adapted according to embodiments of the invention, the field computer transfers to the Proxy-Server information particular to specific characteristics of the field computer, such as the size and resolution of the display of the field computer. The Proxy-Server then uses this information in transposing data for transfer to the field computer.
- Various data links known in the art may be used for coupling field computers, such as battery-powered portable units, to a Proxy-Server according to embodiments of the invention. Among these links are telephone modems, both analog and digital, and cordless connections of various types.
- Elements of the invention in various aspects can be provided separately to be generally compatible in operation. For example, Proxy-Servers adapted to perform the browsing and data transposing functions of embodiments of the invention, and adapted to transmit transposed files to connected field computers can be provided without adapted field computers. Moreover, field computers can be provided for end-users adapted for operation with Proxy-Servers, but may be provided separate from Proxy-Servers. Many existing computers, including those types generally known as personal organizers, digital assistants, and the like, may be adapted to cooperate with Proxy-Servers according to embodiments of the invention.
- Further to the above, various items of software can also be provided according to and compatible with hardware devices and systems independently of the hardware devices and systems.
- In practicing the invention, one's adapted personal computer is coupled to a Proxy-Server over a data link such as a telephone modem, and may, according to an aspect of the invention, transfer specific information, such as the type, size, and resolution of the personal computer's display, to the Proxy-Server. The Proxy-Server may then browse the World Wide Web according to instructions received from the personal computer, transpose files downloaded from the Web into a form quickly and easily usable by the personal computer, and transmit the transposed data to the personal computer for display. Very large files may become fewer files, and much smaller files in the transposition.
- There are many benefits to be expected from practicing various embodiments of this invention. For example, low-end, hand-held computers, including such units known generally as personal organizers and personal digital assistants (PDAs), now become fully-functional Web browsers. This effect alone extends the use of the Web dramatically to people and institutions that might otherwise be excluded from the exponentially growing body of human knowledge available. The benefits extend to schoolrooms as well as to the homes of potential users. Accessibility is also significantly advanced for cultures and countries where such technology might not be available soon, or ever. There are many such social and cultural benefits. In addition, there are the clear benefits of power-saving, produced by the very efficient use of computing power at the Proxy-Servers of the invention, rather than at the computers in the field.
- In addition, combination designs of televisions and computers, which are just being offered at the time of this patent application, could benefit from incorporation of features of this invention, wherein much of the computing load could be carried by a Proxy-Server, allowing simplicity and lower-end CPUs to be used at the TV apparatus. In alternative embodiments, computing power no longer needed could be used for other tasks, such as providing a soft-modem. Reduced file size in such applications will also provide faster loading, which will be important for some time to come, because analog phone lines will continue to be the principal carriers in the near future.
- FIG. 1 is a largely diagrammatical illustration of a Proxy-Server system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of a portable computer and a Proxy-Server from FIG. 1, showing additional detail.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a first part of an exemplary session script between a hand-held computer, a Proxy-Server, and a WEB server according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a second part of the exemplary session script for which FIG. 3 is a first part.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an Uninterrupted Matrix of Inexpensive Servers according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating enhanced E-mail and groupware functions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an overview illustration of a WEB-browsing system according to an embodiment of the present invention wherein a proxy server is not used or needed.
- FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating steps in process flow for operations of a server according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a largely diagrammatical illustration of a
computing system 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment a hand-heldcomputer 13 is connected via atelephone line 15 through amodem 17 to a first dial-uppoint 18, which may be an Internet Service Provider. Accordingly, dial-uppoint 18 is labeled ISP 1. In this arrangement a Proxy-Server 19 according to an embodiment of the present invention is established as a server on the Internet, and a command fromunit 13 to ISP 1 results in connection through a TCP/IP pipe 16 to Proxy-Server 19. Proxy-Server 19 is also labeledISP 2, forInternet Provider 2. Proxy-Server 19 has links to other Web servers on the Internet as is known in the art, and may open TCP/IP paths 21 to any such Web server. - In alternative arrangements, connection may be by modem from
unit 13 directly to Proxy-Server 19. Alternatively, Proxy-Server 19 may be a node on a LAN at a corporate system. In all cases of embodiments of the invention, communication fromunit 13 to Web Servers on the Internet is through Proxy-Server 19. - In this embodiment hand-held
computer 13 is a high-end personal organizer, such as a Sharp Wizard™ personal organizer. The hand-held computer, however, can be any one of a large number of commercially available computing devices with a broad range of capabilities, including those devices known as personal digital assistants (PDAs). In other embodiments and aspects of the present invention, the computer used by a person to access and interact with the Proxy-Server in practicing the present invention need not be a hand-held, or even a portable computer in the sense the terms are used in the art. In some aspects, capabilities of a field unit according to the present invention are built into a set-top box for a TV system or directly into a TV set. - Most computers capable of modem communication can serve to practice the invention, and, in the following discussion, the terms field computer or field unit are used to generally indicate a computer used anywhere for primary Internet access, whether through and in cooperation with a Proxy-Server according to an embodiment of the present invention, or not.
- Even though the present invention is not limited to hand-held, battery-powered computers, but is applicable to personal computers of all types, the techniques of the invention are particularly advantageous when used with portable, battery powered devices as filed units, because they provide a way to accomplish relatively sophisticated computer operations with low-end, low-power CPUs. This technique is particularly effective in saving power relative to functionality, which provides greatly extended battery life.
- Returning to FIG. 1, in this arrangement,
computer 13 has amodem 17, and is connected viaphone lines 15 to a Proxy-Server 19, as described above, such as through a first dial-up point. This connection is convenient, but not required. There are a number ofother ways computer 13 may be connected to the Internet, or to a similar Proxy-Server without telephone lines, such as by a satellite link or cable modem, or by a combination of data links. Also, the modem shown may be a built-in modem or an external modem, and may also be either an analog modem or a digital link such as an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) modem. - Proxy-
Server 19 in this arrangement is unique. In a conventional system, proxy-servers, if used at all, are used only for caching and security. In embodiments of the present invention the Proxy-Server performs much of the computing thatcomputer 13 would otherwise be obliged to perform. Proxy-Server 19 and its functionality withcomputer 13 is described in more detail below. - FIG. 2 is a diagrammatical illustration of hand-held
computer 13, Proxy-Server 19, andWEB server 23 from FIG. 1 showing additional detail. In FIG. 2,computer 13 is shown connected directly to Proxy-Server 19, but could be connected by a number of ways, as is described more generally above. -
Computer 13 has aCPU 25, amemory 27,video adapter circuitry 29, andmodem 17 all communicating onbus 31.Video circuitry 29 drives adisplay 33.Memory 27 may be any of a number of types, such as flash, random access (RAM), read-only (ROM) or similar type, or a combination of these. There may be other components as well, but these are not shown to facilitate description of the unique aspects of this embodiment of the invention. The hardware arrangement is intentionally shown as general, and is meant to represent a broad variety of architectures, which depend on the particular computing device used. - Proxy-
Server 19 is a relatively sophisticated and powerful computer typical of computers used as WEB servers, although the use in this embodiment of Proxy-Server 19 is not the conventional or typical functions of a WEB server as known in the art. Proxy-Server 19 has aCPU 39, amemory 41 and a means of connecting to a network. The network connecting means in this embodiment is amodem 35 communicating on abus 47. In other embodiments the network connecting means may be a network adapter or other. -
Modem 35 in the embodiment shown is compatible withmodem 17 incomputer 13. In other embodiments link 15 may be of a different sort, and connection may be made through a dial-up point as shown in FIG. 1. Acommunication port 37 connects to communication link 21 (FIG. 1), providing communication withconventional WEB server 23, which represent any WEB server that may be accessed on the World Wide Web. -
Port 37 and link 21 may be any of several types. In some embodiments,server 23 andserver 19 will be nodes on a local area network (LAN), and the link between the two servers will be a serial network link withport 37 being a LAN card according to any of a number of well-known protocols. In other embodiments link 21 may be another telephone line, andport 37 will be a telephone modem. In still other embodiments, this link could be a parallel communication link. - Proxy-
Server 19 exists in this embodiment of the invention to perform functions enabling hand-heldcomputer 13 to operate as an apparently powerful web-browsing machine, even though the stand-alone capability ofcomputer 13 will not even begin to support such functionality. As is well-known in the art, for a computer to be a fully-functional web-browsing system requires a high-performance CPU and execution of relatively sophisticated web-browsing and display applications. Such a computer typically has to operate, as described above, at or above a million instructions per second. - In the embodiment of the present invention shown by FIGS. 1 and 2 Proxy-
Server 19 executes aprogram 45 the inventor terms an InterBrowser. The InterBrowser combines functionality of a conventional web browser with special functions for recognition of and communication with hand-heldcomputer 13. Commands fromcomputer 13, such as, for example, a command to access a WEB page on the World Wide Web, are received by Proxy-Server 19 operating the InterBrowser program, and acted upon as though they are commands received from a conventional input device such as a keyboard. - Following the example of a command communicated over
link 15 fromcomputer 13 for accessing a WEB page (typically a Universal Resource Locator (URL), Proxy-Server 19 accesses the appropriate server (in this case server 23) overlink 21, and downloads the appropriate data overlink 21. Proxy-Server 19 therefore has HTML and TCP/IP capability, and typically has access to and capability of executing a host of other routines as known in the art for supporting WEB browsing and accessing data through the World Wide Web. These routines and this functionality are all very well-known to those with skill in the art. - Proxy-
Server 19, instead of displaying the downloaded data (or playing video and/or audio output, as the case may be, depending on the downloaded data), translates the data to a simpler communication protocol and sends the data tocomputer 13 for output overlink 15 in a TCP/IP protocol.Link 15 becomes a dedicated TCP/IP pipe to and from Proxy-Server 19. Proxy-Server 19 thus acts as a proxy forcomputer 13, performing those functions ofWEB browsing computer 13 cannot perform. -
Computer 13 through execution of a program the inventor terms aNanoBrowser 43 sends commands entered atcomputer 13 overlink 15 to Proxy-Server 19 and accepts data from Proxy-Server 19 to be displayed ondisplay 33. Data is transferred in a protocol the inventor terms HT-Lite. The NanoBrowser also provides for interactive selection of links and entry into fields in displays, as is typical for WEB pages displayed on a computer screen. The NanoBrowser provides for accepting such entry, packaging data packets in TCP/IP form, and forwarding such data to Proxy-Server 19, where much greater computer power provides for efficient processing. - In conventional WEB browsing, all final processing takes place at the browser's computer, and those who establish WEB servers assume that browser's will operate with sufficiently powerful equipment and programs to accomplish all of the necessary processing. No such processing is done at the WEB servers.
- One of the processing tasks that has to conventionally occur at the browser's computer is processing of received data into a format to be displayed on whatever display the user has There are, as is well-known in the art, many types of displays and many display modes. These range all the way from relatively crude LCD displays to high-resolution, multi-color displays. There are, in addition, a number of other functions that have to be performed conventionally at a user's computer to interact effectively with the WWW. For example, audio and video and some other functions typically require supplemental, or helper, applications to be installed on or downloaded to a field unit to process audio and video data and the like.
- Most data transferred by WEB servers assumes relatively high-end displays, such as color SVGA displays as known in the art. In PDAs and digital organizers, such as those anticipated for use in the present invention, the displays are relatively low resolution, and are typically LCD in nature. In the system described with the aid of FIGS. 1 and 2
InterBrowser program 45 at the Proxy-Server and the HT-Lite NanoBrowser program at the hand-held unit cooperate in another manner as well. When one connects to the Proxy-Server the hand-held unit, through the HT-Lite NanoBrowser program, provides a signature which the Proxy-Server compares with logged signatures. - An ID match when connecting a hand-held unit to the Proxy-Server provides the Proxy-Server with information about the hand-held unit, such as CPU type and power, screen size, type and resolution, presence of a pointer device, and sound capability. The Proxy-Server then uses this specific information to translate HTML and other files from the Internet to a form readily usable without extensive additional processing by the hand-held unit. For a small monochrome LCD display a 60 k/70 k JPEG file becomes a 2 k/4 k bit map, for example. Also, multi-file pages are recombined into single file pages. This translation also minimizes bandwidth requirement for
link 15, and speeds transmission of data. - It is in this ability of the Proxy-Server to do the heavy computing, of which the translation of HTML files is a single example, that is responsible for a unique ability of hand-held devices in practicing embodiments of the present invention to accomplish functions that they could not otherwise accomplish, and to do so without inordinate usage of stored energy. In various embodiments of the present invention, hand-held devices with CPUs having an ability to run at from 0.001 to 0.05 MIPs can serve as WEB browsers, displaying WEB pages and allowing users to initiate on-screen links and to input data into input fields. Given the above example of MIPs requirement for WEB browsing, where currently available solutions may provide a 5× advantage, practicing the present invention can provide an advantage of up to 2000×, resulting in battery life approaching 2 weeks (given a 100 g battery weight), where expected battery life for similar functionality with a powerful CPU was calculated as 8 minutes.
- There are many functions other than simple WEB browsing that are desirable for a hand-held devices like those contemplated to be used with systems according to embodiments of the present invention. The typical functions for digital organizers and PDAs, for example, such as scheduling of appointments, listing phone numbers, addresses and the like, taking notes, sending faxes and E-mail and so forth, and such tasks as currency conversion, are still provided by a hand-held unit executing HT-Lite. Now, however, these functions are more interactive than previously, as data for these functions can be exchanged through the TCP/IP link with the Proxy-Server, which may access data from a variety of sources to update data for such functions.
- In a preferred embodiment of the present invention a variety of Groupware functions are supported, wherein a database having variable data such as appointment schedules for employees may be accessed from several different points, such as from a computer at home, a computer on a network at the office, and a hand-held computer in the field, through a Proxy-Server connection. In such interactive circumstances, date and time monitoring may be used so files in different locations may be updated when connection is made between units having different versions of a file. Also, access may be provided selectively, so, if preferred, only certain persons may have access to certain files. For example, one user could grant another access to his or her appointment schedule, such that one could make an appointment for oneself on another's appointment schedule.
- To practice the invention, given an accessible WEB server configured as a Proxy-Server according to an embodiment of the present invention, one needs only to load HT-Lite NanoBrowser software on a computer and to provide Internet access for the computer, such as by a telephone modem. In many cases, candidate computers have built-in modems. In other cases, an external modem may be provided and connected. In the case of hand-held devices, such as PDAs and organizers, some have an ability to load software via a serial port, a PC card slot, through the modem extant or provided, or by other conventional means. IN some cases, all operating code is embedded, that is, recorded in read-only memory. In some of these cases, adding HT-Lite routines may require a hardware replacement. In virtually all cases of hand-held devices, however, the necessary routines can be provided.
- One of the components of the HT-Lite NanoBrowser software is a minimum browser routine termed by the inventor a NanoBrowser. The NanoBrowser is capable of exerting a URL over the modem connection to access the Proxy-Server. Theoretically, one could exert a URL of a WEB site other than the Proxy-Server, but the result would be an unusable connection, as the small hand-held unit would not be able to handle the sophisticated data provided to be downloaded.
- Connection to the Proxy-Server provides the Proxy-Server with information as to the subscriber and the subscriber's equipment. These operations proceed in a manner well-known in the art for such log-on and security transactions. Once access is extended to the user, an interface is provided for the user to browse in a manner very similar to well-known WEB interfaces. That is, the user's display provides an entry field for a URL which is asserted by an enter key or the like. There may also be an address book for often-visited sites, as is common with more powerful machines.
- Developers are quickly introducing new and useful features for WEB browsing, such as an ability for users to access electronic documents through access to their own WEB pages, machine-independently. All such features will be available in the practice of the present invention, as there is nothing in the invention that inherently restricts use more than the use of more powerful machines.
- Similarly, there are no strict requirements for the location of the Proxy-Server or of accessible WEB servers in embodiments of the present invention. No restrictions are placed on such locations beyond restrictions on servers in general. In one embodiment, a corporation with multiple and perhaps international locations may have a local area network with one or more Proxy-Servers, and employees, particularly those employees whose job functions require travel, are provided with hand-held digital assistants according to an embodiment of the present invention. Multiple functions are then provided over Internet connection in Internet protocol, far beyond what could otherwise be provided with small and inexpensive units; and battery life would be far beyond what would otherwise be expected.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 together form an example of a session script between hand-held
computer 13, Proxy-Server 19, and anyWEB server 23. These figures are used herein to describe important functions of the NanoBrowser incorporated incomputer unit 13, and the InterBrowser, incorporated in Proxy-Server 19, as well as to illustrate methods in practicing the present invention. - Referring first to FIG. 3, the figure is divided generally into three columns (as is FIG. 4), one for functions performed at
computer field unit 13, a middle column for functions performed at Proxy-Server 19, and a third column for functions performed atWEB server 23. - At step47 a user turns on the hand-held computer. It is assumed at this point that a data link is established between the hand-held and Proxy-
Server 19, which is represented in FIG. 3 and in FIG. 4 by the boundary between the left column and the center column. As previously described, this interface can be of any convenient sort, such as an analog telephone modem. After the hand-held performs a simple boot-up process, a menu is presented to the user. One of the selections (by virtue of the NanoBrowser software) is Browse/Mail. - At
step 49 the user selects Browse/Mail. Other functions of the hand-held, that may be fully supported without connection to a Proxy-Server, such as appointment scheduling and phone lists, are not represented here, except by thegeneral step 51 labeled “Other Activity”. There may be other menu selections, and the Browse/Mail selection is exemplary. Initiation of communication with the Proxy-Server could be accomplished in other ways. - Routines in the NanoBrowser respond to the Browse/Mail selection by presenting the necessary interface for the user to access his/her subscribed Internet provider. At
step 53 this interface is presented and the user makes the necessary inputs to establish the provider connection. - The present example assumes connection and operation through an Internet provider, wherein the subscriber's status is that of a Proxy-Server subscriber, although this is not the only arrangement within the scope of the invention. Employees of a corporation might, for example, log on to a server on a company network.
- Connection to the Internet provider is made at
step 55. Atstep 57 action is taken to establish an Internet Protocol (IP) connection to a Proxy-Server according to the present invention. Initial communication from the connected hand-held causes the Proxy-Server to open a port and establish the connection atstep 59. - At
step 61 the user logs on by entering a user name and password and the field unit identifies itself with its ID. Atstep 63 the Proxy-Server compares the entered password and ID with stored records, and derives a signature for the unit. Atstep 65 the Proxy-Server decides whether the information is correct. If the Log-On is valid, control passes to step 67, and the Proxy-Server acknowledges the successful log-on to the hand-held unit atstep 69. If the log-on is not valid, control in the Proxy-Server goes fromstep 65 to step 71, and the Proxy-Server disconnects from the hand-held unit. The Proxy-Server then waits for a new ID request (step 73). - At the hand-held unit, assuming an unsuccessful log-on, control passes from
step 74 back to step 53, and the user is provided another opportunity to log on. Control continuity from the hand-held unit to further steps in FIG. 4 is indicated byline 76. For the Proxy-Server the control continuity to FIG. 4 is indicated byline 78. - Referring now to FIG. 4, which is a continuation of FIG. 3,
continuity lines - At
step 81 the Proxy-Server receives this request. The proxy server processes the request from the hand-held and atstep 83 issues a new request through its own full-service browser, through its connection to the Internet, to access WWW.Any.Com. Atstep 85 the WWW server at WWW.Any.Com receives the request from the Proxy-Server and atstep 87 sends its home page HTML file, represented as Home.HTML, to the Proxy-Server. - At
step 89 the Proxy-Server receives Home.HTML. Home pages typically contain at least one image file, which in many cases is a JPG file. Accordingly, at least two files must be downloaded to display a home page. At step 91 a request for a JPG image file is sent by the Proxy-Server. The Proxy-Server receives this request atstep 93 and send the image file to the Proxy-Server atstep 95. The Proxy-Server receives the image file atstep 97. There may be many more files than this, but a minimum representation has been made for simplicity in description. - At
step 101 the Proxy-Server converts all of the .jpg files to a dithered bitmap format according to information associated with the user ID received from the hand-held at log-on. This ID establishes the size and resolution of the hand-held's display, for example, and the bitmap created from the .jpg files is scaled to the hand-held's display. - Once all the files in the Home page script are downloaded from the accesses Web server at WWW.Any.Com, the Proxy-Server assembles all of these files into a single HT-Lite (HTL) file for transfer to the hand-held. This process is represented by
step 103. Atstep 105 the new HTL file is transmitted to the hand-held unit. The hand-held receives atstep 107 the single HTL file prepared from the several HTML files received by the Proxy-Server. Finally, atstep 109 the hand-held awaits new user input, such as, for example, a request to jump to a related page. - As has been described above, field computers of many sorts may be used for connecting to the Internet through a Proxy-Server according to embodiments of the present invention, although there are particular advantages in using small, inexpensive, battery-powered, hand-held field units. As has also been described, information relating to the field unit used by each subscriber is recorded at the Proxy-Server (or available to the Proxy-Server), and, upon connection, the Proxy-Server accesses this information, and uses it in transposing files for a particular unit.
- In some cases, a display used by a field unit will be large enough to display an entire page from the WWW. In other cases, it will be preferable to present just a part of an entire page, because the display of the field unit may be too small to provide an entire page with adequate resolution. In these cases it will be necessary to zoom and pan to see an entire page. In one embodiment of the invention a field unit is provided with an auxiliary small display, to present information relative to the position on a page that may be presented on the main screen, as an aid in panning to other parts of the page.
- It is well-known that graphic information is not the only information accessible on the Internet. Audio may be downloaded in many cases as well. In many cases where audio is available, software, often termed a “media player” is provided to be downloaded from the same source to be used by the connecting computer in processing the audio data. The present structure of the Internet WWW is such that users are assumed to have certain kinds of equipment of sufficient computing power to do Web browsing and to operate media players. For example, media players are typically provided for IBM-compatible PC, Macintosh, or Sun systems.
- In many embodiments of the present invention, wherein field units of much lesser power than the present assumptions may be used, these assumptions are no longer valid. Many field units which may now, with the unique capabilities of Proxy-Servers according to embodiments of the present invention, be used for browsing the WWW, will not be capable of executing the typical media players.
- As has been described above, subscribers to a Proxy-Server system according to the present invention will provided characteristics of their particular field units to the Proxy-Server, and the Proxy-Server will use the information in transposing files. The same is true for audio, so the Proxy-Server will “know” if a particular field unit has a speaker system, and what the computing capability of the field unit is. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, field units will be provided with capability to receive Linear Predictive Coded (LPC) audio data, and to drive one or more speaker units. The Proxy-Server, in these cases, will either download the media players as necessary, or be previously programmed with media players, and will convert the audio data downloaded from the Internet to the form usable by the field units as a part of the overall transposing process.
- In some aspects of the invention specialized field units are provided for special purposes. A hand-held computer is provided, for example, with a CPU, a ROM having embedded NanoBrowser software, a main display, and an auxiliary display for indicating page position for panning and the like. In some variations, a microphone and a speaker are also provided, and the on-board software includes routines for processing audio in both directions, to and from the Proxy-Server. In other variations a digital camera apparatus is provided with the hand-held unit, and a user can snap digital pictures and send the data to the Proxy-Server or to any other machine on the Internet by E-mail. In combinations of these variations very useful systems are provided for field operatives of such as insurance companies to do field work.
- Other field units are provided in alternative embodiments as desk units for school environments, having many or all of the features of the hand-held units described, but taking the form of desktop units with conventional power supplies rather than batteries. Such units can be made with considerably lower complexity and cost than units conventionally capable of interacting with the Internet, providing much expanded Internet access for school systems and the like. These units incorporate NanoBrowsers according to embodiments of the present invention.
- Another form of field unit according to the present invention is a TV-type unit having a low-end CPU and embedded NanoBrowser software according to an embodiment of the present invention. Home TV-computer technology may thus be provided through a Proxy-Server connection at a cost very much below currently available systems. Such units will also be attractive for use in hotels, as they expand on existing information systems using TV sets in hotel rooms.
- In captured corporate systems, properly termed Intranet systems, scheduling, ordering, instructions, travel arrangements, and the like can be extensively interactive. For example, a secretary may access an appointment schedule file using a regular PC connected to the Internet, the schedule for an employee temporarily inaccessible (in the middle of the night in Moscow, for example, while the employee may be sleeping) and make adjustments in the employee's appointments. When the employee next establishes contact with the Proxy-Server, the appointment calendar in the employee's unit is compared by date and time stamp, and automatically updated as necessary, following preset rules for conflict resolution.
- An advantage inherent in different embodiments of the present invention is that future improvements in HTML, specific WEB browsing applications, and helper applications need not be installed on the field units used in practicing the invention. Such improvements need only be made in the Proxy-Server. The Proxy-Server can also be updated to do the best translation possible for such improvements.
- In an important aspect of the invention, Proxy-Servers adapted to embodiments of the present invention may be provided by commercial Internet providers, thereby providing their customers with extended functionality for small and inexpensive computer units, lowering the expense and complexity typically required of machines that may be expected to access the Internet. In this aspect, customers of such providers could browse the Internet and download and display sophisticated files with existing inexpensive portable computers, personal digital assistants, and digital organizers. This feature promises to dramatically increase accessibility to the Internet, and to lower barriers to entering the Internet world for many people who could otherwise not afford to do so.
- Also in embodiments of the invention as incorporated in Proxy-Servers, caching is provided, whereby data downloaded from other Internet servers accessed according to commands entered by users in the field having units connected to the Proxy-Server, may be temporarily stored before or after translation for field units, enhancing viewing speed dramatically at the field units.
- It is anticipated that one Proxy-Server may serve a large number of hand-held computers, giving each served computer a functionality far beyond what it could otherwise provide given its power and cost. Current estimates indicate that a single Proxy-Server may serve 100 or more field units simultaneously. Since statistically not all subscribers may be expected to be using their field units at the same time, one such Proxy-Server could serve perhaps 2000 subscribers.
- Even though a single Proxy-Server might be expected to serve a relatively large number of subscribers at the same time, the number of potential users of such a system is very much larger than a single Proxy-Server could be expected to service. For this reason, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, an Un-interrupted Matrix of Inexpensive Servers (UMIS) is provided as a method for implementation for the Proxy Server. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a
UMIS system 111 wherein relatively small,inexpensive servers 113, each with its own hard disks, are interconnected in a network protocol with arouter 115 and a mirroringtraffic cop server 117. Such a system can handle massive numbers of requests, at a moderate cost, and the system and is scalable and to a high degree fail-safe. - An incoming request is directed to the traffic cop, which is a mirroring system, so that in case one unit fails, the other can take over without interruption. The traffic cop determines that availability and load of all IS's on a regular basis by connecting a requesting a load number (timeout is regarded as failure of that IS), so it can direct requests to the lowest loaded IS. If an IS fails, the traffic cop will learn of it at the next round, and can notify a system supervisor. The load is then shared between the remaining units. Also, a failure of one of the mirroring units triggers a notification to the supervisor. An escalation can be added via e-mail and pagers until proper action is taken.
- Ideally the IS units are like drawers that fit into a rack, and have a red light that goes on when and if they fail. This way, service personnel can see immediately which unit needs to be exchanged.
- Since there is only transitory data on hard-disks of the IS's, no data recovery is required. In case of open connections, the client's TCP/IP protocol will retry after a time out, and will be directed by the cop to a new IS, thus recovering completely transparently. This way cost per subscriber can be held very low. On the Cop units, since they are mirroring, after an exchange of a defective unit a software routine is started that reconfigures the new unit to be synchronized.
- As was described above, in systems according to embodiments of the present invention, many database functions can be shared with entries, edits and updates made over Internet connections. In addition to database functions, systems according to embodiments of the invention can accomplish enhanced E-mail functions. FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating the nature of such functionality.
- The functions illustrated by the flow diagram of FIG. 6 are accomplished by executing software either on a Proxy-Server or at a separate mail server which may be accessed by a Proxy-Server according to an embodiment of the present invention. The routines depicted here are a modified version of SendMail routines known in the art.
- In FIG. 6 events for purposes of description begin at
step 119. Modified SendMail is active. Atstep 121 incoming mail is received. In this modified system, there are threefile systems file system 123 according to Post Office Protocol, revision 3 (POP-30 format, known in the art. At step 131 a copy of the received E-mail entity is saved in HTML format, for WEB mail. At step 133 a copy of the entity is saved in HTL format, compatible with the communication protocol for HT-Lite used between a field unit and a Proxy-Server in embodiments of the present invention. - At
step 135 an HTML index is updated. Atstep 137 an HTL index is updated. At step 139 a discrimination is made as to whether data received is flagged to update a GroupWare database. If not, the process ends atstep 141. If so, the appropriate database is updated atstep 143 infile system 145. Examples of such databases are an appointment schedule, a ToDo list, a project file, a contacts file, and resumes. There are many more databases that might be updated as well. Atstep 147 notification of changes in a database are sent to appropriate offsite addresses. The process ends atstep 149 until another E-mail message is received. - In the manner shown, E-mail may be shared in the
conventional POP 3 manner, sent as HTML with a WEB page, or sent over a TCP/IP pipe as an HT-Lite file directly to a field unit having a NanoBrowser according to the present invention. Moreover, the Internet links may be used to manipulate the scheduling and other GroupWare functions described. Also, the technology disclosed here relative to E-mail and GroupWare functions can be applied to other massive server functions; it is not limited to the Proxy-Server of the present invention. - In another aspect of the present invention the objectives of the invention may be met without the necessity of having a proxy server between the user's device, such as a hand-held personal computer, and other servers on the world-wide web (WWW).
- As was described above in descriptions of some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the unique proxy server accomplishes certain translations and processes that allow quick and efficient integration of data with a user's device. The proxy server, in a preferred embodiment first processes data requested to be transmitted to a specific user's device according to pre-stored characteristics of the specific user's device, or according to characteristics transmitted by the user's device. For example, graphics are processed to provide specific resolution and size according to the specific user's display. Also only multi-media extensions supported by the user's device are used, and data is preferably combined into one file for each transfer. In this manner, each communication with each user's device is done in a fast and efficient manner, tailored to the needs of each user, and the user can then function with a minimum hardware/software device that may be energy efficient providing long life between battery charges.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an architecture for a system according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment there is no intermediate proxy server as was described above in other embodiments of the invention, but a
server 702 capable of conventional HTTP or HTTPS communication is enhanced to provide an alternative Simplified File Hyper Text Protocol (SFHTP) capability, and this server may then communicate over the Internet with hand-heldcomputers 703 in a manner to significantly enhance communication speed and efficiency. The difference between a conventional server and an SFHTP sever according to this embodiment of the present invention is in the control routines. - FIG. 8 is a process flow diagram illustrating steps followed by a SFHTP-enhanced server according a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A request for service is received at
step 801 by a Web Server enhanced according to an embodiment of the present invention. Atstep 802 the server, through its on-board CPU examines the request. If the request is a conventional HTTP or HTTPS request, control goes to step 803, and processing is according to conventional routines as provided for any conventional HTTP request. If the request, however, is a unique SFHTP request according to an embodiment of the present invention, control is passed to a unique set of control routines beginning withstep 810. - The request received may be from a subscriber for SFHTP services or from a conventional subscriber. The difference for a SFHTP subscriber may be accomplished in a number of ways. For example, the request may be tagged by a single additional bit or character, or several additional data bits, in a manner that a conventional server (not enhanced for SFHTP services) will simply ignore or error flag the request. An SFHTP subscriber's usually minimally capable device may proceed to interact with the conventional server, albeit at a greatly reduced speed and with minimum features.
- If the request is found at
step 802 to be a SFFTP request, atstep 810 the type and functionality of the user's device is established. As described above, this may be by matching an ID provided in the request with a list of functionality and characteristics previously provided by the user and stored at the enhanced server, or an interaction may be established wherein the user's device transfers the list of available features to the enhanced server. The list of available features can include such things as screen type, size and resolution; sound options; telephony; credit capabilities (card readers); media players; and the like. - At
step 811 the control routines of the enhanced server begin to create the best fit in multimedia content for the requested data according to the user's device capabilities and characteristics. This process includes step 820 wherein the system of the invention determines if a best fit is immediately available. If so, control goes on to step 812. If not, in a preferred embodiment a best fit is generated and stored atstep 821, and then control passes on thestep 812. In step 821 a graphic is created having the size and resolution of the requesting user's display, and that picture is stored for future use. If the same user or a user having a device with the same display characteristics later requests this picture, it may be retrieved and sent immediately without the need for generating the best fit. - At step812 a single file is composed using the requested information processed according to the best multimedia fit for the user's device. That file is then transmitted to the user at
step 813. Just as described above for other embodiments of the present invention the file transmitted to the user is attuned exactly to the user's needs, and may be directly displayed without heavy software overhead at the user's device, thereby enabling the user to maintain a minimally-configured and powered device. - The single file transmitted to the user contains the data for the static part of a WEB page to be displayed. It may still contain animation, but no new data. It may contain information on opening connections for continuous data type operations, such as telephony, broadcast, video, virtual reality, and so forth. After the file is sent the instant session is terminated. Eventually opened communications may stay open however, until they are closed by either the user of by the server.
- It will be apparent to those with skill in the art that there are many variations that may be made in embodiments of the invention as described above without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. There are, for example, a wide variety of ways different programmers might arrange code to accomplish the purposes described for the invention. Such differences in code do not necessarily constitute distinguishable variations because it is well known that the same results in function, hence method of application, may well be accomplished by a variety of code and/or system arrangements. The range of functions provided at a field unit may also vary widely in different embodiments of the invention, and there are, as described above, many sorts of computer units that will qualify as field units in cooperation with a Proxy-Server according to embodiments of the invention.
- Other variations within the scope of the invention include hardware variations. There is no strict requirement for a Proxy-Server other than the requirement of executing the InterBrowser program or programs in combination with WEB browsing functions, while maintaining communication with one or more field units and one or more other WEB servers. There are similarly many other variations that will be apparent to those with skill in the art, all within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A computing system comprising:
a field computer comprising a display having a specific size and resolution; and
an Internet server having server control routines and connected to the field computer by a data link;
wherein the server control routines are adapted to establish type and functionality of the field computer and to prepare and transmit data to the filed computer in a form specifically adapted to the characteristics of the field computer.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/364,960 US20030120786A1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2003-02-12 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
US10/862,725 US7562157B2 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2004-06-07 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/629,475 US5727159A (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1996-04-10 | System in which a Proxy-Server translates information received from the Internet into a form/format readily usable by low power portable computers |
US08/791,249 US6076109A (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1997-01-30 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
US09/506,107 US6535922B1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2000-02-17 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
US10/364,960 US20030120786A1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2003-02-12 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/506,107 Continuation US6535922B1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2000-02-17 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/862,725 Division US7562157B2 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2004-06-07 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20030120786A1 true US20030120786A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
Family
ID=25153115
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/791,249 Expired - Lifetime US6076109A (en) | 1996-02-27 | 1997-01-30 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
US09/506,107 Expired - Lifetime US6535922B1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2000-02-17 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
US10/364,960 Abandoned US20030120786A1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2003-02-12 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
US10/862,725 Expired - Fee Related US7562157B2 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2004-06-07 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/791,249 Expired - Lifetime US6076109A (en) | 1996-02-27 | 1997-01-30 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
US09/506,107 Expired - Lifetime US6535922B1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2000-02-17 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/862,725 Expired - Fee Related US7562157B2 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2004-06-07 | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US6076109A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0956528A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000514940A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1114157C (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998036344A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (168)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6553410B2 (en) * | 1996-02-27 | 2003-04-22 | Inpro Licensing Sarl | Tailoring data and transmission protocol for efficient interactive data transactions over wide-area networks |
US6076109A (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 2000-06-13 | Lextron, Systems, Inc. | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
US6804726B1 (en) * | 1996-05-22 | 2004-10-12 | Geovector Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling electrical devices in response to sensed conditions |
FI972718A0 (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1997-06-24 | More Magic Software Mms Oy | Foerfaranden och arrangemang Foer distribution av ett anvaendargraenssnitt |
TW347498B (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-12-11 | Casio Computer Co Ltd | Information supply system |
US6185625B1 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 2001-02-06 | Intel Corporation | Scaling proxy server sending to the client a graphical user interface for establishing object encoding preferences after receiving the client's request for the object |
US6711622B1 (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2004-03-23 | Broadware Technologies, Inc. | Video and audio streaming for multiple users |
US7031442B1 (en) | 1997-02-10 | 2006-04-18 | Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for personal routing in computer-simulated telephony |
US6104802A (en) | 1997-02-10 | 2000-08-15 | Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc. | In-band signaling for routing |
IL121071A0 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1997-11-20 | El Mar Software Ltd | Automatic conversion server |
US6205485B1 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 2001-03-20 | Lextron Systems, Inc | Simulcast WEB page delivery using a 3D user interface system |
US6711611B2 (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2004-03-23 | Genesis Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc. | Method and apparatus for data-linking a mobile knowledge worker to home communication-center infrastructure |
US6985943B2 (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2006-01-10 | Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc. | Method and apparatus for extended management of state and interaction of a remote knowledge worker from a contact center |
USRE46528E1 (en) | 1997-11-14 | 2017-08-29 | Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc. | Implementation of call-center outbound dialing capability at a telephony network level |
US6930709B1 (en) | 1997-12-04 | 2005-08-16 | Pentax Of America, Inc. | Integrated internet/intranet camera |
US6055566A (en) | 1998-01-12 | 2000-04-25 | Lextron Systems, Inc. | Customizable media player with online/offline capabilities |
US7907598B2 (en) | 1998-02-17 | 2011-03-15 | Genesys Telecommunication Laboratories, Inc. | Method for implementing and executing communication center routing strategies represented in extensible markup language |
US6300947B1 (en) * | 1998-07-06 | 2001-10-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Display screen and window size related web page adaptation system |
US6925595B1 (en) | 1998-08-05 | 2005-08-02 | Spyglass, Inc. | Method and system for content conversion of hypertext data using data mining |
USRE46153E1 (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2016-09-20 | Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc. | Method and apparatus enabling voice-based management of state and interaction of a remote knowledge worker in a contact center environment |
US6223224B1 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2001-04-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for multiple file download via single aggregate file serving |
FI19992746A (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-06-28 | Spyglass Inc | A method and system for converting electronic data content to wireless devices |
US6353855B1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2002-03-05 | America Online | Providing a network communication status description based on user characteristics |
US8200837B1 (en) * | 1999-04-26 | 2012-06-12 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method and system for maintaining a content server at safe load conditions |
JP3392779B2 (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2003-03-31 | ファナック株式会社 | Robot controller with work abnormality monitoring function |
US6996627B1 (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2006-02-07 | Realnetworks, Inc. | System and method for providing update information |
FI110983B (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2003-04-30 | Sonera Oyj | Publication of service content |
US20020052781A1 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2002-05-02 | Avantgo, Inc. | Interactive advertisement mechanism on a mobile device |
US20010047394A1 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-11-29 | Kloba David D. | System, method, and computer program product for executing scripts on mobile devices |
US7392308B2 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2008-06-24 | Ianywhere Solutions, Inc. | System, method, and computer program product for placement of channels on a mobile device |
US20080215672A1 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2008-09-04 | Sybase 365, Inc. | System, Method, and Computer Program Product for a Scalable, Configurable, Client/Server, Cross-Platform Browser for Mobile Devices |
US6779042B1 (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2004-08-17 | Ianywhere Solutions, Inc. | System, method, and computer program product for enabling on-device servers, offline forms, and dynamic ad tracking on mobile devices |
US8595308B1 (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2013-11-26 | Ianywhere Solutions, Inc. | System, method, and computer program product for server side processing in a mobile device environment |
US7987420B1 (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2011-07-26 | Ianywhere Solutions, Inc. | System, method, and computer program product for a scalable, configurable, client/server, cross-platform browser for mobile devices |
US6684257B1 (en) | 1999-10-15 | 2004-01-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | Systems, methods and computer program products for validating web content tailored for display within pervasive computing devices |
AU1151001A (en) * | 1999-11-09 | 2001-06-06 | Nokia Corporation | Transferring fitted content for a user from a server |
AU1949401A (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2001-06-12 | Coola, Inc. | Personal digital assistant internet-based data retrieval and organization systemand method |
US8117644B2 (en) | 2000-01-07 | 2012-02-14 | Pennar Software Corporation | Method and system for online document collaboration |
US6845448B1 (en) | 2000-01-07 | 2005-01-18 | Pennar Software Corporation | Online repository for personal information |
US8620286B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2013-12-31 | Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for promoting and transferring licensed content and applications |
US6671757B1 (en) | 2000-01-26 | 2003-12-30 | Fusionone, Inc. | Data transfer and synchronization system |
US7505762B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2009-03-17 | Fusionone, Inc. | Wireless telephone data backup system |
US8156074B1 (en) | 2000-01-26 | 2012-04-10 | Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. | Data transfer and synchronization system |
FR2805651B1 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2002-09-13 | Eastman Kodak Co | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRESENTING DIGITAL IMAGES ON A LOW DEFINITION SCREEN |
US8843617B2 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2014-09-23 | Printeron Inc. | Multi-stage polling mechanism and system for the transmission and processing control of network resource data |
CA2301996A1 (en) | 2000-03-13 | 2001-09-13 | Spicer Corporation | Wireless attachment enabling |
JP2001256162A (en) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-21 | Nec Corp | Information processing terminal and contents acquisition system |
US6854018B1 (en) * | 2000-03-20 | 2005-02-08 | Nec Corporation | System and method for intelligent web content fetch and delivery of any whole and partial undelivered objects in ascending order of object size |
US6735624B1 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2004-05-11 | Danger, Inc. | Method for configuring and authenticating newly delivered portal device |
US6721804B1 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2004-04-13 | Danger, Inc. | Portal system for converting requested data into a bytecode format based on portal device's graphical capabilities |
US6701522B1 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2004-03-02 | Danger, Inc. | Apparatus and method for portal device authentication |
US6742038B2 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2004-05-25 | Danger, Inc. | System and method of linking user identification to a subscriber identification module |
AU2001255238A1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2001-10-30 | Tmx Interactive | Method and apparatus for dissemination of rich media |
US8903950B2 (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2014-12-02 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Personalized content delivery using peer-to-peer precaching |
US8463912B2 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2013-06-11 | Media Farm, Inc. | Remote displays in mobile communication networks |
JP3822024B2 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2006-09-13 | シャープ株式会社 | Data transfer device |
FR2809565B1 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2003-06-06 | Jacques Pozzetto | MESSAGE BROADCASTING SYSTEM |
AU2001262310A1 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-12-11 | Jacques Pozzetto | System for sending messages |
US7143342B1 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2006-11-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Distributing condensed versions of displayable information in hypertext markup language documents transmitted on the world wide web to personal palm-type display computers |
WO2001099415A2 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2001-12-27 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method of automatic execution, receiving station |
FI115674B (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2005-06-15 | Nokia Corp | Method and system for displaying pages based on page definition language on hand-portable devices |
WO2002005063A2 (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-17 | Broadbeam Corporation | System and method for the remote creation of notification agents for wireless devices |
US7111163B1 (en) | 2000-07-10 | 2006-09-19 | Alterwan, Inc. | Wide area network using internet with quality of service |
US6988146B1 (en) | 2000-07-13 | 2006-01-17 | Alcatel | Simple multicast extension for mobile IP SMM |
US7895334B1 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2011-02-22 | Fusionone, Inc. | Remote access communication architecture apparatus and method |
US8073954B1 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2011-12-06 | Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a secure remote access system |
US6636259B1 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2003-10-21 | Ipac Acquisition Subsidiary I, Llc | Automatically configuring a web-enabled digital camera to access the internet |
US8224776B1 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2012-07-17 | Kdl Scan Designs Llc | Method and system for hosting entity-specific photo-sharing websites for entity-specific digital cameras |
US7103668B1 (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2006-09-05 | Inetcam, Inc. | Method and apparatus for distributing multimedia to remote clients |
US7035907B1 (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2006-04-25 | Jibe Networks, Inc. | Manipulating content objects to control their display |
US20020035566A1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2002-03-21 | Choicepoint, Inc. | Method and system for the wireless delivery of images |
US7613810B2 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2009-11-03 | Nokia Inc. | Segmenting electronic documents for use on a device of limited capability |
US7210100B2 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2007-04-24 | Eizel Technologies, Inc. | Configurable transformation of electronic documents |
US7287088B1 (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2007-10-23 | Fotomedia Technologies, Llc | Transmission bandwidth and memory requirements reduction in a portable image capture device by eliminating duplicate image transmissions |
US7562380B2 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2009-07-14 | Hoya Corporation | Internet camera system |
US20020051200A1 (en) | 2000-11-01 | 2002-05-02 | Chang William Ho | Controller for device-to-device pervasive digital output |
US11204729B2 (en) | 2000-11-01 | 2021-12-21 | Flexiworld Technologies, Inc. | Internet based digital content services for pervasively providing protected digital content to smart devices based on having subscribed to the digital content service |
US10860290B2 (en) | 2000-11-01 | 2020-12-08 | Flexiworld Technologies, Inc. | Mobile information apparatuses that include a digital camera, a touch sensitive screen interface, support for voice activated commands, and a wireless communication chip or chipset supporting IEEE 802.11 |
US10915296B2 (en) | 2000-11-01 | 2021-02-09 | Flexiworld Technologies, Inc. | Information apparatus that includes a touch sensitive screen interface for managing or replying to e-mails |
US7318086B2 (en) * | 2000-11-20 | 2008-01-08 | Flexiworld Technologies, Inc. | System for mobile and pervasive output |
US20020099829A1 (en) * | 2000-11-27 | 2002-07-25 | Richards Kenneth W. | Filter proxy system and method |
US7237269B2 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2007-06-26 | Palmsource, Inc. | Method and system for secure activation of web clipping applications |
US7343555B2 (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2008-03-11 | Cincro Communications Corporation | System and method for delivery of documents over a computer network |
US7818435B1 (en) | 2000-12-14 | 2010-10-19 | Fusionone, Inc. | Reverse proxy mechanism for retrieving electronic content associated with a local network |
US6525696B2 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2003-02-25 | Radio Frequency Systems, Inc. | Dual band antenna using a single column of elliptical vivaldi notches |
US7616971B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2009-11-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for providing access to forms for displaying information on a wireless access device |
US20020087628A1 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-04 | Andrew Rouse | System and method for providing wireless device access to e-mail applications |
US8112544B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2012-02-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for providing customizable options on a wireless device |
US7142883B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2006-11-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for providing search capabilities and storing functions on a wireless access device |
US20050159136A1 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2005-07-21 | Andrew Rouse | System and method for providing wireless device access |
US20020097419A1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-07-25 | Chang William Ho | Information apparatus for universal data output |
US8812666B2 (en) * | 2001-01-29 | 2014-08-19 | Da Capital Fund Limited Liability Company | Remote proxy server agent |
US7793210B2 (en) * | 2001-01-30 | 2010-09-07 | Oracle America, Inc. | Method and apparatus for formula evaluation in spreadsheets on small devices |
WO2002061974A1 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2002-08-08 | Net Time Corporation | Data communication system, data communication method, data transmission device, personal digital assistant and portable device |
JP2002251359A (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-09-06 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Communication network system |
US8615566B1 (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2013-12-24 | Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for operational support of remote network systems |
US20020143812A1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-03 | Bedingfield James C. | System and method of automatically updating content on a web site |
US8990678B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2015-03-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Systems and methods for automatically providing alerts of web site content updates |
EP1449190B1 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2013-07-10 | Bitstream, Inc. | Methods, systems, and programming for producing and displaying subpixel-optimized images and digital content including such images |
US7219309B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2007-05-15 | Bitstream Inc. | Innovations for the display of web pages |
US7565605B2 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2009-07-21 | Nokia, Inc. | Reorganizing content of an electronic document |
US8001259B2 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2011-08-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Pervasive, distributed provision of services such as product brokerage |
DK1395917T3 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2005-04-11 | Smarttrust Ab | Method and system for transmitting data in a telecommunications network |
US20030093565A1 (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2003-05-15 | Berger Adam L. | System and method for converting an attachment in an e-mail for delivery to a device of limited rendering capability |
EP1320235A1 (en) * | 2001-12-12 | 2003-06-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Telecommunications terminal |
US8135609B2 (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2012-03-13 | Microsoft Corporation | Identifying and surveying subscribers |
DE10209507A1 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-18 | T Mobile Deutschland Gmbh | Generic procedure for the provision of data independent of the end device by classifying the capabilities of data retrieval facilities |
US7155725B1 (en) | 2002-03-27 | 2006-12-26 | Danger, Inc. | Apparatus and method for coordinating multiple e-mail accounts |
US7162513B1 (en) | 2002-03-27 | 2007-01-09 | Danger, Inc. | Apparatus and method for distributing electronic messages to a wireless data processing device using a multi-tiered queuing architecture |
US7114160B2 (en) | 2002-04-17 | 2006-09-26 | Sbc Technology Resources, Inc. | Web content customization via adaptation Web services |
US8370420B1 (en) | 2002-07-11 | 2013-02-05 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Web-integrated display of locally stored content objects |
US7461067B2 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2008-12-02 | Motricity, Inc. | System for supporting production, management and delivery of media content for wireless devices |
US7062512B1 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2006-06-13 | Danger, Inc. | System and method for processing identification codes |
US7069326B1 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2006-06-27 | Danger, Inc. | System and method for efficiently managing data transports |
US20090125591A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2009-05-14 | Ficus Kirkpatrick | Instant messaging proxy apparatus and method |
US7383303B1 (en) | 2002-09-30 | 2008-06-03 | Danger, Inc. | System and method for integrating personal information management and messaging applications |
US7107349B2 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2006-09-12 | Danger, Inc. | System and method for disabling and providing a notification for a data processing device |
US7373144B1 (en) | 2002-09-30 | 2008-05-13 | Danger, Inc. | System and method for automatically providing user status in a messaging service |
US20070283047A1 (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2007-12-06 | Theis Ronald L A | System and method for processing alphanumeric characters for display on a data processing device |
US7437405B1 (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2008-10-14 | Danger, Inc. | System and method for managing data objects in a wireless device |
GB2397480A (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2004-07-21 | Quickstone Technologies Ltd | Communication of a high resolution image to a low resolution display device |
US7657651B2 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2010-02-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Resource-efficient media streaming to heterogeneous clients |
US7117445B2 (en) | 2003-06-30 | 2006-10-03 | Danger, Inc. | Multi-mode communication apparatus and interface for contacting a user |
US20040267887A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2004-12-30 | Berger Kelly D. | System and method for dynamically managing presence and contact information |
WO2005010715A2 (en) | 2003-07-21 | 2005-02-03 | Fusionone, Inc. | Device message management system |
US20050091311A1 (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-04-28 | Lund Christopher D. | Method and apparatus for distributing multimedia to remote clients |
US7325967B2 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2008-02-05 | Lextron, Inc. | Method and apparatus for administering micro-ingredient feed additives to animal feed rations |
US7343179B1 (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2008-03-11 | Danger Research | System and method for previewing and purchasing ring tones for a mobile device |
US7571233B2 (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2009-08-04 | Holloway Jr Edwards | Job site communications systems, methods, and computer program products |
US7873353B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2011-01-18 | Ianywhere Solutions, Inc. | Method and system for accessing applications and data, and for tracking of key indicators on mobile handheld devices |
US7477923B2 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2009-01-13 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Exchangeable module for additional functionality |
CN1998224A (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2007-07-11 | 富盛旺公司 | Advanced contact identification system |
US9542076B1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2017-01-10 | Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. | System for and method of updating a personal profile |
US8868774B2 (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2014-10-21 | Sk Planet Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for integrating and managing information of mobile terminal |
US8135803B2 (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2012-03-13 | Ianywhere Solutions, Inc. | Method, system, and computer program product for offline advertisement servicing and cycling |
US20060064470A1 (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2006-03-23 | Sargent Antony J | Method, system, and computer program product for improved synchronization efficiency for mobile devices, including database hashing and caching of web access errors |
US20090144167A1 (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2009-06-04 | Pablo Calamera | System and method for managing data and voice connectivity for wireless devices |
US8499028B2 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2013-07-30 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dynamic extensible lightweight access to web services for pervasive devices |
US7843938B1 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2010-11-30 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | QoS optimization with compression |
US8078740B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2011-12-13 | Microsoft Corporation | Running internet applications with low rights |
US7710912B1 (en) | 2005-07-11 | 2010-05-04 | Microsoft Corporation | Managing content synchronization between a data service and a data processing device |
US8225392B2 (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2012-07-17 | Microsoft Corporation | Immunizing HTML browsers and extensions from known vulnerabilities |
US8239939B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2012-08-07 | Microsoft Corporation | Browser protection module |
GB0517113D0 (en) * | 2005-08-20 | 2005-09-28 | Ibm | Methods, apparatus and computer programs for data communication efficiency |
US7664067B2 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2010-02-16 | Microsoft Corporation | Preserving socket connections over a wireless network |
US9008075B2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2015-04-14 | Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc. | System and methods for improving interaction routing performance |
US7613955B2 (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2009-11-03 | Microsoft Corporation | Collecting debug data from a wireless device |
US20090143059A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2009-06-04 | Danger, Inc. | System and method remote servicing of a wireless data processing device |
US7591703B2 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2009-09-22 | Mattel, Inc. | Interactive DVD gaming systems |
US8185737B2 (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2012-05-22 | Microsoft Corporation | Communication across domains |
US8457285B2 (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2013-06-04 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Communication device |
US20080106545A1 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-08 | Gene Fein | Simulating cultural communications |
FR2908578B1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2011-05-06 | Archos | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PERFORMING TRANSACTIONS FROM PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES CONNECTED TO A COMMUNICATION NETWORK, AND ASSOCIATED PORTABLE ELECTRONIC APPARATUS |
US7941497B2 (en) * | 2007-02-22 | 2011-05-10 | Research In Motion Limited | Community-based method and system for creating and subscribing to dynamic push channels |
CN101320367B (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2011-06-22 | 鹏智科技(深圳)有限公司 | Document processing unit and method |
US10019570B2 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2018-07-10 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Protection and communication abstractions for web browsers |
US8181111B1 (en) | 2007-12-31 | 2012-05-15 | Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. | System and method for providing social context to digital activity |
US7509433B1 (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-03-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Selecting quick-to-download content through an alternative hypertext protocol |
JP2011527934A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2011-11-10 | ザ ジレット カンパニー | Hair trimmer |
US8255006B1 (en) | 2009-11-10 | 2012-08-28 | Fusionone, Inc. | Event dependent notification system and method |
US8838677B2 (en) | 2009-11-25 | 2014-09-16 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Proxy server |
US8370474B1 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2013-02-05 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Arbitration server for determining remediation measures in response to an error message from a content provider |
US8570566B2 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2013-10-29 | Printeron Inc. | System and method that provides user interface on mobile network terminal for releasing print jobs based on location information |
US8970873B2 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2015-03-03 | Printeron Inc. | System and method for managing printer resources on an internal network |
US8943428B2 (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2015-01-27 | Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. | System for and method of field mapping |
WO2012071646A1 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2012-06-07 | Printeron Inc. | System for internet enabled printing |
US9356980B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2016-05-31 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Distributing communication of a data stream among multiple devices |
US9356882B2 (en) | 2014-02-04 | 2016-05-31 | Printeron Inc. | Streamlined system for the transmission of network resource data |
Family Cites Families (102)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4039999A (en) | 1976-02-17 | 1977-08-02 | John Weston | Communication system |
JPS57174769A (en) | 1981-04-20 | 1982-10-27 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Information offering system |
US4821121A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1989-04-11 | Ampex Corporation | Electronic still store with high speed sorting and method of operation |
JPH07105848B2 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1995-11-13 | 株式会社東芝 | Media conversion method |
JPH01302472A (en) | 1988-05-31 | 1989-12-06 | Toshiba Corp | Image information processor |
US5150031A (en) | 1988-09-30 | 1992-09-22 | Motorola, Inc. | Battery charging system |
JP2783558B2 (en) | 1988-09-30 | 1998-08-06 | 株式会社東芝 | Summary generation method and summary generation device |
JPH0363745A (en) | 1989-08-01 | 1991-03-19 | Canon Inc | Information processing system |
JPH0375954A (en) | 1989-08-18 | 1991-03-29 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Network system |
DE69126223T2 (en) * | 1990-02-14 | 1997-09-18 | Fujitsu Ltd | System for creating a transmission path in a tightly coupled computer system |
US5251329A (en) | 1990-03-07 | 1993-10-05 | Sony Corporation | Radio telephone apparatus with microphone mounted in battery case |
JP2731447B2 (en) | 1990-03-28 | 1998-03-25 | 大日本スクリーン製造株式会社 | Integrated image recording device |
US5159592A (en) | 1990-10-29 | 1992-10-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | Network address management for a wired network supporting wireless communication to a plurality of mobile users |
JPH04239251A (en) | 1991-01-11 | 1992-08-27 | Toshiba Corp | Radio telephony equipment adaptor |
US5379340A (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1995-01-03 | Betterprize Limited | Text communication system |
DE69231118T2 (en) | 1991-10-18 | 2000-12-14 | Fujitsu Ltd | Message distribution system with cordless message-transmitting substations and message-receiving terminal devices |
JPH05216800A (en) | 1992-02-04 | 1993-08-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Network communication system |
US6553178B2 (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 2003-04-22 | Max Abecassis | Advertisement subsidized video-on-demand system |
JPH05274229A (en) | 1992-03-25 | 1993-10-22 | Toshiba Corp | Data converting system for network system and network system for the data converting system |
JPH05274424A (en) | 1992-03-25 | 1993-10-22 | Toshiba Corp | Image information processor |
JPH05324527A (en) | 1992-05-25 | 1993-12-07 | Fujitsu Ltd | Data conversion system |
JPH0652119A (en) | 1992-08-03 | 1994-02-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Replication file referencing system |
JPH06103189A (en) * | 1992-09-24 | 1994-04-15 | Hitachi Inf Syst Ltd | Character and picture transmission/synthesis system |
JPH06118829A (en) * | 1992-10-02 | 1994-04-28 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Local heating device and apparatus with the same |
GB9224076D0 (en) * | 1992-11-17 | 1993-01-06 | Ibm | Communication in a computer network |
JPH06205049A (en) | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-22 | Canon Inc | Communication server system |
US5586260A (en) | 1993-02-12 | 1996-12-17 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Method and apparatus for authenticating a client to a server in computer systems which support different security mechanisms |
JP3365576B2 (en) | 1993-06-14 | 2003-01-14 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | Object execution method and apparatus |
JPH0730672A (en) | 1993-07-08 | 1995-01-31 | Canon Inc | Personal computer device, data base system and handy portable telephone system |
US5564070A (en) | 1993-07-30 | 1996-10-08 | Xerox Corporation | Method and system for maintaining processing continuity to mobile computers in a wireless network |
US5325362A (en) | 1993-09-29 | 1994-06-28 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Scalable and efficient intra-domain tunneling mobile-IP scheme |
US5446736A (en) | 1993-10-07 | 1995-08-29 | Ast Research, Inc. | Method and apparatus for connecting a node to a wireless network using a standard protocol |
US5533174A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1996-07-02 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Network font server |
USH1641H (en) | 1993-11-30 | 1997-04-01 | Gte Mobile Communications Service Corporation | Connection of mobile devices to heterogenous networks |
US5493692A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1996-02-20 | Xerox Corporation | Selective delivery of electronic messages in a multiple computer system based on context and environment of a user |
US5812865A (en) | 1993-12-03 | 1998-09-22 | Xerox Corporation | Specifying and establishing communication data paths between particular media devices in multiple media device computing systems based on context of a user or users |
JP3176199B2 (en) | 1993-12-14 | 2001-06-11 | 中国日本電気ソフトウェア株式会社 | Server client system |
US5870549A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1999-02-09 | Bobo, Ii; Charles R. | Systems and methods for storing, delivering, and managing messages |
JPH086875A (en) | 1994-06-20 | 1996-01-12 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Multimedia communication system and its terminal device |
JP3628359B2 (en) * | 1994-10-19 | 2005-03-09 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Data transfer method, data transmission device, data reception device, and video mail system |
JP2842514B2 (en) | 1994-11-29 | 1999-01-06 | 日本電気株式会社 | Battery pack |
US5758257A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1998-05-26 | Herz; Frederick | System and method for scheduling broadcast of and access to video programs and other data using customer profiles |
EP1463264A3 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 2005-11-23 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Communication equipment |
JP3547191B2 (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 2004-07-28 | シャープ株式会社 | Communication device |
AU4594096A (en) | 1994-12-02 | 1996-06-19 | Xcellenet, Inc. | Methods and systems for preventing unnecessary file transfers between a server and a remote node |
US5530852A (en) | 1994-12-20 | 1996-06-25 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Method for extracting profiles and topics from a first file written in a first markup language and generating files in different markup languages containing the profiles and topics for use in accessing data described by the profiles and topics |
EP0807291B1 (en) | 1995-01-23 | 2000-01-05 | BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS public limited company | Methods and/or systems for accessing information |
US5710883A (en) | 1995-03-10 | 1998-01-20 | Stanford University | Hypertext document transport mechanism for firewall-compatible distributed world-wide web publishing |
US5572528A (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-11-05 | Novell, Inc. | Mobile networking method and apparatus |
JP3817280B2 (en) * | 1995-06-27 | 2006-09-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Data conversion apparatus, network system including data conversion apparatus, and data transmission method |
US20010002851A1 (en) | 1995-04-14 | 2001-06-07 | Takao Shimada | Multimedia data processing system in network |
GB9508696D0 (en) | 1995-04-28 | 1995-06-14 | At & T Corp | Method for connecting roaming stations in a source routed bridged local area network |
US5696898A (en) | 1995-06-06 | 1997-12-09 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | System and method for database access control |
US5678041A (en) | 1995-06-06 | 1997-10-14 | At&T | System and method for restricting user access rights on the internet based on rating information stored in a relational database |
US5701451A (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1997-12-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for fulfilling requests of a web browser |
US5710918A (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1998-01-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for distributed task fulfillment of web browser requests |
US5706507A (en) | 1995-07-05 | 1998-01-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for controlling access to data located on a content server |
US5680129A (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1997-10-21 | Hewlett-Packard Company | System and method for lossless image compression |
US5826025A (en) | 1995-09-08 | 1998-10-20 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | System for annotation overlay proxy configured to retrieve associated overlays associated with a document request from annotation directory created from list of overlay groups |
JPH0981519A (en) | 1995-09-08 | 1997-03-28 | Kiyadeitsukusu:Kk | Authentication method on network |
US5623600A (en) | 1995-09-26 | 1997-04-22 | Trend Micro, Incorporated | Virus detection and removal apparatus for computer networks |
US5774670A (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1998-06-30 | Netscape Communications Corporation | Persistent client state in a hypertext transfer protocol based client-server system |
JPH09168150A (en) * | 1995-10-09 | 1997-06-24 | Fujitsu Ltd | Fixed length cell processing type image communication method, fixed length cell processing type image communication transmitter and fixed length cell processing type image communication receiver |
US5717689A (en) | 1995-10-10 | 1998-02-10 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Data link layer protocol for transport of ATM cells over a wireless link |
CN1152552C (en) | 1995-10-11 | 2004-06-02 | 索尼公司 | Information providing device and portable communication terminal |
US5737619A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1998-04-07 | Judson; David Hugh | World wide web browsing with content delivery over an idle connection and interstitial content display |
US5572643A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1996-11-05 | Judson; David H. | Web browser with dynamic display of information objects during linking |
US5742598A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1998-04-21 | International Business Machines Corp. | Network for efficiently locating resources and routing service requests received from individual node connections |
US5907815A (en) | 1995-12-07 | 1999-05-25 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Portable computer stored removable mobile telephone |
US6339794B2 (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 2002-01-15 | Microsoft Corporation | Wire protocol for a media server system |
US5809415A (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 1998-09-15 | Unwired Planet, Inc. | Method and architecture for an interactive two-way data communication network |
KR19990072122A (en) | 1995-12-12 | 1999-09-27 | 바자니 크레이그 에스 | Method and apparatus for real-time image transmission |
US5781550A (en) | 1996-02-02 | 1998-07-14 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Transparent and secure network gateway |
US5727159A (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 1998-03-10 | Kikinis; Dan | System in which a Proxy-Server translates information received from the Internet into a form/format readily usable by low power portable computers |
US6076109A (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 2000-06-13 | Lextron, Systems, Inc. | Simplified-file hyper text protocol |
US5673322A (en) | 1996-03-22 | 1997-09-30 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | System and method for providing protocol translation and filtering to access the world wide web from wireless or low-bandwidth networks |
US5764235A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 1998-06-09 | Insight Development Corporation | Computer implemented method and system for transmitting graphical images from server to client at user selectable resolution |
US6243596B1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2001-06-05 | Lextron Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for modifying and integrating a cellular phone with the capability to access and browse the internet |
US5768528A (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1998-06-16 | V-Cast, Inc. | Client-server system for delivery of online information |
US5918013A (en) | 1996-06-03 | 1999-06-29 | Webtv Networks, Inc. | Method of transcoding documents in a network environment using a proxy server |
US5748897A (en) | 1996-07-02 | 1998-05-05 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for operating an aggregation of server computers using a dual-role proxy server computer |
JP3576317B2 (en) | 1996-07-05 | 2004-10-13 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・データ | Communication method and apparatus, communication system |
US6073176A (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 2000-06-06 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Dynamic bidding protocol for conducting multilink sessions through different physical termination points |
US5790789A (en) | 1996-08-02 | 1998-08-04 | Suarez; Larry | Method and architecture for the creation, control and deployment of services within a distributed computer environment |
US6233017B1 (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 2001-05-15 | Microsoft Corporation | Multimedia compression system with adaptive block sizes |
US5897644A (en) * | 1996-09-25 | 1999-04-27 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for fixed canvas presentations detecting canvas specifications including aspect ratio specifications within HTML data streams |
JP3683051B2 (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 2005-08-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Data transmission method |
US6073033A (en) | 1996-11-01 | 2000-06-06 | Telxon Corporation | Portable telephone with integrated heads-up display and data terminal functions |
US5953506A (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 1999-09-14 | Adaptive Media Technologies | Method and apparatus that provides a scalable media delivery system |
US5892767A (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 1999-04-06 | Selsius Systems Inc. | Systems and method for multicasting a video stream and communications network employing the same |
US5796952A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-08-18 | Dot Com Development, Inc. | Method and apparatus for tracking client interaction with a network resource and creating client profiles and resource database |
US6023714A (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 2000-02-08 | Microsoft Corporation | Method and system for dynamically adapting the layout of a document to an output device |
JP3354433B2 (en) | 1997-04-25 | 2002-12-09 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Network communication system |
US5805803A (en) | 1997-05-13 | 1998-09-08 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Secure web tunnel |
US6128649A (en) * | 1997-06-02 | 2000-10-03 | Nortel Networks Limited | Dynamic selection of media streams for display |
US6014701A (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 2000-01-11 | Microsoft Corporation | Selecting a cost-effective bandwidth for transmitting information to an end user in a computer network |
US6125285A (en) | 1997-08-01 | 2000-09-26 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Wireless handset for implementing a virtual office |
US5873045A (en) | 1997-10-29 | 1999-02-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Mobile client computer with radio frequency transceiver |
US6085247A (en) * | 1998-06-08 | 2000-07-04 | Microsoft Corporation | Server operating system for supporting multiple client-server sessions and dynamic reconnection of users to previous sessions using different computers |
US6167469A (en) * | 1998-05-18 | 2000-12-26 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Digital camera having display device for displaying graphical representation of user input and method for transporting the selected digital images thereof |
US6154778A (en) * | 1998-05-19 | 2000-11-28 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Utility-based multi-category quality-of-service negotiation in distributed systems |
US6324648B1 (en) | 1999-12-14 | 2001-11-27 | Gte Service Corporation | Secure gateway having user identification and password authentication |
-
1997
- 1997-01-30 US US08/791,249 patent/US6076109A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-01-20 CN CN98809133A patent/CN1114157C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-20 WO PCT/US1998/001159 patent/WO1998036344A2/en active Search and Examination
- 1998-01-20 JP JP10535740A patent/JP2000514940A/en active Pending
- 1998-01-20 EP EP98903624A patent/EP0956528A4/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-02-17 US US09/506,107 patent/US6535922B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-02-12 US US10/364,960 patent/US20030120786A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-06-07 US US10/862,725 patent/US7562157B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7562157B2 (en) | 2009-07-14 |
US20050182827A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
EP0956528A4 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
WO1998036344A3 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
EP0956528A2 (en) | 1999-11-17 |
US6076109A (en) | 2000-06-13 |
CN1114157C (en) | 2003-07-09 |
WO1998036344A2 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
JP2000514940A (en) | 2000-11-07 |
CN1270678A (en) | 2000-10-18 |
US6535922B1 (en) | 2003-03-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6535922B1 (en) | Simplified-file hyper text protocol | |
US5727159A (en) | System in which a Proxy-Server translates information received from the Internet into a form/format readily usable by low power portable computers | |
US6243596B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for modifying and integrating a cellular phone with the capability to access and browse the internet | |
EP1076867B1 (en) | Tailoring data and transmission protocol for efficient interactive data transactions over wide-area networks | |
US7167142B2 (en) | Multi-user display system | |
US6330566B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for optimizing client-state data storage | |
US6324500B1 (en) | Method and system for the international support of internet web pages | |
US6381567B1 (en) | Method and system for providing real-time personalization for web-browser-based applications | |
EP1330098A1 (en) | Method and communication system for data web session transfer | |
CN101243437A (en) | Virtual robot communication format customized by endpoint | |
NO319854B1 (en) | Procedure and system for handling web sessions | |
WO1999003034A1 (en) | System and method for generating a chat room over a computer network | |
WO2001016765A1 (en) | System and method for sharing computer action scripts through a searchable database, and related applications thereof | |
Wiggins | The University of Minnesota's Internet Gopher System: A tool for accessing network-based electronic information | |
JP2001273228A (en) | Device and method for outputting document | |
ELLIS | System in which a Proxy-Server translates information received from the Internet into a form/format readily usable by low power portable computers | |
JP2004534292A (en) | User browser real-time control system and method | |
Huynh | Developing WAP services with Allaire's ColdFusion | |
Schulzrinne | GMD Fokus Hardenbergplatz 2 10623 Berlin email: schulzrinne@ fokus. gmd. de | |
KR19980074600A (en) | Internet broadcasting system with picture promotion function |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HANGER SOLUTIONS, LLC, GEORGIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:INTELLECTUAL VENTURES ASSETS 158 LLC;REEL/FRAME:051486/0425 Effective date: 20191206 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: INTELLECTUAL VENTURES ASSETS 158 LLC, DELAWARE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CALLAHAN CELLULAR L.L.C.;REEL/FRAME:051727/0155 Effective date: 20191126 |