US2359722A - Atomizing burner - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 3, 1944. a 2m 2,359,722

ATOMIZING BURNER Filed Nov; 16, 1942 INVENT OR John 3. ZinK ATTORNEY Patentecl Oct. 3, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ATOMIZING BURNER John s. Zink, Tulsa, Okla.

Application November 16, 1942, Serial No. 465,805

4 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in liquid fuel burners for use in furnaces, and more particulary but not by way of limitation to a burner utilizing liquid fuel with steam or air for use in furnaces for steel mills, refineries, power boilers or the like.

It is an important object of this invention to provide a burner adapted for use in any type of furnace for increasing the capacity thereof by creating a homogenized mixture of liquid fuel and steam discharging from the burner.

And still another object of this invention is to provide a burner adapted for use in a furnace and providing a homogenized mixture of fuel discharging from the burner into the atmosphere in an evenly distributed minutely fine spray.

And still another object of this invention is to provide a burner adapted for use in a furnace and providing a homogenized fine mixture to be burned by directing a stream of steam from a multiplicity of apertures, arranged tangentially to an oil stream so as to discharge the steam into the oil at an angle to the axis of the oil flow.

And still another object of this invention is to provide a burner adapted for use in a furnace and providing a two stage emulsification of fluid and liquid fuel by creating an intermediate pressure drop between the primary stage of introducing the fluid into the liquid fuel and the point of discharging the homogenized mixture into the atmosphere.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be evident from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing which illustrates one form of the invention.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view with certain parts in elevation of the improved burner.

Fig. 2 is a view in broken elevation of the burner assembly.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a modified form of the burner nozzle.

Fig. 4 is a similar view of a further modifica tion.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view on line 55 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawing in detail, particularly Figs. 1 and 2, the burner is adapted for use in any furnace utilizing liquid fuel and steam or air and is connected with an inlet steam line 2 and an inlet liquid fuel line 4. Inlet lines 2 and 4 are in communication with the burner unit 6 comprising a housing 8 provided with an intermediate baflle or wall l0. One end portion of the housing is provided with threaded apertures l2 and I4 securing thereto, respectively, the inlet pipes 4 and 2.- A vertical baflie I6 is formed between the inner periphery of the housing 8 and the baffle I0 and is provided with a threaded aperture I8 for receiving a cylindrical member or steam spud 20 extending from the bafile l6 through a threaded aperture'22 provided in the opposite end portion of the housing or atomizer body 8. The bafile l0 and spud 20 provides for two chambers 24 and 26 in the housing 8. Chamber 24 is in communication with the spud 20, and chamber 26 is in commu nication with the threaded aperture 22 which in turn receives a cylindrical housing 30. The steam spud 20 extends longitudinally into the cylinder 30 and in spaced relation thereto. One end rpOI'tiOIl of the cylinder 20 is provided with a plurality of staggered apertures 32 preferentially drilled in a tangential direction to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder 20.

A burner nozzle 34 is provided at one end of the cylinder 30 secured in a threaded bore 36 and in communication with a smaller threaded bore 38 in which is secured a second longitudinally arranged cylinder or nipple 40. The cylinder 40 is provided with a plurality of staggered apertures 42. It will be apparent thatthe apertures 32 and 42 are arranged opposite the closed ends of the cylinders 20 and 4B respectively. The nozzle 34 is provided with a rounded v portion 44 having a plurality of outlet ports 46 for a purpose as will be hereinafter set forth.

Operation In operation steam or air is discharged from the inlet line 2 into the chamber 24 and is directed into the cylinder 20, while simultaneously liquid fuel, such as oil or the like, flows through inlet pipe 4 into the chamber 26 and is directed therefrom into chamber 48 provided by the interior of cylinder 30. It will be un-- derstood that both the fluid and liquid fuel is discharging at a pressure substantially higher than atmospheric pressure.

The steam flows through the tangentially ar-,

ranged apertures 32 of the steam spud 20 so as to discharge into the oil stream at a substantial angle thereto. The tangential arrangement of the apertures 32 is always maintained in the same direction so as to impart a rotary motion to the flowing oil in chamber 48 thereby accelerating the mixture through an increased turbulence over that normally created by fluid and liquid fuel simultaneously discharging co-axial- 1y through a burner. It will be apparent that the angular directing of the fluid stream into the.

liquid stream to create a turbulence causes a batching or primary emulsification of the fluid and the liquid.

The elimination of co-axial mixture of fluid and liquid fuel has the effect of eliminating impact pressure created in the burner tip thereby permitting less critical adjustment and a wider range of operation for the burner. The apertures 32 are arranged in staggered positions in order to prevent the escape of de-emulsified oil,

The primary emulsified mixture discharges from chamber 48 into a stage of secondary emulsification or homogenization to form minutely fine sprays of fuel due to directing the batched or partial emulsified mixture of steam and oil from a zone of higher pressure in chamber 48 through the plurality of apertures 42 so that the mixture will flow into a zone of intermediate pressure in the interior of the cylinder or nipple '40. The mixing or batching action created by the partial pressure drop in addition to the extreme turbulence created by the plurality of small streams of partially emulsified steam and oil creates a homogeneous mixture dischargingfrom the nipple 40 into the burner tip 44 and through the jets or apertures 46 in minutely fine sprays evenly distributed into the atmosphere.

In Fig. 3 a modified form of burner nozzle is shown having a longitudinal orifice or jet 50 for changing the flame pattern. Fig. 4 is similar but is provided with jets 52 and 54 to further modify the flame pattern created bythe homogenized mixture upon ignition in the atmosphere.

It will be apparent that the secondary emulsification of the fuel and liquid could be created by means other than the nipple 40 and the apertures 42, and it is to be specifically understood that this invention contemplates all means to effect this result.

Changes may be made in the combination and arrangement of parts as heretofore set forth in the specification and shown in the drawing, it being understood that any modification in the precise embodiment of the invention may be made within the scope of the following claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the claims:

1. An atomizing burner including an outer tube and an inner tube arranged in spaced relation to provide a passageway between them, means for introducing a fiowable fuel into one end of one of said tubes, means for introducing steam into the corresponding end of the other tube, the opposite end of the inner tube being closed and the wall of the inner tube near its closed end being circular in cross section and provided with tangentially arranged perforations placing the interior of the inner tube in communication with said passageway, a burner tip secured'to the other end of the outer tube, and -'a second inner tube secured to the burner tip and extending into the outer tube, the inner end of the second inner tube being closed andconfront-ing the closed end of the first mentioned inner tube, and the second inner tube having perforations in the wall thereof placing the interior of the second inner tube in communication with the interior of the outer tube.

2. An atomizing burner including an outer tube and an inner tube arranged in spaced relation to provide a passageway between them, means for introducing a fiowable fuel into one end of one of said tubes, means for introducing steam into the corresponding end of the other tube, the opposite end of the inner tube being closed and the wall of the inner tube near its closed end being provided with perforations placing the interior of the inner tube in communication with said passageway, a burner tip secured to the other end of the outer tube, and a second inner tube secured to the burner tip and extending into the outer tube, the inner end of the second inner tube being closed and the second inner tube having perforations in the wall thereof for placing the interior of the second inner tube in communication with the interior of the outer tube.

3. An atomizing burner including an outer tube and an inner tube arranged in spaced relation to provide a passageway between them, means for introducing a flowable fuel into one end of one of said tubes, means for introducing steam into the corresponding end of the other tube, the opposite end of the inner tube being closed and the wall of the inner tube near its closed end being circular in cross section and provided with tangentially arranged perforations placing the interior of the inner tube in communication with said passageway, a burner tip secured to the outer end of the outer tube, and means arranged in the outer tube between the closed end of the inner tube and the burner tip to create a pressure drop within the last-mentioned means, the last mentioned means including a second inner tube extending from the burner tip toward the first mentioned inner tube and having a closed inner end confronting and spaced from'the closed inner end of the first mentioned inner tube.

4. An atomizing burner including an outer tube and an inner tube arranged in spaced relation to provide a passageway between them, means for introducing-a fiowable fuel into one end of one of said tubes, means for introducing steam into the corresponding end of the other tube, the opposite end of'the inner tube being closed and the wall of the inner tube near its closed end being circular in cross section and provided with tangentially arranged perforations placing the interior of the inner tube in communication with said passageway, a burner tip secured to the outer end of the outer tube, and a second inner tube extending into the outer tube from the burner tip, the inner end of the second inner tube being closed and the second inner tube having perforations in the wall thereof adjacent its closed end for placing the interior of the second inner tube in communication With the interior'of the outer tube.

JOHN sjzIN'K.

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