US2634372A - Super high-frequency electromag - Google Patents

Super high-frequency electromag Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2634372A
US2634372A US2634372DA US2634372A US 2634372 A US2634372 A US 2634372A US 2634372D A US2634372D A US 2634372DA US 2634372 A US2634372 A US 2634372A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
grating
reflector
radiation
frequency
wave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
Publication date
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2634372A publication Critical patent/US2634372A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03BGENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B9/00Generation of oscillations using transit-time effects
    • H03B9/01Generation of oscillations using transit-time effects using discharge tubes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/02Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused
    • H01J31/04Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused with only one or two output electrodes with only two electrically independant groups or electrodes

Definitions

  • a principal object of the invention is to provide a novel genertaor for electromagnetic waves of super high frequency, for example those of the order of a millimeter or less in wavelength.
  • Another object is to provide a novel generator of monochromatic or homogeneous radiation.
  • Another object is to provide a super high frequency electromagnetic wave generator employing an electron beam and a cooperating device for setting up standing electromagnetic wave patterns transversely of the beam.
  • Another feature relates to an electron discharge device having means to develop an electron beam of predetermined electron velocity, and a diffraction grating and wave reflector unit for setting up standing electromagnetic waves transverse to the beam trajectory to generate monochronmatic radiation.
  • Another feature relates to a monochromatic radiation generator employing means to develop an electron beam of predetermined electron velocity, and a unit excited by said beam and in the form of a diflraction grating and wave reflector to set up standing waves transverse to the beam trajectory, together with means for adjusting the trajectory angle of the beam with respect to the standing wave pattern to control the frequency of the desired monochromatic radiation.
  • a still further feature relates to the novel organization, arrangement and relative location of parts which cooperate to provide an improved monochromatic generator of radiations of the order of one millimeter or less.
  • Fig. 2 is a simplified schematic showing of Fig. 1.
  • FIGs. 3 and 4 are magnified views of part of Fig. 1 explanatory of the invention.
  • the present invention provides such an arrangement and is predicated upon the interaction which takes place between a beam of electrons of predetermined velocity and trajectory, with respect to a standing electromagnetic wave pattern set up in the space through which the electron beam passes.
  • the desired standing wave pattern is produced by a diffraction grating and a cooperating Wave reflector.
  • each aperture or inter-line spacing in the grating acts in the nature of a minute energy radiation source, for example of electromagnetic waves. If the wave front of the exciting waves is parallel to the plane of the grating openings, then each opening may be considered as a separate wave source, with all the radiations from the several openings in like phase. If, however, a wave reflector is positioned at an angle with respect to the grating, there will be set up in the region between the grating and the reflector a standing wave pattern. Advantage is taken of this fact, by the present invention, to produce the desired monochromatic or homogeneous radiation. Thus the angle between the reflector and grating determines the frequency which will be reflected. A different frequency is obtained for each angular setting of the reflector.
  • the numeral I represents any suitable enclosing bulb or envelope of glass or similar material which can be highly evacuated.
  • an electron gun 2 mounted within the bulb adjacent one end thereof, is an electron gun 2 of any construction well-known in the cathode-ray tube art.
  • This gun may comprise, for example, an electron emitting cathode 3, with its indirect heater element 4 for heating the cathode to thermionic emitting temperature; a first beam-focussing and accelerating anode 5; a second beam-accelerating and focussing anode 6; and a cooperating electron collector electrode 1.
  • Located between the gun 2 and collector 1, is a set of beam deflector plates 8. 9.
  • the device I comprises a diifraction grating II of any construction well-known in the optical art, and consisting of a multiplicity of spaced fine lines which are opaque to waves of the excitation frequency, and with the inter-line spaces transparent to such waves.
  • a diifraction grating II of any construction well-known in the optical art, and consisting of a multiplicity of spaced fine lines which are opaque to waves of the excitation frequency, and with the inter-line spaces transparent to such waves.
  • it may consist of a glass plate I2 on the planar surface of which there are provided the spaced electrically-conductive lines I3.
  • the number of these lines per unit length of the plate I2, and the width of each line as well as the spacing between the lines should be chosen in accordance with the desired range of the output radiation frequency that is desired from the device. For example, 10,000 lines per centimeter may be used to give an interline spacing of .001 millimeter.
  • the diffraction grating II is mounted so that the lines I3 extend transversely across the trajectory of the electron beam, and the deflector plates 8 and 9 are arranged so as to control the beam trajectory in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the diffraction grating.
  • a wave reflector I4 which may consist of a hat metal plate having a highly polished surface facing the diffraction grating ll, that is to say it is in the form of a mirror which has the property of reflecting the incident electromagnetic waves generated by the grating.
  • Fig. 3 in magnified form, a portion of the grating and the reflector I6, showing how the standing wave pattern is set up between the grating openings and the reflector.
  • the reflector When the grating is excited, the reflector it will be tuned by its angular position so as to reflect only one wavelength from the grating.
  • This phenomena is well-known to the optics field.
  • the position of lines in an absorption spectrum may be obtained by allowing one of the lines to impinge on a diffraction grating, and noting the angle where the refraction from the grating is obtained. This is a well-known procedure for obtaining the wavelength of a particular visible radiation.
  • the reflector I4 may be pivotally supported by a suitable member IB from a wall of the envelope I, and one end of the plate I4 may be urged upwardly by an appropriate spring I9, while the opposite end of the plate can be biased by means of a suitable electromagnet 20- external of the envelope.
  • the plate I4 may be of magnetic material, or it may carry at its right-hand end a magnetic member which cooperates with the electromagnet 20.
  • the grating II does not require any external excitation source in order to initiate the action of the tube. Since the grating H is always at some temperature above absolute zero, there is enough energy radiated from it to initiate the operation of the tube as an oscillation generator when the cathode 3 is in operation and when the appropriate potentials are applied to the several electrodes as above described. However, it will be understood that if desired, the grating II may be excited by an external source of electromagnetic waves of any known type, the wavelength of which is correlated with the inter-lined spacing of the grating lines as is well-known in the diffraction grating art.
  • Super high frequency radiation generating apparatus comprising means to develop a beam of electrons, means including a diifraction grating to set up a standing electromagnetic wave pattern through which the beam passes to produce a high frequency radiation controlled by the interaction between the beam and said pattern.
  • Super high frequency generating apparatus comprising means to develop a beam of electrons, means including a diffraction grating and a cooperating Wave reflector to set up a standing electromagnetic wave pattern through which the beam passes to produce a predetermined radiation frequency.
  • Super high frequency radiation apparatus comprising means to develop a beam of electrons, a diffraction grating and a cooperating wave reflector for setting up a standing electromagnetic wave pattern through which the beam passes, and means to adjust the angular relation between said grating and reflector to control the frequency of the generated radiation.
  • Super high frequency apparatus comprising an evacuated enclosing envelope, an electron gun for developing a beam of electrons, an electron collector electrode, and a device located between said gun and electrode for setting up a standing wave pattern through which the beam passes, said device including a diffraction grating, and a cooperating wave reflector.
  • the method of generating homogeneous electromagnetic wave radiation which comprises developing an electron beam. setting up a standing electromagnetic wave pattern under control of a series of separate wave sources and a common wave reflector displaced along the beam trajectory, and controlling the angular relation be tween said sources and reflector to determine the radiation frequency, the frequency of the radiation being controlled by adjusting the angular relation between a diffraction grating and a cooperating reflector between which the electron beam passes.
  • the method of generating homogeneous radiation comprising developing a beam of electrons, exciting a diflraction grating by the electromagnetic waves from said beam to set up a standing wave pattern along said grating, passing said beam through said pattern, and adjusting said pattern in accordance with the desired radiation frequency.
  • a tube according to claim 10 in which said reflector is mounted in angular spaced relation with respect to said grating, and means are provided for adjusting the said angular relation and thereby to determine the frequency of the generated radiation.

Description

April 1953 w. w. SALISBURY 2,634,372
SUPER HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE GENERATOR Filed Oct. 26, 1949 FIG. I.
FIG. 2.
Sumter ,2
W/A/F/ELD I. SALISBURY Patented Apr. 7, 1 953 SUPER HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAG- NETIC WAVE GENERATOR Winfield W. Salisbury, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, as-
signor to Collins Radio Company, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, a corporation of Iowa Application October 26, 1949, Serial No. 123.597
(Cl. ZED-36) 12 Claims. 1
This invention relates to electromagnetic wave generators, and more particularly to generators of the type employing interaction between an electron beam and electromagnetic field lines through which the beam passes.
A principal object of the invention is to provide a novel genertaor for electromagnetic waves of super high frequency, for example those of the order of a millimeter or less in wavelength.
Another object is to provide a novel generator of monochromatic or homogeneous radiation.
Another object is to provide a super high frequency electromagnetic wave generator employing an electron beam and a cooperating device for setting up standing electromagnetic wave patterns transversely of the beam.
A feature of the invention relates to the combination of a diffraction grating and a wave refiector for setting up standing electromagnetic wave patterns, and a source for producing and projecting an electron beam through said pattern to generate any desired monochromatic radiation.
Another feature relates to an electron discharge device having means to develop an electron beam of predetermined electron velocity, and a diffraction grating and wave reflector unit for setting up standing electromagnetic waves transverse to the beam trajectory to generate monochronmatic radiation.
Another feature relates to a monochromatic radiation generator employing means to develop an electron beam of predetermined electron velocity, and a unit excited by said beam and in the form of a diflraction grating and wave reflector to set up standing waves transverse to the beam trajectory, together with means for adjusting the trajectory angle of the beam with respect to the standing wave pattern to control the frequency of the desired monochromatic radiation.
A still further feature relates to the novel organization, arrangement and relative location of parts which cooperate to provide an improved monochromatic generator of radiations of the order of one millimeter or less.
Other features and advantages not particularly enumerated, will be apparent after a consideration of the following detailed description and the appended claims.
In the drawing,
Fig. 1 is a composite structural and schematic circuit diagram of a radiation generator according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a simplified schematic showing of Fig. 1.
Figs. 3 and 4 are magnified views of part of Fig. 1 explanatory of the invention.
There has been a great demand in certain fields of the radiation art, for an arrangement which can be used to generate homogeneous or monochromatic waves of super high frequency, for example in the range of one millimeter or less wavelength. The present invention provides such an arrangement and is predicated upon the interaction which takes place between a beam of electrons of predetermined velocity and trajectory, with respect to a standing electromagnetic wave pattern set up in the space through which the electron beam passes. In accordance with one feature of the invention, the desired standing wave pattern is produced by a diffraction grating and a cooperating Wave reflector.
It is a well-known physical phenomenon that when a diffraction grating is excited in any of the well-known ways, for example by electromagnetic waves, each aperture or inter-line spacing in the grating acts in the nature of a minute energy radiation source, for example of electromagnetic waves. If the wave front of the exciting waves is parallel to the plane of the grating openings, then each opening may be considered as a separate wave source, with all the radiations from the several openings in like phase. If, however, a wave reflector is positioned at an angle with respect to the grating, there will be set up in the region between the grating and the reflector a standing wave pattern. Advantage is taken of this fact, by the present invention, to produce the desired monochromatic or homogeneous radiation. Thus the angle between the reflector and grating determines the frequency which will be reflected. A different frequency is obtained for each angular setting of the reflector.
Referring to Fig. 1, the numeral I represents any suitable enclosing bulb or envelope of glass or similar material which can be highly evacuated. Mounted within the bulb adjacent one end thereof, is an electron gun 2 of any construction well-known in the cathode-ray tube art. This gun may comprise, for example, an electron emitting cathode 3, with its indirect heater element 4 for heating the cathode to thermionic emitting temperature; a first beam-focussing and accelerating anode 5; a second beam-accelerating and focussing anode 6; and a cooperating electron collector electrode 1. Located between the gun 2 and collector 1, is a set of beam deflector plates 8. 9. Located between the deflector plates and the collector electrode '1, is a device It for setting up a standing wave pattern through which the electron beam passes on its way to the collector.
In accordance with the invention, the device I comprises a diifraction grating II of any construction well-known in the optical art, and consisting of a multiplicity of spaced fine lines which are opaque to waves of the excitation frequency, and with the inter-line spaces transparent to such waves. For example, it may consist of a glass plate I2 on the planar surface of which there are provided the spaced electrically-conductive lines I3. The number of these lines per unit length of the plate I2, and the width of each line as well as the spacing between the lines should be chosen in accordance with the desired range of the output radiation frequency that is desired from the device. For example, 10,000 lines per centimeter may be used to give an interline spacing of .001 millimeter. The diffraction grating II is mounted so that the lines I3 extend transversely across the trajectory of the electron beam, and the deflector plates 8 and 9 are arranged so as to control the beam trajectory in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the diffraction grating.
Mounted in spaced relation to the grating I I is a wave reflector I4 which may consist of a hat metal plate having a highly polished surface facing the diffraction grating ll, that is to say it is in the form of a mirror which has the property of reflecting the incident electromagnetic waves generated by the grating.
There is shown in Fig. 3, in magnified form, a portion of the grating and the reflector I6, showing how the standing wave pattern is set up between the grating openings and the reflector. When the grating is excited, the reflector it will be tuned by its angular position so as to reflect only one wavelength from the grating. This phenomena is well-known to the optics field. For example, the position of lines in an absorption spectrum may be obtained by allowing one of the lines to impinge on a diffraction grating, and noting the angle where the refraction from the grating is obtained. This is a well-known procedure for obtaining the wavelength of a particular visible radiation. Similarly in the present invention, the angle of the reflector picks up one wavelength from the diffraction grating and reinforces it, to obtain a standing wave pattern between the grating and the reflector. The electron beam which passes transversely through the standing wave pattern interacts with the electromagnetic wave produced by the grating, and increases its energy. Thus Fig. 3 shows the amplitude of the standing waves in the absence of the electron beam, and Fig. 4 shows the amplitude of the standing waves in the presence of the electron beam. The frequency of the standing wave between the reflector and the grating therefore does not change for a particular setting of the reflector. The electron beam passing therethrough, merely increases the amplitude of the standing wave pattern, or saying the same thing, it merely increases the energy contained in the standing wave. As the standing wave and the beam interact, the direct current beam of electrons which are passing through, tend to group or bunch, as they say in the magnetron field, and this invention is of the nature of a very high frequency parallel plane magnetron. The energy is taken off by the pickoif II, or by an energy receiver in the space between member II and member I, and the energy inincreases directly as the velocity of the electron beam increases. In other words, by adjusting the positive potential of the electrode I, or in any other way adjusting the velocity of the electrons in the beam IS, the amount of energy that can be picked up by the device I'I can likewise be controlled.
Thus for the dimensions of the grating lines and spaces as given above, the electrodes of the electron gun and the electrode I can be energized to produce a beam having electrons with an electron velocity of 50 kilovolts, and with the reflector I4 inclined at an angle of 20 degrees with respect to the plane of the grating to generate radiation frequencies of the order of 5,000 Angstrom units wavelength. It will be understood, of course, that in order to control the frequency of the generated monochromatic or homogeneous radiation, the angle between the reflector I4 and the diffraction grating can be adjustable. For example, the reflector I4 may be pivotally supported by a suitable member IB from a wall of the envelope I, and one end of the plate I4 may be urged upwardly by an appropriate spring I9, while the opposite end of the plate can be biased by means of a suitable electromagnet 20- external of the envelope. For this latter purpose, the plate I4 may be of magnetic material, or it may carry at its right-hand end a magnetic member which cooperates with the electromagnet 20.
The magnet 20, therefore, may be used as a means for modulating the frequency of the generated monochromatic radiation merely by applying corresponding varying excitations to the winding of the magnet 20.
The grating II does not require any external excitation source in order to initiate the action of the tube. Since the grating H is always at some temperature above absolute zero, there is enough energy radiated from it to initiate the operation of the tube as an oscillation generator when the cathode 3 is in operation and when the appropriate potentials are applied to the several electrodes as above described. However, it will be understood that if desired, the grating II may be excited by an external source of electromagnetic waves of any known type, the wavelength of which is correlated with the inter-lined spacing of the grating lines as is well-known in the diffraction grating art.
While certain embodiments have been described herein, it will be understood that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
What is claimed is:
1. Super high frequency radiation generating apparatus, comprising means to develop a beam of electrons, means including a diifraction grating to set up a standing electromagnetic wave pattern through which the beam passes to produce a high frequency radiation controlled by the interaction between the beam and said pattern.
2. Super high frequency generating apparatus. comprising means to develop a beam of electrons, means including a diffraction grating and a cooperating Wave reflector to set up a standing electromagnetic wave pattern through which the beam passes to produce a predetermined radiation frequency.
3. Super high frequency radiation apparatus, comprising means to develop a beam of electrons, a diffraction grating and a cooperating wave reflector for setting up a standing electromagnetic wave pattern through which the beam passes, and means to adjust the angular relation between said grating and reflector to control the frequency of the generated radiation.
4. Super high frequency apparatus, comprising an evacuated enclosing envelope, an electron gun for developing a beam of electrons, an electron collector, and a device located between said gun and electrode for setting up a standing wave pattern through which the beam passes, said device including a diffraction grating.
5. Super high frequency apparatus, comprising an evacuated enclosing envelope, an electron gun for developing a beam of electrons, an electron collector electrode, and a device located between said gun and electrode for setting up a standing wave pattern through which the beam passes, said device including a diffraction grating, and a cooperating wave reflector.
6. The method of generating homogeneous electromagnetic wave radiation, which comprises developing an electron beam, setting up a standing electromagnetic wave pattern under control of a series of separate wave sources and a common wave reflector displaced along the beam tra- Jectory, and controlling the angular relation between said sources and reflector to determine the radiation frequency, said pattern being set up by interaction between a diffraction grating and a wave reflector.
'7. The method of generating homogeneous electromagnetic wave radiation, which comprises developing an electron beam. setting up a standing electromagnetic wave pattern under control of a series of separate wave sources and a common wave reflector displaced along the beam trajectory, and controlling the angular relation be tween said sources and reflector to determine the radiation frequency, the frequency of the radiation being controlled by adjusting the angular relation between a diffraction grating and a cooperating reflector between which the electron beam passes.
8. The method of generating homogeneous radiation, comprising developing a beam of electrons, exciting a diflraction grating by the electromagnetic waves from said beam to set up a standing wave pattern along said grating, passing said beam through said pattern, and adjusting said pattern in accordance with the desired radiation frequency.
9. The method according to claim 8, in which the standing Wave pattern is set up between said diffraction grating and a cooperating wave refl-ector.
10. A super high frequency tube, comprising an evacuated envelope, said envelope containing an electron gun, an electron collector electrode, a diffraction grating extending parallel to the electron beam between the gun and collector, a reflector member cooperating with said diffraction grating to set up therebetween a predetermined standing wave pattern, and means within the envelope to conduct the generated radiation to a point external of the envelope.
11. A tube according to claim 10, in which means are provided to control the frequency of the standing waves.
12. A tube according to claim 10, in which said reflector is mounted in angular spaced relation with respect to said grating, and means are provided for adjusting the said angular relation and thereby to determine the frequency of the generated radiation.
WINFIELD W. SALISBURY.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,064,469 Haeff Dec. 15, 1936 2,154,127 Hollmann Apr. 11, 1939 2,170,251 Schlesinger Aug. 22, 1939 2,361,998 Fleming-Williams Nov. 7, 1944 2,368,031 Llewellyn Jan. 23, 1945 2,409,991 Strobel Oct. 22, 1946 2,409,992 Strobel Oct. 22, 1946 2,449,975 Bishop et al Sept. 28, 1948 2,466,065 Weichardt Apr. 5, 1949 2,493,706 Washbume et al. Jan. 3, 1950
US2634372D Super high-frequency electromag Expired - Lifetime US2634372A (en)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2634372A true US2634372A (en) 1953-04-07

Family

ID=3439552

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US2634372D Expired - Lifetime US2634372A (en) Super high-frequency electromag

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2634372A (en)

Cited By (73)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745034A (en) * 1955-02-02 1956-05-08 Rodney F Simons Frequency analyzer
US2866917A (en) * 1955-09-08 1958-12-30 Zenith Radio Corp Electromagnetic wave generator
US2939998A (en) * 1957-08-16 1960-06-07 Zenith Radio Corp Direct radiation vacuum tube
US2942144A (en) * 1957-02-12 1960-06-21 Sylvania Electric Prod Wave generator
US3921029A (en) * 1970-10-01 1975-11-18 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Color image displaying device
US4197483A (en) * 1978-10-18 1980-04-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Submillimeter wave generation using surface acoustic waves in piezoelectric materials
US4286230A (en) * 1980-01-10 1981-08-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Near millimeter wave generator with dielectric cavity
US4545056A (en) * 1984-06-19 1985-10-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Depressed collector/ribbon electron beam analyzer for a diffraction radiation generator
US4596967A (en) * 1983-12-29 1986-06-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy High power microwave generator
WO1987001873A1 (en) * 1985-09-19 1987-03-26 Hughes Aircraft Company Radiation source
US5134342A (en) * 1989-07-28 1992-07-28 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Quasi-optical gyrotron having a hologram output coupling
US5263043A (en) * 1990-08-31 1993-11-16 Trustees Of Dartmouth College Free electron laser utilizing grating coupling
US5268693A (en) * 1990-08-31 1993-12-07 Trustees Of Dartmouth College Semiconductor film free electron laser
US5790585A (en) * 1996-11-12 1998-08-04 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Grating coupling free electron laser apparatus and method
US20060035173A1 (en) * 2004-08-13 2006-02-16 Mark Davidson Patterning thin metal films by dry reactive ion etching
US20060216940A1 (en) * 2004-08-13 2006-09-28 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Methods of producing structures for electron beam induced resonance using plating and/or etching
US20070034518A1 (en) * 2005-08-15 2007-02-15 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Method of patterning ultra-small structures
US20070075263A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Ultra-small resonating charged particle beam modulator
US20070152781A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Switching micro-resonant structures by modulating a beam of charged particles
US20070152176A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Selectable frequency light emitter
US20070152938A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Resonant structure-based display
US20070154846A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Switching micro-resonant structures using at least one director
US20070170370A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-07-26 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Structures and methods for coupling energy from an electromagnetic wave
US20070183717A1 (en) * 2006-02-09 2007-08-09 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Method and structure for coupling two microcircuits
US20070190794A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-16 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Conductive polymers for the electroplating
US20070200770A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Integrated filter in antenna-based detector
US20070200063A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Wafer-level testing of light-emitting resonant structures
US20070200910A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electro-photographic devices incorporating ultra-small resonant structures
US20070200071A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling output from a micro resonator to a plasmon transmission line
US20070200646A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Method for coupling out of a magnetic device
US20070235651A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Resonant detector for optical signals
US20070252089A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-01 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Charged particle acceleration apparatus and method
US20070253535A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-01 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Source of x-rays
US20070257620A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupled nano-resonating energy emitting structures
US20070257206A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Transmission of data between microchips using a particle beam
US20070259488A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Single layer construction for ultra small devices
US20070257199A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Heterodyne receiver using resonant structures
US20070257622A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling energy in a plasmon wave to an electron beam
US20070257619A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Selectable frequency light emitter
US20070258689A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling electromagnetic wave through microcircuit
US20070257738A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Top metal layer shield for ultra-small resonant structures
US20070258720A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Inter-chip optical communication
US20070257739A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Local plane array incorporating ultra-small resonant structures
US20070259465A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Integration of vacuum microelectronic device with integrated circuit
US20070257749A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling a signal through a window
US20070257328A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Detecting plasmons using a metallurgical junction
US20070258146A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Reflecting filtering cover
US20070257621A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Plated multi-faceted reflector
US20070258126A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electro-optical switching system and method
US20070259641A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Heterodyne receiver array using resonant structures
US20070256472A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. SEM test apparatus
US20070257273A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Novel optical cover for optical chip
US20070257208A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electron accelerator for ultra-small resonant structures
US20070258492A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Light-emitting resonant structure driving raman laser
US20070258675A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Multiplexed optical communication between chips on a multi-chip module
US20070264030A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-15 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Selectable frequency EMR emitter
US20070264023A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-15 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Free space interchip communications
US20070262234A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-15 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Stray charged particle removal device
US20070274365A1 (en) * 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Periodically complex resonant structures
US20070272876A1 (en) * 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Receiver array using shared electron beam
US20070272931A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-29 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Methods, devices and systems producing illumination and effects
US20080001098A1 (en) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Data on light bulb
US20080069509A1 (en) * 2006-09-19 2008-03-20 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Microcircuit using electromagnetic wave routing
US20080067941A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2008-03-20 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Shielding of integrated circuit package with high-permeability magnetic material
US20080067940A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2008-03-20 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Surface plasmon signal transmission
US20080073590A1 (en) * 2006-09-22 2008-03-27 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Free electron oscillator
US20080083881A1 (en) * 2006-05-15 2008-04-10 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Plasmon wave propagation devices and methods
US20080149828A1 (en) * 2006-12-20 2008-06-26 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Low terahertz source and detector
US20080296517A1 (en) * 2005-12-14 2008-12-04 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling light of light emitting resonator to waveguide
US20090072698A1 (en) * 2007-06-19 2009-03-19 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Microwave coupled excitation of solid state resonant arrays
US7554083B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2009-06-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Integration of electromagnetic detector on integrated chip
US20090290604A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2009-11-26 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Micro free electron laser (FEL)
US7791053B2 (en) 2007-10-10 2010-09-07 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Depressed anode with plasmon-enabled devices such as ultra-small resonant structures

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (130)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745034A (en) * 1955-02-02 1956-05-08 Rodney F Simons Frequency analyzer
US2866917A (en) * 1955-09-08 1958-12-30 Zenith Radio Corp Electromagnetic wave generator
US2942144A (en) * 1957-02-12 1960-06-21 Sylvania Electric Prod Wave generator
US2939998A (en) * 1957-08-16 1960-06-07 Zenith Radio Corp Direct radiation vacuum tube
US3921029A (en) * 1970-10-01 1975-11-18 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Color image displaying device
US4197483A (en) * 1978-10-18 1980-04-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Submillimeter wave generation using surface acoustic waves in piezoelectric materials
US4286230A (en) * 1980-01-10 1981-08-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Near millimeter wave generator with dielectric cavity
US4596967A (en) * 1983-12-29 1986-06-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy High power microwave generator
US4545056A (en) * 1984-06-19 1985-10-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Depressed collector/ribbon electron beam analyzer for a diffraction radiation generator
WO1987001873A1 (en) * 1985-09-19 1987-03-26 Hughes Aircraft Company Radiation source
US4727550A (en) * 1985-09-19 1988-02-23 Chang David B Radiation source
US5134342A (en) * 1989-07-28 1992-07-28 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Quasi-optical gyrotron having a hologram output coupling
US5263043A (en) * 1990-08-31 1993-11-16 Trustees Of Dartmouth College Free electron laser utilizing grating coupling
US5268693A (en) * 1990-08-31 1993-12-07 Trustees Of Dartmouth College Semiconductor film free electron laser
US5790585A (en) * 1996-11-12 1998-08-04 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Grating coupling free electron laser apparatus and method
US20060035173A1 (en) * 2004-08-13 2006-02-16 Mark Davidson Patterning thin metal films by dry reactive ion etching
US20060216940A1 (en) * 2004-08-13 2006-09-28 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Methods of producing structures for electron beam induced resonance using plating and/or etching
US7758739B2 (en) 2004-08-13 2010-07-20 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Methods of producing structures for electron beam induced resonance using plating and/or etching
US20070034518A1 (en) * 2005-08-15 2007-02-15 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Method of patterning ultra-small structures
US7253426B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-08-07 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Structures and methods for coupling energy from an electromagnetic wave
US7557365B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2009-07-07 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Structures and methods for coupling energy from an electromagnetic wave
US20070075265A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupled nano-resonating energy emitting structures
US20070075907A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electron beam induced resonance
US20070085039A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-19 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Structures and methods for coupling energy from an electromagnetic wave
US7361916B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2008-04-22 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupled nano-resonating energy emitting structures
US7791290B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2010-09-07 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Ultra-small resonating charged particle beam modulator
US7791291B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2010-09-07 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Diamond field emission tip and a method of formation
US20070075263A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Ultra-small resonating charged particle beam modulator
US20070170370A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-07-26 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Structures and methods for coupling energy from an electromagnetic wave
US20070075326A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Diamond field emmission tip and a method of formation
US20070075264A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electron beam induced resonance
US7626179B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2009-12-01 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Electron beam induced resonance
US7714513B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2010-05-11 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electron beam induced resonance
US7579609B2 (en) 2005-12-14 2009-08-25 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling light of light emitting resonator to waveguide
US20080296517A1 (en) * 2005-12-14 2008-12-04 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling light of light emitting resonator to waveguide
US7619373B2 (en) 2006-01-05 2009-11-17 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Selectable frequency light emitter
US20070152781A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Switching micro-resonant structures by modulating a beam of charged particles
US20070152176A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Selectable frequency light emitter
US8384042B2 (en) 2006-01-05 2013-02-26 Advanced Plasmonics, Inc. Switching micro-resonant structures by modulating a beam of charged particles
US7470920B2 (en) 2006-01-05 2008-12-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Resonant structure-based display
US20090140178A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2009-06-04 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Switching micro-resonant structures by modulating a beam of charged particles
US20070152938A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Resonant structure-based display
US20070154846A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Switching micro-resonant structures using at least one director
US7586097B2 (en) 2006-01-05 2009-09-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Switching micro-resonant structures using at least one director
US20070183717A1 (en) * 2006-02-09 2007-08-09 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Method and structure for coupling two microcircuits
US7282776B2 (en) 2006-02-09 2007-10-16 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Method and structure for coupling two microcircuits
US20070190794A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-16 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Conductive polymers for the electroplating
US20070200071A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling output from a micro resonator to a plasmon transmission line
US7605835B2 (en) 2006-02-28 2009-10-20 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electro-photographic devices incorporating ultra-small resonant structures
US7688274B2 (en) 2006-02-28 2010-03-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Integrated filter in antenna-based detector
US20070200770A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Integrated filter in antenna-based detector
US20070200063A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Wafer-level testing of light-emitting resonant structures
US20070200784A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Integrated filter in antenna-based detector
US20070200910A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electro-photographic devices incorporating ultra-small resonant structures
US7443358B2 (en) 2006-02-28 2008-10-28 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Integrated filter in antenna-based detector
US20070200646A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Method for coupling out of a magnetic device
US7558490B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2009-07-07 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Resonant detector for optical signals
US20070235651A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Resonant detector for optical signals
US20070264023A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-15 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Free space interchip communications
US20070252089A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-01 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Charged particle acceleration apparatus and method
US7646991B2 (en) 2006-04-26 2010-01-12 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Selectable frequency EMR emitter
US20090290604A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2009-11-26 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Micro free electron laser (FEL)
US7492868B2 (en) 2006-04-26 2009-02-17 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Source of x-rays
US20070253535A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-01 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Source of x-rays
US20070264030A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-15 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Selectable frequency EMR emitter
US7876793B2 (en) 2006-04-26 2011-01-25 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Micro free electron laser (FEL)
US20070258146A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Reflecting filtering cover
US7746532B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2010-06-29 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Electro-optical switching system and method
US8188431B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2012-05-29 Jonathan Gorrell Integration of vacuum microelectronic device with integrated circuit
US20070272931A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-29 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Methods, devices and systems producing illumination and effects
US7986113B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2011-07-26 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Selectable frequency light emitter
US7342441B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2008-03-11 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Heterodyne receiver array using resonant structures
US20070259641A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Heterodyne receiver array using resonant structures
US20080067941A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2008-03-20 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Shielding of integrated circuit package with high-permeability magnetic material
US20080067940A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2008-03-20 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Surface plasmon signal transmission
US20070258675A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Multiplexed optical communication between chips on a multi-chip module
US20070256472A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. SEM test apparatus
US7359589B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2008-04-15 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling electromagnetic wave through microcircuit
US20070258126A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electro-optical switching system and method
US20070257620A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupled nano-resonating energy emitting structures
US7436177B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2008-10-14 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. SEM test apparatus
US7443577B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2008-10-28 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Reflecting filtering cover
US7442940B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2008-10-28 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Focal plane array incorporating ultra-small resonant structures
US20070257621A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Plated multi-faceted reflector
US20070257206A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Transmission of data between microchips using a particle beam
US7718977B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2010-05-18 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Stray charged particle removal device
US20070257328A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Detecting plasmons using a metallurgical junction
US7476907B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2009-01-13 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Plated multi-faceted reflector
US20070258492A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Light-emitting resonant structure driving raman laser
US20070262234A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-15 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Stray charged particle removal device
US20070257749A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling a signal through a window
US7554083B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2009-06-30 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Integration of electromagnetic detector on integrated chip
US20070259465A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Integration of vacuum microelectronic device with integrated circuit
US20070257739A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Local plane array incorporating ultra-small resonant structures
US7557647B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2009-07-07 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Heterodyne receiver using resonant structures
US7741934B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2010-06-22 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling a signal through a window
US7569836B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2009-08-04 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Transmission of data between microchips using a particle beam
US7732786B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2010-06-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling energy in a plasmon wave to an electron beam
US20070258720A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Inter-chip optical communication
US7583370B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2009-09-01 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Resonant structures and methods for encoding signals into surface plasmons
US20070257738A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Top metal layer shield for ultra-small resonant structures
US7586167B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2009-09-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Detecting plasmons using a metallurgical junction
US20070258689A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling electromagnetic wave through microcircuit
US20070257619A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Selectable frequency light emitter
US20070257208A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electron accelerator for ultra-small resonant structures
US20070257622A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupling energy in a plasmon wave to an electron beam
US20070257273A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Novel optical cover for optical chip
US7728397B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2010-06-01 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Coupled nano-resonating energy emitting structures
US7656094B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2010-02-02 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Electron accelerator for ultra-small resonant structures
US7728702B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2010-06-01 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Shielding of integrated circuit package with high-permeability magnetic material
US7723698B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2010-05-25 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Top metal layer shield for ultra-small resonant structures
US20070257199A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Heterodyne receiver using resonant structures
US7710040B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2010-05-04 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Single layer construction for ultra small devices
US20070259488A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Single layer construction for ultra small devices
US20080083881A1 (en) * 2006-05-15 2008-04-10 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Plasmon wave propagation devices and methods
US7573045B2 (en) 2006-05-15 2009-08-11 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Plasmon wave propagation devices and methods
US7679067B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2010-03-16 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Receiver array using shared electron beam
US20070274365A1 (en) * 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Periodically complex resonant structures
US20070272876A1 (en) * 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Receiver array using shared electron beam
US7655934B2 (en) 2006-06-28 2010-02-02 Virgin Island Microsystems, Inc. Data on light bulb
US20080001098A1 (en) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Data on light bulb
US7450794B2 (en) 2006-09-19 2008-11-11 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Microcircuit using electromagnetic wave routing
US20080069509A1 (en) * 2006-09-19 2008-03-20 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Microcircuit using electromagnetic wave routing
US20080073590A1 (en) * 2006-09-22 2008-03-27 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Free electron oscillator
US7560716B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2009-07-14 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Free electron oscillator
US20080149828A1 (en) * 2006-12-20 2008-06-26 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Low terahertz source and detector
US7659513B2 (en) 2006-12-20 2010-02-09 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Low terahertz source and detector
US20090072698A1 (en) * 2007-06-19 2009-03-19 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Microwave coupled excitation of solid state resonant arrays
US7990336B2 (en) 2007-06-19 2011-08-02 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Microwave coupled excitation of solid state resonant arrays
US7791053B2 (en) 2007-10-10 2010-09-07 Virgin Islands Microsystems, Inc. Depressed anode with plasmon-enabled devices such as ultra-small resonant structures

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2634372A (en) Super high-frequency electromag
US3586899A (en) Apparatus using smith-purcell effect for frequency modulation and beam deflection
US4453108A (en) Device for generating RF energy from electromagnetic radiation of another form such as light
US2250511A (en) Oscillator stabilization system
US5790585A (en) Grating coupling free electron laser apparatus and method
US2406850A (en) Electron discharge apparatus
US2425657A (en) Short-wave apparatus
US7839145B2 (en) Directed-energy imaging system
US2928056A (en) Means for utilizing solid-state materials and devices for the electronic control of guided electromagnetic wave energy
US3403257A (en) Light beam demodulator
US4571726A (en) High performance orotron utilizing a dense electron beam
US2457495A (en) Ultra high frequency tube
EP1046179B1 (en) Optoelectronic device used to modulate the flow of electrons
US2454094A (en) Electron discharge device for producing electric oscillations
US4571524A (en) Electron accelerator and a millimeter-wave and submillimeter-wave generator equipped with said accelerator
US2169374A (en) Oscillation generation system
US3353053A (en) Radiation generator operating in the millimeter and submillimeter wavelength range
US3178656A (en) Apparatus using cerenkov radiation
US3210673A (en) Hydrogen maser for generating, amplifying and/or frequency modulating microwave energy
US2380981A (en) Radio scanning system
US2632127A (en) Electron apparatus for highfrequency performance
US2419895A (en) Ultra high frequency deflection modulated tube
Getmanov et al. Comparing and Assessing the Efficiency of Lasing for Different Configurations of the Electron Outcoupling System of the Novosibirsk Free Electron Laser
US2445774A (en) Picture receiver utilizing anomalous reflection from silver
US2972081A (en) Low noise amplifier