US2639247A - Method of making heat or flame detecting elements - Google Patents
Method of making heat or flame detecting elements Download PDFInfo
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- US2639247A US2639247A US127845A US12784549A US2639247A US 2639247 A US2639247 A US 2639247A US 127845 A US127845 A US 127845A US 12784549 A US12784549 A US 12784549A US 2639247 A US2639247 A US 2639247A
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- oxide
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- zirconium
- detecting elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/10—Contact cables, i.e. having conductors which may be brought into contact by distortion of the cable
- H01B7/102—Contact cables, i.e. having conductors which may be brought into contact by distortion of the cable responsive to heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/04—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having negative temperature coefficient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2936—Wound or wrapped core or coating [i.e., spiral or helical]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of making heat or flame detecting elementsJ and, more particularly, relates to a method of making elements such as illustrated and described in my co-pending application for United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 115,594, led September 14, 1949, now Patent No. 2,587,916.
- the invention is primarily concerned with the making of the heat sensitive elements for heat or flame detecting cables of the type generally comprising an elongate tube or housing, one or more electrically conductive Wires disposed in the tube, and a covering of fiber glass yarn on the Wires which is practically non-conductive at normal temperatures but is rendered conductive at much higher temperatures, whereby the wires in effect are insulated from each other and/or the tube at normal temperatures and an electrical circuit is established between the Wires and/or the tube at higher temperatures.
- Another object is to provide a method of the foregoing character which facilitates adjusting the electrical properties of the covering and/or improving its high temperature withstanding qualities.
- a further object is to provide a method of the foregoing character for producing covered wires which may be immediately inserted into tubes or may be conveniently stored for use in the future.
- the elements produced by the foregoing process may be inserted into tubes immediately or may be stored ⁇ for use in the future b-y Winding the same on spools or drums or the like.
- Figure l is a diagrammatic flow chart illustrating a method of making the elements in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of a length of wire or the like.
- Figure 3 is a fragmentary elevational View of the wire having a braided fiber glass yarn covering thereon.
- Figure 4 is a fragmentary elevational View of the wire having a spirally Wound fiber glass yarn covering thereon.
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the covering and wire shown in either Figure 3 or Figure 4.
- Figure 6 is a cross-sectional View ⁇ illustrating the covered wire shown in Figure 5 disposed in a tube.
- Figure is a View similar to Figure 6 with the diameter of the tube reduced.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a diagrammatic flow sheet illustrating a method of making heat or flame detecting elements in accordance with the invention.
- An electrical'conductor such as Wire IB ( Figure 2), is supplied from a source such as a spool or drum and is delivered to a machine for providing a fiber glass yarn covering thereon.
- a machine may be of the type which braids the yarn on the wire lil to provide a braided covering Il ( Figure 3) or of the typewhich spirally Winds the yarn or a strip or tape of yarn to provide a wound covering I2 ( Figure 4). In either instance, a porous fiber glass fabric covering is applied to the wire.
- the fiber glass yarn may be of any composition, although yarns made of boro-silicate or barium type glass fibers are preferred because of their relatively high softening point temperatures and thermal endurance without material variation in physical or chemical characteristics upon repeated changes in temperature over a wide range.
- Such glass compositions have negative temperature coemcients of resistivity which enable the fiber glass covering to act as an insulator at normal atmospheric temperatures and to act as a conductor of electricity upon being subjected to flame or heat produced by flame.
- the covered wire is then delivered to apparatus for applying a material adapted to give the covering desired heat detecting characteristics, such as the ability to withstand temperatures approaching 2000 F. and higher, and/or a predetermined desired negative temperature coefficient.
- the covering may be improved to resist high temperature by coating or impregnating the saine with a slurry of refractory material or compositions of two or more refractory materials.
- refractory material may be complexes or compounds of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium xide, zirconium oxide and'zirconium carbide and the like.
- These materials or compositions thereof may contain other compounds in small percentages Without materially aiecting the refractory properties thereof.
- small amounts of carbonatos are no-t objectionable, but, to the contrary, are desirable to provide a iluxing action in the event it is desired to sinter the refractory materials and the glass libers.
- Graphite of the refractory type may be also utilized, but, due to its relatively high electrical conductivity, its use in small amounts or in mixtures comprising a major proportion oi less conductive refractory materials is recommended.
- refractory materials have negative temperature coefficients of resistivity, they may also be applied to the covering for the purpose of modifying the resistivity thereof whereby the covering becomes relatively conductive at predetermined temperatures.
- the resistivitl7 of the covering may be modined or adjusted to a predetermined value by the application of materials having thermistor-like properties.
- materials having thermistor-like properties may be oxides of barium, beryllium, cadmium, cerium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, strontium, tin and tungsten and the like. These materials may be applied in slurry form or may be incorporated in the slurry o f refractory materials. Alternatively, suitable salts of these metals in a solvent may be applied to. the covering or may be incorporated with the refractory material, which thereafter are converted into the oxide of the, metal.
- the so treated covered wire is then delivered to a drying zone Where the liquid or solvent of the slurry or solution is removed by the application of heat at a temperature well above the boiling point of Water.
- the Wire ( Figure 5) is ⁇ finally delivered to. a zone maintained at temperatures adapted to effeot sintering of the refractory material and glass bers and/or the conversion of metallic salts to oxides of the metals.
- ⁇ Sintering apparently produces a glass-refractory composition which may be alternately and repeatedly subjected to temperatures varying between about 70 F. and about 2000 F. Without any material variation in temperature coeflicient of resistivity.
- the element' produced by the foregoing described method is now ready to be cut in lengths and inserted into a tube lll havingan inner diameter which is greater than the diameter of the element (Figure 6), and the tube may then be :reduced in diameter, for example, by redrawing the same to snugly house lthe element ( Figure '1).
- the element may be wound on a drum or spool or the like, and stored for future use in a compact and convenient manner.
- the present invention provides a simple, economical and practical process for producing heat or flame detecting elements wherein all of the steps may be performed in line sequence from the bare Wire to the insertion of the treated covered Wire into the tube or housing.
- the method of this invention has great utility because it can be carried out in a minimum amount ofY oor space and at all times leaves the Wire in a iiexible condition to facilitate handling and storage thereof.
- a method of making continuous flexible heat or name detecting elements of the class described which comprises applying a continuous flexible covering of ber glass yarn to an electrically conductive flexible Wire, and applying a material to the covering adapted to. give thecovering desired heat detecting characteristics said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, inagnesiuzn oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titaniumk oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous flexible heat or aine detecting elements of the class described, vvhich comprises applying a continuous exible covering of liber glass. yarn to; an electrically conductive ilexible wire applying a ma,- ⁇ terial to thev covering adapted to,y give the covering desired heat. detecting characteristics, and drying the covering said material being; a. Sub,.- stance selected from the group Consisting; of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chrorrite,l maeglsiumoxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and; zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous exible heat 0r flamcvdctectine elements cf the class described which comprises applying a continuous exible covering of fiber glass to anelecl'fricall-yl con-- ductive flexible wire, applying a material to- ⁇ the covering adapted t give the covering desired heat detecting characteristics, and winding the coveredwire said material being al substance se,- lected from the group, consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calciumox'ide, chromic oxide, chrrnite, magnesium oxideL magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium Oxide, Zirconium oxide and zirconium Carbide.
- a method of Amaking continuous ilexible heat or flame detectingelements otA the class described, Whlch comprises. applying a continuous iiexible covering of ber glass, yarn to .an electrically conductive flexible Wire, applying a materiall ,17.0, .the covering adapted to give the, covering desired heat detectingv characteristics, drying the cove-ring, and Winding the covered Wire said material being a substance yselected from the grou-pconsisting of aluminum oxide, ⁇ alu-mimirn silicate, calcium oxide., chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, masnesiumsilicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous flexible heat or liarne detecting elements of the class described which comprises braiding a continuous flexible covering of ber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible wire, and applying a material to the covering adapted to give the covering the desired heat detecting characteristics said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described which comprises spirally winding a continuous flexible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible wire, and applying a material to the covering adapted to give the covering the desired heat detecting characteristics said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous exible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described which comprises applying a continuous exible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible wire, and applying a material having a nega-tive temperature coefficient of resistivity to the covering said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detectingelements of the class described which comprises applying a continuous flexible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive exible wire, and applying a slurry of refractory material to the covering to enable the covering to withstand relatively high f temperatures said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described which comprises applying a continuous flexible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible wire, and impregnating the covering with a thermistor-like material said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous fiexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described which comprises applying a continuous flexible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible Wire, impregnating the covering with a thermistor-like material, and coating the covering with a refractory material said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described which comprises applying a continuous flexible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible wire, applying a slurry of refractory material to the covering, and sintering the covering and material to produce a composition adapted to withstand relatively high temperatures said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described which comprises applying a refractory material to a continuous flexible fiber glass yarn covering on an electrically conductive flexible wire, and sintering the refractory material and the ber glass yarn to produce a composition adapted to withstand relatively high temperatures said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described which comprises impregnating a continuous iiexible fiber glass yarn covering on an electrically conductive flexible wire with a thermistor-like material said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
- a method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described which comprises impregnating a con- 'tinuous flexible fiber glass yarn covering on an electrically conductive flexible wire with a thermistor-like material and a refractory material, and sintering the refractory material and the glass yarn covering to produce a composition adapted to withstand relatively high tempera-x tures said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
Description
May 19, 1953 D. R; SQUIER- METHOD oF MAKING HEAT 0R FLAME DETECTING ELEMENTS Filed Nov. 17, 1949 tungst- IN VEN TOR j 00A/ALD Rspu/ER rroRA/EY Patented May 19, 1953 METHOD OF MAKING HEAT OR- FLANULl DETECTING ELEMENTS` Donald R. Squier, Pompton Plains, N. J., assignor to Specialties Development Corporation, Belleville, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application November 17, 1949, Serial No. 127,845
14 Claims.
The present invention relates to a method of making heat or flame detecting elementsJ and, more particularly, relates to a method of making elements such as illustrated and described in my co-pending application for United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 115,594, led September 14, 1949, now Patent No. 2,587,916.
The invention is primarily concerned with the making of the heat sensitive elements for heat or flame detecting cables of the type generally comprising an elongate tube or housing, one or more electrically conductive Wires disposed in the tube, and a covering of fiber glass yarn on the Wires which is practically non-conductive at normal temperatures but is rendered conductive at much higher temperatures, whereby the wires in effect are insulated from each other and/or the tube at normal temperatures and an electrical circuit is established between the Wires and/or the tube at higher temperatures.
method of making such heat or flame detecting elements.
Another object is to provide a method of the foregoing character which facilitates adjusting the electrical properties of the covering and/or improving its high temperature withstanding qualities.
A further object is to provide a method of the foregoing character for producing covered wires which may be immediately inserted into tubes or may be conveniently stored for use in the future.
Other and further objects of the invention will be obvious upon an understanding of the illustrative embodiment about to be described, or will be indicated in the appended claims, and various advantages not referred to herein will occur to one skilled in the art upon employment -of the invention in practice.
-to withstand high temperatures, and drying and/ or sintering the treated covering. The elements produced by the foregoing process may be inserted into tubes immediately or may be stored `for use in the future b-y Winding the same on spools or drums or the like.
In the drawing:
Figure l is a diagrammatic flow chart illustrating a method of making the elements in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of a length of wire or the like.
Figure 3 is a fragmentary elevational View of the wire having a braided fiber glass yarn covering thereon.
Figure 4 is a fragmentary elevational View of the wire having a spirally Wound fiber glass yarn covering thereon.
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the covering and wire shown in either Figure 3 or Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional View` illustrating the covered wire shown in Figure 5 disposed in a tube.
Figure is a View similar to Figure 6 with the diameter of the tube reduced.
Referring to the drawing, and more particularly to Figure 1 thereof, there is shown a diagrammatic flow sheet illustrating a method of making heat or flame detecting elements in accordance with the invention. An electrical'conductor, such as Wire IB (Figure 2), is supplied from a source such as a spool or drum and is delivered to a machine for providing a fiber glass yarn covering thereon. Such a machine may be of the type which braids the yarn on the wire lil to provide a braided covering Il (Figure 3) or of the typewhich spirally Winds the yarn or a strip or tape of yarn to provide a wound covering I2 (Figure 4). In either instance, a porous fiber glass fabric covering is applied to the wire.
The fiber glass yarn may be of any composition, although yarns made of boro-silicate or barium type glass fibers are preferred because of their relatively high softening point temperatures and thermal endurance without material variation in physical or chemical characteristics upon repeated changes in temperature over a wide range. Such glass compositions have negative temperature coemcients of resistivity which enable the fiber glass covering to act as an insulator at normal atmospheric temperatures and to act as a conductor of electricity upon being subjected to flame or heat produced by flame.
It has also been found suitable to utilize fiber glass yarn which has been treated in a 15% hydrochloric acid solution at about F. Such treatment is believed to remove lead oxide from the glass and thereby raise the softening point temperature of the glass composition.
The covered wire is then delivered to apparatus for applying a material adapted to give the covering desired heat detecting characteristics, such as the ability to withstand temperatures approaching 2000 F. and higher, and/or a predetermined desired negative temperature coefficient.
The covering may be improved to resist high temperature by coating or impregnating the saine with a slurry of refractory material or compositions of two or more refractory materials. Such materials may be complexes or compounds of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium xide, zirconium oxide and'zirconium carbide and the like.
These materials or compositions thereof may contain other compounds in small percentages Without materially aiecting the refractory properties thereof. For example, small amounts of carbonatos are no-t objectionable, but, to the contrary, are desirable to provide a iluxing action in the event it is desired to sinter the refractory materials and the glass libers.
Various commercially available prepared refractory type cements may be utilized to good advantage for improvingthe yarn to withstand high temperatures.
Graphite of the refractory type may be also utilized, but, due to its relatively high electrical conductivity, its use in small amounts or in mixtures comprising a major proportion oi less conductive refractory materials is recommended.
Since refractory materials have negative temperature coefficients of resistivity, they may also be applied to the covering for the purpose of modifying the resistivity thereof whereby the covering becomes relatively conductive at predetermined temperatures.
The resistivitl7 of the covering, either with or without application of the refractory material, may be modined or adjusted to a predetermined value by the application of materials having thermistor-like properties. Such materials may be oxides of barium, beryllium, cadmium, cerium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, strontium, tin and tungsten and the like. These materials may be applied in slurry form or may be incorporated in the slurry o f refractory materials. Alternatively, suitable salts of these metals in a solvent may be applied to. the covering or may be incorporated with the refractory material, which thereafter are converted into the oxide of the, metal.
The so treated covered wire is then delivered to a drying zone Where the liquid or solvent of the slurry or solution is removed by the application of heat at a temperature well above the boiling point of Water.
The Wire (Figure 5) is `finally delivered to. a zone maintained at temperatures adapted to effeot sintering of the refractory material and glass bers and/or the conversion of metallic salts to oxides of the metals. `Sintering apparently produces a glass-refractory composition which may be alternately and repeatedly subjected to temperatures varying between about 70 F. and about 2000 F. Without any material variation in temperature coeflicient of resistivity.
The element' produced by the foregoing described method is now ready to be cut in lengths and inserted into a tube lll havingan inner diameter which is greater than the diameter of the element (Figure 6), and the tube may then be :reduced in diameter, for example, by redrawing the same to snugly house lthe element (Figure '1).
4 Alternatively, the element may be wound on a drum or spool or the like, and stored for future use in a compact and convenient manner.
From the foregoing description, it will be seen that the present invention provides a simple, economical and practical process for producing heat or flame detecting elements wherein all of the steps may be performed in line sequence from the bare Wire to the insertion of the treated covered Wire into the tube or housing. The method of this invention has great utility because it can be carried out in a minimum amount ofY oor space and at all times leaves the Wire in a iiexible condition to facilitate handling and storage thereof.
As. various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and without sacricing any of its advantages, it is to be understood that all matter herein is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in any limiting sense.
I claim:
l. A method of making continuous flexible heat or name detecting elements of the class described, which comprises applying a continuous flexible covering of ber glass yarn to an electrically conductive flexible Wire, and applying a material to the covering adapted to. give thecovering desired heat detecting characteristics said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, inagnesiuzn oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titaniumk oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
2. A method of making continuous flexible heat or aine detecting elements of the class described, vvhich comprises applying a continuous exible covering of liber glass. yarn to; an electrically conductive ilexible wire applying a ma,- `terial to thev covering adapted to,y give the covering desired heat. detecting characteristics, and drying the covering said material being; a. Sub,.- stance selected from the group Consisting; of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chrorrite,l maeglsiumoxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and; zirconium carbide.
3. A method of making continuous exible heat 0r flamcvdctectine elements cf the class described, which comprises applying a continuous exible covering of fiber glass to anelecl'fricall-yl con-- ductive flexible wire, applying a material to- `the covering adapted t give the covering desired heat detecting characteristics, and winding the coveredwire said material being al substance se,- lected from the group, consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calciumox'ide, chromic oxide, chrrnite, magnesium oxideL magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium Oxide, Zirconium oxide and zirconium Carbide.
4. A method of Amaking continuous ilexible heat or flame detectingelements otA the class described, Whlch comprises. applying a continuous iiexible covering of ber glass, yarn to .an electrically conductive flexible Wire, applying a materiall ,17.0, .the covering adapted to give the, covering desired heat detectingv characteristics, drying the cove-ring, and Winding the covered Wire said material being a substance yselected from the grou-pconsisting of aluminum oxide, `alu-mimirn silicate, calcium oxide., chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, masnesiumsilicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
5. A method of making continuous flexible heat or liarne detecting elements of the class described, which comprises braiding a continuous flexible covering of ber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible wire, and applying a material to the covering adapted to give the covering the desired heat detecting characteristics said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
6. A method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described, which comprises spirally winding a continuous flexible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible wire, and applying a material to the covering adapted to give the covering the desired heat detecting characteristics said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
7. A method of making continuous exible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described, which comprises applying a continuous exible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible wire, and applying a material having a nega-tive temperature coefficient of resistivity to the covering said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
8. A method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detectingelements of the class described, which comprises applying a continuous flexible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive exible wire, and applying a slurry of refractory material to the covering to enable the covering to withstand relatively high f temperatures said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
9. A method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described, which comprises applying a continuous flexible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible wire, and impregnating the covering with a thermistor-like material said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
10. A method of making continuous fiexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described, which comprises applying a continuous flexible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible Wire, impregnating the covering with a thermistor-like material, and coating the covering with a refractory material said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
11. A method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described, which comprises applying a continuous flexible covering of fiber glass yarn on an electrically conductive flexible wire, applying a slurry of refractory material to the covering, and sintering the covering and material to produce a composition adapted to withstand relatively high temperatures said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
l2. A method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described, which comprises applying a refractory material to a continuous flexible fiber glass yarn covering on an electrically conductive flexible wire, and sintering the refractory material and the ber glass yarn to produce a composition adapted to withstand relatively high temperatures said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
13. A method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described, which comprises impregnating a continuous iiexible fiber glass yarn covering on an electrically conductive flexible wire with a thermistor-like material said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
14. A method of making continuous flexible heat or flame detecting elements of the class described, which comprises impregnating a con- 'tinuous flexible fiber glass yarn covering on an electrically conductive flexible wire with a thermistor-like material and a refractory material, and sintering the refractory material and the glass yarn covering to produce a composition adapted to withstand relatively high tempera-x tures said material being a substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, chromic oxide, chromite, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zirconium carbide.
DONALD R. SQUIER.
References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,370,046 Keyes Feb. 20, 1945 2,372,840 Mattern Apr. 3, 1945 2,390,039 Slayter et al. Nov. 27, 1945 2,427,507 Powell et al. Sept. 16, 1947 2,487,526 Dahm Nov. 8, 1949
Claims (1)
1. A METHOD OF MAKING CONTINUOUS FLEXIBLE HEAT OR FLAME DETECTING ELEMENTS OF THE CLASS DESCRIBED, WHICH COMPRISES APPLYING A CONTINUOUS FLEXIBLE COVERING OF FIBER GLASS YARN TO AN ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE FLEXIBLE WIRE, AND APPLYING A MATERIAL TO THE COVERING ADAPTED TO GIVE THE COVERING DESIRED HEAT DETECTING CHARACTERISTICS SAID MATERIAL BEING A SUBSTANCE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALUMINUM OXIDE, ALUMINUM SILICATE, CALCIUM OXIDE, CHROMIC OXIDE, CHROMITE, MAGNESIUM OXIDE, MAGNESIUM SILICATE, SILICON CARBIDE TITANIUM OXIDE, ZIRCONIUM OXIDE AND ZIRCONIUM CARBIDE.
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| US127845A US2639247A (en) | 1949-11-17 | 1949-11-17 | Method of making heat or flame detecting elements |
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| US127845A US2639247A (en) | 1949-11-17 | 1949-11-17 | Method of making heat or flame detecting elements |
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| US127845A Expired - Lifetime US2639247A (en) | 1949-11-17 | 1949-11-17 | Method of making heat or flame detecting elements |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2639247A (en) |
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2799608A (en) * | 1950-07-14 | 1957-07-16 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Electric cables |
| US2859271A (en) * | 1955-04-18 | 1958-11-04 | Gen Electric | High voltage bushing |
| US2978363A (en) * | 1955-10-12 | 1961-04-04 | Degussa | Insulated electrical conductors |
| US3030257A (en) * | 1957-12-02 | 1962-04-17 | Rea Magnet Wire Company Inc | Heat resistant insulated electrical components and process of making |
| US3060923A (en) * | 1959-01-07 | 1962-10-30 | Teca Corp | Coaxial electrode structure and a method of fabricating same |
| US3232782A (en) * | 1960-08-05 | 1966-02-01 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | High temperature resistant vitreous material and method of producing same |
| US3269818A (en) * | 1960-08-23 | 1966-08-30 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Devitrifying a glass about glass fibers on a conductor |
| US3448222A (en) * | 1967-12-07 | 1969-06-03 | Henry Greber | Aerial conductor |
| US3620861A (en) * | 1969-10-27 | 1971-11-16 | George C Wiswell Jr | Cable protection and method |
| US4491822A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1985-01-01 | Xco International, Inc. | Heat sensitive cable |
| US4540972A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1985-09-10 | Xco International, Inc. | Heat sensitive cable |
| US4614024A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1986-09-30 | Xco International, Inc. | Method of manufacturing heat sensitive cable |
| US4638107A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1987-01-20 | Xco International, Inc. | Heat sensitive tape and method of making same |
| US4647710A (en) * | 1982-02-26 | 1987-03-03 | Xco International, Inc. | Heat sensitive cable and method of making same |
| US4906308A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1990-03-06 | Lestox, Inc. | Method of making electric cable with improved burn resistance feature |
| US4910361A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1990-03-20 | Lestox Inc. | Electric cable with burn resistant features |
| WO1990011605A1 (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1990-10-04 | Lestox, Inc. | Electric cable with improved burn resistance feature |
| US5008495A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1991-04-16 | Lestox, Inc. | Electric cable with burn resistant characteristics and method of manufacture |
| US5483414A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1996-01-09 | Vaisala Oy | Electrical impedance detector for measurement of physical quantities, in particular of temperature |
| US20080106365A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2008-05-08 | Gangjin Li | Analog Line-Type Fixed Temperature Fire Detection Cable |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2370046A (en) * | 1942-03-20 | 1945-02-20 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Insulated electrical conductor |
| US2372840A (en) * | 1942-11-06 | 1945-04-03 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Temperature responsive resistance element |
| US2390039A (en) * | 1937-10-16 | 1945-11-27 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Insulated electrical conductor |
| US2427507A (en) * | 1944-04-11 | 1947-09-16 | Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp | Method of producing sealed cables |
| US2487526A (en) * | 1947-04-14 | 1949-11-08 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Electric fire detector |
-
1949
- 1949-11-17 US US127845A patent/US2639247A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2390039A (en) * | 1937-10-16 | 1945-11-27 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Insulated electrical conductor |
| US2370046A (en) * | 1942-03-20 | 1945-02-20 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Insulated electrical conductor |
| US2372840A (en) * | 1942-11-06 | 1945-04-03 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Temperature responsive resistance element |
| US2427507A (en) * | 1944-04-11 | 1947-09-16 | Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp | Method of producing sealed cables |
| US2487526A (en) * | 1947-04-14 | 1949-11-08 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Electric fire detector |
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2799608A (en) * | 1950-07-14 | 1957-07-16 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Electric cables |
| US2859271A (en) * | 1955-04-18 | 1958-11-04 | Gen Electric | High voltage bushing |
| US2978363A (en) * | 1955-10-12 | 1961-04-04 | Degussa | Insulated electrical conductors |
| US3030257A (en) * | 1957-12-02 | 1962-04-17 | Rea Magnet Wire Company Inc | Heat resistant insulated electrical components and process of making |
| US3060923A (en) * | 1959-01-07 | 1962-10-30 | Teca Corp | Coaxial electrode structure and a method of fabricating same |
| US3232782A (en) * | 1960-08-05 | 1966-02-01 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | High temperature resistant vitreous material and method of producing same |
| US3269818A (en) * | 1960-08-23 | 1966-08-30 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Devitrifying a glass about glass fibers on a conductor |
| US3448222A (en) * | 1967-12-07 | 1969-06-03 | Henry Greber | Aerial conductor |
| US3620861A (en) * | 1969-10-27 | 1971-11-16 | George C Wiswell Jr | Cable protection and method |
| US4540972A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1985-09-10 | Xco International, Inc. | Heat sensitive cable |
| US4491822A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1985-01-01 | Xco International, Inc. | Heat sensitive cable |
| US4614024A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1986-09-30 | Xco International, Inc. | Method of manufacturing heat sensitive cable |
| US4647710A (en) * | 1982-02-26 | 1987-03-03 | Xco International, Inc. | Heat sensitive cable and method of making same |
| US4638107A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1987-01-20 | Xco International, Inc. | Heat sensitive tape and method of making same |
| US4906308A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1990-03-06 | Lestox, Inc. | Method of making electric cable with improved burn resistance feature |
| US4910361A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1990-03-20 | Lestox Inc. | Electric cable with burn resistant features |
| WO1990011605A1 (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1990-10-04 | Lestox, Inc. | Electric cable with improved burn resistance feature |
| US5008495A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1991-04-16 | Lestox, Inc. | Electric cable with burn resistant characteristics and method of manufacture |
| US5483414A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1996-01-09 | Vaisala Oy | Electrical impedance detector for measurement of physical quantities, in particular of temperature |
| US20080106365A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2008-05-08 | Gangjin Li | Analog Line-Type Fixed Temperature Fire Detection Cable |
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