US2671644A - Heat regenerator containing metal packing material coated with a lubricant - Google Patents

Heat regenerator containing metal packing material coated with a lubricant Download PDF

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Publication number
US2671644A
US2671644A US130341A US13034149A US2671644A US 2671644 A US2671644 A US 2671644A US 130341 A US130341 A US 130341A US 13034149 A US13034149 A US 13034149A US 2671644 A US2671644 A US 2671644A
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United States
Prior art keywords
regenerator
pellets
packing material
lubricant
heat
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US130341A
Inventor
George H Zenner
Russell W Houvener
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Union Carbide Corp
Original Assignee
Union Carbide and Carbon Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Union Carbide and Carbon Corp filed Critical Union Carbide and Carbon Corp
Priority to US130341A priority Critical patent/US2671644A/en
Priority to GB27007/50A priority patent/GB690759A/en
Priority to US373904A priority patent/US2841368A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2671644A publication Critical patent/US2671644A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
    • F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/057—Regenerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/10—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material
    • F28C3/12—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid
    • F28C3/14—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid the particulate material moving by gravity, e.g. down a tube
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/902—Apparatus
    • Y10S62/905—Column
    • Y10S62/906—Packing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/902—Apparatus
    • Y10S62/909—Regeneration

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved heat regenerator packing material which has been lubricated to reduce dusting.
  • stone or metal pel- 2 at room temperature as for example, tricres yl phosphate and the liquid polymers of dimethyl silicone and chlorotrifluoroethylene.
  • the lubricant coating may be applied in any known manlets, within the critical size range of 1 5' inch to '5 ner, for example by rolling the pellets in a drum inch in diameter, may be substituted for the containing the lubricant.
  • the efliciency of heat Frankl "aluminum pancakes, presently used as regenerator packing material is measured in a low-temperature heat regenerator packing, terms of the fluid pressure drop through the without lowering the heat exchange efficiency of regenerator and the mean temperature diiferthe regenerator.
  • Dusting is dfie- M inclgtolfiinch Graphite 0.05 was 0.009; creased somewhat by holding the pellets tigh 1y in 1 122:] with mechanical pressure on the packing $0 1 ch o i umi "f 182 M22 mate It increases with increased and velocl lty of the fluid flow and hence is more trouble- Do glll n iii lfaif M82 M16 some in low-temperature gas separation plants g gg ng M7 with substantial pressure difierence between the infiowing gas mixture and outflowl'ng separation aluminum pane used mm m'pmhonom This accounts product.
  • Dusting is disadvantageous not .only tor the excess of lubricant over that consumed in coating the stone because impurities are introduced into the prodnot but also because in time the pellet size falls 40 while this invention In been explained with below the diameter range-
  • the object of this invention is to provide a t pellet packing material used 1 mgher pellet een rator p c material of greatly perature heat regenerators and on pellet packing reduced inability and no material reduction of of es other t those previously noted as packing efliciency.
  • the invention is based on the discovery that w l im; dusting m y b Substantially reduced y coatin 1.
  • a heat regenerator containing packing methe pellets with a lubricant.
  • heat regen- 5 term comprising inch to inch diameter craters u in lowmperature air separati
  • pellets constituted of metal selected from the plants the lubricant must also be non-oxidizable.
  • group consisting of aluminum shot and iron Graphite and molybdenum disulphide are parshot, such pellets having a.
  • said pel- 3 lets being each coated with a lubricant selected from the group consisting oi graphite and molybdenum disulphide.
  • a heat regenerator containing packing material comprising aluminum pellets of 1% inch to inch diameter, said pellets being of a heat storing material having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with graphite.
  • a heat regenerator containing packing material comprising 1 inch to inch diameter pellets constituted of iron shot, such pellets having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with graphite.
  • a heat regenerator containing packing material comprising 1% inch to inch diameter pellets constituted of iron shot, such pellets having a tendency to abrade and dust when sublest to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with molybdenum disulphide.
  • a heat regenerator containing packing material comprising aluminum pellets of inch to inch diameter, said pellets being of a heat storing material having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with molybdenum disulphide.
  • a low-temperature heat regenerator for eftesting heat exchange between a compressed gas mixture to be cooled and a cold separation product flowed alternately therethrough, said regenerator containing packing material comprising metal pellets of inch to inch diameter, said pellets being of a heat storing material having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the 4 regenerator, said pellets being each coated with a lubricant selected from the group consisting of graphite and molybdenum disulphide.
  • a low-temperature heat regenerator for ef fecting heat exchange between a compressed gas mixture to be cooled and a cold separation product flowed alternately therethrough, said regenerator containing packing material comprising metal pellets of inch to inch diameter, said pellets being of a heat storing material having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with molybdenum disulphide.
  • a low-temperature heat regenerator for effecting heat exchange between a compressed gas mixture to be cooled and a cold separation product flowed alternately therethrough, said regenerator containing packing material comprising metal pellets of 1; inch to inch diameter, said pellets being of a heat storing material having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with molybdenum disulphide.

Description

Patented Mar. 9, 1954 HEAT REGENER ATOR CONTAINING METAL PACKING MATERIAL COATED WITH A LU- BRIOANT George H. Zenner and Russell W. Houvener, Kenmore, N. Y., 'assignors, by mesne assignments, to Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation, a
corporation of New York No Drawing. Application November 30, 1949, Serial No. 130,341
8 Claims.
This invention relates to an improved heat regenerator packing material which has been lubricated to reduce dusting.
1 It has been proposed that stone or metal pel- 2 at room temperature, as for example, tricres yl phosphate and the liquid polymers of dimethyl silicone and chlorotrifluoroethylene. The lubricant coating may be applied in any known manlets, within the critical size range of 1 5' inch to '5 ner, for example by rolling the pellets in a drum inch in diameter, may be substituted for the containing the lubricant. The efliciency of heat Frankl "aluminum pancakes, presently used as regenerator packing material is measured in a low-temperature heat regenerator packing, terms of the fluid pressure drop through the without lowering the heat exchange efficiency of regenerator and the mean temperature diiferthe regenerator. Because inexpensive sources of lo enceof the fluid flowing therethrough. Lubrisupply for such pellets are available, e. g. alumieating the pellet packing material causes only an mnn'or iron shot or stone beach pebbles, a great immaterial increase in the pressure drop and saving in regenerator construction and main has no effect upon the mean temperature difi'ertenance cost may be efi'ected. ence. At th same time, it greatly reduces dust- The Friinkl low temperature regenerator or ing and increases the life' of the packing material. "cold accumulator and a low temperature gas The table demonstrates the reduction in dustseparation system in which it is used, is deing resulting from a lubricant coating as shown scribed in United states Patent 1,890,646 of by an 85 hour milling test. It should be noted Mathias Frankl and the improved regenerator that a part of the dust in the tests on coated packing according to this invention is especially as samples "was graphite or molybdenum disulphide useful for such systems in which a pair of the rather than pellet material. regenerators efiects heat exchange between a TABLE compressed gas mixture to be cooled and a cold l separation product flowed alternately through 317%:t J lubncation dusting each regenerator of the pair.
Such pellet regenerator packing while inex- Percent pensive and efficient is subject to a certain Pellet Material Lubricant 25%? ig f 52$; amount of "dusting" or powdering in operation. cant mm) This results from the rapid and reversing fluid flow through the regenerator. Dusting is dfie- M inclgtolfiinch Graphite 0.05 was 0.009; creased somewhat by holding the pellets tigh 1y in 1 122:] with mechanical pressure on the packing $0 1 ch o i umi "f 182 M22 mate It increases with increased and velocl lty of the fluid flow and hence is more trouble- Do glll n iii lfaif M82 M16 some in low-temperature gas separation plants g gg ng M7 with substantial pressure difierence between the infiowing gas mixture and outflowl'ng separation aluminum pane used mm m'pmhonom This accounts product. Dusting is disadvantageous not .only tor the excess of lubricant over that consumed in coating the stone because impurities are introduced into the prodnot but also because in time the pellet size falls 40 while this invention In been explained with below the diameter range- The particular reference to heat regenerators for low- 8510mm? then amps and a replacement temperature gas separation plants, it is not in- Of the Packing material may be necessarytended to be so limited and is equally applicable The object of this invention is to provide a t pellet packing material used 1 mgher pellet een rator p c material of greatly perature heat regenerators and on pellet packing reduced inability and no material reduction of of es other t those previously noted as packing efliciency. m t emcient The invention is based on the discovery that w l im; dusting m y b Substantially reduced y coatin 1. A heat regenerator containing packing methe pellets with a lubricant. In heat regen- 5 term comprising inch to inch diameter craters u in lowmperature air separati n pellets constituted of metal selected from the plants the lubricant must also be non-oxidizable. group consisting of aluminum shot and iron Graphite and molybdenum disulphide are parshot, such pellets having a. tendency to abrade ticularly advantgeous solid lubricants for this and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes purpose, as are certain lubricants 'whlch'are liquid of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pel- 3 lets being each coated with a lubricant selected from the group consisting oi graphite and molybdenum disulphide.
2. A heat regenerator containing packing material comprising aluminum pellets of 1% inch to inch diameter, said pellets being of a heat storing material having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with graphite.
3. A heat regenerator containing packing material comprising 1 inch to inch diameter pellets constituted of iron shot, such pellets having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with graphite.
4. A heat regenerator containing packing material comprising 1% inch to inch diameter pellets constituted of iron shot, such pellets having a tendency to abrade and dust when sublest to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with molybdenum disulphide.
5. A heat regenerator containing packing material comprising aluminum pellets of inch to inch diameter, said pellets being of a heat storing material having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with molybdenum disulphide.
6. A low-temperature heat regenerator for eftesting heat exchange between a compressed gas mixture to be cooled and a cold separation product flowed alternately therethrough, said regenerator containing packing material comprising metal pellets of inch to inch diameter, said pellets being of a heat storing material having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the 4 regenerator, said pellets being each coated with a lubricant selected from the group consisting of graphite and molybdenum disulphide.
7. A low-temperature heat regenerator for ef fecting heat exchange between a compressed gas mixture to be cooled and a cold separation product flowed alternately therethrough, said regenerator containing packing material comprising metal pellets of inch to inch diameter, said pellets being of a heat storing material having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with molybdenum disulphide.
8. A low-temperature heat regenerator for effecting heat exchange between a compressed gas mixture to be cooled and a cold separation product flowed alternately therethrough, said regenerator containing packing material comprising metal pellets of 1; inch to inch diameter, said pellets being of a heat storing material having a tendency to abrade and dust when subject to repeated rapid changes of fluid flow through the regenerator, said pellets being each coated with molybdenum disulphide.
GEORGE H. ZENNER. RUSSELL W. HOUVENER.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,987,092 Winkler Jan. 8, 1935 2,102,214 Parker Dec. 14, 1937 2,157,155 Work May 9, 1939 2,280,886 Brace Apr. 28, 1942 2,387,872 Bell Oct. 30. 1945 2,461,011 Taylor et al Feb. 9, 1949 2,531,725 Church Nov. 28, 1950 2,600,078 Schutte et a1 June 10, 1952

Claims (1)

  1. 6. A LOW-TEMPERATURE HEAT REGENERATOR FOR EFFECTING HEAT EXCHANGE BETWEEN A COMPRESSED GAS MIXTURE TO BE COOLED AND A COLD SEPARATION PRODUCT FLOWED ALTERNATELY THERETHROUGH, SAID REGENERATOR CONTAINING PACKING MATERIAL COMPRISING METAL PELLETS OF 3/16 INCH TO 5/8 INCH DIAMETER, SAID PELLETS BEING OF A HEAT STORING MATERIAL HAVING A TENDENCY TO ABRADE AND DUST WHEN SUBJECTED TO REPEATED RAPID CHANGES OF FLUID FLOW THROUGH THE REGENERATOR. SAID PELLETS BEING EACH COATED WITH A LUBRICANT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF GRAPHITE AND MOLYBDENUM DISULPHIDE.
US130341A 1949-11-30 1949-11-30 Heat regenerator containing metal packing material coated with a lubricant Expired - Lifetime US2671644A (en)

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US130341A US2671644A (en) 1949-11-30 1949-11-30 Heat regenerator containing metal packing material coated with a lubricant
GB27007/50A GB690759A (en) 1949-11-30 1950-11-06 Improvements in the cooling of air
US373904A US2841368A (en) 1949-11-30 1953-08-12 Lubrication of heat regenerator packing material

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2841368A (en) * 1949-11-30 1958-07-01 Union Carbide Corp Lubrication of heat regenerator packing material
US2958935A (en) * 1952-02-28 1960-11-08 Philips Corp Method of manufacturing a regenerator of the type used in hot-gas reciprocating engines
US3989927A (en) * 1972-08-05 1976-11-02 Georg Otto Erb Electric heater utilizing a pourable heat storage bulk
US4526877A (en) * 1982-10-12 1985-07-02 Union Carbide Corporation Attrition resistant molecular sieve

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1987092A (en) * 1930-05-21 1935-01-08 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Conversion of hydrocarbons
US2102214A (en) * 1934-11-06 1937-12-14 Arthur L Parker Art of preventing seizure of contacting surfaces of soft alloys and like materials
US2157155A (en) * 1936-07-03 1939-05-09 Aluminum Co Of America Treating aluminum surfaces
US2280886A (en) * 1941-03-04 1942-04-28 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Bearing lubricant for vacuum service
US2387872A (en) * 1942-04-14 1945-10-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Treatment of bearing surfaces with lubricants
US2461011A (en) * 1945-08-29 1949-02-08 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Carbon powder method of making glass beads
US2531725A (en) * 1948-01-05 1950-11-28 Phillips Petroleum Co Pebble heater process
US2600078A (en) * 1948-08-25 1952-06-10 Lummus Co Heat transfer pebble

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1987092A (en) * 1930-05-21 1935-01-08 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Conversion of hydrocarbons
US2102214A (en) * 1934-11-06 1937-12-14 Arthur L Parker Art of preventing seizure of contacting surfaces of soft alloys and like materials
US2157155A (en) * 1936-07-03 1939-05-09 Aluminum Co Of America Treating aluminum surfaces
US2280886A (en) * 1941-03-04 1942-04-28 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Bearing lubricant for vacuum service
US2387872A (en) * 1942-04-14 1945-10-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Treatment of bearing surfaces with lubricants
US2461011A (en) * 1945-08-29 1949-02-08 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Carbon powder method of making glass beads
US2531725A (en) * 1948-01-05 1950-11-28 Phillips Petroleum Co Pebble heater process
US2600078A (en) * 1948-08-25 1952-06-10 Lummus Co Heat transfer pebble

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2841368A (en) * 1949-11-30 1958-07-01 Union Carbide Corp Lubrication of heat regenerator packing material
US2958935A (en) * 1952-02-28 1960-11-08 Philips Corp Method of manufacturing a regenerator of the type used in hot-gas reciprocating engines
US3989927A (en) * 1972-08-05 1976-11-02 Georg Otto Erb Electric heater utilizing a pourable heat storage bulk
US4526877A (en) * 1982-10-12 1985-07-02 Union Carbide Corporation Attrition resistant molecular sieve

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