US2683445A - Fuel injection pump - Google Patents

Description

1954 R. G. SEAVER 2,683,445

FUEL INJECTION PUMP Filed June 13, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet l i 1, i-E

INVENTOR. H ROBERT 6.6EAVEE y fwaw AT TO PNEK July 13, 1954 SEAVER 2,683,445

FUEL INJECTION PUMP Filed June 13. 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. EOBEET G. SEAVEE A TTOPNEK y 1954 R. G. SEAVER 2,683,445

' FUEL INJECTION PUMP Filed June 15, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. ROB EL'ET G. SHAVER avddwy;

AT TOPNE X July 13, 1954 R. G. SEAVER FUEL INJECTION PUMP 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June 13, 1952 a .E v R mm W N? m m6 4 T 3% m B. Ev m Patented July 13, 1954 FUEL INJECTION PUMP Robert G. Seaver, Springfield, Mesa, assignor to American Bosch Corporation,

Springfield,

Mass., a corporation of New York Application June 13, 1952, Serial No. 293,471

' Claims. 1

This invention relates to fuel supply apparatus for internal combustion engines or the like and has particular reference to a new and improved apparatus which is relatively single, compact and economical in construction and enicient in operation.

An object of the invention is to provide a new and improved fuel supply unit which includes a fuel supply pump, a fuel injection pump, governor and fuel distributor, and wherein all of said elements are combined into a relatively simple, compact, inexpensive unit.

Another object is to provide such a device which is of the spill or bypass type and controls the quantity of fuel delivered by controlling the quantity of fuel bypassed or spilled.

Another object is to provide a device of the type set forth wherein the supply pump, injection pump, governor and fuel distributor are all actuated by the pump drive shaft.

Another object is to provide an apparatus of the type set forth which is relatively simple to assemble and which allows the replacement of parts which may become worn in use. 7

' Another object is to provide a new and improved arrangement for controlling the timing of injection.

Another object is to provide a fuel injection apparatus of the type set forth having torque control means.

Another object is to provide a new and improved combined fuel metering means, fuel in- .iection pump and fuel distributor.

Another object is to provide a new and improved governor arrangement for fuel injection apparatus which is relatively simple and economical in construction, yet efficient in operation.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. changes may be made in the details of construc tion and arrangement of parts without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the accompanying claims, as the preferred form of the invention has been shown and described by way of illustration only. j

Referring to the drawings: Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fuel supply apparatus embodying the'invention;

Fig. 5 is an end view of the apparatus showing the distributor end;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view showing the torque control arrangement;

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary view showing the injection timing means; and

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view showing the torque control cam and cam plate.

Referring more particularly to the drawings wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout, the apparatus shown embodying the invention comprises a housing l 6 having open ends with one end adapted to be closed by the cover or end plate II, and the opposite end adapted to be closed by the distributing head l2.

The drive shaft l3 extends into housing In and is aligned with the pumping and distributing member designated generally at It and drive shaft I3 is operatively connected to member [4 by the tongue in groove arrangement 15 or by other suitable means.

On drive shaft I3 is secured gear I 6 of the supply pump which meshes with gear I! to form the fuel supply pump and said supply pump is adapted to receive fuel through one of the ports Ha or [8 and to deliver fuel through the other of said ports, ports Ho and 18 are connected to the supply pump by means of ducts Nb and l8a respectively, depending upon the direction of rotation of drive shaft [3. Outlet port Ila or l8,

as the case may be, is connected by a pipe line,

not shown, to a suitable filter which in turn is connected through another pipe line, not shown, to the pump inlet port [9 through which fuel is supplied into the housing I!) which is kept filled It will be understood that many Fig. 2is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. .1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

;;Fig 3 is a sectional view taken on line 35-3 of Fig.1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

.;Fig. 4 is an end view of the apparatusv showing tnedrive e 1 with fuel under supply pressure at all times.

Mounted for sliding movement on drive shaft I3 is collar 20 on which is carried the thrust bearing 2| and sleeve 20 is adapted to be actuated in one direction by the centrifugal arrangement consisting of the balls 22 and cage members 23. If desired, instead of the balls and cages shown, pivotable centrifugal weights could be employed.

On thrust bearing 2 I is pivotally mounted yoke 24 to which is pivotally connected governor lever 25 which is connected to the fuel control shaft 26, as hereinafter described. The opposite leg 21 of lever 25 is provided at its upper end with the cam 28 which is adapted to cooperatively function with cam plate 29 for providing torque control, as hereinafter described.

Lever 25 and leg 21 thereof both are provided with pivots 25 mounted for vertical sliding movement in vertical slots 21;: in bearing 2!.

The torque control feature is obtained through cam on leg 21 of lever 25 and cam plate 29 for pivoting lever 21 about cam plate 28 when said cam 2c is in engagement with cam plate 23 and the speed of the engine and pump drops because of increased load whereby said lever 2? will be pivoted to a portion whereby an additional quantity of fuel will be injected, thus giving increased torque or lugging power.

The member It comprises the metering portion 39, injection pump portion 3i and distributing portion 32, all of which may be formed integral as shown, or may be formed of separate elements operatively connected and adapted to be driven as a unit.

The metering portion as has an axial duct 33 communicating with the bore 34 of the fuel injection pump, and the distributing portion 32 has an axial duct 35 also communicating with the bore 34 of the injection pump.

The metering portion is provided with the helical groove communicating with the axial duct 33 through port 3?. Surrounding metering portion 3%) is the sleeve 33 having the fill and spill ports 39, one of which is provided for each of the delivery outlets in the distributing member 32. Sleeve 35 is connected to shaft 4! by means of the eccentric 42 whereby upon rotation of shaft through control rod 25, longitudinal adjustment of sleeve 38 on distributing portion at i obtained to vary the fuel quantity delivered through control of the quantity of fuel spilled back into the sump in the pump housing.

(3n the exterior of sleeve 38 is provided longitudinal groove 43 in which rides pin 44 which is connected to pivoted lever d5 which is adapted to be pivoted about pivots l6 and which has its free end 5'? engaging spring seat 48 for governor springs and iii, which have their opposite ends engaging spring seat 5i which engages retainer The spring seat iii and the abutting surface of retainer 52 are spherically shaped at 53 to allow self-centering of the seat 5i and retainer is provided with the opening 54 to provide access to spring seat El to aid the changing of the governor springs to and 55, as it allows the insertion of an element to force seat 5! against the pressure of the springs and thereby facilitates removal of seats 5i and springs 49 and 59.

Lever [it has a portion 55' abutting sleeve 20 and adapted to be moved in one direction, thereby upon movement of sleeve 29 and in the oposite direction by means of governor springs 49 and This movement of pin 44 in groove 43 effects pivotal movement of metering member 38, thereby changing the relation between ports 39 and helical groove (it to correspondingly change the timing of injection by the apparatus.

The distributing portion 32 is provided with port 56 adapted to be aligned with the various outlets as successively upon rotation of dis tributor members 32 and thereby place the particular outlets in communication with the bore 3d of the injection puinp successively, and thereby effect injection into the various combustion chambers successively.

The injection pump portion 3! comprises a pair of opposed plunger elements 51 in bore 34 and adapted to be actuated by internal cam 58 through means of the rollers 59, which are retained in shoes which are mounted for sliding movement in bores 5! whereby upon rotation of member 3i, the pistons will be forced outwardly through the combined action ofcentrifugal force and the fuel supply pressure of the 4 pistons will be forced inwardly on their pumping strokes by means of suitable lobes on the internal cam es, one pair of opposed lobes being provided for each injection stroke to be made by the plungers.

The manual control lever 62 is connected to shaft for controlling yoke 24 which controls the setting of lever 25 and thereby provides a manual control for the pump setting.

In the operation of the apparatus, fuel is supplied to the supply pump through port Ila and duct ill) or port 18 and duct 80., depending upon the direction of rotation of drive shaft [3, as previously described, and fuel is delivered from the other of said ducts and ports through a pipe line to a filter from which it passes through port 29 into the sump or hollow interior or housing l0.

Upon the suction stroke of plungers 51, fuel is supplied to bore 34 of the injection pump through ports 39, helical groove 36, port 31 and axial duct 33.

Upon the pumping stroke of plungers 51, fuel is delivered through axial duct 35 in distributor 32 and port 56 to one of the outlets all until helical groove 36 is aligned with one of the fill and spill. ports 39 at which time fuel is spilled back into the sump of the pump through port 3Q.

This cycle is repeated for each of the outlets to successively to thereby supply fuel under injection pressure to each combustion chamber in proper sequence.

The fuel quantity delivered is controlled by the centrifugal governing arrangement through control of the longitudinal position of sleeve 38 and port 35} relative to helical groove 35 and the timing of injection of the pump is controlled through the centrifugal governing arrangement effecting rotational or pivotal movement of sleeve 3%, as previously described.

If desired, instead of the mechanical torque control arrangement shown, a hydraulic torque control arrangement can be obtained by placing a delivery valve in bore or duct 35 of distributor 32 and incorporating the torque control feature therein. This also allows the use of a delivery valve 8 and the delivery valve 9 can have the torque control feature or not, as desired.

It will also be noted that by forming internal cam 58 with staggered or offset lobes with one plunger leading the other that an arrangement could be provided for use for preinjection, that is, a small injection before or after the main injection.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided simple, efficient and economical means for obtaining all of the objects and advantages of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a device of the character described, a drive shaft, a rotor having a fuel pumping portion, a fuel metering portion and a fuel distributing portion parallel with and operatively connected to said drive shaft, said metering portion and, distributing portion being on opposite sides of said pumping portion, a fuel passage in said rotor connecting said pumping portion with said distributing portion, a delivery valve in said fuel passage, a plurality of outlets communicating with said distributing portion, said pumping portion having a transverse bore communicating with said fuel passage, plunger means mounted for reciprocation in said bore and cam means surrounding said pumping portion and-adapted 51 to eifect reciprocation of said plunger means upon rotation of said rotor. V 2. In the device of the character described, a

drive shaft, a rotor having a fuel pumping pordistributing portion, a delivery valve in said fuel passage, a plurality of outlets communicating with said distributing portion, said pumping portion having a transverse bore communicating with said fuel passage, plunger means mounted for reciprocation in said bore and cam means surrounding said pumping portion and adapted to effect reciprocation of said plunger means upon rotation of said rotor, said metering portion having high pressure metering means communicating with said pumping portion for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by said pumping portion.

3. In a device of the character described, a drive shaft, a rotor having a fuel injection pump portion, a fuel metering portion and a fuel distributing portion operatively connected to said drive shaft, said metering portion and distributing portion being on opposite sides of said pumping portion, said injection pump portion having a transverse bore, piston means in said bore, cam means surrounding said piston means for effecting reciprocation of said piston means upon rotation of said rotor, said rotor having a bore connecting said injection pump portion with said fuel metering portion and said fuel distributing portion, a plurality of outlets adapted to communicate successively with said fuel distributing portion, said fuel metering portion including a spill or bypass port and adjustable means for controlling the quantity of fuel spilled or bypassed and providing high pressure metering means for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump.

4. In a device of the character described, a drive shaft, a rotor having a fuel injection pump portion, a fuel metering portion and a fuel distributing portion operatively connected to said drive shaft, said metering portion and distrib- I uting portion being on opposite sides of said pumping portion, said injection pump portion having a transverse bore, piston means in said bore, cam means surrounding said piston means for effecting reciprocation of said piston means upon rotation of said rotor, said rotor having a bore connecting said injection pump portion with said fuel metering portion and said fuel distributing portion, a plurality of outlets adapted to communicate successively with said fuel distributing portion, said fuel metering portion including a spill or bypass port and adjustable means for controlling the quantity of fuel spilled or bypassed and providing high pressure metering means for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump and a delivery valve in the fuel path between said pumping portion and said distributing portion.

5. In a device of the character described, a drive shaft, a rotor operatively connected to said drive shaft and adapted to be rotated thereby, said rotor being parallel with said drive shaft and having a pumping portion, a distributing portion and a metering portion, said metering portion and distributing portion being on opposite sides of said pumping portion, a fuel passage connecting said pump portion, distributing por tion and metering portion, said pumping portion having a transverse bore communicating with said fuel passage and piston means in said bore, cam means adjacent the periphery of said pumping portion and effecting reciprocation of said piston means upon rotation of said rotor, a plurality of outlets adapted to communicate successively with said distributing portion upon rotation of said rotor, said metering portion providing high pressure metering means communicating with said pumping portion for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by said pumping portion.

6. In a device of the character described, a drive shaft, a rotor operatively connected to said drive shaft and adapted to be rotated thereby, said rotor being parallel with said drive shaft and having a pumping portion, a distributing portion and a metering portion, said metering portion and distributing portion being on opposite sides of said pumping portion, a fuel passage connecting said pump portion, distributing portion and metering portion, said pumping portion having a transverse bore communicating with said fuel passage and piston means in said bore, cam means adjacent the periphery of said pumping portion and effecting reciprocation of said piston means upon rotation of said rotor, a pin rality of outlets adapted to communicate successively with said distributing portion upon rotation ofsaid rotor, said metering portion providing high pressure metering means communicating with said pumping portion for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by said pumping portion and a. delivery valve in the fuel path between said pumping portion and said outlets.

.7. In a device of the character described, a drive shaft, a rotor operatively connected to said drive shaft and adapted to be rotated thereby, said rotor being parallel with said drive shaft and having a pumping portion, a distributing portion and a metering portion, said metering portion and distributing portion being on opposite '7 sides of said pumping portion, a fuel passage connecting said pump portion, distributing portion and metering portion, said pumping portion having a transverse 'bore communicating with said fuel passage and piston-means in said bore, cam means adjacent the periphery of said pumping portion and effecting reciprocation of said piston means upon rotation of said rotor, a plurality of outlets adapted to communicate successively with said distributing portion upon rotation of said rotor, said metering portion providing high pressure metering means communicating with said pumping portion for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by said pumping portion, said high pressure metering means comprising a bypass port in said rotor communicating with said fuel passage and means for controlling the passage of fuel through said bypass po-r 8. In a device of the character described, a drive shaft, a rotor operatively connected to said drive shaft and adapted to be rotated, thereby, said rotor being parallel with said drive shaft and having a pumping portion, a distributing portion and a metering portion, said metering portion and distributing portion being on opposite sides of said pumping ortion, a fuel passage connecting said pump portion, distributing portion and metering portion, said pumping portion having a transverse bore communicating with said fuel passage and piston means in said bore,

7 o cam means adjacent the periphery of said pumping portion and effecting reciprocation of said piston means upon rotation of said rotor, a pinrality of outlets adapted to communicate'successively with said distributing portion upon rotation of said rotor, said metering portion providing high pressure metering means communicating with said pumping portion for controllingthe quantity of fuel delivered by said pumping portion, said high pressure metering means comprising a bypass port in said rotor communicating with said fuel passage and means for controlling the passage of fuel through said bypass port, said means for controlling the passage of fuel through said bypass port comprising a sleeve surrounding said rotor adjacent said bypass port and means for adjusting the relative positions of said sleeve and port.

9. In a device of the character described, a drive shaft, a rotor operatively connected to said drive shaft and adapted to be rotated thereby, said rotor being parallel with said drive shaft and having a pumping portion, a distributing portion and a metering portion, said metering portion and distributing portion being on opposite sides of said pumping portion, a fuel passage connecting said pump portion, distributing por tion and metering portion, said pumping portion having a transverse bore communicating with said fuel passage and piston means in said bore, cam means adjacent the periphery of said pumping portion and effecting reciprocation of said piston means upon rotation of said rotor, a plurality of outlets adapted to communicate successively with said distributing portion upon rotation of said rotor, said metering portion providing high pressure metering means communieating with said pumping portion for controlling he quantity of fuel delivered by said pumping portion, said high pressure metering means comprising a bypass port in said rotor communicating with said fuel passage and helical groove means for controlling the passage of fuel through said bypass port.

'10. In a device of the character described, a drive shaft, a rotor operatively connected 'to said drive shaft and adapted to be rotated thereby, said rotor being parallel with said drive shaft and having a pumping portion, a distributing portion and a, metering portion, said metering portion and distributing portion being on opposite sides of said pumping portion, a fuel passage connecting said pump portion, distributing portion and metering portion, said pumping portion having a transverse bore communicating with said fuel passage and piston means in said bore, earn means adjacent the periphery of said pumping portion and effecting reciprocation of said piston means upon rotation of said rotor, a plurality of outlets adapted to communicate suc cessively with said distributing ortion upon rotation of said rotor, said metering portion providing high pressure metering means communicating with said pumping portion for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by said pumping portion, said high pressure metering means comprising a bypass port in said rotor communicating with said fuel passage and means for controlling the passage of fuel through said bypass port, said means for controlling the passage of fuel through said bypass port comprising a sleeve surrounding said rotor adjacent said bypass port, said sleeve having a helical slot, and means for adjusting the relative positions of said sleeve and port.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,391,221 Beeh Dec. 18, 1945 2,518,473 Hogeman et a1 Aug. 15, 1950 2,622,577 Retel Dec. 23, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 657,759 Great Britain Sept. 26, 1951

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