US2908623A - Anode - Google Patents

Anode Download PDF

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Publication number
US2908623A
US2908623A US660205A US66020557A US2908623A US 2908623 A US2908623 A US 2908623A US 660205 A US660205 A US 660205A US 66020557 A US66020557 A US 66020557A US 2908623 A US2908623 A US 2908623A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rod
extending
conducting
wire
conducting means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US660205A
Inventor
Jr Walter F Doring
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Engelhard Industries Inc
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Engelhard Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Engelhard Industries Inc filed Critical Engelhard Industries Inc
Priority to US660205A priority Critical patent/US2908623A/en
Priority to GB11791/58A priority patent/GB870086A/en
Priority to FR1194987D priority patent/FR1194987A/en
Priority to DEE15893A priority patent/DE1104288B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2908623A publication Critical patent/US2908623A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/18—Means for supporting electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/10—Electrodes characterised by the structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F2213/00—Aspects of inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F2213/30—Anodic or cathodic protection specially adapted for a specific object
    • C23F2213/32—Pipes

Definitions

  • FIG. 3 1" ⁇ INVENTOR.
  • the present invention deals with an anode for cathodically protecting the inside walls of pipes containing electrolytes, as in the case of a cooling system for oil refineries.
  • Such pipes usually made from steel, require protection of their bare inside walls against corrosion and this is efliciently carried out by cathodic protection which involves impressing a slightly negative potential on the pipe walls, the current being supplied by anodes inserted through the walls of the pipe.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the side view of a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the anode of Fig. I, mounted by means of a compression seal
  • Fig. 3 shows another modification of the invention in a longitudinal section.
  • the anode comprises a body portion in the shape of a rod 4 of insulating material, e.g. plastic, which is inserted into and passes through the wall 6 of a container, pipe or the like.
  • the rod 4 is provided with two bores, one of the bores 8 lying in the axis thereof and the other bore 10 prependicular to and crossing the first bore at a point close to the end of the rod which lies inside the container or pipe.
  • a leadin wire 12 is inserted from the outside through the first bore 8 to the intersections of the bores and then radially towards the rod surface through the bore 10.
  • the free end 14 of the wire 12, which acts as the part contacting a liquid, is wound helically around the rod 4, progressing towards the container wall 6.
  • the space left between the bores and the wire on one hand and the portions of the bores without wire on the other hand are filled with e.g., insulating plastic material in order to form a liquid-tight seal.
  • a platinum wire or platinum alloy wire of single or multiple strands is used because the wire constitutes the lead-in portion and contacting portion of the anode in one single unit thereby providing a reliable durable electrical connection which at the same time is easy to manufacture.
  • the portion of the lead-in wire which is sealed inside the insulating rod 4 or a part thereof can be made from a base metal whereby connection with the platinum or platinum alloy wire is made at any point inside the rod.
  • the system as shown in Figure 1, includes a direct current power supply 15 having its positive terminal connected to the outer end of the wire 12.
  • a protective current flows from the power supply through the wire 12 and its helically wound portion 14, through the 2,908,623 Patented Oct. 13, 1959 liquid to the wall 6, and back to the power supply.
  • a representative example of a self-adjusting current supply for a cathodic protection system which is suitable for the use in connection with the assembly herein described has been set forth in a co-pending application Serial No. 732,275, filed May 1, 8, a continuation of application Serial No. 513,511, filed June 6, 1955.
  • the rod -4 is enveloped in a metallic sleeve 16 which sleeve is electrically connected to the end of the wire 12 at the point where the wire comes to the surface of the rod, the wire being sealed into the rod by filling the spaces between the wire and the Walls of the bores.
  • Any suitable base metal wire can be used, while the sleeve 16, as the contacting portion between the liquid and the lead-in wire, consists of platinum or patinum alloy, preferably a platinum or platinum alloy wire mesh, in order to increase the contacting surface.
  • a compression seal is shown in Figure 2. It includes a gland 18 welded to the wall 6 as indicated at 20 and provided with an internal thread which cooperates with a nut 22 to compress a packing 24.
  • the packing rests with its other surface against a washer 26 having suitably the shape shown in Figure 2.
  • a cathodic protection system a conducting wall surface having one side in contact with an electrolyte; an anode assembly extending through said wall in contact with said electrolyte; and means for establishing a positive potential between said electrode assembly and said wall surface; said electrode assembly comprising an elongated, substantially rigid rod of plastic insulating material, a
  • transverse bore extending from one side through the center of said rod near a first end of said rod, a substantially axial bore extending from the other end of said rod to the transverse bore, conducting means on the periphery of said rod and extending from a point near said transverse bore and spaced from the first end of said rod a substantial distance toward the other end of said rod, said conducting means comprising platinum, said conducting means further having direct longitudinal and peripheral electrical and mechanical continuity, a conducting wire extending from said conducting means through said two bores to the other end of said rod, and plastic insulating material sealing said bores.

Description

Oct. 13, 1959 ANODE Filed May 20, 1957 FIG. I
FIG. 3 1"} INVENTOR.
w. F. DORING, JR 2,908,623
WALTER F, DOR|NG,JR.
BY KM AM -ATTOR EYS United States Patent AN ODE Walter F. Doring, Jr., Livingston, NJ assign'or, by mesne assignments, to Engelhard Industries, Inc., Newark, N .J., a corporation of New Jersey Application May 20, 1957, Serial No. 660,205
3 Claims. (Cl. 204-196) The present invention deals with an anode for cathodically protecting the inside walls of pipes containing electrolytes, as in the case of a cooling system for oil refineries.
Such pipes, usually made from steel, require protection of their bare inside walls against corrosion and this is efliciently carried out by cathodic protection which involves impressing a slightly negative potential on the pipe walls, the current being supplied by anodes inserted through the walls of the pipe.
It is an object of this invention to provide an anode for cathodic protection of pipes which is easy to manufacture and to insert into the pipe wall. It is another object of the invention to provide an anode which is reliable in performance during long periods. Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and drawings wherein Fig. 1 illustrates the side view of a preferred embodiment of the invention Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the anode of Fig. I, mounted by means of a compression seal and Fig. 3 shows another modification of the invention in a longitudinal section.
In accordance with the present invention the anode comprises a body portion in the shape of a rod 4 of insulating material, e.g. plastic, which is inserted into and passes through the wall 6 of a container, pipe or the like. The rod 4 is provided with two bores, one of the bores 8 lying in the axis thereof and the other bore 10 prependicular to and crossing the first bore at a point close to the end of the rod which lies inside the container or pipe. A leadin wire 12 is inserted from the outside through the first bore 8 to the intersections of the bores and then radially towards the rod surface through the bore 10. The free end 14 of the wire 12, which acts as the part contacting a liquid, is wound helically around the rod 4, progressing towards the container wall 6.
The space left between the bores and the wire on one hand and the portions of the bores without wire on the other hand are filled with e.g., insulating plastic material in order to form a liquid-tight seal.
Preferably a platinum wire or platinum alloy wire of single or multiple strands is used because the wire constitutes the lead-in portion and contacting portion of the anode in one single unit thereby providing a reliable durable electrical connection which at the same time is easy to manufacture.
The portion of the lead-in wire which is sealed inside the insulating rod 4 or a part thereof can be made from a base metal whereby connection with the platinum or platinum alloy wire is made at any point inside the rod.
The system, as shown in Figure 1, includes a direct current power supply 15 having its positive terminal connected to the outer end of the wire 12. In view of one connection of the negative terminal to the wall 6, a protective current flows from the power supply through the wire 12 and its helically wound portion 14, through the 2,908,623 Patented Oct. 13, 1959 liquid to the wall 6, and back to the power supply. A representative example of a self-adjusting current supply for a cathodic protection system which is suitable for the use in connection with the assembly herein described has been set forth in a co-pending application Serial No. 732,275, filed May 1, 8, a continuation of application Serial No. 513,511, filed June 6, 1955.
According to the modification of the invention as illustrated in Fig. 3, the rod -4 is enveloped in a metallic sleeve 16 which sleeve is electrically connected to the end of the wire 12 at the point where the wire comes to the surface of the rod, the wire being sealed into the rod by filling the spaces between the wire and the Walls of the bores. Any suitable base metal wire can be used, while the sleeve 16, as the contacting portion between the liquid and the lead-in wire, consists of platinum or patinum alloy, preferably a platinum or platinum alloy wire mesh, in order to increase the contacting surface.
The insertion of the whole assembly through the wall 6 of the container or pipe is made by any suitable seal type gland of standard commercial construction. As an example, a compression seal is shown in Figure 2. It includes a gland 18 welded to the wall 6 as indicated at 20 and provided with an internal thread which cooperates with a nut 22 to compress a packing 24. The packing rests with its other surface against a washer 26 having suitably the shape shown in Figure 2.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that many modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit thereof and the invention includes all such modifications.
What is claimed is:
1. In a cathodic protection system, a conducting wall surface having one side in contact with an electrolyte; an anode assembly extending through said wall in contact with said electrolyte; and means for establishing a positive potential between said electrode assembly and said wall surface; said electrode assembly comprising an elongated, substantially rigid rod of plastic insulating material, a
transverse bore extending from one side through the center of said rod near a first end of said rod, a substantially axial bore extending from the other end of said rod to the transverse bore, conducting means on the periphery of said rod and extending from a point near said transverse bore and spaced from the first end of said rod a substantial distance toward the other end of said rod, said conducting means comprising platinum, said conducting means further having direct longitudinal and peripheral electrical and mechanical continuity, a conducting wire extending from said conducting means through said two bores to the other end of said rod, and plastic insulating material sealing said bores.
2. An electrode assembly as defined in claim 1 wherein said conducting means constitutes the free end of said wire wound helically around said rod.
3. An electrode assembly as defined in claim 1 wherein said conducting means constitutes a conducting metal sleeve.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 806,413 Kother Dec. 5, 1905 1,032,295 Politz July 9, 1912 1,489,743 Delius et al. Apr. 8, 1924 1,506,306 Kirkaldy Aug. 26, 1924 2,215,213 Ellis Sept. 17, 1940 2,416,949 Perley et al. Mar. 4, 1947 2,537,061 Kohring Jan. 9, 1951 2,826,543 Sabins Mar. 11, 1958

Claims (1)

1. IN A CATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEM, A CONDUCTING WALL SURFACE HAVING ONE SIDE IN CONTACT WITH AN ELECTROLYTE; AN ANODE ASSEMBLY EXTENDING THROUGH SAID WALL IN CONTACT WITH SAID ELECTROLYTE; AND MEANS FOR ESTABLISHING A POSITIVE POTENTIAL BETWEEN SAID ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY AND SAID WALL SURFACE; SAID ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY COMPRISING AN ELONGATED SUBSTANTIALLY RIGID ROD OF PLASTIC INSULATING MATERIAL, A TRANSVERSE BORE EXTENDING FROM ONE SIDE THROUGH THE CENTER OF SAID ROD NEAR A FIRST END OF SAID ROD, A SUBSTANTIALLY AXIAL BORE EXTENDING FROM THE OTHER END OF SAID ROD TO THE TRANSVERSE BORE, CONDUCTING MEANS ON THE PERIPHERY OF SAID ROD AND EXTENDING FROM A POINT NEAR SAID TRANSVERSE BORE AND SPACED FROM THE FIRST END OF SAID ROD A SUBSTANTIAL DISTANCE TOWARD THE OTHER END OF SAID ROD, SAID CONDUCTING MEANS COMPRISING PLATINUM, SAID CONDUCTING MEANS FURTHER HAVING DIRECT LONGITUDINAL AND PERIPHERAL ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL CONTINUITY, A CONDUCTING WIRE EXTENDING FROM SAID CONDUCTING MEANS THROUGH SAID TWO BORES TO THE OTHER END OF SAID ROD, AND PLASTIC INSULATING MATERIAL SEALING SAID BORES.
US660205A 1957-05-20 1957-05-20 Anode Expired - Lifetime US2908623A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US660205A US2908623A (en) 1957-05-20 1957-05-20 Anode
GB11791/58A GB870086A (en) 1957-05-20 1958-04-14 Anode for cathodic protection
FR1194987D FR1194987A (en) 1957-05-20 1958-04-22 Cathodic protection device
DEE15893A DE1104288B (en) 1957-05-20 1958-05-19 Anode device for cathodic protection of the inner walls of hollow bodies

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US660205A US2908623A (en) 1957-05-20 1957-05-20 Anode

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US2908623A true US2908623A (en) 1959-10-13

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DE (1) DE1104288B (en)
FR (1) FR1194987A (en)
GB (1) GB870086A (en)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2996445A (en) * 1958-01-17 1961-08-15 Eisenberg Morris Corrosion inhibiting anode structure
US3019177A (en) * 1959-01-08 1962-01-30 Engelhard Ind Inc Cathodic protection anode assembly
US3056738A (en) * 1959-02-02 1962-10-02 Harry C Fischer Impressed current cathodic protection system
US3104220A (en) * 1960-04-27 1963-09-17 Herman S Preiser Flexible trailing anode
US3135677A (en) * 1961-02-02 1964-06-02 Thermo Craft Electric Corp Durable anode protective system
US3313721A (en) * 1958-12-31 1967-04-11 Englehard Ind Inc Dish-shaped anode
DE1260922B (en) * 1960-03-07 1968-02-08 Engelhard Ind Inc Electrode arrangement for cathodic corrosion protection
US3409530A (en) * 1965-10-20 1968-11-05 Continental Oil Co Helical electrode
US3674675A (en) * 1970-07-09 1972-07-04 Frank H Leaman Platinized plastic electrodes
US4292149A (en) * 1979-01-19 1981-09-29 Imi Marston Limited Current rope anodes
US4407711A (en) * 1979-11-02 1983-10-04 Texas Instruments Incorporated Corrosion protection system for hot water tanks
US4514278A (en) * 1983-01-14 1985-04-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Trace water sensor
US4545887A (en) * 1983-09-06 1985-10-08 Arnesen Tore C Electrode for electrostatic water treatment
US4822473A (en) * 1986-08-27 1989-04-18 Arnesen Tore C Electrode for generating an electrostatic field

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT344816B (en) * 1976-02-10 1978-08-10 Westfael Elekt Werke DEVICE FOR CATHODIC CORROSION PROTECTION WITH EXTERNAL CURRENT MANODE

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US806413A (en) * 1905-09-07 1905-12-05 Charles Edward Waithman Gaddum Electrode for electrolyzers used in the manufacture of bleaching liquors.
US1032295A (en) * 1911-04-11 1912-07-09 Gustav Politz Means for protecting pipes from the injurious action of electric currents.
US1489743A (en) * 1921-03-29 1924-04-08 Delius George Electrolytic terminal
US1506306A (en) * 1923-10-16 1924-08-26 Kirkaldy Engineering Corp Anode
US2215213A (en) * 1937-12-11 1940-09-17 Francis C Ellis Electrode for measuring electrolytic effects
US2416949A (en) * 1942-06-10 1947-03-04 Leeds & Northrup Co Cell for ph measurements
US2537061A (en) * 1946-02-23 1951-01-09 Wilbur M Kohring Resistance unit
US2826543A (en) * 1955-01-31 1958-03-11 Standard Magnesium Corp Mounting means for cathodic protection anodes

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US806413A (en) * 1905-09-07 1905-12-05 Charles Edward Waithman Gaddum Electrode for electrolyzers used in the manufacture of bleaching liquors.
US1032295A (en) * 1911-04-11 1912-07-09 Gustav Politz Means for protecting pipes from the injurious action of electric currents.
US1489743A (en) * 1921-03-29 1924-04-08 Delius George Electrolytic terminal
US1506306A (en) * 1923-10-16 1924-08-26 Kirkaldy Engineering Corp Anode
US2215213A (en) * 1937-12-11 1940-09-17 Francis C Ellis Electrode for measuring electrolytic effects
US2416949A (en) * 1942-06-10 1947-03-04 Leeds & Northrup Co Cell for ph measurements
US2537061A (en) * 1946-02-23 1951-01-09 Wilbur M Kohring Resistance unit
US2826543A (en) * 1955-01-31 1958-03-11 Standard Magnesium Corp Mounting means for cathodic protection anodes

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2996445A (en) * 1958-01-17 1961-08-15 Eisenberg Morris Corrosion inhibiting anode structure
US3313721A (en) * 1958-12-31 1967-04-11 Englehard Ind Inc Dish-shaped anode
US3019177A (en) * 1959-01-08 1962-01-30 Engelhard Ind Inc Cathodic protection anode assembly
US3056738A (en) * 1959-02-02 1962-10-02 Harry C Fischer Impressed current cathodic protection system
DE1260922B (en) * 1960-03-07 1968-02-08 Engelhard Ind Inc Electrode arrangement for cathodic corrosion protection
US3104220A (en) * 1960-04-27 1963-09-17 Herman S Preiser Flexible trailing anode
US3135677A (en) * 1961-02-02 1964-06-02 Thermo Craft Electric Corp Durable anode protective system
US3409530A (en) * 1965-10-20 1968-11-05 Continental Oil Co Helical electrode
US3674675A (en) * 1970-07-09 1972-07-04 Frank H Leaman Platinized plastic electrodes
US4292149A (en) * 1979-01-19 1981-09-29 Imi Marston Limited Current rope anodes
US4407711A (en) * 1979-11-02 1983-10-04 Texas Instruments Incorporated Corrosion protection system for hot water tanks
US4514278A (en) * 1983-01-14 1985-04-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Trace water sensor
US4545887A (en) * 1983-09-06 1985-10-08 Arnesen Tore C Electrode for electrostatic water treatment
US4822473A (en) * 1986-08-27 1989-04-18 Arnesen Tore C Electrode for generating an electrostatic field

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1194987A (en) 1959-11-13
DE1104288B (en) 1961-04-06
GB870086A (en) 1961-06-14

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