US2980941A - Cleaning sheet - Google Patents

Cleaning sheet Download PDF

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US2980941A
US2980941A US77864358A US2980941A US 2980941 A US2980941 A US 2980941A US 77864358 A US77864358 A US 77864358A US 2980941 A US2980941 A US 2980941A
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Prior art keywords
capsules
liquid
soil
cleaning sheet
paper
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Robert E Miller
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NCR Voyix Corp
National Cash Register Co
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NCR Corp
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Priority to US77864358 priority Critical patent/US2980941A/en
Priority to GB4090959A priority patent/GB870241A/en
Priority to DEN17605A priority patent/DE1137535B/en
Priority to FR812264A priority patent/FR1252660A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0039Coated compositions or coated components in the compositions, (micro)capsules
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/10Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
    • A47L13/16Cloths; Pads; Sponges
    • A47L13/17Cloths; Pads; Sponges containing cleaning agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/04Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
    • C11D17/049Cleaning or scouring pads; Wipes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/12Processes in which the treating agent is incorporated in microcapsules
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/36Coatings with pigments
    • D21H19/44Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
    • D21H19/64Inorganic compounds
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/50Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
    • D21H21/52Additives of definite length or shape
    • D21H21/54Additives of definite length or shape being spherical, e.g. microcapsules, beads
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249954With chemically effective material or specified gas other than air, N, or carbon dioxide in void-containing component
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249994Composite having a component wherein a constituent is liquid or is contained within preformed walls [e.g., impregnant-filled, previously void containing component, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249995Constituent is in liquid form
    • Y10T428/249997Encapsulated liquid
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964Artificial fiber or filament
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2965Cellulosic
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2984Microcapsule with fluid core [includes liposome]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2984Microcapsule with fluid core [includes liposome]
    • Y10T428/2985Solid-walled microcapsule from synthetic polymer
    • Y10T428/2987Addition polymer from unsaturated monomers only

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a cleaning sheet including a base web of absorbent fabric, and the base web fabric in cluding, in or on it, solid particles of an adsorbent material such as fullers earths, interspersed with or in juxtaposition to minute pressure-rupturable capsules each containing a liquid soil remover, said liquid preferably being of an evaporable nature, but not necessarily so.
  • the capsules are ruptured when the cleaning sheet is rubbed against an article to be cleaned, freeing the liquid soil remover, which, together with the adsorbent nature of the particles of solid material and the absorbent nature of the fabric base web renders the cleaning sheet exceptionally efiicient for its purpose, as the removed soil is thereby retained on or in the sheet either by the base web fabric or the adsorbent particles.
  • liquid soil remover is contained in capsules keeps the paper in a dry state, as far as superficial contact is concerned, until used, and such containment prevents the evaporation of the liquid soil remover if such is of a volatile nature.
  • the liquid soil remover used in the capsules is such as to enable it to remove oily marks of a surface of a material to be cleaned.
  • the com-' bination of an absorbent base web fabric, adsorbent particulate material, and a liquid soil remover, is known and is disclosed in United States Letters Patent 995,904, which issued on the application of John R. Rentz, June 20, 1911, but in that disclosure the soil removing liquid was not encapsulated and, consequently, was free to evaporate and rendered the sheet damp to the touch.
  • the cleaning sheet feels dry and can be stored indefinitely without deterioration, by evaporation, of the liquid material.
  • particulate adsorbent solids of different kinds mixed together in the paper and, likewise, it is within the scope of the invention to have a mixture of capsules containing different soil-removing liquids, or to have a mixture of soil-removing liquids in the same capsules.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the form of the invention in which the adsorbent material is in a coating next to the web (of paper) which is overlaid with a coating of the liquid-containing capsules;
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the for-tn of the invention in which the adsorbent material and the capsules are intermixed and applied as a coating to the web (of paper);
  • Fig. 3 shows the fibrous web (of paper) impregnated with' the adsorbent material, the web being overlaid with a coating of the capsules.
  • the absorbent base web preferably is made of untreated paper fibers, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, although the solid adsorbent particulate materials may be mixed With the pulp before the paper sheet is formed, and thus become entangled in the paper fibers of the sheet, as shown'in Fig. 3.
  • An incorporation of adsorbent material in the pulp fibers themselves before they are made into a paper sheet is the subject matter of an application for I United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 552,237, filed by Leon Paquin, on November 29, 1955, which issued into United States Patent No. 2,902,399 on September 1, 1959, wherein an alumina-silicate material, of an adsorbent nature, is formed in the pulp suspension before the paper is made from the pulp fibers.
  • Another way of incorporating the particulate adsorbent material in paper is simply to stir it in the pulp fiber suspension before it is made into a paper sheet.
  • the preferred method is to coat the solid adsorbent particles on a sheet of paper,
  • solid particulate materials which may be used are the well-known fullers earths, such as montmorillonite, kaolin, bentonite, natural or artificial sodium aluminum silicate zeolite materials, and artificially activated forms of the aforementioned materials.
  • fullers earths such as montmorillonite, kaolin, bentonite, natural or artificial sodium aluminum silicate zeolite materials, and artificially activated forms of the aforementioned materials.
  • attapulgite is chosen as being very suitable for such purposes as it is very efiicient and is readily obtained from natural deposits.
  • the principal object of this invention is to provide a cleaning sheet of an absorbent base web fabric, so coated with adsorbent particulate material and with capsules containing soil-removing liquid, that, by rubbing it on the surface of an object to be cleaned, it is activated by rupture of the capsules and release of the liquid soil remover, to loosen and remove soil, particularly of an oily nature,
  • the cleaning sheet has the three characteristics of solvent action, adsorbent characteristics, and absorbent characteristics, which operating in a concerted relation prove most effective for the purposes stated.
  • the liquid-containing pressure-rupturable capsules of a diameter of under 10 microns, by .a process similar to that disclosed in the Green and Schleicher United States Patent No. 2,800,457, wherein a large amount of liquid is contained in only the least necessary encapsulating wall material that will keep the liquid from being dissipated during ordinary handling and storage conditions, before being required for use.
  • the capsules which now contain the liquid soil remover are now corn plete, and the water content in which they are suspended may be adjusted to provide a coating slurry of the proper viscosity, and they maybe applied to paper which has in or on it the absorbent particulate material.
  • a second method of making the capsules involves the use. of carbon tetrachloride, which is added, drop by drop, in the amount of 150 milliliters into a mixture consisting of 180 grams of a 11%, by weight, aqueous gum -arabie solution, 180 grams of a 11%, by weight, aqueous gelatin solution, 40 milliliters of a 2%, by weight, aqueous solution of polyethylenemaleic anhydride copolymer at pH 9, and 1200 milliliters of water, the whole thereafter being adjusted to pH 7, the temperature being 7 maintained at '35 degrees centigrade.
  • the materials are continuously stirred in a manner to reduce thedrop size of the carbon tetrachloride to between 50 and 400 microns, after which the pH is lowered to 5 to form an;initial capsular wall around each droplet.
  • the pH then is raised to 5.5, using a 20%, by weight, aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, and thereafter 40 milliliters of a 2%, by weight, aqueous solution of polyethylenemaleic anhydride copolymer is added with a slight rise to pH 6 noted.
  • the pH is adjusted to 5.3 and, with continued stirring, the temperature is allowed to fall to degrees centigrade.
  • a second and thicker wall of the capsular material has formed around the initial wall of each partially formed capsule.
  • the suspension of the so-rormed capsules may have the water adjusted to give the proper coating conditions desired to give the necessary thickness of the coating on the base web fabric, which coating should be a few thousandths of an inch in thickness.
  • the above two encapsulating techniques may be used to encapsulate other soil-removing liquids such as petroleum distillate (including fractions such as gasoline, kerosene, and light lubricating oil), toluene, xylene and other liinown water-soluble preferably volatile soil-removing uids.
  • soil-removing liquids such as petroleum distillate (including fractions such as gasoline, kerosene, and light lubricating oil), toluene, xylene and other liinown water-soluble preferably volatile soil-removing uids.
  • a paper coating composition including as the adsorbent particulate material, attapulgite, is set forth in the above-mentioned United States Letters Patent 2,641,557, of Barrett K. Green, in which 20%, by weight, of paper coating starch is cooked in water at 200 degrees Fahrenheit for fifteen minutes and allowed to cool to room temperature, followed by the dispersion therein of four parts, by weight, of a dispersion of 1 part, by weight, finely divided attapulgite, in three parts, by weight, of
  • the resultant mixture is applied to the selected paper at room temperature and dried, the coating preferably being of a thickness, more or less, of .001 to .005 of an inch.
  • Other binders than the starch may be used, such being well known in theclarcuating-of-paper art, ex amples being casein, polyvinyl alcohol, animal glue, and obvious equivalents.
  • the making of paper, including as the'adsorbent particulate material, zeolite is described in the-beforementioned patent relating to zeolite-coated paper. The invention is not to be deemed limited in scope by the.
  • the cleaning sheet while containing'a considerable amount of available liquid soil-removing material, feels dry to the touch, and will remain in that condition until activated by being rubbed on a surface of material to be cleaned.
  • a'cleaning sheet in cluding an absorbent fabric web provided with a profusion of minute pressure-rupturable capsules, each cap- 'sule containing aliquid soil remover, and further provided with particles of adsorbent material for adsorbing the liquid and soil removed thereby, the cleaning sheet by being rubbed against the surface of an article to be cleaned, resulting in the rupture of the capsules, thus releasing the liquid to remove the soil'from the object to be cleaned, the liquid and included soil being adsorbed on the adsorbent particles and absorbed by the fabric web.
  • the cleaning sheet of claim 1 in which the particulate material is an adsorbent of water-insoluble liquids, and in which the liquid is water insoluble.

Description

April 1961 R. E. MILLER 2,980,941
CLEANINGSHEET Filed Dec. 8, 1958 CAPSULES CONTAINING LIQUID CLEANER FIG. 2 CAPSULES CONTAINING LIQUID CLEANER Qi/FuLLERs EARTH PARTICLES 3 CAPSULES CONTAINING LIQUID CLEANER INVENTOR ROBERT E. MILLER HIS ATTORNEYS .CLEANING SHEET Robert E. Miller, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to The National Cash Register Company, Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Maryland I Filed Dec. s, 1958, Ser. No. 778,643 8 Claims. c1. 15506) This invention relates to a cleaning sheet including a base web of absorbent fabric, and the base web fabric in cluding, in or on it, solid particles of an adsorbent material such as fullers earths, interspersed with or in juxtaposition to minute pressure-rupturable capsules each containing a liquid soil remover, said liquid preferably being of an evaporable nature, but not necessarily so. The capsules are ruptured when the cleaning sheet is rubbed against an article to be cleaned, freeing the liquid soil remover, which, together with the adsorbent nature of the particles of solid material and the absorbent nature of the fabric base web renders the cleaning sheet exceptionally efiicient for its purpose, as the removed soil is thereby retained on or in the sheet either by the base web fabric or the adsorbent particles.
The fact that the liquid soil remover is contained in capsules keeps the paper in a dry state, as far as superficial contact is concerned, until used, and such containment prevents the evaporation of the liquid soil remover if such is of a volatile nature. The liquid soil remover used in the capsules is such as to enable it to remove oily marks of a surface of a material to be cleaned. The com-' bination of an absorbent base web fabric, adsorbent particulate material, and a liquid soil remover, is known and is disclosed in United States Letters Patent 995,904, which issued on the application of John R. Rentz, June 20, 1911, but in that disclosure the soil removing liquid was not encapsulated and, consequently, was free to evaporate and rendered the sheet damp to the touch. In the present invention, the cleaning sheet feels dry and can be stored indefinitely without deterioration, by evaporation, of the liquid material.
It is within the scope of the invention to have particulate adsorbent solids of different kinds mixed together in the paper, and, likewise, it is within the scope of the invention to have a mixture of capsules containing different soil-removing liquids, or to have a mixture of soil-removing liquids in the same capsules.
The invention will be described with reference to the drawing, of which:
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the form of the invention in which the adsorbent material is in a coating next to the web (of paper) which is overlaid with a coating of the liquid-containing capsules;
Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the for-tn of the invention in which the adsorbent material and the capsules are intermixed and applied as a coating to the web (of paper);
Fig. 3 shows the fibrous web (of paper) impregnated with' the adsorbent material, the web being overlaid with a coating of the capsules.
The absorbent base web preferably is made of untreated paper fibers, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, although the solid adsorbent particulate materials may be mixed With the pulp before the paper sheet is formed, and thus become entangled in the paper fibers of the sheet, as shown'in Fig. 3. An incorporation of adsorbent material in the pulp fibers themselves before they are made into a paper sheet, is the subject matter of an application for I United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 552,237, filed by Leon Paquin, on November 29, 1955, which issued into United States Patent No. 2,902,399 on September 1, 1959, wherein an alumina-silicate material, of an adsorbent nature, is formed in the pulp suspension before the paper is made from the pulp fibers. Another way of incorporating the particulate adsorbent material in paper is simply to stir it in the pulp fiber suspension before it is made into a paper sheet. The preferred method, however, is to coat the solid adsorbent particles on a sheet of paper,
' either with the liquid-containing capsules interspersed therein, as shown in Fig. 2, or coated over such particu-- late absorbent coating after it is applied to the sheet and dried, as shown in Fig. 1.
Among the solid particulate materials which may be used are the well-known fullers earths, such as montmorillonite, kaolin, bentonite, natural or artificial sodium aluminum silicate zeolite materials, and artificially activated forms of the aforementioned materials. There are a large number of such adsorbent materials which may be used, but, for the purposes of the preferred embodiment of this invention, attapulgite is chosen as being very suitable for such purposes as it is very efiicient and is readily obtained from natural deposits.
In the United States Patents 2,581,186, which issued on the application of Barrett K. Green, on January 1, 1952, and 2,641,557, which also issued on the application of Barrett K. Green on January 9, 1953, there are disclosed papers which are coated with zeolite material and with attapulgite material, respectively, and which, if they had applied thereto a coating of pressure-rupturable capsules containing a soil-removing liquid, would serve the purposes of this invention.
, The principal object of this invention is to provide a cleaning sheet of an absorbent base web fabric, so coated with adsorbent particulate material and with capsules containing soil-removing liquid, that, by rubbing it on the surface of an object to be cleaned, it is activated by rupture of the capsules and release of the liquid soil remover, to loosen and remove soil, particularly of an oily nature,
which removed soil is adsorbed and absorbed by the cleaning sheet. It will be understood, therefore, that the cleaning sheet has the three characteristics of solvent action, adsorbent characteristics, and absorbent characteristics, which operating in a concerted relation prove most effective for the purposes stated.
There are several methods known for incorporating the soil-removing liquid within the pressure-rupturable capsules, one of them being disclosed in United States Letters Patent 2,800,457, which issued on the application of Barrett K. Green and Lowell Schleicher on July 23, 1957, and another being disclosed in United States Letters Patent 2,800,458, which issued on the application of Barrett K. Green on July 23, 1957.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is proposed to make the liquid-containing pressure-rupturable capsules of a diameter of under 10 microns, by .a process similar to that disclosed in the Green and Schleicher United States Patent No. 2,800,457, wherein a large amount of liquid is contained in only the least necessary encapsulating wall material that will keep the liquid from being dissipated during ordinary handling and storage conditions, before being required for use.
In the preferred embodiment, grams of diethyl-,
7, and the temperature being kept at about 55 degrees centigrade, throughout the process, until the capsules are finally formed. To" thissolution-minture is added 60 milliliters" of a 1%, by weight, aqueous solution of polyvinylrnethylethermaleic anhydride copolymer, havingj'a pH of 9, andthe'n' adjusting the whole of theflinixture solutionto pH 9. Finally, thereis' added850 grams of water and, after thorough incorporation of theing're'die'nts, the pH is lowered to 416, by the addition" of a 10%", by weight, aqueous solntion'of acetic acid, drop by drop, with continuous stirring, which stirring is continued as the temperature then is dropped to ,14 degrees centigrade, which solidifies the walls on the formed capsules, after which there is stirred in 10 milliliters of a 25% by weight, aqueoussolution of glutaraldehyde. The capsules which now contain the liquid soil remover are now corn plete, and the water content in which they are suspended may be adjusted to provide a coating slurry of the proper viscosity, and they maybe applied to paper which has in or on it the absorbent particulate material.
A second method of making the capsules involves the use. of carbon tetrachloride, which is added, drop by drop, in the amount of 150 milliliters into a mixture consisting of 180 grams of a 11%, by weight, aqueous gum -arabie solution, 180 grams of a 11%, by weight, aqueous gelatin solution, 40 milliliters of a 2%, by weight, aqueous solution of polyethylenemaleic anhydride copolymer at pH 9, and 1200 milliliters of water, the whole thereafter being adjusted to pH 7, the temperature being 7 maintained at '35 degrees centigrade. The materials are continuously stirred in a manner to reduce thedrop size of the carbon tetrachloride to between 50 and 400 microns, after which the pH is lowered to 5 to form an;initial capsular wall around each droplet. The pH then is raised to 5.5, using a 20%, by weight, aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, and thereafter 40 milliliters of a 2%, by weight, aqueous solution of polyethylenemaleic anhydride copolymer is added with a slight rise to pH 6 noted. Immediately thereafter, the pH is adjusted to 5.3 and, with continued stirring, the temperature is allowed to fall to degrees centigrade. By this time, a second and thicker wall of the capsular material has formed around the initial wall of each partially formed capsule. Thereafter, l5 ccs. of 25%, by weight, aqueous solution of glutaraldehyde is added, and the stirring is continued for several hours to harden the then-finished capsules. The suspension of the so-rormed capsules may have the water adjusted to give the proper coating conditions desired to give the necessary thickness of the coating on the base web fabric, which coating should be a few thousandths of an inch in thickness.
The above two encapsulating techniques may be used to encapsulate other soil-removing liquids such as petroleum distillate (including fractions such as gasoline, kerosene, and light lubricating oil), toluene, xylene and other liinown water-soluble preferably volatile soil-removing uids.
A paper coating composition, including as the adsorbent particulate material, attapulgite, is set forth in the above-mentioned United States Letters Patent 2,641,557, of Barrett K. Green, in which 20%, by weight, of paper coating starch is cooked in water at 200 degrees Fahrenheit for fifteen minutes and allowed to cool to room temperature, followed by the dispersion therein of four parts, by weight, of a dispersion of 1 part, by weight, finely divided attapulgite, in three parts, by weight, of
water, to one part, by weight, of the starch solution.
The resultant mixture is applied to the selected paper at room temperature and dried, the coating preferably being of a thickness, more or less, of .001 to .005 of an inch. Other binders than the starch may be used, such being well known in theclarcuating-of-paper art, ex amples being casein, polyvinyl alcohol, animal glue, and obvious equivalents. The making of paper, including as the'adsorbent particulate material, zeolite, is described in the-beforementioned patent relating to zeolite-coated paper. The invention is not to be deemed limited in scope by the. particular soil-removing materials and coating compositions described, as the invention resides in the combination of the absorbent "base web fabric, the adsorbent-solid particulate matter, thereon or therein, and pressure-rupturable minute capsules containing soil-removing liquid positioned thereon or therein in juxtaposition. I
It will' be understood from the foregoing that the cleaning sheet, while containing'a considerable amount of available liquid soil-removing material, feels dry to the touch, and will remain in that condition until activated by being rubbed on a surface of material to be cleaned.
What is claimed is: y i
1. As an article of manufacture, a'cleaning sheet, in cluding an absorbent fabric web provided with a profusion of minute pressure-rupturable capsules, each cap- 'sule containing aliquid soil remover, and further provided with particles of adsorbent material for adsorbing the liquid and soil removed thereby, the cleaning sheet by being rubbed against the surface of an article to be cleaned, resulting in the rupture of the capsules, thus releasing the liquid to remove the soil'from the object to be cleaned, the liquid and included soil being adsorbed on the adsorbent particles and absorbed by the fabric web. 1
2. The cleaning sheet of claim'l in which theparticulate material and capsules are applied to the web as separate coatings in contact. I
- 3. The cleaning sheet of claim 1 in which the particulate material and capsules are interspersed and applied to the web as a coating.
4. The cleaning sheet of claim 1 in which the web is paper.
5. The cleaning sheet of claim 1 in which the particulate material is an adsorbent of water-insoluble liquids, and in which the liquid is water insoluble.
6. The cleaning sheet of claim 1 in which the web is paper and the particulate material and capsules are applied thereto as separate coatings in contact.
7. The cleaning sheet of claim 1 in which the web is paper and the particulate material and capsules are in' terspersed and applied to the sheet as a coating.
8. The cleaning sheet of claim 1 in which the web is paper, in which the particulate material is interspersed in the fabric thereof, and in which the capsules are applied to the paper as a coating.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 995,904 Rentz June 20, 1911 1,056,067 Sporer Mar. 18, 1913 1,143,614 Criswell June 22, 1915 2,641,557 Green June 9, 1953 2,730,457 Green et al. June 30, 1953

Claims (1)

1. AS AN ARTICLE OF MANUFACTURE, A CLEANING SHEET, INCLUDING AN ABSORBENT FABRIC WEB PROVIDED WITH A PROFUSION OF MINUTE PRESSURE-RUPTURABLE CAPSULES, EACH CAPSULE CONTAINING A LIQUID SOIL REMOVER, AND FURTHER PROVIDED WITH PARTICLES OF ADSORBENT MATERIAL FOR ADSORBING THE LIQUID AND SOIL REMOVED THEREBY, THE CLEANING SHEET BY BEING RUBBED AGAINST THE SURFACE OF AN ARTICLE TO BE
US77864358 1958-12-08 1958-12-08 Cleaning sheet Expired - Lifetime US2980941A (en)

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GB4090959A GB870241A (en) 1958-12-08 1959-12-02 Cleaning sheet
DEN17605A DE1137535B (en) 1958-12-08 1959-12-05 Cleaning sheet
FR812264A FR1252660A (en) 1958-12-08 1959-12-07 Cleaning sheet

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Cited By (45)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3116574A (en) * 1960-07-15 1964-01-07 Metal Textile Corp Disposable pot cleaner and scourer
US3155590A (en) * 1962-08-02 1964-11-03 Ncr Co Encapsulation process and its product
US3196478A (en) * 1963-05-02 1965-07-27 Armstrong Cork Co Applier
US3324500A (en) * 1964-11-24 1967-06-13 Colgate Palmolive Co Scouring pad
US3334374A (en) * 1964-12-28 1967-08-08 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Applicator pad
US3341466A (en) * 1966-10-31 1967-09-12 Brynko Carl Process for making capsules
US3435947A (en) * 1965-11-26 1969-04-01 Ncr Co Article having an expandable and rigidizable compacted flexible material
US3478409A (en) * 1966-05-16 1969-11-18 Ncr Co Method and apparatus for coating fastener holes
DE1619795A1 (en) * 1966-07-22 1970-08-27 Ncr Co Process for making small capsules
US3623659A (en) * 1969-12-29 1971-11-30 Ncr Co Articles of manufacture containing encapsulated, vaporizable core material
US3627693A (en) * 1970-01-28 1971-12-14 Ncr Co Layered capsule walls and a method for manufacturing them
US3650883A (en) * 1969-07-17 1972-03-21 Robert Sweeney Vapor control sheet material
US3679102A (en) * 1969-02-04 1972-07-25 Oreal Aerosol composition and method for producing same
US3686701A (en) * 1969-02-04 1972-08-29 Oreal Cosmetic composition containing microencapsulated solvents for nail enamel
US3714049A (en) * 1969-02-04 1973-01-30 Oreal Aerosol stain-removing composition
US3762454A (en) * 1971-11-15 1973-10-02 R Wilkins Disposable garbage container
US3886084A (en) * 1966-09-29 1975-05-27 Champion Int Corp Microencapsulation system
DE2730266A1 (en) * 1977-07-05 1979-01-25 Collo Gmbh Applicator pad esp. for domestic cleaning - contains particles of active ingredient embedded in adhesive, e.g. epoxy! resin, fixed to carrier
WO1984002262A1 (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-06-21 Creative Prod Res Ass Cosmetic applicator useful for skin moisturizing and deodorizing
US4569609A (en) * 1984-07-13 1986-02-11 Burroughs Corporation Print ribbon comprising a frictional back layer
DE3447833A1 (en) * 1984-12-29 1986-07-10 Allan Gerhard 8047 Karlsfeld Frühauf Cloth or the like with microcapsules containing an active ingredient
US4600620A (en) * 1982-08-13 1986-07-15 Lever Brothers Company Article suitable for wiping surfaces
US4764362A (en) * 1986-10-22 1988-08-16 The Cook Bates Company Nail-conditioning emery boards and process for making them
US4813976A (en) * 1986-10-22 1989-03-21 The Cook Bates Company Nail-conditioning emery boards and process for making them
US4828542A (en) * 1986-08-29 1989-05-09 Twin Rivers Engineering Foam substrate and micropackaged active ingredient particle composite dispensing materials
WO1991004731A1 (en) * 1989-09-21 1991-04-18 Micro Vesicular Systems, Inc. Liposomal cleaner
DE4000920A1 (en) * 1990-01-15 1991-07-18 Gerold Tebbe Impregnated material - has microcapsules for contg. substance supported at material surfaces
EP0365160A3 (en) * 1988-10-18 1991-11-06 Scott Paper Company Wet wipes
US5098621A (en) * 1985-01-07 1992-03-24 Twin Rivers Engineering Method of forming a foam substrate and micropackaged active ingredient particle composite
FR2672790A1 (en) * 1991-02-19 1992-08-21 Elysees Balzac Financiere CLEANING COMBINE AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE.
US5160669A (en) * 1988-03-03 1992-11-03 Micro Vesicular Systems, Inc. Method of making oil filled paucilamellar lipid vesicles
US5219538A (en) * 1987-03-13 1993-06-15 Micro-Pak, Inc. Gas and oxygen carrying lipid vesicles
US5223473A (en) * 1990-11-21 1993-06-29 Xerox Corporation Self-cleaning carbonless paper
US5346738A (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-09-13 X-Cal Corporation Identification label with micro-encapsulated etchant
US5453274A (en) * 1994-09-30 1995-09-26 Green; Olive P. Hot pepper paper
US5876266A (en) * 1997-07-15 1999-03-02 International Business Machines Corporation Polishing pad with controlled release of desired micro-encapsulated polishing agents
US6013614A (en) * 1997-08-18 2000-01-11 Mahdessian; John Comprehensive stain removal kit
FR2789881A1 (en) * 1999-02-19 2000-08-25 Catalin Neculai Obreja Cleaning material has absorbent structure and cavities lined with non-absorbent material and containing a liquid detergent, disinfectant or perfume
US6607739B1 (en) 2000-02-14 2003-08-19 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Dispensing article
US6783294B2 (en) 2000-02-14 2004-08-31 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Solid cleanser holder
US20050155627A1 (en) * 2004-01-21 2005-07-21 Johnsondiversey, Inc. Spill cleaning device with built-in squeegee
US6957924B1 (en) 2000-02-14 2005-10-25 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Textured film devices
US20110146129A1 (en) * 2008-08-15 2011-06-23 Shane Patrick Smith Firearm Barrel Cleaning Patches
US8485380B1 (en) * 2008-08-05 2013-07-16 Kenneth A. Abrams Container reclosure device having a flexible band
US8677671B2 (en) 2008-08-15 2014-03-25 Shane Patrick Smith Firearm barrel cleaning patches (CIP)

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US995904A (en) * 1910-11-25 1911-06-20 John R Rentz Cleaning-paper and process of preparing the same.
US1056067A (en) * 1912-02-26 1913-03-18 Joseph Lorenz Sporer Dustless cloth.
US1143614A (en) * 1915-04-12 1915-06-22 Daniel L Holwick Cleaning-cloth and process for producing same.
US2641557A (en) * 1948-11-18 1953-06-09 Ncr Co Paper with improved printing characteristics
US2730457A (en) * 1953-06-30 1956-01-10 Ncr Co Pressure responsive record materials

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US2800457A (en) * 1953-06-30 1957-07-23 Ncr Co Oil-containing microscopic capsules and method of making them

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US995904A (en) * 1910-11-25 1911-06-20 John R Rentz Cleaning-paper and process of preparing the same.
US1056067A (en) * 1912-02-26 1913-03-18 Joseph Lorenz Sporer Dustless cloth.
US1143614A (en) * 1915-04-12 1915-06-22 Daniel L Holwick Cleaning-cloth and process for producing same.
US2641557A (en) * 1948-11-18 1953-06-09 Ncr Co Paper with improved printing characteristics
US2730457A (en) * 1953-06-30 1956-01-10 Ncr Co Pressure responsive record materials

Cited By (53)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3116574A (en) * 1960-07-15 1964-01-07 Metal Textile Corp Disposable pot cleaner and scourer
US3155590A (en) * 1962-08-02 1964-11-03 Ncr Co Encapsulation process and its product
US3196478A (en) * 1963-05-02 1965-07-27 Armstrong Cork Co Applier
US3324500A (en) * 1964-11-24 1967-06-13 Colgate Palmolive Co Scouring pad
US3334374A (en) * 1964-12-28 1967-08-08 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Applicator pad
US3435947A (en) * 1965-11-26 1969-04-01 Ncr Co Article having an expandable and rigidizable compacted flexible material
US3478409A (en) * 1966-05-16 1969-11-18 Ncr Co Method and apparatus for coating fastener holes
US3533958A (en) * 1966-07-22 1970-10-13 Ncr Co Process for making minute capsules
DE1619795A1 (en) * 1966-07-22 1970-08-27 Ncr Co Process for making small capsules
US3886084A (en) * 1966-09-29 1975-05-27 Champion Int Corp Microencapsulation system
US3341466A (en) * 1966-10-31 1967-09-12 Brynko Carl Process for making capsules
US3729569A (en) * 1969-02-04 1973-04-24 Oreal Cosmetic composition containing microencapsulated solvents for nail enamel
US3679102A (en) * 1969-02-04 1972-07-25 Oreal Aerosol composition and method for producing same
US3686701A (en) * 1969-02-04 1972-08-29 Oreal Cosmetic composition containing microencapsulated solvents for nail enamel
US3714049A (en) * 1969-02-04 1973-01-30 Oreal Aerosol stain-removing composition
US3650883A (en) * 1969-07-17 1972-03-21 Robert Sweeney Vapor control sheet material
US3623659A (en) * 1969-12-29 1971-11-30 Ncr Co Articles of manufacture containing encapsulated, vaporizable core material
US3627693A (en) * 1970-01-28 1971-12-14 Ncr Co Layered capsule walls and a method for manufacturing them
US3762454A (en) * 1971-11-15 1973-10-02 R Wilkins Disposable garbage container
DE2730266A1 (en) * 1977-07-05 1979-01-25 Collo Gmbh Applicator pad esp. for domestic cleaning - contains particles of active ingredient embedded in adhesive, e.g. epoxy! resin, fixed to carrier
US4600620A (en) * 1982-08-13 1986-07-15 Lever Brothers Company Article suitable for wiping surfaces
WO1984002262A1 (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-06-21 Creative Prod Res Ass Cosmetic applicator useful for skin moisturizing and deodorizing
US4569609A (en) * 1984-07-13 1986-02-11 Burroughs Corporation Print ribbon comprising a frictional back layer
DE3447833A1 (en) * 1984-12-29 1986-07-10 Allan Gerhard 8047 Karlsfeld Frühauf Cloth or the like with microcapsules containing an active ingredient
US5098621A (en) * 1985-01-07 1992-03-24 Twin Rivers Engineering Method of forming a foam substrate and micropackaged active ingredient particle composite
US4828542A (en) * 1986-08-29 1989-05-09 Twin Rivers Engineering Foam substrate and micropackaged active ingredient particle composite dispensing materials
US4813976A (en) * 1986-10-22 1989-03-21 The Cook Bates Company Nail-conditioning emery boards and process for making them
US4764362A (en) * 1986-10-22 1988-08-16 The Cook Bates Company Nail-conditioning emery boards and process for making them
US5219538A (en) * 1987-03-13 1993-06-15 Micro-Pak, Inc. Gas and oxygen carrying lipid vesicles
US5019174A (en) * 1988-03-03 1991-05-28 Micro Vesicular Systems, Inc. Removing oil from surfaces with liposomal cleaner
US5160669A (en) * 1988-03-03 1992-11-03 Micro Vesicular Systems, Inc. Method of making oil filled paucilamellar lipid vesicles
EP0365160A3 (en) * 1988-10-18 1991-11-06 Scott Paper Company Wet wipes
WO1991004731A1 (en) * 1989-09-21 1991-04-18 Micro Vesicular Systems, Inc. Liposomal cleaner
DE4000920A1 (en) * 1990-01-15 1991-07-18 Gerold Tebbe Impregnated material - has microcapsules for contg. substance supported at material surfaces
DE4000920C2 (en) * 1990-01-15 1999-03-18 Deotexis Inc Cloth impregnated with active substance
US5223473A (en) * 1990-11-21 1993-06-29 Xerox Corporation Self-cleaning carbonless paper
EP0500460A1 (en) * 1991-02-19 1992-08-26 Financiere Elysees Balzac Cleaning set and fabrication processes
FR2672790A1 (en) * 1991-02-19 1992-08-21 Elysees Balzac Financiere CLEANING COMBINE AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE.
US5346738A (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-09-13 X-Cal Corporation Identification label with micro-encapsulated etchant
US5453274A (en) * 1994-09-30 1995-09-26 Green; Olive P. Hot pepper paper
US5876266A (en) * 1997-07-15 1999-03-02 International Business Machines Corporation Polishing pad with controlled release of desired micro-encapsulated polishing agents
US6013614A (en) * 1997-08-18 2000-01-11 Mahdessian; John Comprehensive stain removal kit
FR2789881A1 (en) * 1999-02-19 2000-08-25 Catalin Neculai Obreja Cleaning material has absorbent structure and cavities lined with non-absorbent material and containing a liquid detergent, disinfectant or perfume
US6607739B1 (en) 2000-02-14 2003-08-19 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Dispensing article
US20030203010A1 (en) * 2000-02-14 2003-10-30 Warren Wallo Dispensing article
US6783294B2 (en) 2000-02-14 2004-08-31 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Solid cleanser holder
US6957924B1 (en) 2000-02-14 2005-10-25 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Textured film devices
US20050155627A1 (en) * 2004-01-21 2005-07-21 Johnsondiversey, Inc. Spill cleaning device with built-in squeegee
WO2005072592A1 (en) 2004-01-21 2005-08-11 Johnsondiversey, Inc. Spill cleaning device with built-in squeegee
US8485380B1 (en) * 2008-08-05 2013-07-16 Kenneth A. Abrams Container reclosure device having a flexible band
US20110146129A1 (en) * 2008-08-15 2011-06-23 Shane Patrick Smith Firearm Barrel Cleaning Patches
US8196330B2 (en) 2008-08-15 2012-06-12 Shane Patrick Smith Firearm barrel cleaning patches
US8677671B2 (en) 2008-08-15 2014-03-25 Shane Patrick Smith Firearm barrel cleaning patches (CIP)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1252660A (en) 1961-02-03
GB870241A (en) 1961-06-14
DE1137535B (en) 1962-10-04

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