US3616463A - Shock absorbing helmet - Google Patents
Shock absorbing helmet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3616463A US3616463A US52212A US3616463DA US3616463A US 3616463 A US3616463 A US 3616463A US 52212 A US52212 A US 52212A US 3616463D A US3616463D A US 3616463DA US 3616463 A US3616463 A US 3616463A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- helmet
- energy absorbing
- shell
- layer
- impact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011359 shock absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000472 traumatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
- A42B3/062—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means
- A42B3/063—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means using layered structures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/10—Linings
- A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
- A42B3/125—Cushioning devices with a padded structure, e.g. foam
- A42B3/128—Cushioning devices with a padded structure, e.g. foam with zones of different density
Definitions
- a helmet has spaced inner and outer shells of rigid material for covering the head, an outer layer of energy absorbing material between the two shells, an inner layer of. energy absorbing material adjoining the inner surface of the inner shell.
- One of the shells and the energy absorbing layer adjoining its inner surface are subdivided into a plurality of adjoining segments, whereby an impact against the helmet will be distributed throughout the area of the shell segment and energy absorbing segment receiving the impact.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of our helmet
- FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof
- FIG. 3 is a vertical section
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section through the helmet showing the efiect of an impact
- FIG. 5 is a view, similar to the preceding figure, of a modification.
- the overall shape of the helmet is conventional and the helmet is held in place on the head by a chin strap (not shown).
- the helmet has a smooth outer shell 1 that is made from substantially rigid material, such as a reinforced plastic, which is molded into a shape that will fit over and protect a head.
- a smooth inner shell 2 (-FIG. 3) that may be made of the same material.
- a layer 3 of energy absorbing material that preferably is bonded to the outer shell by a suitable adhesive, but not to the inner shell.
- This material is energy absorbing because it is crushable.
- Such materials are well known. They include polystyrene and polyurethane foam and other porous or fibrous material that is crushable.
- a similar layer 4 of energy absorbing material adjoins the inner surface of the inner shell and preferably is bonded to it.
- a still envelope 5 that fits against the outer surface of the outer shell and the inner surface of the inner energy absorbing layer, as well as around their edges.
- This envelope is formed from a thin yieldable layer of a suitable plastic.
- the outer rigid shell 1 is subdivided into a number of adjoining unconnected segments 6 that are disposed edge to edge substantially in engagement with one another.
- the exact shape of these segments is not critical.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings illustrate one satisfactory arrangement in which all of the upper group of segments :are tapered upwardly and meet at a central point. Segments as large as one quarter of the shell area can be used. If they are too large, the benefits of the segments are lost to a large extent; while if they are too small, there will not be enough distribution of the load created by an impact on a segment.
- the energy absorbing layer 3 between the two rigid shells likewise is subdivided into adjoining segments 7 which are substantially coextensive with the segments of the outer shell. All of these segments normally are held in fixed position relative to one another by the surrounding envelope 5.
- the helmet is struck a heavy blow by an object, such as indicated by the large arrow in FIG. 4, the impact generally will be against only one of the shell segments 6. Since this segment is not attached to the surrounding portion of the shell, the segment can move bodily inward without deforming appreciably and it will exert more or less uniform pressure over the entire area of the energy absorbing segment 7 engaging it. This will crush the segment 7 more or less, whereby the shock will be absorbed. The load is thus distributed throughout this particular energy absorbing segment and thereby distributed over a larger area of the head through the inner shell and absorption layer. Also, if the crushable segment is not bonded to the inner shell, the segment is free to slide on that shell and absorb energy by friction. Of course, the helmet is designed to attenuate established impact levels. To accommodate the desired design impact level, the density and thickness. of the two energy absorbing layers can be varied.
- the outer rigid shell 10 remains uncut and it is the inner shell 11 that is subdivided into segments 12. Also, it is the innermost energy absorbing layer 13 that is likewise segmented.
- an impact can dent or bend the outer shell, crush the adjoining energy absorbing layer 14 beneath the point of impact and then force the underlying segment 12' of the inner shell toward the head, which will result in the adjoining segment 13 of energy absorbing material being crushed and absorbing the shock.
- the impact although concentrated on the outer shell, is distributed over the underlying inner shell segment that in turn spreads it over the entire attached energy absorbing segment. The force of the impact is distributed over a larger area of the head than it would be if the helmet were not made up of the segments described, and therefore is less traumatic.
- a helmet comprising an outer shell of substantially rigid material for covering the head, an inner shell of substantially rigid material spaced inwardly from the outer shell, an outer layer of energy absorbing material between the two shells, an inner layer of energy absorbing material adjoining the inner surface of the inner shell, and means holding said shells and layers together, one of said shells being subdivided into a plurality of adjoining segments disposed edge to edge, the energy absorbing layer adjoining the inner surface of the subdivided shell likewise being subdivided into adjoining segments substantially coextensive with the shell segments, whereby an impact against the helmet will be distributed throughout the area of the shell segment and energy absorbing segment receiving the impact.
- a helmet according to claim 1 in which said outer layer of energy absorbing material is secured to said outer shell and is slidable on said inner shell.
- a helmet according to claim 1 in which said outer layer of energy absorbing material is secured to both of said shells.
- a helmet according to claim 1 in which said subdivided shell and energy absorbing layer are said outer shell and outer layer.
- a helmet according to claim 1 in which it is the inner shell and the inner energy absorbing layer that are subdivided into said segments.
Abstract
A HELMET HAS SPACED INNER AND OUTER SHELLS OF RIGID MATERIAL FOR COVERING THE HEADS, AN OUTER LAYER OF ENERGY ABSORBING MATERIAL BETWEEN THE TWO SHELLS, AN INNER LAYER OF ENERGY ABSORBING MATERIAL ADJOINING THE INNER SURFACE OF THE INNER SHELL. ONE OF THE SHELLS AND THE ENERGY ABSORBING LAYER ADJOINING ITS INNER SURFACE ARE SUBDIVIDED INTO A PLURALITY OF ADJOINING SEGMENTS, WHEREBY AN IMPACT AGAINST THE HELMET WILL BE DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT THE AREA OF THE SHELL SEGMENT AND ENERGY ABSORBING SEGMENT RECEIVING THE IMPACT.
Description
Nov. 2, 1971 M THECDORE ETAL 3,616,463
SHOCK ABSORBING HELMET Filed July 6, 1970 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 //VV/V 7' 025 M/CHAEL THEODORE JAMES J. SUMMERS ATTORNEVS.
Nov. 2 1971 M. THEODORE ETAL 3,61%,463
saacx .ABSORBING HELMET Filed July'e, 1970 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 M/I/ENTORS. 41/0/45; m000e JAMES J. sum/25 clam.
ATTORA/EVS United States Patent 3,616,463 SHOCK ABSORBING HELMET Michael Theodore, Pittsburgh, and James J. Summers, Bethel Park, Pa., assignors to Mine Safety Appliances Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Filed July 6, 1970, Ser. No. 52,212 Int. Cl. A42b 3/00 US. Cl. 23 R 9 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A helmet has spaced inner and outer shells of rigid material for covering the head, an outer layer of energy absorbing material between the two shells, an inner layer of. energy absorbing material adjoining the inner surface of the inner shell. One of the shells and the energy absorbing layer adjoining its inner surface are subdivided into a plurality of adjoining segments, whereby an impact against the helmet will be distributed throughout the area of the shell segment and energy absorbing segment receiving the impact.
The failure in practice of high performance helmets provided with shock absorbing material is nearly always due to bottoming of the impactor on the head because of the concentration of the impact load, which exceeds the resistance of the shell and shock absorbing liner in the impact area. Any increase in the rigidity of the shell or in the thickness of the liner to overcome this shortcoming results in a helmet which is heavier and larger than desired.
It is among the objects of this invention to provide a helmet for attenuating the energy applied on impact against it, which resists localized dishing, which distributes the load over a much larger area than heretofore, which reduces the strain on the inner liner and which permits the use of lighter and/or thinner material, thereby reducing the weight and size of the helmet.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 is a side view of our helmet;
FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof;
FIG. 3 is a vertical section;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section through the helmet showing the efiect of an impact; and
FIG. 5 is a view, similar to the preceding figure, of a modification.
Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 of the drawings, the overall shape of the helmet is conventional and the helmet is held in place on the head by a chin strap (not shown). The helmet has a smooth outer shell 1 that is made from substantially rigid material, such as a reinforced plastic, which is molded into a shape that will fit over and protect a head. Inside this shell and spaced uniformly from it is a smooth inner shell 2 (-FIG. 3) that may be made of the same material. Between the two shells there is a layer 3 of energy absorbing material that preferably is bonded to the outer shell by a suitable adhesive, but not to the inner shell. This material is energy absorbing because it is crushable. Such materials are well known. They include polystyrene and polyurethane foam and other porous or fibrous material that is crushable. A similar layer 4 of energy absorbing material adjoins the inner surface of the inner shell and preferably is bonded to it.
When none, or less than all, of the shells and energy absorbing layers are not bonded together, they are held together and in place by a still envelope 5 that fits against the outer surface of the outer shell and the inner surface of the inner energy absorbing layer, as well as around their edges. This envelope is formed from a thin yieldable layer of a suitable plastic.
It is a feature of this invention that if this helmet receives an impact it will resist bending or dishing that would allow the impactor to bottom on the head, but instead will distribute the load more or less evenly over several square inches of the helmet. Accordingly, the outer rigid shell 1 is subdivided into a number of adjoining unconnected segments 6 that are disposed edge to edge substantially in engagement with one another. The exact shape of these segments is not critical. FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings illustrate one satisfactory arrangement in which all of the upper group of segments :are tapered upwardly and meet at a central point. Segments as large as one quarter of the shell area can be used. If they are too large, the benefits of the segments are lost to a large extent; while if they are too small, there will not be enough distribution of the load created by an impact on a segment.
The energy absorbing layer 3 between the two rigid shells likewise is subdivided into adjoining segments 7 which are substantially coextensive with the segments of the outer shell. All of these segments normally are held in fixed position relative to one another by the surrounding envelope 5.
If the helmet is struck a heavy blow by an object, such as indicated by the large arrow in FIG. 4, the impact generally will be against only one of the shell segments 6. Since this segment is not attached to the surrounding portion of the shell, the segment can move bodily inward without deforming appreciably and it will exert more or less uniform pressure over the entire area of the energy absorbing segment 7 engaging it. This will crush the segment 7 more or less, whereby the shock will be absorbed. The load is thus distributed throughout this particular energy absorbing segment and thereby distributed over a larger area of the head through the inner shell and absorption layer. Also, if the crushable segment is not bonded to the inner shell, the segment is free to slide on that shell and absorb energy by friction. Of course, the helmet is designed to attenuate established impact levels. To accommodate the desired design impact level, the density and thickness. of the two energy absorbing layers can be varied.
In the modification shown in FIG. 5, the outer rigid shell 10 remains uncut and it is the inner shell 11 that is subdivided into segments 12. Also, it is the innermost energy absorbing layer 13 that is likewise segmented. With such a helmet, an impact can dent or bend the outer shell, crush the adjoining energy absorbing layer 14 beneath the point of impact and then force the underlying segment 12' of the inner shell toward the head, which will result in the adjoining segment 13 of energy absorbing material being crushed and absorbing the shock. Here again the impact, although concentrated on the outer shell, is distributed over the underlying inner shell segment that in turn spreads it over the entire attached energy absorbing segment. The force of the impact is distributed over a larger area of the head than it would be if the helmet were not made up of the segments described, and therefore is less traumatic.
According to the provisions of the patent statutes, we have explained the principle of our invention and have illustrated and described what we now consider to represent its best embodiment. However, we desire to have it understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated and described.
We claim:
1. A helmet comprising an outer shell of substantially rigid material for covering the head, an inner shell of substantially rigid material spaced inwardly from the outer shell, an outer layer of energy absorbing material between the two shells, an inner layer of energy absorbing material adjoining the inner surface of the inner shell, and means holding said shells and layers together, one of said shells being subdivided into a plurality of adjoining segments disposed edge to edge, the energy absorbing layer adjoining the inner surface of the subdivided shell likewise being subdivided into adjoining segments substantially coextensive with the shell segments, whereby an impact against the helmet will be distributed throughout the area of the shell segment and energy absorbing segment receiving the impact.
2. A helmet according to claim 1, in which the other of said shells is unitary.
3. A helmet according to claim 1, in which said outer layer of energy absorbing material is secured to said outer shell and is slidable on said inner shell.
4. A helmet according to claim 1, in which said outer layer of energy absorbing material is secured to both of said shells.
5. A helmet according to claim 1, in which said subdivided shell and energy absorbing layer are said outer shell and outer layer.
6. A helmet according to claim 5, in which said inner shell is unitary.
7. A helmet according to claim 1, in which it is the inner shell and the inner energy absorbing layer that are subdivided into said segments.
8. A helmet according to claim 7, in which said outer shell is unitary.
9. A helmet according to claim 1, in which said holding means is a stiff envelope conforming to the outer surface of the outer shell and the inner surface of the inner layer of energy absorbing material.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,208,080 9/1965 Hirsch 23 R 3,242,500 3/1965 Derr 23 R 3,447,163 6/1969 Bothwell et a1 2-3 R 3,529,306 9/1970 Thorne 23 FOREIGN PATENTS 508,121 1/1955 Italy 23 JAMES R. BOLER, Primary Examiner
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US5221270A | 1970-07-06 | 1970-07-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3616463A true US3616463A (en) | 1971-11-02 |
Family
ID=21976137
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US52212A Expired - Lifetime US3616463A (en) | 1970-07-06 | 1970-07-06 | Shock absorbing helmet |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3616463A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2133215C3 (en) |
Cited By (54)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3818508A (en) * | 1972-12-26 | 1974-06-25 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | Protective headgear |
US3877076A (en) * | 1974-05-08 | 1975-04-15 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Safety hat energy absorbing liner |
US3882546A (en) * | 1973-01-12 | 1975-05-13 | William G Morton | Safety helmet with individualized head-contoured liner |
US3992722A (en) * | 1974-11-27 | 1976-11-23 | Jhoon Goo Rhee | Protective helmet |
US4006496A (en) * | 1975-08-13 | 1977-02-08 | Land Tool Company | Safety helmet |
US4012794A (en) * | 1975-08-13 | 1977-03-22 | Tetsuo Nomiyama | Impact-absorbing helmet |
US4015294A (en) * | 1972-11-15 | 1977-04-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Diving helmet assembly |
US4038700A (en) * | 1975-06-12 | 1977-08-02 | Gyoery Kalman | Safety helmets for motorcyclists or the like |
US4064565A (en) * | 1976-05-13 | 1977-12-27 | Griffiths William S | Helmet structure |
US4075717A (en) * | 1975-02-28 | 1978-02-28 | Lemelson Jerome H | Helmate |
WO1999049745A1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-10-07 | Niels Dahl | Protective helmet |
US6260212B1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-07-17 | Mine Safety Appliances Company | Head-protective helmet with geodesic dome |
US6317895B1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2001-11-20 | Mine Safety Appliances Company | Safety helmet assembly |
US6332226B1 (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 2001-12-25 | Rush, Iii Gus A. | Impact indicator for athletic helmets |
WO2003059102A2 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2003-07-24 | Kisiel Tecnologies, S.L. | Inner cushions for helmets |
US20040154080A1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-12 | Michael Abelman | Protective headgear |
US20060117466A1 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2006-06-08 | Michael Abelman | Chinstrap and chin cup for a protective headgear |
US20110209272A1 (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2011-09-01 | Drake Carl | Protective sports helmet with energy-absorbing padding and a facemask with force-distributing shock absorbers |
US20130212783A1 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-22 | Walter Bonin | Personal Impact Protection Device |
US20130298316A1 (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-11-14 | William J. Jacob | Energy dissipating helmet utilizing stress-induced active material activation |
US8621673B1 (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-01-07 | Antonio Pietrantonio | Concussion indicator |
US20140208486A1 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-07-31 | Wesley W.O. Krueger | Impact reduction helmet |
US20140331393A1 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-11-13 | Joe DaSilva | Wrestling headgear |
WO2014150694A3 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-01-08 | Suddaby Loubert S | Helmet with multiple protective zones |
US20150157083A1 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-11 | Bell Sports, Inc. | Multi-layer helmet and method for making the same |
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US9795178B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2017-10-24 | Loubert S. Suddaby | Helmet with multiple protective zones |
US20170367427A1 (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2017-12-28 | Peter G. MEADE | Zero impact head gear |
US9980531B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2018-05-29 | Loubert S. Suddaby | Protective helmet with energy storage mechanism |
US10165818B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2019-01-01 | Loubert S. Suddaby | Protective helmet |
USD838922S1 (en) | 2011-05-02 | 2019-01-22 | Riddell, Inc. | Football helmet |
USD844255S1 (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2019-03-26 | Riddell, Inc. | Football helmet |
US10258100B1 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2019-04-16 | Kranos Ip Corporation | Football helmet with raised plateau |
US10271605B2 (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2019-04-30 | Riddell, Inc. | Protective sports helmet |
US10271603B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2019-04-30 | Bell Sports, Inc. | Protective helmet with multiple pseudo-spherical energy management liners |
US10285466B2 (en) | 2010-07-22 | 2019-05-14 | Kranos Ip Corporation | Football helmet with shell section defined by a non-linear channel |
USD856601S1 (en) | 2011-05-02 | 2019-08-13 | Riddell, Inc. | Football helmet |
US10517347B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2019-12-31 | Loubert S. Suddaby | Helmet with multiple protective zones |
US10582737B2 (en) | 2013-02-12 | 2020-03-10 | Riddell, Inc. | Football helmet with impact attenuation system |
US10602927B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2020-03-31 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Ocular-performance-based head impact measurement using a faceguard |
US10716469B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2020-07-21 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Ocular-performance-based head impact measurement applied to rotationally-centered impact mitigation systems and methods |
US10721987B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2020-07-28 | Bell Sports, Inc. | Protective helmet |
US10874162B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2020-12-29 | Riddell, Inc. | Protective sports helmet |
US10932514B2 (en) | 2002-05-01 | 2021-03-02 | Riddell, Inc. | Protective sports helmet |
US10948898B1 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2021-03-16 | Bell Sports, Inc. | System and method for custom forming a protective helmet for a customer's head |
USD927084S1 (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2021-08-03 | Riddell, Inc. | Pad member of an internal padding assembly of a protective sports helmet |
US11167198B2 (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2021-11-09 | Riddell, Inc. | Football helmet with components additively manufactured to manage impact forces |
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US11278076B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2022-03-22 | Loubert S. Suddaby | Protective helmet with energy storage mechanism |
US11389059B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2022-07-19 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Ocular-performance-based head impact measurement using a faceguard |
US11399589B2 (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2022-08-02 | Riddell, Inc. | System and method for designing and manufacturing a protective helmet tailored to a selected group of helmet wearers |
US11490809B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2022-11-08 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Ocular parameter-based head impact measurement using a face shield |
US11504051B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2022-11-22 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Systems and methods for observing eye and head information to measure ocular parameters and determine human health status |
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GB1553936A (en) * | 1976-06-04 | 1979-10-17 | Renault | Protective helmet |
DE3222681C2 (en) * | 1982-06-16 | 1985-04-18 | Egon 4830 Gütersloh Busch | Protective helmet and method of manufacturing protective helmets |
CH657760A5 (en) * | 1984-06-18 | 1986-09-30 | Battelle Memorial Institute | IMPACT PROTECTIVE HELMET AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF. |
FR2573630B1 (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1987-02-27 | Santini Jean Jacques | SPORTS OR PROFESSIONAL PROTECTIVE HELMET |
US5713082A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1998-02-03 | A.V.E. | Sports helmet |
AU8879098A (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-03-22 | Sean Cayless | Protective wearing article, for example helmet |
CA2354161A1 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-06-15 | Catalin Obreja | Protective helmet |
FR2799103B1 (en) * | 1999-10-04 | 2003-10-03 | Catalin Obreja | PROTECTIVE HELMET SUITABLE FOR SKULL ANATOMY |
FR2786670B1 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2002-05-03 | Catalin Obreja | EXTERNAL SHELL FOR CRANIO-CEREBRAL PROTECTIVE HELMETS |
-
1970
- 1970-07-06 US US52212A patent/US3616463A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1971
- 1971-07-03 DE DE2133215A patent/DE2133215C3/en not_active Expired
Cited By (87)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4015294A (en) * | 1972-11-15 | 1977-04-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Diving helmet assembly |
US3818508A (en) * | 1972-12-26 | 1974-06-25 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | Protective headgear |
US3882546A (en) * | 1973-01-12 | 1975-05-13 | William G Morton | Safety helmet with individualized head-contoured liner |
US3877076A (en) * | 1974-05-08 | 1975-04-15 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Safety hat energy absorbing liner |
US3992722A (en) * | 1974-11-27 | 1976-11-23 | Jhoon Goo Rhee | Protective helmet |
US4075717A (en) * | 1975-02-28 | 1978-02-28 | Lemelson Jerome H | Helmate |
US4038700A (en) * | 1975-06-12 | 1977-08-02 | Gyoery Kalman | Safety helmets for motorcyclists or the like |
US4012794A (en) * | 1975-08-13 | 1977-03-22 | Tetsuo Nomiyama | Impact-absorbing helmet |
US4006496A (en) * | 1975-08-13 | 1977-02-08 | Land Tool Company | Safety helmet |
US4064565A (en) * | 1976-05-13 | 1977-12-27 | Griffiths William S | Helmet structure |
US6332226B1 (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 2001-12-25 | Rush, Iii Gus A. | Impact indicator for athletic helmets |
WO1999049745A1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-10-07 | Niels Dahl | Protective helmet |
US6317895B1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2001-11-20 | Mine Safety Appliances Company | Safety helmet assembly |
US6260212B1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-07-17 | Mine Safety Appliances Company | Head-protective helmet with geodesic dome |
US6704943B2 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2004-03-16 | Kisiel Technologies, S.L. | Inner cushions for helmets |
WO2003059102A3 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2003-10-23 | Kisiel Tecnologies S L | Inner cushions for helmets |
WO2003059102A2 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2003-07-24 | Kisiel Tecnologies, S.L. | Inner cushions for helmets |
US10932514B2 (en) | 2002-05-01 | 2021-03-02 | Riddell, Inc. | Protective sports helmet |
US20040154080A1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-12 | Michael Abelman | Protective headgear |
US6986168B2 (en) | 2003-02-05 | 2006-01-17 | Macho Products, Inc. | Protective headgear |
US20060117466A1 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2006-06-08 | Michael Abelman | Chinstrap and chin cup for a protective headgear |
US7152253B2 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2006-12-26 | Macho Products, Inc. | Chinstrap and chin cup for a protective headgear |
US10561193B2 (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2020-02-18 | Riddell, Inc. | Protective sports helmet |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2133215C3 (en) | 1974-08-15 |
DE2133215B2 (en) | 1974-01-17 |
DE2133215A1 (en) | 1972-01-13 |
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