US3729183A - Apparatus for refining molten iron and molten iron alloys - Google Patents
Apparatus for refining molten iron and molten iron alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3729183A US3729183A US00119221A US3729183DA US3729183A US 3729183 A US3729183 A US 3729183A US 00119221 A US00119221 A US 00119221A US 3729183D A US3729183D A US 3729183DA US 3729183 A US3729183 A US 3729183A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- molten iron
- stirring shaft
- supporting frame
- ladle
- iron
- Prior art date
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 46
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 10
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009975 flexible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0075—Treating in a ladle furnace, e.g. up-/reheating of molten steel within the ladle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/162—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel
- F27D2003/163—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel the fluid being an oxidant
- F27D2003/164—Oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
- F27D3/0026—Introducing additives into the melt
Definitions
- a ladle containing molten iron or molten iron alloys is located beneath a supporting frame, the supporting frame including a movable stirring shaft carrying at least one stirring rod at the lower end thereof, the stirring rod being adapted to extend only into the upper layer portion of the molten iron in the ladle.
- At least one oxygen blowing lance is connected to the supporting frame and means for supplying a predetermined quantity of reactant into the ladle is provided.
- stirring shaft is moved, relative to the frame, and,
- This invention relates to a novel method and apparatus for refining molten iron or iron alloys and more particularly to a method and apparatus for rapidly removing impurities in molten pig iron, especially phosphorus and sulphur by causing it to react with oxygen and slag.
- the invention contemplates to readily remove such impurities as phosphorus, sulphur and chromium and the like while limiting to the minimum the variation of other components, especially in the order of silicon and carbon, and that during the.
- the quantity of phosphorus, chromium, etc. decreases.
- ox- 1 ygen it is impossible to rapidly refine low phosphorus, high carbon steel.
- a slag is prepared which is suitable to remove phosphorus and chromium at low temperature and the molten iron is caused to react with such a slag it is possible to remove phosphorus, chromium and the like in preference to decarburization.
- the dephosphorization reaction generally requires supply of oxygen:
- the shaking ladle method proposed. Further, in the steel manufacturing furnace soft blow refining with a L.D. converter has been practiced by utilizing a portion of above described con-v siderations.
- the shaking ladle method involves rotor method and the like have been imparting eccentric motion to a container of the molten pig iron or the ladle itself for the purpose of increasing the speed of movement of the molten pig iron and to increase the contact surface between the slag and the molten iron. Accordingly, splash of the slag and molten pig iron becomes excessive which requires an excessively large container so that practical use of this method is limited.
- the soft blow refining process with a L.D. converter requires a refining time twice as long as the ordinary refining time.
- a substantial quantity of slag remains adhered to the furnace body there is a problem that phosphorus is again entrained in the iron during the finishing refining step.
- the apparatus of this invention comprises a mechanism for stirring the upper layer portion of the molten pig iron, a mechanism for blowing oxygen onto the surface of the molten pig iron, and a mechanism for charging a reactant into a ladle containing the molten pig iron.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of the apparatus embodying this invention, and;
- FIG. 2 shows a vertical sectional view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in which the left hand half shows a section taken along a line Ila-Ila and the right hand half shows a section taken along a line IIb-IIb in FIG. 1.
- a ladle for receiving molten pig iron and mounted on a suitable carriage is disposed substantially below the center of a treating table supporting frame 1.
- Stirring rods 3 of carbonaceous material or other suitable refractory materi- .al are arranged in the upper portion of the ladle 2.
- Stirring rods 3 are secured to a disc 5 at the lower end of a stirring shaft 4 so that when the shaft 4 is lowered, the stirring rods 3 are immersed into the upper portion of the molten pig iron kept in the ladle.
- the stirring shaft 4 is connected to a swinging frame 7 provided with three radial arms 6 and the vertical movement of shaft 4 is effected by a motor 8 connected to the swinging frame 7 through a reduction gearing.
- each arm 6 At the lower side of the free end of each arm 6 is projected a stub shaft 9.
- a shaft 11 driven through a suitable transmission mechanism by a motor mounted on the treating table supporting frame 1 is provided thereon and the stub shafts 9 and the shaft 11 are interconnected with suitable eccentricity, for example, of 150mm. 'Accordingly, as themotor 10 is energized'to drive the shaft through the transmission mechanism, the stub shaft 9 will berotated about the axis of the shaft 11 with a radiuscorresponding to said eccentricity.
- the oxygen blowing mechanism comprises water cooled lances suspended from a supporting structure 1 2 upstanding from the treating table supporting frame L -
- the water cooled lances include a first lance 13 which extends through a guide 14.
- First lance 13 is vertically moved by a suspension wire and is fixed to guide 14 by means of a handle 16.
- a second lance 13' which extendsthrough a guide 14 secured to the stirring shaft 4, is vertically moved by asuspension wire 15 and is secured to the stirring shaft 4 by means of a handle 16.
- the number of first lances 13 that are fixed to the treating table supporting frame is three whereas .the number of second lances 13 secured to swinging shaft 4 is one.
- Oxygen is supplied to the treating table supporting frame 1 through a conduit l7, and distribution pipes 18 branched from the conduit 17 are connected to lances 13 and 13' via flexi ble pipes 19 to blow oxygen onto the upper surface of the molten pig iron through the lower ends of lances l3 and 13.
- the reactant charging device includes a bucket 20 suspended from a hoist 21 movable along a beam 22 on the treating table supporting frame 1.
- the bucket 20 operated by the hoist 21 is used to supply the reactant ing a stirring mechanism, an oxygen blowing mechanism and a reactant charging mechanism wherein oxygen is blown upon the surface of the molten pig iron through lances l3 and 13' while the surface layer portion of the molten pig iron is stirred by the operation of a motor 10 and wherein the reactant is continuously charged while the molten iron is stirred and the oxygen is blown. Accordingly, since only the surface layer portion is stirred, the power required for this purpose may be relatively small particles, thus reducing the cost of installation.
- the slag forming agent may be in the form of small granules which not only increases the speed of forming the desired slag but also enables readily adjustments of slag composition and temperature. Further, it is possible to employ existing ladies without the necessity of changing the process steps. 1
- this invention provides a novel method .of refining iron and ironalloys which can readily and rapidly remove impurities therein and improves the efficiency of oxygen and reactants so that ordinary pig iron for cast iron and for steel manufacturing can be readily converted into pig iron of low phosphorus and sulphur content at very low cast.'This also enables manufacture with converters species of steel which heretobefore could be obtained only with electric furnaces. Similarly, when pig iron of low phosphorus and sulphur content or low silicon content is prepared with electric furnaces, it becomes possible to charge a large quantity of the pig iron into the electric furnace thus decreasing electric power and hence cost of the raw material. Further it is possible to increase the efficiency of steel manufacturing and the useful life of expensive refractories utilized in the furnace.
- a plurality of lances for blowing oxygen may be provided aslant to the treating table supporting frame so as to blow oxygen from the upper corner of the ladle; and the location of said lance is not limited to that herein defined i.e., in the axis of stirring shaft.
- the decrease of carbon in the molten iron is small in the present refining method because the main object of the invention lies in the refining of impurities, and not in the decarburization of major carbon content.
- Apparatus for refining molten iron or molten iron alloys comprising a supporting frame and a ladle disposed beneath said supporting frame and adapted to contain said molten iron, said supporting frame includmg:
- a movable stirring shaft carrying at least one stirring rod at the lower end thereof, said stirring rod extending only into the upper layer portion of the molten iron in said ladle during operation;
- an oxygen blowing lance connected to said supporting frame and extending through said stirring shaft to blow oxygen to the upper surface of said molten metal during movement of said shaft; and means to continuously supply a predetermined quantity of a reactant into said ladle.
Abstract
A ladle containing molten iron or molten iron alloys is located beneath a supporting frame, the supporting frame including a movable stirring shaft carrying at least one stirring rod at the lower end thereof, the stirring rod being adapted to extend only into the upper layer portion of the molten iron in the ladle. At least one oxygen blowing lance is connected to the supporting frame and means for supplying a predetermined quantity of reactant into the ladle is provided. The stirring shaft is moved relative to the frame, and preferably, in a swinging manner whereby at least a point on the stirring shaft axis moves along a substantially circular path.
Description
United S'tatesPatent [191 Ando et a1.
1 1] 3,729,183 [451 Apr. 1973 APPARATUS FOR REFINING MOLTEN IRON AND MOLTEN IRON ALLOYS 73 Assignee: Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha,
Tokyo, Japan [22] Filed: Feb. 26, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 119,221
Related us. Application new [62] Division of Ser, No. 818,283, April 22, 1969, Pat
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Ap. 22, 1969 Great Britain ..20,4l6/69 Ap. 24, 1969 Germany ..P 19 20 958.6 Ap. 24, 1969 France ..69l2993 Ap. 23, 1969 Canada i ..49,493 Ap. 24, 1969 Australia... ..540l3/69 Ap. 24, 1969 U.S.S.R. ..l324512 Ap. 24, 1969 U.S.S.R. ..208320 Ap. 23, 1969 1 Netherlands ..6906228 [52] 11.8. CI ...266/34 A, 75/45, 75/61 "[51] Int. Cl.....' ,.C2lc 7/00 [58] Field of Search ..266/34 A, 34 L, 34 LM,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,459,536 8/1969 Touzalin, ..266/34 A x 3,194,650 7/196'5 Kurzinski.. 1.75/60 X 2,677,609 5/1954 Moore ....266/34 A X 2,820,707 l/l958 Walker ....266/34 L 2,390,052 12/1945 Bemstorff..... ....266/34 A 2,817,584 12/1957 Kootz ..75/60 3,150,963 9/ 1964 Kurzinski .t ..75/60 Primary Examiner-J. Spencer Over'holser Assistant Examiner.1ohn S. Brown AttorneyFlynn & Frishauf [57] ABSTRACT A ladle containing molten iron or molten iron alloys is located beneath a supporting frame, the supporting frame including a movable stirring shaft carrying at least one stirring rod at the lower end thereof, the stirring rod being adapted to extend only into the upper layer portion of the molten iron in the ladle. At least one oxygen blowing lance is connected to the supporting frame and means for supplying a predetermined quantity of reactant into the ladle is provided. The
stirring shaft is moved, relative to the frame, and,
6 Claims, 2 Drawing Figure s Patented April 24, 1973 2 Sheets-Sheet l Patnted April 24, 1973 3,729,183
2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG.2
. APPARATUS FOR REFINING MOLTEN IRON AND MOLTEN IRON ALLOYS RELATED APPLICATION:
This application is a division of application Ser. No. 818,283, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,664,827 filed Apr. 22, 1969.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a novel method and apparatus for refining molten iron or iron alloys and more particularly to a method and apparatus for rapidly removing impurities in molten pig iron, especially phosphorus and sulphur by causing it to react with oxygen and slag. Thus, the invention contemplates to readily remove such impurities as phosphorus, sulphur and chromium and the like while limiting to the minimum the variation of other components, especially in the order of silicon and carbon, and that during the.
final stage of decarburization the quantity of phosphorus, chromium, etc., decreases. Thus, with ox- 1 ygen, it is impossible to rapidly refine low phosphorus, high carbon steel. However, where a slag is prepared which is suitable to remove phosphorus and chromium at low temperature and the molten iron is caused to react with such a slag it is possible to remove phosphorus, chromium and the like in preference to decarburization. However, as shown by the following equation, the dephosphorization reaction generally requires supply of oxygen:
For example, to reduce the quantity of phosphorus from 0.2 to 0.05 percent, 1.93Kg (1.35Nm") of oxygen per ton of molten metal pig iron is required. In order to perform rapid refining operation, it is desirable to blow oxygen in the form of pure oxygen or of air onto the surface of the molten pig iron through a lance. In this case, however, the temperature of the surface portion of the molten iron with oxygen being flown thereinto increases extremely, thus causing easy decarburization. Accordingly, in such a case, it has been known in the art to cause slag, which is advantageous for dephosphorization reaction, to contact with the molten iron over as wide area as possible and over constantly renewed surface so as to enhance the movement of the molten iron to prevent excess rise in the temperature at the surface to which oxygen is blown and to bring the supplied oxygen into dephosphorization reaction as fast as possible.
Based on these considerations, the shaking ladle method, proposed. Further, in the steel manufacturing furnace soft blow refining with a L.D. converter has been practiced by utilizing a portion of above described con-v siderations. Of these the shaking ladle method involves rotor method and the like have been imparting eccentric motion to a container of the molten pig iron or the ladle itself for the purpose of increasing the speed of movement of the molten pig iron and to increase the contact surface between the slag and the molten iron. Accordingly, splash of the slag and molten pig iron becomes excessive which requires an excessively large container so that practical use of this method is limited.
The rotor method and the like do not result in rapid and sufficient dephosphorization. Moreover, any of these methods requires additional process steps to the existing refining steps, so thatthey are difficult to practice.
The soft blow refining process with a L.D. converter requires a refining time twice as long as the ordinary refining time. In addition, even when the slag is sufficiently removed initially, since a substantial quantity of slag remains adhered to the furnace body there is a problem that phosphorus is again entrained in the iron during the finishing refining step.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a novel method and apparatus capable of removing impurities, especially phosphorus and sulfur from molten iron or iron alloys without the accompanying various difficulties described above.
According to this invention, use is made of a considerable inertia and convection of the molten pig iron existing after pouring it into a ladle and the mechanical stirring is limited to the area receiving the blown oxygen and the area near the contact surface between the slag and the molten pig iron, or to only the upper layer portion of the molten pig iron. In addition, in order to minimize the splash, means are used to create a plurality of small stirring whirls or eddies. With this invention, even when a ladle is charged to about to percent of its normal capacity, it is possible to perform a satisfactory refining operation so that the invention is readily applicable to the existing molten iron transfer step. Briefly stated, the apparatus of this invention comprises a mechanism for stirring the upper layer portion of the molten pig iron, a mechanism for blowing oxygen onto the surface of the molten pig iron, and a mechanism for charging a reactant into a ladle containing the molten pig iron.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THEDRAWING Other features and objects of this invention, the mechanism and operation thereof can be more fully understood from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the apparatus embodying this invention, and;
FIG. 2 shows a vertical sectional view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in which the left hand half shows a section taken along a line Ila-Ila and the right hand half shows a section taken along a line IIb-IIb in FIG. 1.
Referring now to the accompanying drawing, a ladle for receiving molten pig iron and mounted on a suitable carriage is disposed substantially below the center of a treating table supporting frame 1. Stirring rods 3 of carbonaceous material or other suitable refractory materi- .al are arranged in the upper portion of the ladle 2. Stirring rods 3 are secured to a disc 5 at the lower end of a stirring shaft 4 so that when the shaft 4 is lowered, the stirring rods 3 are immersed into the upper portion of the molten pig iron kept in the ladle. The stirring shaft 4 is connected to a swinging frame 7 provided with three radial arms 6 and the vertical movement of shaft 4 is effected by a motor 8 connected to the swinging frame 7 through a reduction gearing. At the lower side of the free end of each arm 6 is projected a stub shaft 9. A shaft 11 driven through a suitable transmission mechanism by a motor mounted on the treating table supporting frame 1 is provided thereon and the stub shafts 9 and the shaft 11 are interconnected with suitable eccentricity, for example, of 150mm. 'Accordingly, as themotor 10 is energized'to drive the shaft through the transmission mechanism, the stub shaft 9 will berotated about the axis of the shaft 11 with a radiuscorresponding to said eccentricity. In this manner, as the respective stub shafts 9 are rotated eccentrically about the axis 1 l, the axis of stirring shaft 4 'will be moved along a circle through arms 6 and the swinging frame 7, thus imparting a circular motion to stirring rods 3 to effect stirring of the surface of th molten pig iron.
The oxygen blowing mechanism comprises water cooled lances suspended from a supporting structure 1 2 upstanding from the treating table supporting frame L -The water cooled lances include a first lance 13 which extends through a guide 14. First lance 13 is vertically moved by a suspension wire and is fixed to guide 14 by means of a handle 16. A second lance 13' which extendsthrough a guide 14 secured to the stirring shaft 4, is vertically moved by asuspension wire 15 and is secured to the stirring shaft 4 by means of a handle 16. In this example, the number of first lances 13 that are fixed to the treating table supporting frame is three whereas .the number of second lances 13 secured to swinging shaft 4 is one. Oxygen is supplied to the treating table supporting frame 1 through a conduit l7, and distribution pipes 18 branched from the conduit 17 are connected to lances 13 and 13' via flexi ble pipes 19 to blow oxygen onto the upper surface of the molten pig iron through the lower ends of lances l3 and 13.
The reactant charging device includes a bucket 20 suspended from a hoist 21 movable along a beam 22 on the treating table supporting frame 1. The bucket 20 operated by the hoist 21 is used to supply the reactant ing a stirring mechanism, an oxygen blowing mechanism and a reactant charging mechanism wherein oxygen is blown upon the surface of the molten pig iron through lances l3 and 13' while the surface layer portion of the molten pig iron is stirred by the operation of a motor 10 and wherein the reactant is continuously charged while the molten iron is stirred and the oxygen is blown. Accordingly, since only the surface layer portion is stirred, the power required for this purpose may be relatively small particles, thus reducing the cost of installation. in addition, it is possible to blow a largequantity of oxygen at high efficiencies. As the pressure of blowing oxygen is low, the slag forming agent may be in the form of small granules which not only increases the speed of forming the desired slag but also enables readily adjustments of slag composition and temperature. Further, it is possible to employ existing ladies without the necessity of changing the process steps. 1
Thus, this invention provides a novel method .of refining iron and ironalloys which can readily and rapidly remove impurities therein and improves the efficiency of oxygen and reactants so that ordinary pig iron for cast iron and for steel manufacturing can be readily converted into pig iron of low phosphorus and sulphur content at very low cast.'This also enables manufacture with converters species of steel which heretobefore could be obtained only with electric furnaces. Similarly, when pig iron of low phosphorus and sulphur content or low silicon content is prepared with electric furnaces, it becomes possible to charge a large quantity of the pig iron into the electric furnace thus decreasing electric power and hence cost of the raw material. Further it is possible to increase the efficiency of steel manufacturing and the useful life of expensive refractories utilized in the furnace.
While the invention has been shownand described in terms of its preferred embodiment, it will be clearto those skilled in the art that many alterations and modifications may be made. within the true spirit and scope of the invention. For'example, it is possible to refine iron by the method of the present invention either simultaneously with or after desulphurization of pig iron. A plurality of lances for blowing oxygen may be provided aslant to the treating table supporting frame so as to blow oxygen from the upper corner of the ladle; and the location of said lance is not limited to that herein defined i.e., in the axis of stirring shaft.
The decrease of carbon in the molten iron is small in the present refining method because the main object of the invention lies in the refining of impurities, and not in the decarburization of major carbon content.
We claim:
1. Apparatus for refining molten iron or molten iron alloys comprising a supporting frame and a ladle disposed beneath said supporting frame and adapted to contain said molten iron, said supporting frame includmg:
a movable stirring shaft carrying at least one stirring rod at the lower end thereof, said stirring rod extending only into the upper layer portion of the molten iron in said ladle during operation;
means to impart movementto said stirring shaft;
an oxygen blowing lance connected to said supporting frame and extending through said stirring shaft to blow oxygen to the upper surface of said molten metal during movement of said shaft; and means to continuously supply a predetermined quantity of a reactant into said ladle. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said stirring shaft is movable in the vertical direction.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said stirring shaft is movable relative to said frame.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said movementmeans imparts a swinging movement to said stirring shaft relative to said supporting frame.
Claims (5)
- 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said stirring shaft is movable in the vertical direction.
- 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said stirring shaft is movable relative to said frame.
- 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said movement means imparts a swinging movement to said stirring shaft relative to said supporting frame.
- 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said movement means moves said stirring shaft such that at least a point on the longitudinal axis of said stirring shaft moves along a substantially circular path.
- 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said supporting frame further comprises eccentric driving means coupled to said stirring shaft to cause said stirring shaft axis point to move along said substantially circular path.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11922171A | 1971-02-26 | 1971-02-26 |
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US3729183A true US3729183A (en) | 1973-04-24 |
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US00119221A Expired - Lifetime US3729183A (en) | 1971-02-26 | 1971-02-26 | Apparatus for refining molten iron and molten iron alloys |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6010658A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-01-04 | Esm Iii | Apparatus for desulfurization of iron utilizing two spaced apart lances |
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US2677609A (en) * | 1950-08-15 | 1954-05-04 | Meehanite Metal Corp | Method and apparatus for metallurgical alloy additions |
US2817584A (en) * | 1954-05-25 | 1957-12-24 | August Thyssen Hutte Ag And Do | Method for refining pig iron |
US2820707A (en) * | 1954-06-07 | 1958-01-21 | Henry J Kaiser Company | Converter |
US3150963A (en) * | 1959-04-07 | 1964-09-29 | Air Prod & Chem | Open hearth furnaces and methods of operating the same |
US3194650A (en) * | 1961-04-05 | 1965-07-13 | Air Prod & Chem | Metallurgical melting and refining process |
US3459536A (en) * | 1964-11-06 | 1969-08-05 | Interlake Steel Corp | Method for mixing molten metal |
-
1971
- 1971-02-26 US US00119221A patent/US3729183A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US2390052A (en) * | 1940-01-02 | 1945-12-04 | Bernstorff Hans | Device for stirring melts |
US2677609A (en) * | 1950-08-15 | 1954-05-04 | Meehanite Metal Corp | Method and apparatus for metallurgical alloy additions |
US2817584A (en) * | 1954-05-25 | 1957-12-24 | August Thyssen Hutte Ag And Do | Method for refining pig iron |
US2820707A (en) * | 1954-06-07 | 1958-01-21 | Henry J Kaiser Company | Converter |
US3150963A (en) * | 1959-04-07 | 1964-09-29 | Air Prod & Chem | Open hearth furnaces and methods of operating the same |
US3194650A (en) * | 1961-04-05 | 1965-07-13 | Air Prod & Chem | Metallurgical melting and refining process |
US3459536A (en) * | 1964-11-06 | 1969-08-05 | Interlake Steel Corp | Method for mixing molten metal |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6010658A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-01-04 | Esm Iii | Apparatus for desulfurization of iron utilizing two spaced apart lances |
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