US4425717A - Vehicle magnetic sensor - Google Patents
Vehicle magnetic sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4425717A US4425717A US06/391,550 US39155082A US4425717A US 4425717 A US4425717 A US 4425717A US 39155082 A US39155082 A US 39155082A US 4425717 A US4425717 A US 4425717A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- sensor
- flux
- rearview mirror
- assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C17/00—Compasses; Devices for ascertaining true or magnetic north for navigation or surveying purposes
- G01C17/02—Magnetic compasses
- G01C17/28—Electromagnetic compasses
- G01C17/30—Earth-inductor compasses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to magnetic sensors and, particularly, to a flux-gate magnetic sensor for use in a vehicle.
- Compasses for vehicles such as automobiles typically, are after-market items of a relatively basic mechanical design. Such compasses, typically, attach to the dashboard of the vehicle and are of inexpensive construction including a compass card suspended by a pin bearing and mounted within a housing. Usually, they will include some elemental form of adjustment or compensation mechanism such as movable magents for adjusting the compass to north and south, depending on the geographical area of use of the vehicle.
- the dashboard area is a poor location for magnetic sensors including a flux-gate sensor.
- a sensor such as a flux-gate sensor in the upper center windshield area of a vehicle provides an unexpectedly stable and reproducible environment for a magnetic sensor.
- the present invention incorporates a flux-gate sensor mounted in association with the rearview mirror mounting system where the rearview mirror is mounted to the vehicle windshield.
- the flux-gate sensor is mounted in the mounting bracket for the rearview mirror. This location isolates the sensor to some extent from the metallic mass of the vehicle as well as the dashboard, typically housing the vehicle's wiring.
- FIG. 1 is a fragmentary, top plan view of a rearview mirror for a vehicle shown partly broken away and incorporating a flux-gate type magnetic sensor;
- FIG. 2 is an electrical circuit diagram partly in block and schematic form showing a system embodying the present invention.
- a flux-gate type magnetic sensor 10 is mounted within the mounting bracket 20 forming a portion of the mounting assembly for a rearview mirror 12 of a vehicle.
- the rearview mirror 12 including its housing 13 can be of conventional construction and is coupled to the mounting bracket 20 by means of a split sleeve 18 receiving a front ball 14 coupled to housing 13 by means of a stem 15.
- Bracket 20 includes a ball 16 which is held by sleeve 18 and secured in an adjustable fashion thereto by a screw 18'.
- Sleeve 18 can be of conventional construction in terms of the sockets for receiving fore and aft balls 14 and 16.
- Bracket 20 is typically secured to the windshield of a vehicle by means of an adhesive or in some cases by removeably being secured to a corresponding mating bracket adhered to the windshield or by connection to the vehicle headliner, in some instances.
- the diameter of the cylindrical body of bracket 20 is slightly enlarged to receive the flux-gate sensor 10 which includes a toroidal core 11 having a generally rectangular cross section.
- the flux-gate sensor includes an excitation winding 13 helically wound around core 11 and orthogonally aligned first and second sensing windings 21 and 23, respectively, poled as shown by the dots in FIG. 2 and wound in orthogonal relationship to one another about the outside of the toroid as shown in FIG. 1 to provide orthogonally phased output signals of varying magnitude depending upon the sensed external or earth's magnetic field.
- Sensor 10 is secured within the non-ferro-magnetic barrel of bracket 20 by a suitable bonding or potting material 19 to be generally horizontally aligned.
- bracket 20 made preferably of a non-ferro-magnetic material such as aluminum or a polycarbonite, when the mirror assembly 12 is positioned on the upper center of the windshield area isolates sensor 10 from the major portion of the vehicle's electrical wiring which is located under the dashboard area as well as raises the sensor from the body of the vehicle to some extent thereby providing a relatively stable background magnetic environment for the sensor.
- a non-ferro-magnetic material such as aluminum or a polycarbonite
- the compass system includes an oscillator 25 which in the preferred embodiment is an R-C oscillator having an output frequency of approximately 80 kHz at output terminal 26 thereof.
- the output signal from oscillator 25 is applied to a counter circuit 30 providing 400 Hz at output terminal 31 which is applied to a driver amplifier 32 which subsequently applies the 400 Hz signals to excitation winding 13 of sensor 10 by means of conductors 33 and 35.
- Counter 30 also provides an 800 Hz signal at output terminal 36 which is applied to phase detector circuits 50 and 52.
- the output terminal 26 of oscillator 25 is also coupled to clock input terminals of digital bandpass filters 40 and 42. Filters 40 and 42 also include signal input terminals 45 and 47, respectively coupled to one end of sensing coils 21 and 23, as shown in FIG.
- bandpass filters 40 and 42 are coupled to the input terminals of phase detectors 50 and 52 such that selected harmonic frequency signals, as described in greater detail below, are applied to each of the phase detectors which are actuated by an enabling signal from counter 30 via an enabling line 37 to apply positive and negative half-cycle sinusoidal signals received from sensing coils 21 and 23 through bandpass filters 40 and 42 to integrating and inverting amplifier circuits 62 and 64.
- the closed loop gain of the system is controlled through a feedback path including conductors 61 and 63 extending between integrating amplifier 64 and bandpass filter 40 and integrator 62 and bandpass filter 42, respectively.
- DC varying signals e 1 and e 2 represent the direction information from sensing coils 21 and 23.
- the amplitude and polarity of e 1 and e 2 varies with vehicle direction with respect to the earth's magnetic field.
- These DC varying signals are applied to a suitable interface circuit 70, including for example, suitable amplifiers and an AD converter for converting the DC signal information to digital signals.
- the microprocessor 80 includes associated RAM and ROM memories with the ROM programmed to mathematically derive an output control signal in the form of the arc tangent of the ratio e 1 /e 2 to provide a digital output control signal applied to a display driver circuit 90 for alpha display 100 such that octant direction information can be displayed to the vehicle operator.
- the processing of signals e 1 and e 2 from integrator circuits 62 and 64 by a conventional microprocessor and program to provide the tan -1 e 1 /e 2 in a digital format for octant display of a vehicle direction is entirely conventional.
- a more detailed description of the preferred electrical circuit for providing the direction signal information from the flux-gate sensor is presented in a copending patent application entitled ELECTRICAL COMPASS, Ser. No. 353,896 filed on Mar. 2, 1982 and assigned to the present assignee.
- the flux-gate sensor 10 operates by the earth's or other external magnetic field off-setting the hysteresis curve for second harmonic frequency signals depending on the orientation of the flux-gate sensor with respect to the earth's magnetic field.
- the amplitude of the second harmonic (i.e. 800 Hz) signals from detection coils 21 and 23 which are orthogonally related.
- the 800 Hz signals from counter 30 are applied to input terminals of the phase detectors.
- phase detectors 50 and 52 are first filtered by bandpass filters 40 and 42 to substantially eliminate (40 db suppression) all but the second order harmonic frequencies. This is achieved by applying the signals from coils 21 and 23 to the signal input terminals of bandpass filters 40 and 42, respectively.
- Circuits 40 and 42 are each 1/2 of a commercially available National Semiconductor integrated circuit chip, model number MF-10, which is a switched capacitor sampled data filter driven by the 80 kHz clock oscillator 25 to provide an amplifier gain of approximately 1000 and having a Q of 50 to substantially eliminate all but the second harmonic frequency information coupled to the input terminals of phase detectors 50 and 52.
- phase detectors are synchronized in phase with this second harmonic information by the 800 Hz signal applied to their clock input terminals from counter 30 such that signals are applied to the output terminals of detectors 50 and 52 only during a precise and predetermined phase relationship to the fundamental driving frequency of 400 Hz applied to driver amplifier 32.
- the 800 Hz signals applied to synchronize phase detectors 50 and 52 are off-set approximately 90° from the fundamental driving frequency such that the transition from logic zero to logic one and back occur during the enable portion of the signals applied to detectors 50 and 52 at the second harmonic frequency.
- phase detectors as well as the driver amplifier are locked to the clock oscillator 25 through the counter circuit, this precise and predetermined phase relationship can be selected and maintained to provide a maximum amplitude output signal from the phase detectors for a given output signal from sensing coils 21 and 23 without the necessity of tuning.
- the output signals of detectors 50 and 52 are applied to opposite polarity inputs of integrating circuits 64 and 62 to provide output signals e 1 and e 2 at output terminals 65 and 66.
- Signals e 1 and e 2 indicate the direction of orientation of the flux-gate sensor with respect to earth's magnetic field, and therefore, that of the vehicle in which the sensor is mounted.
- signals e 1 and e 2 corresponding to the orthogonal coordinates of direction and each of which can have a positive or negative polarity relative to floating ground, all the information necessary for the vehicle heading is available in these two signals.
- these analog signals are converted into a digital format and applied to a microprocessor for providing digital information to a display 100, as shown in FIG. 2.
- the display 100 may be digital, as shown, or an analog type.
- the microprocessor can provide information other than the alpha information corresponding to the octant headings (N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW) and, for example, can display degree heading or other magnetic field information.
Abstract
Description
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/391,550 US4425717A (en) | 1982-06-24 | 1982-06-24 | Vehicle magnetic sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/391,550 US4425717A (en) | 1982-06-24 | 1982-06-24 | Vehicle magnetic sensor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US4425717A true US4425717A (en) | 1984-01-17 |
Family
ID=23547050
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/391,550 Expired - Lifetime US4425717A (en) | 1982-06-24 | 1982-06-24 | Vehicle magnetic sensor |
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Cited By (82)
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US4505054A (en) * | 1983-05-25 | 1985-03-19 | Prince Corporation | Magnetic sensor mounting system |
US4622843A (en) * | 1985-12-27 | 1986-11-18 | Hormel Ronald F | Simplified calibration technique and auto ranging circuit for an electronic compass control circuit |
US4750349A (en) * | 1985-12-27 | 1988-06-14 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Microcomputer controlled quick ranging technique and digital filter |
US4807462A (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1989-02-28 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Method for performing automatic calibrations in an electronic compass |
US5223814A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1993-06-29 | Prince Corporation | Sensor for vehicle accessories |
US5253424A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1993-10-19 | Chrysler Corporation | Flux-gate sensor mounting and method |
US5297063A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-03-22 | Chrysler Corporation | Method for selecting calibration data for an auto-calibrating compass |
US5297065A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-03-22 | Chrysler Corporation | Magnetic transient detection and calibration technique for an auto-calibrating compass |
US5323336A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-06-21 | Chrysler Corporation | Noise removal method for an electronic compass |
US5333110A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-07-26 | Chrysler Corporation | Electronic magnetic compass system and method for interpreting directions of a vehicle |
US5339529A (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1994-08-23 | Prince Corporation | Magnetic sensor mount |
US5351204A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-09-27 | Chrysler Corporation | Scaling system and method for an electronic compass |
US5353241A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-10-04 | Al Attar Rafi A | Shifting system and method for an electronic compass system |
US5373857A (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1994-12-20 | Forte Technologies, Inc. | Head tracking apparatus |
WO1995023079A1 (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-08-31 | Ultra-View Technology, Inc. | Automatic side view mirror tracking system |
US5511319A (en) * | 1994-08-29 | 1996-04-30 | Prince Corporation | Vehicle compass correction circuit |
US5526022A (en) * | 1993-01-06 | 1996-06-11 | Virtual I/O, Inc. | Sourceless orientation sensor |
US5583485A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1996-12-10 | Prince Corporation | Trainable transmitter and receiver |
US5614885A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1997-03-25 | Prince Corporation | Electrical control system for vehicle options |
US5737226A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1998-04-07 | Prince Corporation | Vehicle compass system with automatic calibration |
US5761094A (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 1998-06-02 | Prince Corporation | Vehicle compass system |
US5828984A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1998-10-27 | Chrysler Corporation | Data processing method for an electronic compass system |
US5878370A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1999-03-02 | Prince Corporation | Vehicle compass system with variable resolution |
US6170956B1 (en) | 1998-10-14 | 2001-01-09 | Gentex Corporation | Rearview mirror with display |
US6301794B1 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2001-10-16 | Johnson Controls, Inc. | Vehicle compass system with continuous automatic calibration |
EP1163651A1 (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2001-12-19 | Gentex Corporation | Rearview mirror assembly with internally mounted compass sensor |
US6483438B2 (en) | 1998-02-18 | 2002-11-19 | Donnelly Corporation | Rearview mirror assembly incorporating electrical accessories |
US20030112121A1 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-06-19 | Lear Corporation | Universal garage door operating system and method |
US6642851B2 (en) | 1998-02-18 | 2003-11-04 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system incorporating a directional information display |
US20040228136A1 (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 2004-11-18 | Donnelly Corporation, A Corporation Of The State Of Michigan | Lighting system for vehicles |
US20040236510A1 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2004-11-25 | Ockerse Harold C. | Electronic compass system |
US20040254727A1 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2004-12-16 | Ockerse Harold C. | Electronic compass system |
US20050024229A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-03 | Lear Corporation | Programmable appliance remote control |
US20050024185A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-03 | Lear Corporation | Remote control automatic appliance activation |
US20050026605A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-03 | Lear Corporation | Universal vehicle based garage door opener control system and method |
US20050026601A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-03 | Lear Corporation | User-assisted programmable appliance control |
US20050024254A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-03 | Lear Corporation | Radio relay appliance activation |
US20050024255A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-03 | Lear Corporation | Bus-based appliance remote control |
US20050026604A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-03 | Christenson Keith A. | Programmable interoperable appliance remote control |
US20050024184A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-03 | Lear Corporation | Wireless appliance activation transceiver |
US20050172504A1 (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2005-08-11 | Ohm Patrick L. | Digital display compass for mounting on vehicle rear view mirror |
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US20050218891A1 (en) * | 2004-04-01 | 2005-10-06 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Digital signal conditioning solution for a magnetometer circuit |
US20060026850A1 (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2006-02-09 | Yazaki North America, Inc. | Compass system for a motor vehicle |
US20060050018A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2006-03-09 | Hutzel Barry W | Accessory system for vehicle |
US7079017B2 (en) | 2001-04-23 | 2006-07-18 | Lang-Mekra North America, Llc | Warning device in motor vehicles |
US7084781B2 (en) | 2003-07-30 | 2006-08-01 | Lear Corporation | Programmable vehicle-based appliance remote control |
US7116242B2 (en) | 2002-11-27 | 2006-10-03 | Lear Corporation | Programmable transmitter and receiver including digital radio frequency memory |
US20070236328A1 (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-11 | Lear Corporation | All trinary rolling code generation method and system |
US20080169899A1 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-17 | Lear Corporation | Voice programmable and voice activated vehicle-based appliance remote control |
US20090316422A1 (en) * | 2001-01-23 | 2009-12-24 | Donnelly Corporation | Display device for exterior rearview mirror |
US20100046059A1 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2010-02-25 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system for a vehicle |
US20100085645A1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2010-04-08 | Donnelly Corporation | Information display system for vehicle |
US20100091509A1 (en) * | 1997-08-25 | 2010-04-15 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system for a vehicle |
US20100097469A1 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-22 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Interior mirror assembly with display |
US20100172008A1 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2010-07-08 | Donnelly Corporation | Reflective mirror assembly |
US20100202075A1 (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2010-08-12 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system |
US20100207013A1 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2010-08-19 | Donnelly Corporation | Vehicle rearview mirror system |
US7826123B2 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2010-11-02 | Donnelly Corporation | Vehicular interior electrochromic rearview mirror assembly |
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US7888629B2 (en) | 1998-01-07 | 2011-02-15 | Donnelly Corporation | Vehicular accessory mounting system with a forwardly-viewing camera |
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US8506752B2 (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2013-08-13 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Techniques for mounting brackets to glass substrates for automotive applications |
US8508383B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2013-08-13 | Magna Mirrors of America, Inc | Interior rearview mirror system |
US8511841B2 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2013-08-20 | Donnelly Corporation | Vehicular blind spot indicator mirror |
US8610992B2 (en) | 1997-08-25 | 2013-12-17 | Donnelly Corporation | Variable transmission window |
US8653959B2 (en) | 2001-01-23 | 2014-02-18 | Donnelly Corporation | Video mirror system for a vehicle |
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US9019091B2 (en) | 1999-11-24 | 2015-04-28 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system |
US20170075036A1 (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2017-03-16 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Weather condition information based on magnetometers |
-
1982
- 1982-06-24 US US06/391,550 patent/US4425717A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (250)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4505054A (en) * | 1983-05-25 | 1985-03-19 | Prince Corporation | Magnetic sensor mounting system |
US4622843A (en) * | 1985-12-27 | 1986-11-18 | Hormel Ronald F | Simplified calibration technique and auto ranging circuit for an electronic compass control circuit |
US4720992A (en) * | 1985-12-27 | 1988-01-26 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Calibration sequence and method for an electronic compass |
US4750349A (en) * | 1985-12-27 | 1988-06-14 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Microcomputer controlled quick ranging technique and digital filter |
US4807462A (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1989-02-28 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Method for performing automatic calibrations in an electronic compass |
US5223814A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1993-06-29 | Prince Corporation | Sensor for vehicle accessories |
US5583485A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1996-12-10 | Prince Corporation | Trainable transmitter and receiver |
US5661455A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1997-08-26 | Prince Corporation | Electrical control system for vehicle options |
US5614885A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1997-03-25 | Prince Corporation | Electrical control system for vehicle options |
US5691848A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1997-11-25 | Prince Corporation | Electrical control system for vehicle options |
US5699044A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1997-12-16 | Prince Corporation | Electrical control system for vehicle options |
US5297065A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-03-22 | Chrysler Corporation | Magnetic transient detection and calibration technique for an auto-calibrating compass |
US5351204A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-09-27 | Chrysler Corporation | Scaling system and method for an electronic compass |
US5353241A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-10-04 | Al Attar Rafi A | Shifting system and method for an electronic compass system |
US5828984A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1998-10-27 | Chrysler Corporation | Data processing method for an electronic compass system |
US5333110A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-07-26 | Chrysler Corporation | Electronic magnetic compass system and method for interpreting directions of a vehicle |
US5323336A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-06-21 | Chrysler Corporation | Noise removal method for an electronic compass |
US5297063A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-03-22 | Chrysler Corporation | Method for selecting calibration data for an auto-calibrating compass |
US5253424A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1993-10-19 | Chrysler Corporation | Flux-gate sensor mounting and method |
US5339529A (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1994-08-23 | Prince Corporation | Magnetic sensor mount |
US5526022A (en) * | 1993-01-06 | 1996-06-11 | Virtual I/O, Inc. | Sourceless orientation sensor |
US5373857A (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1994-12-20 | Forte Technologies, Inc. | Head tracking apparatus |
WO1995023079A1 (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-08-31 | Ultra-View Technology, Inc. | Automatic side view mirror tracking system |
US5719713A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1998-02-17 | Ultra-View Technology, Inc. | Automatic side view mirror tracking system |
US8164817B2 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2012-04-24 | Donnelly Corporation | Method of forming a mirrored bent cut glass shape for vehicular exterior rearview mirror assembly |
US8511841B2 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2013-08-20 | Donnelly Corporation | Vehicular blind spot indicator mirror |
US5511319A (en) * | 1994-08-29 | 1996-04-30 | Prince Corporation | Vehicle compass correction circuit |
US6848817B2 (en) | 1994-12-30 | 2005-02-01 | Brent J. Bos | Interior mirror assembly for a vehicle incorporating a solid-state light source |
US20040228136A1 (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 2004-11-18 | Donnelly Corporation, A Corporation Of The State Of Michigan | Lighting system for vehicles |
US8559093B2 (en) | 1995-04-27 | 2013-10-15 | Donnelly Corporation | Electrochromic mirror reflective element for vehicular rearview mirror assembly |
US8462204B2 (en) | 1995-05-22 | 2013-06-11 | Donnelly Corporation | Vehicular vision system |
US5737226A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1998-04-07 | Prince Corporation | Vehicle compass system with automatic calibration |
US5878370A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1999-03-02 | Prince Corporation | Vehicle compass system with variable resolution |
US5761094A (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 1998-06-02 | Prince Corporation | Vehicle compass system |
US8309907B2 (en) | 1997-08-25 | 2012-11-13 | Donnelly Corporation | Accessory system suitable for use in a vehicle and accommodating a rain sensor |
US8267559B2 (en) | 1997-08-25 | 2012-09-18 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror assembly for a vehicle |
US7914188B2 (en) | 1997-08-25 | 2011-03-29 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system for a vehicle |
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US7898398B2 (en) | 1997-08-25 | 2011-03-01 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior mirror system |
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US8100568B2 (en) | 1997-08-25 | 2012-01-24 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system for a vehicle |
US20100091509A1 (en) * | 1997-08-25 | 2010-04-15 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system for a vehicle |
US8610992B2 (en) | 1997-08-25 | 2013-12-17 | Donnelly Corporation | Variable transmission window |
US7916009B2 (en) | 1998-01-07 | 2011-03-29 | Donnelly Corporation | Accessory mounting system suitable for use in a vehicle |
US7994471B2 (en) | 1998-01-07 | 2011-08-09 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system with forwardly-viewing camera |
US8094002B2 (en) | 1998-01-07 | 2012-01-10 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system |
US7888629B2 (en) | 1998-01-07 | 2011-02-15 | Donnelly Corporation | Vehicular accessory mounting system with a forwardly-viewing camera |
US8325028B2 (en) | 1998-01-07 | 2012-12-04 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system |
US8288711B2 (en) | 1998-01-07 | 2012-10-16 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior rearview mirror system with forwardly-viewing camera and a control |
US8134117B2 (en) | 1998-01-07 | 2012-03-13 | Donnelly Corporation | Vehicular having a camera, a rain sensor and a single-ball interior electrochromic mirror assembly attached at an attachment element |
US7468651B2 (en) | 1998-02-18 | 2008-12-23 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior mirror system |
US6483438B2 (en) | 1998-02-18 | 2002-11-19 | Donnelly Corporation | Rearview mirror assembly incorporating electrical accessories |
US20090128310A1 (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 2009-05-21 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior mirror system |
US20060176165A1 (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 2006-08-10 | Donnelly Corporation, A Corporation Of The State Of Michigan | Interior mirror system |
US6774810B2 (en) | 1998-02-18 | 2004-08-10 | Donnelly Corporation | Rearview mirror assembly incorporating supplemental inflatable restraint system status information display |
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