US6324294B1 - Passenger vehicles incorporating loudspeakers comprising panel-form acoustic radiating elements - Google Patents
Passenger vehicles incorporating loudspeakers comprising panel-form acoustic radiating elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US6324294B1 US6324294B1 US09/398,057 US39805799A US6324294B1 US 6324294 B1 US6324294 B1 US 6324294B1 US 39805799 A US39805799 A US 39805799A US 6324294 B1 US6324294 B1 US 6324294B1
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- vehicle
- headlining
- lining member
- acoustic
- component according
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
- B60R11/0217—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof for loud-speakers
- B60R11/0223—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof for loud-speakers of flat type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
- B60R11/0217—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof for loud-speakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/24—Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
- H04R5/02—Spatial or constructional arrangements of loudspeakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/045—Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
- B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
- B60R2011/0019—Side or rear panels
- B60R2011/0021—Doors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
- B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
- B60R2011/0028—Ceiling, e.g. roof rails
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
- B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
- B60R2011/0035—Sun visors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0042—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by mounting means
- B60R2011/0043—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by mounting means for integrated articles, i.e. not substantially protruding from the surrounding parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/15—Transducers incorporated in visual displaying devices, e.g. televisions, computer displays, laptops
Definitions
- the invention relates to passenger vehicles and more particularly to passenger vehicles incorporating loudspeakers comprising panel-form acoustic radiating elements.
- Embodiments of the present invention use members of nature, structure and configuration achievable generally and/or specifically by implementing teachings of our parent application Ser. No. 08/707,012.
- Such members thus have capability to sustain and propagate input vibrational energy by bending waves in operative area(s) extending transversely of thickness often but not necessarily to edges of the member(s); are configured with or without anisotropy of bending stiffness to have resonant mode vibration components distributed over said area(s) beneficially for acoustic coupling with ambient air; and have predetermined preferential locations or sites within said area for exciter means, particularly operationally active or moving part(s) thereof effective in relation to acoustic vibrational activity in said area(s) and signals, usually electrical, corresponding to acoustic content of such vibrational activity.
- This invention is particularly concerned with acoustic devices in the form of resonant acoustic radiator loudspeakers for use in passenger vehicles such as automobiles, aircraft, boats, railway trains etc, and to vehicles incorporating such loudspeakers.
- the invention is a vehicle having a passenger compartment characterised by a loudspeaker in the passenger compartment comprising a distributed mode acoustic radiator and an exciter mounted on the radiator to vibrate the radiator to cause it to resonate.
- the radiator may be integral with a passenger seat in the vehicle or with a door into the passenger compartment.
- the radiator may be integral with the interior of the passenger compartment, e.g. a wall, floor or roof.
- the radiator may be integral with a roof lining in an automobile or the like.
- a plurality of such radiators may be arranged in the vehicle.
- the vehicle may comprise a plastics or fibrous moulded component in or forming part of the passenger compartment, and the radiator may be integral with the component.
- the radiator may comprise a stiff lightweight panel having cellular core sandwiched between skin layers, and wherein one of the skins is integral with the moulded component.
- the said one skin may be thin in comparison to the average wall thickness of the component.
- the said one skin may be surrounded by a groove or slot in the component, the groove defining a resilient surround for the radiator, and the slot helping to define a region of distributed mode bending operation.
- the invention is a vehicle component comprising a loudspeaker having a distributed mode acoustic radiator and an exciter mounted on the radiator to vibrate the radiator to cause it to resonate.
- Distributed mode operation indicates that a beneficial spread of modal resonances be encouraged in a structure intended to operate as an acoustic radiator.
- the principle teaches properties of structure, geometry and driving point(s) which promote good modal density for wide range sound reproduction.
- Some structures e.g. existing or prefabricated or similar panels may naturally have such a property in the frequency range of interest, for which a suitable mathematical and mechanical analysis will determine the optimum driving point(s) and exciter(s) and their characteristics for a useful acoustic output.
- an existing interior door panel or parcel shelf or equivalent or roof lining may benefit from modification to its mountings or the addition of stiffening members, sections or panels, to result in a performance closer to the intended distributed mode form, in the intended range of operation.
- these panel units may be structured and designed to possess distributed mode potential for general vehicular interiors even having the dimensions of small rooms e.g. rail coaches, buses etc. according to the principles described in parent application Ser. No. 08/707,012.
- the distributed mode principle is particularly suited since the acoustic element may be robust, water and environmentally resistant and requires no grill cover or opening, or protection for its effective operation.
- the acoustic part of the panel may be fully integrated such that no external witness of its presence is required this also for interior design where the visual presence of loudspeaker systems is to be avoided.
- While distributed mode speakers are capable of, and are generally designed to operate over, a wide frequency range, in particular uniquely to reach to the highest audible frequencies without the use of additional drive elements or crossover networks, some panel structures lend themselves to effective operation in the lower frequency range owing to their relatively low fundamental bending frequency. While employing built-in or otherwise distributed mode speaker elements for the usual middle and upper frequency range, the naturally low bending frequency(s) for the structural or modular panels in question may be utilised for sound reproduction which is optimised in the low frequency range to work congruently with the upper range units.
- the low frequency range may extend into the range generally covered by box type units called subwoofers, characterised by operation in the range below 150 Hz and which may extend down to audible 20 Hz limits or thereabouts, this lower limit still sensed by human perception and capable of enhancing the enjoyment of reproduced music signals of wide recorded bandwidth.
- Larger structural panels of heavier construction of resin bonded composites of combinations of these and similar material will have modal resonances extending to the low range and may be driven by a number of electromagnetic energisers including those designed specifically to suit distributed mode loudspeakers as described in our copending application Ser. Nos. 09/011,773, 09/011,770 and 09/011,831 optimised by driving force and natural resonance to couple well to larger heavier panels.
- the integration of sound systems with vehicle design, also with lighting units is an important aspect of modern practice.
- the distributed mode speaker principle is uniquely suited to these applications where unobtrusive even totally concealed sound systems may be designed.
- Full range types of loudspeakers, resonant panel or otherwise may be augmented by resonating distributed mode panels which are designed to be effective in the low range.
- Low range sounds are essentially non directional which largely removes restraints on placement.
- low range distributed mode panels may be positioned advantageously under seating in a protected area or incorporated in the under panelling of the seat.
- Vehicle components which are suited to low frequency operation with electrodynamic exciters include parcel shelves, headlinings and door interior panels.
- the structure of a headlining may be multi-layer, with a resinated fibre structural base overlaid by an acoustically porous thin foam and a fabric or other decorative covering.
- the headlining base is perforated by one or more apertures in which small distributed mode speakers may be resiliently supported to provide one or more channels of sound reproduction conveniently above the passengers heads, the sound easily being transmitted through the porous layer.
- These separate distributed mode speakers are more suited to the middle and upper frequency range and the low range is then preferably reproduced by resonating the structure of the headlining with a suitable electrodynamic exciter.
- the particular virtue of a distributed mode speaker in this design is the lack of hot spot or proximity effect and which provides superior sound distribution for the vehicle passengers.
- thermal limiters e.g. self resetting positive temperature co-efficient resistors, may be incorporated in the wiring harness to protect the exciters.
- a loudspeaker according to the present invention may be incorporated in a conventional vehicle using, for example, existing or partially modified surfaces, or by moulding and suitable attachment of a distributed mode loudspeaker panel to the different linings and trimmings of the vehicle, for example in panels of the headrest remote from occupant head contact.
- a distributed mode acoustic radiator designed to operate at low frequencies i.e. a subwoofer
- Mid-high frequency sound reproduction can be achieved by employing distributed mode loudspeaker panels attached to or installed in the vacuum-forming or other moulding process of the internal trimmings, in particular the headliner, the door-liner, parcel-shelf, sun visor or the dashboard of an automobile.
- Bass frequencies can be produced by applying a suitable exciter to a headliner or rear parcel-shelf and/or by the use of separate distributed mode panels that are attached to the undersides of seats, to the rears of seats or door linings or even to floor coverings.
- the vehicle foot-well can be utilised to amplify the bass frequencies as a horn for panel radiators mounted in such a location.
- noise cancellation of good order of bandwidth and rejection ratio may be achieved as an additional benefit in conjunction with suitable signal processing systems, known per se.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a roof or headlining for an automobile, constructed in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the headlining of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the front portion of an automobile
- FIG. 4 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 3, and
- FIG. 5 is a view of part of the interior of an automobile.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown a roof or headlining ( 1 ) for an automobile (not shown) which headlining comprises a main body ( 2 ) of resin impregnated fibrous material which is formed to shape by moulding and which is covered on its under surface with a resilient foam layer ( 3 ), e.g. of plastics or rubber, which in turn is covered by a decorative skin layer ( 4 ) of textiles fabric or the like.
- a resilient foam layer 3
- resonant panel-form acoustic radiator loudspeakers ( 5 ) as described in International application WO97/09842 are provided inside the thickness of the headlining and are arranged in the headlining such that they are positioned generally above the heads of the occupants of the automobile.
- the four loudspeakers ( 5 ) are intended as mid/high frequency loudspeakers.
- an opposed pair of vibration exciters are mounted directly on the body of the headlining, to excite the headlining at low frequencies in the manner of a subwoofer operating as a distributed mode acoustic radiator as described in parent application Ser. No. 08/707,012.
- the vibration exciters may be of the kind described in our copending application Ser. Nos.
- 09/011,773 09/011,770 and 09/011,831 are preferably electrodynamic inertial devices.
- a wiring harness ( 7 ) providing electrical power to the various loudspeakers and other components such as interior lights ( 18 ) is integral with the headlining. It might be desirable to provide current limiters ( 8 ) in the wiring ( 7 ) to the loudspeakers to protect the exciters against overload.
- a rear view mirror ( 19 ) is shown mounted on the headlining.
- the mid/high frequency loudspeakers ( 5 ) are provided in cavities ( 9 ) formed in the thickness of the body ( 2 ) of the headlining and by locally reducing the thickness of the resilient foam layer ( 3 ) whereby the foam layer is acoustically transparent.
- Stiff lightweight generally rectangular panel monoliths ( 10 ) e.g. of fibre impregnated plastics forming resonant acoustic radiators and made in accordance with the teaching in parent application Ser. No. 08/707,012 are mounted in the respective cavities ( 9 ) on discrete resilient suspension elements ( 11 ), e.g. of a foamed elastomeric material which are mounted on the body and which are fixed to the panel ( 10 ) near to its edges.
- a vibration exciter ( 12 ) is mounted on the panel ( 10 ) to launch bending waves into the panel and is positioned on the panel as discussed in parent application Ser. No. 08/707,012.
- the exciters ( 12 ) may be electrodynamic and may be of the inertial variety.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show an automobile ( 15 ) with roof and roof lining omitted in the interests of clarity, and illustrate that acoustic radiator panel loudspeakers ( 5 ) of the kind described above are also provided in the interior lining ( 14 ) of the passenger footwells ( 13 ) and may benefit from such positioning since the partly enclosed volumes of such footwells may act as horns or resonators to enhance the acoustic signal.
- the radiators may be low frequency, i.e. subwoofer, loudspeakers.
- an automobile ( 15 ) of the kind described above is additionally equipped with distributed mode acoustic radiator loudspeakers ( 5 ) integrated in sun visors ( 17 ) attached to the top of the automobile windshield ( 16 ).
- the sun visors ( 17 ) incorporate resonant panels ( 10 ) excited by vibration exciters ( 12 ) as described above.
- the panel form of a distributed mode acoustic radiator makes it particularly suitable for such a purpose.
- the visor sound source can be used to provide improved image steering and frontal localisation for front seated persons in the vehicle.
- augmented localisation may be achieved by additional speaker elements working in addition to the main headlining/parcel shelf radiators: these may be incorporated in seat backs, headrests or restraints or door trim sections.
Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/398,057 US6324294B1 (en) | 1996-09-03 | 1999-09-17 | Passenger vehicles incorporating loudspeakers comprising panel-form acoustic radiating elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/707,012 US6332029B1 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-03 | Acoustic device |
GBGB9705979.4A GB9705979D0 (en) | 1997-03-22 | 1997-03-22 | Passenger vehicles |
GB9705979 | 1997-03-22 | ||
PCT/GB1998/000835 WO1998042536A1 (en) | 1997-03-22 | 1998-03-19 | Passenger vehicles incorporating loudspeakers comprising panel-form acoustic radiating elements |
US09/398,057 US6324294B1 (en) | 1996-09-03 | 1999-09-17 | Passenger vehicles incorporating loudspeakers comprising panel-form acoustic radiating elements |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1998/000835 Continuation WO1998042536A1 (en) | 1996-09-03 | 1998-03-19 | Passenger vehicles incorporating loudspeakers comprising panel-form acoustic radiating elements |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US6324294B1 true US6324294B1 (en) | 2001-11-27 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/398,057 Expired - Lifetime US6324294B1 (en) | 1996-09-03 | 1999-09-17 | Passenger vehicles incorporating loudspeakers comprising panel-form acoustic radiating elements |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6324294B1 (en) |
Cited By (36)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6397972B1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2002-06-04 | New Transducers Limited | Loudspeakers |
US20030142833A1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-07-31 | Roy Kenneth P. | Architectural sound enhancement with test tone diagnostics |
US20030144847A1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-07-31 | Roy Kenneth P. | Architectural sound enhancement with radiator response matching EQ |
US20030142814A1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-07-31 | Roy Kenneth P. | Architectural sound enhancement with DTMF control |
WO2003078204A2 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2003-09-25 | Dieter Burmester | Loudspeaker arrangement for stereo reception in vehicles, particularly in passenger vehicles |
US20030183443A1 (en) * | 2002-04-02 | 2003-10-02 | Christian Busque | Entertainment sound panels |
EP1351542A2 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-10-08 | Jamco Corporation | Ceiling speaker system of aircraft |
US20030198339A1 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2003-10-23 | Roy Kenneth P. | Enhanced sound processing system for use with sound radiators |
US20040026585A1 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2004-02-12 | Hutt Steven W. | Electro-dynamic loudspeaker mounting system |
US6721436B1 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2004-04-13 | Sound Advance Systems, Inc. | Remote edge-driven panel speaker |
US20050013453A1 (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-01-20 | Cheung Kwun-Wing W. | Flat panel loudspeaker system for mobile platform |
US20050201571A1 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-09-15 | Shell Shocked Sound, Inc. | Acoustic bracket system |
US20060013417A1 (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-01-19 | Intier Automotive Inc. | Acoustical panel assembly |
US20080050416A1 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-02-28 | Searete Llc, | Bone delivery device |
US20090010468A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2009-01-08 | Richard Barry Oser | Actuation of floor systems using mechanical and electro-active polymer transducers |
FR2922835A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-05-01 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Bass speaker for stereophonic sound system in motor vehicle, has rear part contained in enclosed space between false floor and floor pan of vehicle, where load volume of speaker is constituted by enclosed space |
US7548854B2 (en) | 2002-01-31 | 2009-06-16 | Awi Licensing Company | Architectural sound enhancement with pre-filtered masking sound |
US20120082317A1 (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-05 | Apple Inc. | Electronic devices with improved audio |
US20130228392A1 (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-09-05 | C-Eng Co., Ltd. | Self resonance-type sound-producing speaker and method of placing thereof |
GB2504691A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2014-02-12 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | Exciter coupling arrangement improves frequency response for a bending wave loudspeaker |
US8811648B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2014-08-19 | Apple Inc. | Moving magnet audio transducer |
US8879761B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2014-11-04 | Apple Inc. | Orientation-based audio |
US8942410B2 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2015-01-27 | Apple Inc. | Magnetically biased electromagnet for audio applications |
US20150071459A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2015-03-12 | The Boeing Company | Flat Panel Loudspeaker System |
US9131303B2 (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2015-09-08 | Nissan North America, Inc. | Vehicle audio structure |
US9525943B2 (en) | 2014-11-24 | 2016-12-20 | Apple Inc. | Mechanically actuated panel acoustic system |
US9682641B1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-06-20 | Bose Corporation | Speaker grill assembly for vehicle seats |
US9936272B1 (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-03 | The Boeing Company | Apparatuses and methods for acoustically exciting a face panel of a stowage bin inside a vehicle |
WO2019081918A1 (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-05-02 | Hugh Brogan | An improved speaker |
US10356523B2 (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2019-07-16 | Nvf Tech Ltd | Distributed mode loudspeaker actuator including patterned electrodes |
US10477321B2 (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2019-11-12 | Google Llc | Driving distributed mode loudspeaker actuator that includes patterned electrodes |
US10536795B2 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2020-01-14 | Bose Corporation | Vehicle audio system with reverberant content presentation |
DE102011084168B4 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2020-07-09 | Röchling Automotive AG & Co. KG | Flexible shaft loudspeaker, motor vehicle with flexible shaft loudspeaker, and use of a flexible shaft loudspeaker |
US20220134966A1 (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-05 | Harman International Industries, Incorporated | Methods for forming a hidden audio assembly |
WO2022175806A1 (en) * | 2021-02-16 | 2022-08-25 | Adient Us Llc | Head restraint for a vehicle seat, and vehicle seat |
US11540059B2 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-27 | Jvis-Usa, Llc | Vibrating panel assembly for radiating sound into a passenger compartment of a vehicle |
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US3247925A (en) | 1962-03-08 | 1966-04-26 | Lord Corp | Loudspeaker |
US3347335A (en) | 1965-04-05 | 1967-10-17 | Bolt Beranek & Newman | Acoustic-wave apparatus |
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