US7325761B2 - Hammer for a material size reduction machine - Google Patents
Hammer for a material size reduction machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7325761B2 US7325761B2 US10/847,958 US84795804A US7325761B2 US 7325761 B2 US7325761 B2 US 7325761B2 US 84795804 A US84795804 A US 84795804A US 7325761 B2 US7325761 B2 US 7325761B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hammer
- body portion
- linear body
- pivot pin
- extending
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related, expires
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
- B02C2013/2808—Shape or construction of beater elements the beater elements are attached to disks mounted on a shaft
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hammer for a material size reduction machine.
- hammers are individually pivotally mounted on a rotating drum or disk rotating at high speed.
- the hammers are rotated at high speed and sweep adjacent the inner circumferential wall of a mill housing, whereupon particles to be size reduced are fed into the mill and collide with the front faces of the hammers.
- the hammer mills or rotors must be very heavily constructed to provide the necessary strength for effective operation and durability. Additionally, a heavy hammer mill or rotor will also have a large amount of angular momentum and energy to effectively process tough, high strength materials and also maintain a relatively constant rotational speed, resulting in less wear on the drive train and engine.
- hammers are typically pivotally mounted to the periphery of a rotating drum or disk.
- One problem associated with such machines is the regular need to replace damaged or worn hammers, this need being engendered by the high rates of rotation and the impact energies associated with the contact of the hammers with the particulate material to be size reduced.
- a hammer for a material size reducing machine of the type including a rotor on which the hammer is individually pivotally mounted, whereupon the inventive hammer advantageously offers a more favorable impact wear characteristic.
- the inventive hammer advantageously provides a higher grinding efficiency because of a) stronger secondary breakage by the shortened particle-traveling distance and higher particle velocity hitting the liner wall and b) a separate deflected particle passage that permits the hammer to transfer energy to the incoming particles more efficiently.
- the inventive hammer offers the possibility of uniform wear, so as to provide a longer service life and to maintain a sustained peak performance.
- the inventive hammer includes a mounting end having a throughbore for receiving a pivot pin therethrough in connection with the pivot mounting of the hammer on the rotor, whereupon the axis of the pivot pin when mounted through the throughbore extends parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor.
- the hammer includes an extending portion extending from the mounting end and terminating in a distal end with the center of mass of the hammer being located in the extending portion.
- the extending portion has a non-linear body portion and a linear body portion with the non-linear body portion being located intermediate the linear body portion and the throughbore.
- the linear body portion is inclined in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor at an angle between 5 to 45 degrees as measured relative to a line extending through the center of the pivot pin and the center of mass of the hammer.
- FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a portion of a conventional hammermill that is representative of the type of material size reducing machine on which the hammer of the present invention can be mounted;
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged side elevational view of one embodiment of the hammer of present invention
- FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the one embodiment of the hammer shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged side elevational view of another embodiment of the hammer of present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a front elevational view of the another embodiment of the hammer shown in FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional hammermill suitable for use with the hammer of the present invention.
- This conventional hammermill is illustrated and described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,507,441, wherein, in that FIG. 1 of that patent and as illustrated in FIG. 1 herein, there is illustrated a hammermill 20 having a main shaft 22 which is rotated about a longitudinal axis by conventional driving mechanisms such as gas or electric powered motors.
- a plurality of plates 24 mounted in longitudinally spaced relation along the shaft 22 .
- a plurality of hubs 26 for maintaining spacing of the plates 24 along the shaft 22 .
- the plates 24 each have keyways which mate with a longitudinally extended key 27 formed by the main shaft 22 for preventing relative rotation between the shaft 22 and the plates 24 .
- the plates 24 and hubs 26 are prevented from moving longitudinally along the main shaft 22 by an end plate 31 rigidly connected to one end of the main shaft 22 and a nut 33 threaded onto the other end of the main shaft 22 such that the plates 24 and associated hubs 26 are compressed between the end plate 31 and the nut 33 .
- a plurality of free-swinging hammers 28 are pivotally mounted between the plates 24 along pivot axes parallel to and spaced from the main axis.
- the free-swinging hammers 28 are pivotally mounted on pivot pins 30 that are aligned along the pivot axes.
- the pivot pins 30 extend through linearly aligned holes 32 defined by the plates 24 at locations proximate the outer circumference of the plates 24 .
- the hammers 28 are free to pivot about their corresponding pivot pins 30 within the area of motion defined by contact of the hammers 28 with the main shaft 22 .
- the plates 24 are rotated by the main shaft 22 in a direction of rotation PDR (a clockwise direction out of the plane of the illustration of the hammermill 20 shown in FIG. 1 ).
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged side elevational view of one embodiment of the hammer of present invention
- FIG. 3 which is a front elevational view of the one embodiment of the hammer shown in FIG. 2
- the hammer 28 includes a mounting end 36 having a throughbore 38 for receiving one of the pivot pins 30 therethrough in connection with the pivot mounting of the hammer between a respective adjacent pair of the plates 24 .
- the axis PPA of the pivot pin 30 when mounted through the throughbore 38 extends parallel to the axis of rotation of the plates 24 .
- the hammer 28 also includes an extending portion 40 extending from the mounting end 36 and terminating in a distal end 42 with the center of mass CGM of the hammer being located in the extending portion 40 .
- the extending portion 40 has a non-linear body portion 44 and a linear body portion 46 with the non-linear body portion 44 being located intermediate the linear body portion 46 and the throughbore 38 .
- the linear body portion 46 is inclined in a direction opposite to the rotation direction PDR of the plates 24 at a backset angle BST between five to forty-five degrees (5 to 45°) as measured relative to a reference line RFL extending through the center of the pivot pin 30 and the center of mass CGM of the hammer.
- the backset angle BST is most preferably between fifteen to twenty-five degrees (15 to 25°) as measured relative to the reference line RFL.
- the linear body portion 46 of the extending portion 40 of the hammer 28 has a planar face having height extent PFE, as measured radially to the pivot pin axis PPA from the distal end 42 to the topmost edge of the non-linear body portion 44 , is 10 to 50% of the height extent EPH of the extending portion 40 , as measured radially to the pivot pin axis PPA from the distal end 42 to the pivot pin axis PPA.
- the non-linear body portion 44 has a height extent NLB as measured radially to the pivot pin axis PPA from the bottom most edge of the linear body portion 46 of 50 to 90% of the height extent EPH of the extending portion 40 with the respective height extent NLB of the non-linear body portion 44 and the respective height extent EPH of the linear body portion 46 together comprising the height extent EPH of the extending portion 40 , as measured radially to the pivot pin axis PPA from the distal end 42 to the pivot pin axis PPA.
- the hammer 28 has a width extent WID at the distal end 42 as measured parallel to the pivot pin axis PPA.
- the width extent of the hammer 28 tapers symmetrically inwardly from both sides of the non-linear body portion 44 toward a longitudinal centerline HLC of the hammer 28 from the width extent WID to its most narrow width extent NAR, which is located at a height TSP above the pivot pin axis PPA of between 20 to 70% of the height extent EPH of the extending portion 40 .
- Both the width extent WID of the hammer 28 at its distal end 42 and the most narrow width extent NAR of the hammer 28 are centered on the longitudinal centerline HLC.
- the balance of the hammer 28 from the bottom most edge of the non-linear body portion 44 to its most narrow width extent NAR to its inside end 48 has a maximum width extent FRV that can be equal to the most narrow width extent NAR of the non-linear body portion 44 or slightly larger but less than the width extent WID of the linear body portion 46 .
- the linear body portion 46 of the extending portion 40 of the hammer 28 is rectilinear with the faces thereof defining its width extent WID being at right angles to the faces thereof defining its height extent PFE, and these faces, in turn, being at right angles to the depth extent of the linear body portion 46 as measured along a bottom most side edge BLE of the linear body portion 46 .
- the distal end 42 formed by the top of the linear body portion 46 is planar and the bottom most side edges BLE of the linear body portion 46 are parallel to the distal end 42
- Each bottom most side edge BLE of the linear body portion 46 thus extends at a downward incline as viewed from the right to the left in FIG.
- each bottom most side edge BLE of the linear body portion 46 is at a front face height defined by the height extent NLB of the non-linear body portion 44 that is greater than the back face height BFH of the back face terminus 52 .
- the non-linear body portion 44 of the extending portion 40 of the hammer 28 has a radius of curvature ROC of between ten to sixty degrees (10 to 60°).
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged side elevational view of this other embodiment of the hammer of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a front elevational view of the embodiment of the hammer shown in FIG. 4
- the hammer in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 hereinafter designated the hammer 128 , includes a mounting end 136 having a throughbore 138 for receiving one of the pivot pins 30 therethrough in connection with the pivot mounting of the hammer between a respective adjacent pair of the plates 24 .
- the axis PPA of the pivot pin 30 when mounted through the throughbore 138 extends parallel to the axis of rotation of the plates 24 .
- the hammer 128 also includes an extending portion 140 extending from the mounting end 136 and terminating in a distal end 142 with the center of mass CGM of the hammer being located in the extending portion 140 .
- the extending portion 140 has a non-linear body portion 144 and a linear body portion 146 with the non-linear body portion 144 being located intermediate the linear body portion 146 and the throughbore 138 .
- the linear body portion 146 is inclined in a direction opposite to the rotation direction PDR of the plates 24 at a backset angle BST between five to forty-five degrees (5 to 45°) as measured relative to a reference line RFL extending through the center of the pivot pin 30 and the center of mass CGM of the hammer.
- the backset angle BST is most preferably between fifteen to twenty-five degrees (15 to 25°) as measured relative to the reference line RFL.
- the linear body portion 146 and the non-linear body portion 144 of the extending portion 140 of the hammer 128 together comprise the height extent of the extending portion 140 , as measured radially to the pivot pin axis PPA from the distal end 142 to the pivot pin axis PPA.
- the non-linear body portion 144 of the extending portion 140 of the hammer 128 has a radius of curvature ROC of between ten to sixty degrees (10 to 60°).
- the hammer 128 has a width extent WID at the distal end 142 as measured parallel to the pivot pin axis PPA.
- the width extent WID of the hammer 128 is the same along the entire extents of the linear body portion 146 and the non-linear body portion 144 .
Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/847,958 US7325761B2 (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2004-05-18 | Hammer for a material size reduction machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/847,958 US7325761B2 (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2004-05-18 | Hammer for a material size reduction machine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20050258289A1 US20050258289A1 (en) | 2005-11-24 |
US7325761B2 true US7325761B2 (en) | 2008-02-05 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10/847,958 Expired - Fee Related US7325761B2 (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2004-05-18 | Hammer for a material size reduction machine |
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Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8141804B1 (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2012-03-27 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Curved hammer |
US20120286082A1 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2012-11-15 | Buhler Ag | Hammer Mill, Rotor of a Hammer Mill, Hammer Pins, Catch Device and Fixing Device |
WO2012155138A3 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2013-03-14 | Genesis Iii Inc | Hammer |
WO2013173812A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2013-11-21 | Esco Corporation | Hammer for shredding machines |
US8800903B1 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2014-08-12 | Roger T. Young | Multi-connector hammer and protective arm |
US8960581B1 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2015-02-24 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Hammer |
USD731564S1 (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2015-06-09 | Esco Corporatio | Hammer for shredding machines |
USD731565S1 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2015-06-09 | Esco Corporation | Stepped hammer for shredding machines |
USD839934S1 (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2019-02-05 | Roger Young | Swing hammer |
USD840447S1 (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2019-02-12 | Roger Young | Swing hammer |
US10207274B1 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2019-02-19 | Roger Young | Non-forged hammermill hammer |
USD861048S1 (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2019-09-24 | Roger Young | Swing hammer |
US10478824B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2019-11-19 | Bliss Industries, Llc | System and method for installing hammers |
US10486160B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2019-11-26 | Bliss Industries, Llc | Method of replacing hammers and spacers |
WO2020038280A1 (en) * | 2018-08-19 | 2020-02-27 | 浙江晟达机械有限公司 | Single-plate turnover impact-type crusher and crushing method therefor |
US10610870B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2020-04-07 | Bliss Industries, Llc | Hot and cold forming hammer and method of assembly |
USD905136S1 (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2020-12-15 | Bliss Industries, Llc | Hammermill hammer |
US11839879B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-12-12 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Hammer |
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CN110876972B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2023-09-29 | 苏州嘉诺环境科技股份有限公司 | crushing device |
JP2021123833A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2021-08-30 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Apparatus for depositing fiber body and apparatus for manufacturing fiber structure |
AU2021262226A1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-11-10 | Vectis Pty Ltd | A grinding mill rotor |
Citations (12)
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US858772A (en) * | 1905-09-18 | 1907-07-02 | Williams Patent Crusher & Pulv | Hammer for crushers and pulverizers. |
US906346A (en) * | 1908-05-18 | 1908-12-08 | Williams Patent Crusher & Pulv | Hammer for shredding-machines. |
US1132047A (en) * | 1907-12-05 | 1915-03-16 | Milton T Thompson | Apparatus for crushing or recrushing rocks, ores, &c. |
US1753474A (en) * | 1929-05-02 | 1930-04-08 | Illinois Stoker Co | Mill pulverizer |
US2045690A (en) * | 1932-03-15 | 1936-06-30 | Jeffrey Mfg Co | Reducing machine |
US2331597A (en) * | 1939-09-25 | 1943-10-12 | Coles Geoffrey Herbert Norman | Disintegrator hammer |
US2803634A (en) * | 1954-05-20 | 1957-08-20 | C C D Processes N Y Ltd | Apparatus and method for recovering fat |
US2939638A (en) * | 1956-10-17 | 1960-06-07 | Strong Scott Mfg Company | Pulverizing and classifying apparatus |
US3261151A (en) * | 1964-04-23 | 1966-07-19 | Deere & Co | Crop chopper knife |
US3482789A (en) * | 1967-03-30 | 1969-12-09 | Alton S Newell | Hammers for hammer mills |
US3486704A (en) * | 1965-08-27 | 1969-12-30 | Nathan N Persky | Apparatus for scrap metal reduction |
US5529249A (en) * | 1993-11-10 | 1996-06-25 | Westfalia & Braun Zerkleinerungstechnik Gmbh & Co. | Rotary impact breaker with replaceable jaws |
-
2004
- 2004-05-18 US US10/847,958 patent/US7325761B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US858772A (en) * | 1905-09-18 | 1907-07-02 | Williams Patent Crusher & Pulv | Hammer for crushers and pulverizers. |
US1132047A (en) * | 1907-12-05 | 1915-03-16 | Milton T Thompson | Apparatus for crushing or recrushing rocks, ores, &c. |
US906346A (en) * | 1908-05-18 | 1908-12-08 | Williams Patent Crusher & Pulv | Hammer for shredding-machines. |
US1753474A (en) * | 1929-05-02 | 1930-04-08 | Illinois Stoker Co | Mill pulverizer |
US2045690A (en) * | 1932-03-15 | 1936-06-30 | Jeffrey Mfg Co | Reducing machine |
US2331597A (en) * | 1939-09-25 | 1943-10-12 | Coles Geoffrey Herbert Norman | Disintegrator hammer |
US2803634A (en) * | 1954-05-20 | 1957-08-20 | C C D Processes N Y Ltd | Apparatus and method for recovering fat |
US2939638A (en) * | 1956-10-17 | 1960-06-07 | Strong Scott Mfg Company | Pulverizing and classifying apparatus |
US3261151A (en) * | 1964-04-23 | 1966-07-19 | Deere & Co | Crop chopper knife |
US3486704A (en) * | 1965-08-27 | 1969-12-30 | Nathan N Persky | Apparatus for scrap metal reduction |
US3482789A (en) * | 1967-03-30 | 1969-12-09 | Alton S Newell | Hammers for hammer mills |
US5529249A (en) * | 1993-11-10 | 1996-06-25 | Westfalia & Braun Zerkleinerungstechnik Gmbh & Co. | Rotary impact breaker with replaceable jaws |
Cited By (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8960581B1 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2015-02-24 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Hammer |
US11185866B2 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2021-11-30 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Hammer |
US11103875B1 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2021-08-31 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Hammer |
US10201814B1 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2019-02-12 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Hammer |
US9737894B1 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2017-08-22 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Hammer |
US9566584B2 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2017-02-14 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Hammer |
US8998120B1 (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2015-04-07 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Curved hammer |
US8141804B1 (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2012-03-27 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Curved hammer |
US11759789B1 (en) | 2009-05-22 | 2023-09-19 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Curved hammer |
US8613403B1 (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2013-12-24 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Curved hammer |
US10857540B1 (en) | 2009-05-22 | 2020-12-08 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Curved hammer |
US8608099B2 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2013-12-17 | Bühler AG | Hammer mill, rotor of a hammer mill, hammer pins, catch device and fixing device |
US20120286082A1 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2012-11-15 | Buhler Ag | Hammer Mill, Rotor of a Hammer Mill, Hammer Pins, Catch Device and Fixing Device |
WO2012155138A3 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2013-03-14 | Genesis Iii Inc | Hammer |
US10486159B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2019-11-26 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Multi-connector hammer |
US11396021B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2022-07-26 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Multi-connector hammer |
US9358546B1 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2016-06-07 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Multi-connector hammer and protective arm |
US8800903B1 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2014-08-12 | Roger T. Young | Multi-connector hammer and protective arm |
US9855560B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2018-01-02 | Esco Corporation | Hammer for shredding machines |
WO2013173812A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2013-11-21 | Esco Corporation | Hammer for shredding machines |
US10471435B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2019-11-12 | Esco Group Llc | Hammer for shredding machines |
USD731564S1 (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2015-06-09 | Esco Corporatio | Hammer for shredding machines |
USD731565S1 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2015-06-09 | Esco Corporation | Stepped hammer for shredding machines |
US10610870B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2020-04-07 | Bliss Industries, Llc | Hot and cold forming hammer and method of assembly |
US10207274B1 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2019-02-19 | Roger Young | Non-forged hammermill hammer |
US10507468B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2019-12-17 | Bliss Industries, Llc | Non-forged hammermill hammer |
US10486160B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2019-11-26 | Bliss Industries, Llc | Method of replacing hammers and spacers |
US10478824B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2019-11-19 | Bliss Industries, Llc | System and method for installing hammers |
USD857066S1 (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2019-08-20 | Roger Young | Swing hammer |
USD840447S1 (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2019-02-12 | Roger Young | Swing hammer |
USD839934S1 (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2019-02-05 | Roger Young | Swing hammer |
USD861048S1 (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2019-09-24 | Roger Young | Swing hammer |
USD905136S1 (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2020-12-15 | Bliss Industries, Llc | Hammermill hammer |
WO2020038280A1 (en) * | 2018-08-19 | 2020-02-27 | 浙江晟达机械有限公司 | Single-plate turnover impact-type crusher and crushing method therefor |
US11839879B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-12-12 | Genesis Iii, Inc. | Hammer |
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