US930503A - Turbine-engine. - Google Patents

Description

`C. A. STU-RTEVANT. TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLBD DB0.28.1907.

930,503. Patented Aug.10,1909.

s slums-SHEET 2.

c. A. STURTEVAHT.

- TUBBINE ENGINE.

' APPLIOATIOIS FILED DBO. 28. 1907.

$30,503., f Patented Aug. 10r 1909.

a SHEETS-SHEET s.

Be i known that I, CHARLES A. VSrun'rn- "TMNT,l a citizen ofthe United States, and

residentof Plainiield, in thecounty of. Union and `State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful lImproven'ient in Turbine- Engines, of which the'following is aspecificatlon. f This invent'on 'relates to a turbine engine fand 'has 'as its object to producev an engine of thiseharacter which is very simple, durable and compact inconstruction and which yields themaximni amount'of power in pro- Pulido@ t the amount of pressure medlurn' Wh'lh 1S-eXpended;-' Y

. "The engine shown inthe. drawings is' more partioularlyintended to be` driven bysteam u t thesaine may lie-organized to utilize another ressu're medium 'such for instance Aas the accompanying drawings "consisting of?) sheets: Figure 1 is a vertical axial section a' fragmentary vertical longitudinal sectionA 'of my improved turbine engine in line 1--1, 2.- i'g. 2 is 'a vertical diametrcal' sec'- tion thereof taken in line 2&2, Fig. 1 l Fig. 3 a fragmentary sectional view, on an en-l larged'scale, of onefof the outlet or delivery nozzles for the pressure medium. Fig. 4 isa Vertical longitudinal section in line 1f-4,?

Fig. 2. F ig..5 is a vertical cross 4section-in line 5 -.5, Fig. 4.1 Figs.y .6 and 7 are detached face views of the impulse wheel and one part of the reaction wheel of theengine. Fig. 8

vsl'iowing a'modiie'd construction cfa-turbine "engine embodying my invention. 'Fig-.9 is a transverse section oi' the same. i

.Similar letters of reference indlcatecorrespending parts throughout the several views;

.The casing or housing of inyimprove'd tur-` bine engine rnay be. variously constructed but as shown the drawings the sainepref.-

era'bly. consistsv of twonpright disks walls A, A1 arranged one in frontoffthe othen and having their inner portions comparatively far a art while their outer-portions are arrangedl e oser together',y and a ring B secured between the peripheral portions, of thefdisks by bolts airfupri'ght: .position prefera 1y. by standards `oeflegsi orsecured tothe lowerparts thereof -.l

'Drepresents a stationary arbor sulpported 1n far-habia euthanasia-'disks or wa of the f .f aangenaamnnawahftheaxes fsaididisks vThis arbor is made hollow so as to foin" a lollgilmldnaly supply' conduit d therein. which v Specification of Letters Patent. K Application med neeembr 2a, 1907. seriai No. mari means with the sourceyfrornwhich thepressure' medium is supplied.,lnasrnuchigasjithe engine in the drawin .-is more.; y ,aiifljS-lllarly designed to be driven y'stealllrtiieiollowing description will refer r more .particularly to this pressure medium-as .the source ofpower. The inner end 'of thelarboriisgarranged .withm `the central part of the vinclo'singfjcasing; and

Opposite the arbior f fand axially-. `in l Aline therewith is a main shaft having affronter-inrear solid section F!'whichsprojectsithrough the rear wall of the casing. --sThe hollow..por tion of this shaftv is provided'wth @circular of the arbor upon 4rotating said. -shaitj gupon the arbor. Within theloasingrfisgarranged a reaction wheel which-'comprisesfronti'. and

'ollow part of the 'shaft-F,` F1, -a'riin'orperiphera flanged connecting the outer. v'arts ofsaid disks and aplurality of. radial ri sgror hub, rim and partitionsofthegreaction wheel L- within the reactionvwheelz "Sixnof such the. number-may lie-varied; The hub,1fim

grally with the rear disk'Q-Hl. of.r the reaction .wheel and engage with? the iront disk thereof s o as 'to forma steaintightfjointbetween the .same'b means of transverse' screws 'orbolts h', ass own or otherwiseLj/*The hubfvoff the reaction wheel is.v "providedf Witlia@ circuv in une with one of thebpenings ferne-Shaft supp y ort to .the "inner endof o n'eof thel steam 'jc iamber's.

in a radial socket-r formedon the riin' and Ais provided with alaterallyiopenijng supply, 1 CQndmt...t"

lier hollow section F which turns on theopf.l posing inner enljof the arborandan-outer or yrear disks H, H1, ahub I.'connectingtheinner arts of said disks andy mounted. fupqnthe partitions v Kl connecting i said-l disks and. Iextending from therifmoffthehub.'y fllhedisks,

chambers are shownvinthe drawings .although les each'of Yiii-ch issarirbyfrscrewfoina row of openings or. ports f lwhichare.-,adapt'ed to registersuccessively `with @the sl 1.pply`,port

thus forma circul'ar'row oi? steam chambers and. partitions are Ipreferably' `formed-.i nte yv and these parts larerigidly.securedtogetherj l lar row of radial opehing'sieaclifiwhioh is;v

F, F1 and fornistherewitli an inletfv'whereby' the fessure' mediun'ffisconductedffroin the leading from one of the steam chambers to the corresponding recess'y'. The .inner end of each nozzle is provided witha shoulder or collar r1 bearing againstthe inner sideyof the 5 rim while its outer end is arranged within the,I

yadjacent recess and provided with an outlet :opening s .from whichvthe steam issues tan-A around the rim of thefvreaction wheel so that theywill be acted upon or engaged by the, steam issuin from the nozzles. Each of. these inner b ades 'is Ipreferably curved 'and arranged so that the impactof the steam'is delivered against thesco'ncave side of the riesame@ f ,I yAround the inner row of blades is arranged ya circular row of intermediate blades U which y project'rearwardly from the front disk of the reaction wheel, said diskfor this purpose being made somewhat larger inydiameter than f the companion vr'eardiskof this wheel. f Each V ofthe .intermediate blades is curved in a directionppposite to 'thatof the inner'blades. V represents a circular row ofouter blades arran`ge'd -around the intermediate blades and projectin'forwardly'from,the eri heral or- Ution of t ve impulse wheel. ac of t ese outer bladesiscurved in ajdirection opposite Y to'fthatof the intermediate blades but in the 40, same direct'ionas the inner blades.

'4 guide or "abutmentv blades' arranged -around the outer' blades and preferablyffornied ony the ring Blof the casing. Eachofthe sta- Wtionaryblades is preferably constructed in VI'the form'of a ratchet tooth the front side of' l 'which 'faces'the concaveiside of the outer j blades while the inclined rear side thereof faces the convex side of the outer blades. Diametrically o posite the supply port the 'casing is provide with an exhaust or outlet w for theA spent steamj As 4shown in the `drawings the su ply port is on the -underside of the arbor an vthe exhaust is at lthe top 'of the 'ring B 'off thefcasing but if desired .the relation of the supplyport and exhaust may bevaried. l i

the steam supplied through the-conduit d issues from 'the portfe thereof it passes through the (particular inletf, lregistering "therewith'an `into thescorresponding steam *cliamben thence through the nozzle of this chamberand then.issuestangentially from .the loutlet."-thereof. )Thef reaction of the 6 5' stea`in"*upon thus .issuing from ythe outlet-lof causing steam in like manner to 1pass through 'latter to be turned in a direction opposite to .b ades or Aitself and esca es through the saine. W represents a circular'row-of stationary' in the chambepoperates the steam chamber causes the' reaction wheel to turn in the direction of lthe arrow sothat the inlet of the next steam chamber ltsfbrought into registerwith the supply port om the outthe same and issue tangentially This action is repeated as the let thereof.

inlets of the `several steam chambers are brought successively into register with the supply port.-

As the steam issues from the outlets of the several steam chambers of the reaction wheel the saine impinges against the inner row of blades of the impulse wheel and causes the thatl of the reaction 'wheel owing to the 1inpact or iinpelling force of the steam against the inner blades. The curvature of the inner blades causes the steani upon striking the same to be deflected and rebound outwardly at an angle so as to strike the concave side's of the intermediate blades. The steam is now again deflected outwardly at a reverse angle by the intermediate blades and by its reaction against the latter assists the initial steam jets issuing from the nozzles' to turn the reaction wheel as before described. Upon leaving the intermediate blades the steam strikes the concave sides of the outer blades and thereby aids in turning the iin- 95 pulse wheel in a direction opposite the actionwheel. As the steam strikes the outer blades the same is deflected outwardly and in a reverse direction s0 that it impinges a ains't the abrupt faces of the stationary 100 guides from which it reacts and assists the impulse wheel in itsrotary movement. As each outer blade arrives .opposite the4 exhaust the pressure medium has spent Within the ore of the ring B and in front vof the exhaust a relief chamberWlfis formed which ermits freeventof the spent steam from t e outer rotatable, blades to theexhaust, while on the rear side of the exhaust '/wf which prevents the steam from backing up and escaping directly to the `exhaust before it has expended its force.

y l .A While thesteani chambers are in coniniunication with the su ply conduit the steam issuing from the out et thereof actsy directly and at high pressure ja aiiist the blades but when the steam cham ers during the forward movement of the impulse .wheel are cut of fromtlie live steam sup ly then the steam liy expansion and ,at low pressure-against the blades. The supply ort shown` in the drawings is of such widtl that it'lis capable of communicating at one time withf one steam chamber and atv another time with two' of said chambers so that livev .steam is being supplied at all timos to eitlliergne or two of the chambers which 13o 93eme operates directly;againsathe-blades While-the f supply port -e answers' thev steam is.'operatingiexpansively on the blades in the remaining four :chambers 4which* for the time, being are cut off from thesteam.

supply. -The `full 'propelling effect of the steam` is" thus obtained before the same:

inallyre'aches the exhaust.

If desired, the motion of the impulsefand 'reaction wheels may be transmitted Eby in nniay bexunited, the referred meansy for this purpose shown in. tiedrawings being con- .structed'as follows: l f v re resents -a driven shaft and Y a counter sha tfwhichare journaled baringson z represents anaster gear wheel ecimedto theidriven shaft andmeshing witha pingione2 on the shaft ofthe reactionwheeland a pinion z3 on the countershat. vBy thisl means the rotary movements of the impulse t and reaction vwheels are converted or translated and 'caused to move in the same dir ec'l tion, thereby uniting the power in the driven shaft from which latter the motionimaybe transmitted to the place of consumption by :any suitable means.;A g Then engine shownY in. Figs. f1-7 of the drawings is designed to utilize both the reactionand impulse eect of the steam whereby the maximum. power ismderived- .from the same. `For the purpose of Isimplifying fthe en ine the same-may. beconstructed so as .to uti ize only thereactionsofthe steam. Such a simplified engine is shown.in,F 1gs..8 and 9. In thisconstruction no impulse iwheelis elnployedbutfinits stead two circular rows of lades U1, V are mounted on therear wall- 'A ofthe casin on the inner and youter sides of the'interme iateblades so that they.0per.

ate as guides against which the steamir'n- *f p inges upon leaving Ythe-outlets of the steam chamber and thel facesof the rotatable intermediate blades." l y j -l/Vhenl the engineiisdesigned to employ two motorwheels which `rotate in opposite L. -directions the engine runsfpractically ,with- -I`f desired,"`the number orows of .concen-l tric blades or-Jbuckr-.ts with, which the steam engages successivelybefore reachingthe exhaust may be less than that shown in the drawings when anengine of less power 1s re- `quiredand greater thanthenumber shown *inf the drawings 'when more power is desired. By proportioning thc number of conceni'c. rows'r of blades in, accordance. .withv the available steam supply` or.. pressure the full. benefit ofthejstcam isobtainableb re' it escapestotheexhaust. i

separatemeans totheplace of consumption f 'but' if'desiredthe motion of these two wheels.`

` medium supply conduituhaving a (sup` ly -po-rt, arotatable'member having a lura ity and a plurality of blades or buckets arranged ymedium supply conduit purpose insmaller yslzes of enginesa. plural- Y 1ty of such ports'maybe employed in largerv sizes pf.,engines in order to .furnishxample livejstcam to .seme of the steam chambcrswn while the steam vis operating expnsively' in .the other chambers.' ;'l`he ;numbe`r .of-. .eXvf hausts 1w may .also be multiplied. .in larger .sizeslof engines.-

s lI claimasmy invention: 11 y -Aturbine engine comprising a pressure medium suppl conduitv vhaving. a .su ly port, a .'rotatab ev member having a lurgltity .l of chambers each of which is provi ed .with

an inlet adaptedto register withsaidport of soA the supply conduit and an outlet, and a pluralityof Vblades or buckets arranged to be acted v011` Vby, .the pressuremediurn' issuing from the outlets ofsaid chambers. `2. vA turbineengine comprisinga press-ure S5' of chambers each of lwhich ispijovi ed with an inletzadapted'to register -withsaid port .of

the supply `conduit and a tangential outlet,

t0. be acted onb "the ressure medium ing fromthe out ets o said chambers..l 1

3. vAturbine engine corn rising-apressf'ure medium supply conduit Iavingv a supply port, a rotatable member having a' plura ity 'of chambers each of which ispro'vided with an inletv adapted t'o. register with'said' port of the supply conduit andan outlet, and a circular row `of blades arranged 'tov befacted on by the pressure medium issuing from said outlets and another circular row of blades arranged tobe acted' on bythe pressure'medium .after thesameleayes' the rirstnen-v tioned rowI of blades. l i

v 4. A turbine enginecomprising a pressure medium supply conduit having a suplply port,I a `rotatable member havinga plum ity of chambers eachv oi" which ri'sprovided -with aninlet adapted to register with said pQrt ofthe supply conduit and an outlet, an `inner .circular row ofblades arranged to be acted -on by the pressure medium issuingfrom said outlets, l 1an intermediate circular row A of blades arranged to be acted on by the preslis sure medium after the same leaves theinner blades, and an outer circular row i 'blades .arranged to be acted on by 'the pressuremeu dium after the same leaves v'the intermediate. blades. 7 l 5. A. turbine engine comprisinga pressure f- 'aving a sup ly port, n. rotatable memberhaving a lum it ofv chambers 'each of whichis provi edwit an inlet adapted to register with .saidgpofrt-of the supply conduit and vanoutlet, acircular row `of blades arranged to' be acted 'on bythe .pressure medium; issuing from said'f-nut'lets,

lan inclosing casing" having 'an exhaust; "and a ....5 :cil-euhm rowjofstiitionary blades arranged l@ casing adapted to be acted on by thepressure medium before the same escapes.

through said exhaust.

6. A turbine engine-comprising pressure medium supply conduit having a supply port,v ja rotatable member having a lurality of chambers each of which is provi ed with an inlet adapted to register with said port .chambers each of which is rovi ed wit an inletiadapted to register wity said port of the snpplyoonduit an an o utlet, an inner circular.- row of'blades arranged to be acted on by thplfessure medium issuin from said outlets,`.aycircular rowof rotata le intermediate blades arranged to be acted on by the pressure medium after the same leaves the inner blades, and a circular row of outer rotatable 'blades arranged to be acted onxby the pressuremedium after the same leaves the intervmediate blades.

8.A turbine engine comprising a pressure "medium supply conduit having a suppl port, a rotatable member having .a lura ity of chambers each of whichis rovi ed Withl an inlet adapted to register Wit 4 said port of the supply conduit and an outlet, an inner circular rowof blades arranged to be actedon by the pressure medium issuing from said outlets-, a circular row of rotatable intermediate blades arranged to be yacted on by the presjsuremedium' after thesame leaves the inner blades, anda circular row of outer blades rotatable'with said inner blades and 'arranged to beacted on by the pressure medium as the same leaves the intermediate blades'. i y 9.4 Aturbine engine comprising a pressure medium supply conduitliaving ajsupplv port, a rotatable member having a lurality of .chamberseach of Whichiis provi ed with an vinlet adapted to register With said port of the supply conduit and an outlet, an inner circu ar roW- of blades arranged to be actedv on by the pressure medium issuing from said outlets, a circular row of rotatable intermediate blades arranged `to be acted on by the ressure medium after the same leaves the inner blades, a circular row of outer blades rotatable with said inner bladesand arranged to be acted on by the pressure medium as ,the same leaves the intermediate blades and gearing operatively connecting said blades and of in the'saniewlirection. l, 'l

10. A turbine engine comprising a pres# constructed-itc transmit themovenient theresure medium supply conduit having asu'pplyT port, a rotatablerineinber having a plurality of chambers each of which is provided with an inlet adapted to register with said port of the supply conduit and an outlet, an inner circular row of blades arranged to be -acted on by the pressure medium issuing from said outlets, a circula-1' row of rotatable intermediate blades arranged to be acted on by the pressure medium after the same leaves the inner blades,A a circular row of outer blades rotatable withI said inner blades and arranged to be acted on by the pressure medium as the same leavesthe intermediate blades,` a circular roW of stationary blades arranged to be vacted bn by the pressure ine-v vdium after the same leavesl the Vouter blades,

and a casing inclosing said blades and having an exhaust.

11. A turbine engine comprising an arbor having a su ply conduit fora pressure niedium and aliaterally opening supply port, a wheel rotatable about said arbor and having yan annular row'of chambers, individual inlets for said chambers arranged in the hub of said Wheel and 'adapted toV register sucees sively With said port and individual outlets e at the eriphery of said'wheel, and blades arrange to be engaged by the pressure medium issuing from said outlets.l

`12. Aturbine engine comprising an arbor having a su ply conduit for a pressure medium and arlaterally opening 'supply ort, a IWheel' rotatable about said arbor and aving an annular row of chambers, individual inlets for said chambers arranged in the hub of said Wheel vand adapted to register successively with said port, a plurality of recesses in its eriphery, and a socket extending from each c .amber to one of said recesses, a nozzle arranged in each socket and having a tangential outlet opening at its outer end Within the respective recess, and a circular row of blades arranged'to be engaged by the pressure medium issuing 'from said outletl openin s.

' gl.l A turbine engine comprising an arbor havinga su ply conduit for .a pressure medium and a aterally openingsupply port, a Wheel rotatable about said arbor and composedof two separated disks, a hub' connecting 'said disks and provided with a plurality of inlet openings which are adapted to register successively with the supply port, an annular rinrconnecting said disks and provided with a plurality of outlets and a plurality offradial ribs connecting said fdisk's, huh and' rim and forming with the saine a plurality of chambers each of which is provided wth one of said inlets and oneof said outlets, and said ribs,jr1my and hub being formed on"one of said disks and engaging with the other disk7 and a circular row of blades arranged to bei-engaged by theV pressure medium issuing from said outlets 'provided with a circular row of chambers,

the hub of said Wheel and thehollow portion of saidshaft being provided with coinciding pairs of openings forming inlets forv lsaid chambers, respectively, which are adapted to register suocessively With said supply port, an -outlet nozzle for each chamber'arranged at the peri hery of said Wheel, and a circular row ol bla( es arranged to be engaged by the pressure medium issuing from the nozzles.,

1L. A turbine engine comprising a'pressure medium su pl r conduit' having a port, a reaction Whee having a circular row of chambers, inlets at the inner ends of said chambers ada ted to regis-ter successively with said supply port and outlets at the outer ends of said chambers, and an impulse Wheel provided with a-circular-row f blades arranged to receive the impact of the pressure medium issuing from said outlets.

16. A turbine engine comprising a pressure medium sup ly conduit having a port, a reaction Wheel. aving a circular roW of chambers, inlets at the innerl ends of said chambers adapted to register successively with said supply port, and outlets at the outer ends of said chambers, an impulse Wheel provided With a circular row of lblades around said outlets, and a circular row-of blades mounted on the reaction Wheel and arranged around said blades of the reaction Wheel.

17.*,A turbine engine comprising a pressure medium supply conduit having a port, a reaction Wheel having a circular row of chambers, inlets at theinner ends of said chambers adapt-ed to register successively with said supply port and outlets at the outer ends of said chambers, an impulse `ranged on the im ulse wheel around said outlets, an interme(v iate circular row of blades arranged on the reaction-Wheel around the inn'erblades, and an outer circular row of blades arranged on the impulse Wheel around the intermediate blades.

18. A turbine engine comprising a pressure medium supply conduit having a port, a reaction\wheel having 'acircular row of chambers, inletsat the inner 'ends el1 said chambers adapted to register successively With said supply. port `and outlets at the outer ends of said chambers, an impulse 4Wheel, an inner circular row of blades arranged` on the impulse Wheel around said blades arranged on -the reaction Wheel around the mner blades, an outer circular row of the intermediate blades, a circularrow o t stationary blades arranged around said outer blades,` and a casing inclosing said Wheels and blades and having an exhaust.

Witness my hand this 23rd day of December, -190v7.

CHARLES A. STURTEVANT.

Witnesses:

SANDroRD G. RoBINsoN, ARCHIBALD' COLE.

u flieel, an inner circular' row of blades ar.

outlets, an intermediate circular row ofV blades arranged on the impulse Wheel around

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