USRE20463E - Educational test device - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 3, 1937. J. E. svEDA ET AL R- 20,463

' EDUCATIONAL TEST DEVICE original Filed' April 1.. 19:55 5 sheets-.shea 1 Y 3 f 40 '1 VENTOR Aug. 3, .1937. J. E svEDA ET AL Re- 205463 EDUCATIONAL "iEsT DEVICE Original'Filed AprilAl, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ngi ngo' LT-r Aug. 3, 193 7.

3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Ressued Aug. 3,t 1937 EDUCATIONAL TEST DEVICE Joseph E. Sveda, Wallington, N. J., and Herbert G. Lehmann, Bridgeport, Conn.

Original No. 2,648,976, dated July 28,- 1936, Serial No. 14,070, April .1, 1935. Application for reissue April 14, 1937, Serial No. 136,8 16

40 Claims.

This invention relates to means for making and tallying quizzes, tests, examinations, and the An Vobject of this invention is to provide means 5 whereby sheets, onwhich students and others may indicate answers to -questions propounded. are automatically and in quick succession, scanned or checked one after another and the l number of correct and incorrect answers inlO dicated on the examination sheet added and imprinted on said sheet, so that the examiner, as well as the student, may know the rating of the latter.

Another object of the invention is to provide means whereby, if more than one answer isgiven to any question which requires but one answer, operation of thecorrect answer totalizer is prevented for this question, regardless of whether one ofthe answers given is correct, or not.

Heretofore it has been proposed many times to provide an examination sheet with designated places to be punched through by the student to indicate, for instance, his choice of alternative suggested answers or true or false answers, but in the use of. these the punched holes were visually checked and mentally added by the teacher, and this required a great deal` of time on the part of the teacher or his assistant.

According to this invention, it is merely necessary for the teacher to collect the test papers punched through by the student and pass them one at atime through a machine in which the test sheet is automatically scanned and the resuits of the scanning imprinted on the test sheet itself as the latter passes through the machine.

In the form of the invention herein disclosed, both the correct and incorrect answers are itotalized, except' when two answers to a single question are indicated, in which case if one be 40 correct and the other incorrect, only the incorrect same place cngth'e students examination sheet,

but the students would umm/aten discover this sameness, in the positims of the correct answer 50 punch holes with the result that examination sheets would not indicate whether or not the students knew the correct answers to the questions propounded.

To avoid this, the present invention provides yremovable and replaceable key sheets for the (cl. 35e-4s) machine with which an innite variety of correct answer patterns may be had, thereby making it impossible for the student to know the pattern made by the correct answer punch holes. In fact, according to this invention, a key sheet may be prepared for each examination, if desired.

The machine of this invention includes means for feeding a key sheet" and an examination sheet past a scanning point at which there is located a plurality of feelers, one for each prepared answer to a question.

In the form of the invention shown, these feelers are electric contacts, and the examination sheet forms an insulatorl between the contact lingers and a contact surface on the feeding means and a vmetallic key sheet carried thereby. The metallic key sheet has apertures which align with correct answer punch-holes in the students sheet, and when the latter is correctly punched the contact finger electrically engages the drum and closes a circuit through a solenoid actuating a correct answer counter. If a punched hole in the examination sheet does notl align with a correct answer aperture in the key sheet, the contact finger engages the key sheet and closes a circuit through a solenoid which actuates an incorrect answer counter. Should there be two punch holes in a single line, one correct lancl one incorrect, through a relay and a slower acting solenoid for the correct answer counter, only the solenoid for the incor rect answer counter will operate.

After the examination sheet has been scanned, the totalizers which preferably have printing wheels are brought into engagement with the examination sheet to print the number of. correct and incorrect answers.

The continued operation ofthe machine returns the totalizers to-zero and then picks up and advances the next students sheet.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure l is an end View of the" device of tthe' present inve-ntion with part of the table shown in section to more clearly illustrate some of the parts.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the feeding drum showing part of the table in section, the parts being shownin the positions they assume during the scanning of the students test sheet.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but shows the parts in the positions they assume just before the test sheet begins to feed.

Fig. 4 is a similar view, showing the parts in f the positions they assume during the printing of the totals on the test sheet.

' Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through the feeding drum and table, showing the contacts for operating the counting mechanism on line 5-5 of Figs. 6 and 9.

Fig. 6 is a top plan view of part of' the drum and part of'the frame, and showing the registering mechanism.

Fig. 'lis a plan view of the students sheet.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the key sheet.

Fig. 9 is a top view partly broken-away of one end of the drum, on an enlarged scale, showing the' counting and registering device;

Fig. 10 ls a vertical Ysection on line Ill-I0, of

Fig.. 9.

Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the electrical con- Y nections between they-various parts.l

As shown inthe accompanying drawings, the device of the present invention comprises a table I0 mounted on legs Il and having brackets I2 on which there is rotatably mounted a shaft I3 carrying al drum I4 which is insulated from the shaft by insulating bushings I5. The drum is so located that the table I0 is substantiall tangential to thesurface of the drum I0.

- Around the periphery of the drum there are provided feeding pins I G adapted to extend through slots I1 in the table, and these pins engage feeding apertures I8 in a students sheet I9, so that when the students sheet is inserted between the drum and the table and the drum is rotated, the pins I6 will engage the apertures I8 and advance the students sheet I9 horizontally along the table. For the purpose of facilitating the introduction and guiding ofthe students sheet, the table at the intake or receiving side pointed out, the table is provided with an end gage 24 normally in the path of the students sheet and adapted to 'engage the leading edge 25 thereof when slid on'.the table toward the drum. When in this position, the pins I6 do not engage the students sheet I9 because the lateral margins of the students sheet in which the apertures I8 are located are cut out at the leading end of the sheet I9 as indicated at 26. When the students sheet is against the end gage 24, a pair of auxiliary apertures 21 adjacent the leading margin of the students sheet are located in position to be engaged by long pins 28 located on the drum in alignment with the apertures. When the drum is revolved to what may be termed starting position, the pins 28 enter the apertures 21 and, engaging the leading edges thereof, advance the students sheet I5 so that pins I5 at each side of the drum may engage the lrst apertures I8 on the students sheet. To permit advancement of the students sheet at thistime, the end gage 24 is depressed and rendered inoperative by a cam 29 (see Fig. 5) carried by the drum. 'I'he cam `is elongated so as to hold the end gage 24 down long enough to permit the leading edge 25 of the students sheet permitted to rise it will press against the underside of the students sheet and tend to hold it against the drum, the end stop 24 being in theform of a leaf spring as shown in the accompanying drawings.

'I'he continued rotation of the drum I4 causes the students sheet I9 to be advanced over the table in exact coordination with the movement of the drum so that successive portions of the students sheet are brought into contact with the drum. Y

The drum may be rotated by hand by means of a handle (not shown), or by means of a motor 3l -secured to the lunderside of the table III and having a belt 32 connecting the pulley on the motor with a pulley 33 on the shaft I3vof the drum.

As above stated, the device of the present invention is intended to register and record the number of correct and incorrect answers indicated on a students sheet, such as the sheet I9, in response to true and false answer questions, or questions of the kind in which the correct one of several statements made is to be indicated. e

The following is an example of these two kinds of test questions:

Q1. True or false-Trenton is the capital of New York.

Q2. A man is 'able to swim more easily in s'ea water than in fresh water, because (A) sea water is more invigorating, (B) the color of sea Water is green, (C) sea Water is denser, (D) sea water is colder.

In order that answers to these questions mayv be indicated by the student to be registered and recorded by the machine of the. present invention, the present invention provides the students sheet I9 shown in Fig. 'II This students sheet is provided with a heading 34 having designated spaces to receive the date, the students name,

`the subject, and other data desired.

Between the ,apertured feeding margins 22, the students sheet has, at longitudinally spaced points, rows of circles 35 formed by indentations or perforations so that when a pointed instru-- ment is applied to a circle, the disk defined by the circlemay be pushed through, leaving a hole or aperture. punch holes are provided with numeral designations 36 corresponding to the number of the question propounded, there being .10 questions on the students sheet illustrated in Fig. '7. Trans- Versely of the students sheet, the rows of weak- For inl ening circles have suitable headings. stance, the' rst row is provided with a designation Tand indicates that if the answer to the rst question for instance is true, the disk designated l-T will be punched through by the student. The second transverse row is provided with the designation F, which indicates that the disks in this row are to be punched through if the student .decides that the answer to a question, such as the Question 1 above given, is false. The other rows are marked A, B, C and D, and are employed when the question is of the type of Question 2` above given, where the student must select the proper conclusion to the. statement.

In lconnectionl with the above example, the student, correctly answering the questions, would punch through the disk under the column F" in Question 1, and under the column C in ques- The 'rows of weakening circles or automatically andin quick succession, rapidly According to the invention as at present preferred, the students sheet I9 is scanned electrically, as it moves through the machine. For` this purpose, there i"s` provided on the underside of the' table I0, inthe form of the invention shown herein, a plurality'of spring contact ng'ers 31, the ends of which are located approximately at the point of tangency of the table to the drum.

There is one contact 31 for each longitudinal `row of punch holes 35, and the ends of the contacts 31 are made small enough to pass through the punched-out holes 35 and engage something above the surface of the students sheet to close the electrical circuits in a manner hereinafter pointed out. All the contact ngers 31 are mounted on a rocker 38 mounted on a shaft 39 and having an arm 40 pressed downwardly by a spring 4I so as to normally urge the contact fingers upwardly toward the drum.

Since it is only necessary to have the contact .ngers urged upwardly during the time that the 'portion of the students sheet from line I to line I 0, both inclusive, passes the point of tangency of the drum with the table, and since to have 40 them urged upwardly at any other time would cause mechanical and electrical difficulties, the

shaft 39 on which the rocker 38 is secured is provided with an arm 42 having a roller 43 in position to be engaged by a cam 44 on one side of the drum so as to swing the contact fingers 31 downwardly to the position shown in Fig. 3 from that shown in Fig. 2 after the terminal lines of punch holes on the students sheet have passed beyond the range of the contact fingers.

In the yform of the invention herein disclosed, the Contact fingers 31 may, when the correct hole 35 is punched through, extend upwardly through the punched hole in the students sheet and electrically engage the'feeding drum which,-

for this purpose, is preferably made of metal and close a. circuit through a solenoid 45 mounted within the drum on a cross bar 46 secured to the sides of the drum by brackets 41. 'Ihs solenoid 45 operates a counter or registering mechanism 45a each time it is energized.

To prevent a contact 31 fromy engaging the drum when the wrong hole is punched in the students sheet, there is provided on the drum an insulating sheet 48 shown in Fig. 8. This insulat- T ing sheet has its lateral margins 49 provided with pin-engaging apertures 50 to fit over' the pins I6 on the drum, and is thus held on the drum against movement relative thereto. The ends of the insulating sheet 48 have tabs 5I provided with holes' to `receive screws 52 carried by inwardly extending cheeks 53 on the drum which,

as will be seen from Figs. 5 and 10, is'open for .about a quarter of its circumference. To place the insulating sheet 48 or?v the drum, the screws 52 withthe clamping bars 54 are removed, the

sheet 48 is placed around the drum on the pins I6 with apertures 55 in the tabs 5I aligning with apertures in the cheeks 53. Then the clamping bars 54 are replaced and the screws 52 adjusted to hold the clamping bar irmly against the tabs 5|.

In order that the contacts 31 entering punched out holes 35 tor correct answersr may reach the drum, the insulating sheet 48 is provided with apertures 56. These apertures are placed in the insulating sheet by theiinstructor according to a predetermined plan depending upon the correct answers to the questions, and the instructor may prepare the key sheet 48 in advance and then arrange the questions'accordingly, or the questions may be arranged `and then the key sheet punched out, or apertured, according to which answers to the respective questions are the correct ones.

To facilitate this, the key sheet is ruled off to provide longitudinal and transverse lines, the transverse lines being provided with numerals corresponding with the number of questions and the horizontal lines being designated like the rows of weakened circles 35 in the students sheet I9. Thus, considering the two questions above given, in preparing the key sheet the instructor punches out the aperture 56 on line I under the heading F, for the statement in the first question is false On the second line, the instructor punches out the aperture 56 under the heading C, for the part C" of the statementJ of 'the test If the key sheet 48 merely permitted the con- I tacts 31 to extend through the holes for the correct answers, only the number of correct answers could be registered, and hence, if the student punched through all the holes 35 in the students sheet, the machine would register and record ten correct answers, in spite of the fact that each of the answers would be wrong because more than one answer was given to each question. To avoid this, the present invention not only registers and records the correct answers, but also does so with respect to the incorrect answers.

AFor this purpose, vthe, key sheet 48 is provided with a thin metal strip 51 secured to it in any suitable manner as 'oy-pasting or cementing the metal sheet 51 to thekey sheet 48. The metal or conducting portion 51 of the l-rey sheet is connected through the clamping bar to a solenoid 58 carried within the drum on the cross` bar 46 and operating the registering and recording mechanism 58d `for counting. the incorrect answers. Hence, when a contact 31 enters a punched hole 35 in the students sheet which designates an incorrect answer, it does not reach the drum but is intercepted by the key sheet 48 and makes electrical contact with the metal portion 51 thereof to close the circuit through the solenoid 58 for the incorrect answer register 58a.

However, when the contact extends through a correct punched hole 35 in the students sheet,

itpasses thru thev hole 56 in the insulating and conducting portionsl of the'key sheet 48,'engages the holes 56 being, as shown, punched through the insulating as well asthe conducting portions 5 of the key sheet, and the hole 56, being substantially larger than the punched hole 35, the contact 31 passing through the hole 35 does not, engage the margin of the hole 56.

While the correct answer pattern of the key sheet 48 may be the same for a number of different examinations held at the same time, it'is preferable that a number. of different keysheets be employed so that the students will not become familiar' with the pattern formed by the correct answer punched holes and thus defeat the purpose of the examination. ,f Accordingly, the 1'ey sheet 48 is removably supported on'the drum so that it may be changed from time to time and different `patterns of c 'orrect answers be employed.

By the present invention" the totals of correct and incorrect answers of the registers are printedk on the student sheet. as the latter moves through the machine, and after the scanning of the sheet has been completed.

The registering and recording mechanisms 45a and 58a for the correct and incorrect answers are the same, and, therefore, the description as to one of them will suffice for the other.

The amature 59 for each solenoid is connected by a link 60 to a ratchet arm vII ,pivotally mounted ona shaft 62 so that when theratchet arm is vibrated a pawl 63 carried thereby will engage a ratchet 64 connected to the units wheel 65 of\ the register, (see` Figs. 9 and 10). When the units wheel 65 completes one revolution, through a carry-over mechanism diagrammatically illus-A trated at 66, the tens wheel 61 is operated one step, the wheels being held in adjusted position by 40' detents 68. On the surface of the wheels 65 and 61 vthere is provided raised numerals 69 constituting types and rolling in contact with these numerals in an inking roller 10 supplying ink) t0 the raised numerals 69.

The numeral wheels 65 and 61 are so mounted within the outlines of the drum that at the end of the scanning operation during which the register is operated, the raised numerals 69 will be brought into contact with the students sheet so, 50 as to print the number recorded on the registers. As shown in Fig. 1, the numeral 6" has been printed after the word right, and the numeral 4 has been printed after the word Wrong". It will be noted that the printing 55 wheels are. so disposed on the drum laterally thereof that the printing takes place between the rows of apertures, the students sheet being supported by the portions of the table between the slots through which the contact fingers 31 60 extend. ff v 'Ihus it will be seen that the presentinvention has provideda. machine for scoring a student sheet and for printing said scores on the sheet,

. Val1 as the latter is being automatically passed 65 with a continuous movement through said machine.

After printing the results of the counting on the students sheet, theregisters are -returned to zero preparatory to the scanning of the next 70 students sheet. This is done by suitable zerosetting mechanism including notches provided in the shaft 62 and pawls carried by the register and brought to a definite predetermined position,

-i. e., zero position. Any suitable zero-setting mechanism may be employed.

For doing this automatically, the shaft 62 is extended through the casing at one side where it is provided with a gear 1I in positionto engage a rack 12 carried bythe adjacent support I2. In f Fig. 4, the 4dial wheels or counters 65 and 61 are in positionl to -print the totals on the students sheet. Upon further movement of the drum, the

dials are carried out of contact with the students sheet and the zero-setting gear 1I engages the rack 12 and this continues until the shaft has been given the necessary amount of rotation to bring all of the counters to zero position. During the time that the portion of the drum containing the register. mechanism is adjacent the table, the contact fingers 31 are held depressed as shown in Fig. 4, 'and they remain depressed until the students sheet is picked up and advanced. In returning the counters to zero, both the units and the tens wheel is rotated', and thusy it is assured that all of the printing surfaces, that is to say, all of the numerals on the counters, will be coated with ink and ready to print.

'Ihe zero-setting mechanism is provided with a ratchet 13 and a. back check pawl 14 to pre- Vent it from rotating in reverse direction, and,

likewise, the shaft I3 is provided with a ratchet wheel 15 engaged by a back-check paWl-15a. l

If a student punches through more than one punch hole 35 at one line, as shown on line 6 in Fig. 7, and one of them is the correct one, the answer would not be entitled to be marked correct, because vthe questions are so arranged that there can vbe only one right answer. Unless means are provided to prevent it, the machine woul'd register under such conditions o-ne right and one wrong answer, and if each question were answered, the total shown on the dials 65 and 61 would be greater than the number oi.'

questions asked, and the true rating of the students sheet would be impossible.

To avoid this simultaneous operation of the correct and incorrect counters, the present invention provides means under the control of the circuits energized by a contact 31 extending through an incorrect punched hole 35 for rendering the solenoid 45 for the correct answer counter inoperative. is done in the embodiment f this inventionillustrated herein by providing a contactor or cut-out 16 in series with the Wrong counter solenoid 58 and .making the solenoid 45` for the right counter slow-acting. With this provision, if the circuits for the right and wrong soienoids are energized together, before the right solenoid 45 begins to act the cut-out 16 will operate to open the circuit to the xsolenoid 45 and the latter will not operate.

Of course, any suitable electrical connections may be made between the various parts of the device. However, the arrangement at present preferred isV diagrammatically illustrated in Fig.

As shown. the contact fingers 31 are connected by a wire 11 to a source of current 18, and this is connected 'by a wire 19 so that current flows to thel shaft I3 from which .the drum I4 is insulated. The wrong -solenoid 58 has .one side connected by a wire 88 to the metal portion 51 of the key sheet 48, vwhile its other side is connected by a wire BI to theA winding 82 of the cutf'out or contactor 16. 'I'he other side of the latter is connectd by a wire 83 to the shaft I3.

The right solenoid 45 is connected at one vside by a wire '84 to the 'drum I4. while at the v the circuit leading to thefright solenoid.

Thus, when a contact iinger 31 engages through a punch hole 36 aligned 'with an aperture 56 in the key sheet 46, current will flow from the drum through the wire 84, solenoid 45, contact 86, circuit closer 81, contact 56, wire 63, shaft I3, wire 19, back to the battery 1B, provided no other contact finger at the same time engages the metal portion 51 of the key sheet. If this latter should occur, however, current will ilow as above stated through the -right" solenoid but will also flowv from the metal portion 51 of the key sheet, wire 80, wrong solenoid 53, contacter 16, wire 83,

electromagnet 16 is energized, the circuit including the contacts B6 and 86 and the "right" solenoid is opened, and only the' "wrong solenoid cacts to advance its associated counting dials one step.

It should be understood, of .course,.that the solenoid 45, even though'slow-acting, is for all practical purposes instantaneous in its operation, and that both solenoids are designed to operate during the closing of the' circuits leading to them respectively, regardless vof ordinaryl variations in the speed at which the drum is rotated.

As shown in Figs. l0 and 11, the cut-out 161s mounted within the drum I4. Since the counters are also mounted in the drum, only a single electrical connection between the drum and the table (and that through the shaft) is needed in addition to the contacts 31 to operate the electromagnets and cut-out.

As will be observed from Fig. '7, the counters are arranged to print between the longitudinal rows or punch holes 35, and thus, in the printing operation, the students sheet is supported directly under the printing wheels by the portion of the table remaining between theslots through which means actuated by feelers when the latter enter correct answer punch-holes for operating saidl sheet over answerpunch-holes, whether correct or incorrect; an incorrect answer counter; and' means actuated by feelers when the latter enter incorrect answer punch-holes for operating said incorrect answer counter.

75 3. A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having punched holes indi-l cating a students choice of answers, comprising; a row of feelers; feeding means for causing said row of feelers to traverse a punched examination sheet over answer punch-holes, whether correct or incorrect; a correct answer counter; means actuated by feelers when the latter enter correct answer punch-holes for operating said vcorrect answer counter; an incorrect answer counter; and meansactuated by feelers when the latter enter incorrect answer punch-holes for operating the incorrect answer counter. Y

4. A'machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having punched holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising; a row of feelers; feeding means for causing said row of feelers to traverse a punched examination sheet over answer punch-holes, whether correct or incorrect; a correct answer counter; means actuated by feelers when the latter enter correct answer punch-holes for operating said correct answer counter; an incorrect answer counter; means actuated by feelers when the latter enter incorrect answer punch-holes for operating the incorrect answer counter; and means actuated by a feeler entering an incorrect answer punchhole for preventing operation of the correct answer counterby another feeler simultaneously entering a correct answer -punch-hole.

5. A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having punched holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising; a ro of feelers; feeding means for causing said row f feelers to traverse a punched examination sheet over answer punch-holes, whether correct or incorrect; a backing member for said examination sheet; a. correct answer counter; and

means actuated by a feeler entering a correct answer punch-hole and engaging said backing member rfor operating said correct answer counter.

6. A machine for scanning `and totalizing examination sheets having punched holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising; a row of feelers; feeding means for causing said row of feelers to traverse a punched examination sheet over answer punch-holes, whether correct or incorrect; a member lying adjacent said ex-` amination sheet as itis traversed by said feelersA and having apertures aligning with correct answer punch-holes; an incorrect answer counter; and means actuated by feelers entering incorrect answer punch-holes Vand engaging said member v for operating said incorrect answer counter.

7.A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets `having punched holes indil cating a students choice of answers, comprising; a row of feelers; feeding means for causing said row of feelers to traverse a-punched examination sheet over answer punch-holes, whether correct or incorrect; a backing member :Ior said examination sheet; a correct lanswer counter; means actuated by feelers entering correct answer punch-holes and engaging 'said backing member for operating said correct answer counter; a member interposed betweensaid backing member and said examination sheet andhaving aper-j tures aligning with correct answer punch-holes; an incorrect answer counter; and means actuated by feelers .entering incorrect answer punchholes and engaging said interposed member for operating said incorrect answer counter.

8. 'I'he invention as defined in claim 3, in whichfthe means actuated"by feelers entering correct answer punch-holes includes an electric circuit closed by a feeler entering a correct answer punch-hole, an electromagnet energized in said circuit, and a pawl and ratchet mechanism operated by the electromagnet and operating said 5 correct answer counter, and in which the means actuated by feelers entering incorrect answer punch-holes includes an electric circuit closed by a feeler entering an incorrect answer punch-hole, an electromagnet energized in said circuit, and a i pawl and ratchet mechanism operated by the f electromagnet and operating-said incorrect answer counter.

9. The invention as defined in claim 4, in which the means actuated by feelers entering correct ly answer punch-holes includes an electric circuit closed by` a ieeler entering` a correct answer punch-hole', an electromagnet energized in` said circuit, and a pawl and ratchet mechanism operated by the electromagnet and operating said correct "answer counter, and in which the means vactuated by feelers entering incorrect answer punch-holes includes an electric circuit closed by a feeler entering an incorrect answer punchhole, an electromagnet energized in said circuit, and a pawl and ratchet mechanism operated by the electromagnet and operating said incorrect -answer counter; and also in which the electromagnet for the correct answer counter is slowacting and in which the means for preventing concurrent operation of the two counters includes a relay provided to open the circuit leading to the electromagnet for the correct answer counter. v

10. The invention as defined in claim 7, in

35. vwhich the feelers are electrical contacts, and in` which the means for operating the correct answer` counter includes an electrical circuit connected to said backing member, an electromagnet energized in said circuit, and a pawl and ratchet mechanism operated by said elctromagnet and operating said correct answer counter, and also in which the means for actuating said incorrect answer counter includes an electric circuit connected to said interposed member, an electromagnet energized in said circuit, and a pawl and ratchet mechanism operated by said electromagnet and operating said incorrect answer counter.

l1. A machine for scanning and totalizing 'examination sheets having punched holes indicating a' students choice of answers and having mar,

ginal pin-engaging feeding apertures, comprisn ing; a table; a drum having pins thereon to engage the feeding apertures in the students sheet to move the 'latter past a point of operation on the table; a row of feelers mounted on the table to .engage the examination sheet as it is advanced by said/drum, said feelers beingv adapted to enter holes punched in the examination sheet by the student; a countermonnted on the drum; and means including 'an/electric circuit I closed as a result of a feeler passing through a I punched hole in the students sheet for operating said counter. l l2. A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having puched holes indicating a studentsv choice of answers 'and having marginal pin-engaging feeding apertures,` com-y prising; a table; a drum having pins thereon to engage the feeding apertures in the students sheet to move the laf-ter past a point of operation on the table; a row yof feelers mounted on y the table to engage the examination sheet as it Als advanced by said drum, said feelers being adapted to enter holes punched in the examina,-

tion sheet by the student; a counter mounted on the drum; a key sheet carried by the drum to be interposed between the surface of the drum and the examination sheet; and means including an electric circuit closed by one of said feelers contacting said key sheet through a punched hole in last-named means inoperative and moving `the ,examination sheet imposition to be engagedby said feeding pins.

14. Ina machine for scanning and totalizing examinationA sheets having designations,A thereon indicating a `students choice of 'answers and having marginal' pin-engaging feeding apertures; a table; a drum having pins thereon to engage the feeding apertures'in V.the students sheet to move the latter past a point of operation on the table; means for normally holding the leading edge of an examination Ysheet being brought into contact with said feeding pins on tbe drum; and means carried by the drum for rendering the last-named means inoperative to permit the advancement of the students sheet at a predetermined point in therotation of the drum.

l5.. A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having punched holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising; a counter; means to actuate said counter including means traversing the punched examination sheet and engaging holes punched in the examination sheet; and means for printing the totals accumulated in said counter -on the examination sheet while it is still being traversed, and after said. examination sheet has been scanned.

16. A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having punched holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising; a counter; means to actuate said counter including means traversing the punched examination sheet and engaging holes punched in the examination sheet; means for printing the totals accumulated in said counter on the examination sheet while it is still being traversed and after said examination sheet has been scanned; and means for automatically returning said. counter to zero position after the total is printed on the examination-sheet being scanned and before the scanning ofthe next examination sheet begins.

1'?. A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having punched holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising; a correct answer counter; an incorrect answer counter; means to actuate said counters including means traversing the punched examination sheet and engaging holes punched in the examination sheet; and means for printing the totals accumulated in said counters on the examination sheet while it is still being traversed, and after the examination sheet hasbeen scanned.

18. A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having punched holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising; a

tion sheet; a member interposed between saidbacking member and said examination sheet and having apertures aligning with those of a correctly answered and punched examination sheet;

a correct answer counter; and means actuated yby feelers entering correct answer punch-holes and engaging said backing member through apertures in said-interposed member for operating said correct answer counter.

19. A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having punched holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising; a setA of feelers; feeding means for causing said set of feelers to traverse a punched examination sheetl over answer punch-holes, whether correct or incorrect; a correct answer counter; vmeans actuated by feelers when the latter enter correct answer punch-holes for operating said correct answer counter; and means actuated by a feeler when the latter enters an incorrect answer punchhole for preventing operation of the correct answer counter by another feeler simultaneously entering a correct answer punch-hole.

20. A machine for scanningand totalizing examination sheets having punchedholes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising; a set of feelers; feeding means for causing said set of feelers to traverse the punched examination sheet over answer punch-holes, whether correct or incorrect; a backing member lfor said examination sheet; amember interposed between saidY backing member and said examination sheet and having apertures' aligning with those of a correctly answered and punched examination sheet;

an lanswery integrator; -and means actuated by said feelers entering both correct and incorrect answer punch holes and acting on said backing menber and interposed member for operating said answer integrator.

2l. A machine for scanning and totalizing .ex--

amination sheets having punched'holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising; a set of feelers; means for causing the examination sheet'to travel relative to said feelers; a counter;

means for actuating said counter and means for printing the total accumulated in said counter on the examination sheet during the movement of said sheet, after'it has been scanned.

22. A machine for grading and marking examination sheets passed therethrough, said sheets -having punched holes indicating a students v -the counter on said sheet.

- 23. A machine for grading and markingr examination sheets vpassed therethrough, said sheets having punched holes indicating a students choiceof answers, comprising a counter; means, including a scanning means `traversed by the sheet in its movement and actuated by .engagement with the holes in said sheet, for advancing the vcounter in response to movement of the punched'holes of the sheet past the scanning means; means for feeding the sheet through the machine past said scanning means; printing means automatically periodically operative with said feeding means for impressing the totals accumulated in the counter on said sheet; and' means automatically periodically operative with saidrfeeding means for returning the counter to zero position after the total is printed on the cxamination sheet. y

24. A machine for grading and marking examination sheets passed therethrough, said sheet having punched holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising a correct answer counter; an incorrect answer counter; means including a scanning means traversed by the sheet in its movement and actuated by engagement with the holes in said sheet, for advancing the counters in response to movement of the punched holes of the -sheet past the scanning means; means for feeding the sheet through the machine past said scanning means; and printing means automatically periodically operative with said feeding means for impressing the totals accumulated in the counter on said sheet.

l25. 'I'he invention as defined in claim 22, in which the means for feeding the sheet includes a drumengaging said sheet.

26.A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having punched holes indicating a.students choice of answers, comprising a row of feelers; feeding means forl causing said rc'w o'f feelers to traverse a punched examination sheet over answer punch-holes, 'whether correct or incorrect, said means including a backing member for said examination sheet; a correct answer counter; and means actuated by a' -feeler enering a correct answer punch-hole and engaging said backing member for operating said correct answer counter.

27. A machine for scanning and totalizing examination sheets having -punched holes indicating a students choice `pf answers, comprising a row of feelers; feeding means for causing said row of feelers to traverse a punched examination sheet over answer punch-holes, whether correct or incorrect; a cylinder engaging' the examination sheet during traversing of the feelers over the sheet; a correct answer counter; and means actuated by a feeler entering a correct answer punch-hole and engaging said cylinder for op erating said correct answer counter. w

28. A machine for scanning and totalizing ex amination sheetshaving punched holes indicating a students choice of answers, comprising a row of'feelers; feeding means for causing said row of feelers to traverse a punched examination sheet over answer punch-holes, whether correct or incorrect; a backing member for the examina-y tion sheet having a surface substantially equal to the total punch-hole area of said sheet; a correct answerl counter;l and means actuated by a feeler entering a correct answer punch-'hole and engaging said backing member for operating said correct answer counter. Y

29. .A test scoring machine for examination sheets having designations selectively placed thereon and accordingto the position placed representing answers to questions, comprising a base; feeding means i'or` moving an examination sheet relatively to the base past a given point; sheet scanning means carried by the base, responding to the designations on said sheets; an accumulator; and means for operating said accumulator from the responses of the sheet scanning means to correct answer designations, to total 'the score of answers on the sheet. e

30. AV test scoring machine for examination CII sheets having designations selectively placed wthereon and according to the position placed representing answers to questions, comprising a base; feeding means for moving an examination sheet relatively to the base past a given point;

sheet scanning means carried by the base, re-

sponding to the designations Aon said sheets; an

accumulator; means for operating said accumulator from the responses of the sheet scanning means to correct answer designations, to total the score of answers on the sheet; and means controlled by said accumulator forr'printing the score totaled lthereon on the sheet as it .is fed through the machine.

3l. A test scoring machine for examination sheets having designations selectively placed thereon and according to the position placed representing answers to questions, comprising a the score is printed on the examination sheet beingscanned, and before the scanning of the next examination sheet begins. l

32. A test scoring machine for examination sheets having designations selectively placed j thereon and according to the position placed representing correct and yincorrect answers to questions, comprising a correct-answer accumulator; means for operating said accumulator according to the correct-answer designations on said sheets, including sheet scanning means responding to said designations; means for feeding sheets relatively to the scanning means; and means for pre-A venting operation of said accumulator when designations representing both a correct answer and an incorrect answer to any one question are scanned by the scanning means.

33. A `test scoring machine for examination sheets having designations selectively placed thereon and according to the position placed representing correct and incorrect answers to questions; comprising a correct-answer accumulator;

an incorrect-'answer accumulator; means forv operating said accumulators selectively` 'according' to the correct-answer and incorrect-answer desv ignations on the sheets, including sheet scanning means responding to said designations; means for feeding the sheets relatively to the scanning means; and means forpreventing operation of the correct-answer accumulator when designations, representing both an incorrect answer and a correct answer to any one question, are

scanned by the scanning means.

34. A test scoring machine for examination sheets having designations selectively placed thereon and according to the position placed representing correct and incorrect answers toquestions, comprising a correct-answer accumulator;

an incorrect-answer accumulator; means for operating -said accumulators selectively according to the 'correct-answer and incorrect-answer designations on the sheets, including sheet scanning mean `responding to said designations; means for fe ding the sheets relatively to the scanning means; means for preventing operation of the correct-answer accumulator when designations, representing both an incorrect answer and a correct answer to any one question, are scanned by the scanning means; and means controlled by said accumulatore for printing the score totaled thereon on the sheet as itis fed through the machine.

correct-answer designation is scanned by thel scanning means.

36. A machine for scoring examination sheets I passed therethrough .having designations selectively placed thereon'and according to the position placed representing answers to questions,

and for printing the scores of said sheets thereon, comprising a base; feeding means for moving a sheet relatively to the base, including a drum rotatably mounted on the base and adapted to engage the' sheet; an accumulator carried by the drum: means .for operating said accumulator according to the designations on said sheets; and means carried by the drum for printing the scores totaled on the accumulator, on the examination sheet during the movement of the sheet.

37. A machine for scoring examination sheets passed therethrough having designations selectively placed thereon and according to the position placed representing answers to questions, and for printing the scores of said sheets thereon, comprising an accumulator; means `i'or operating said accumulator, including sheet scanning means vresponding to said designations; feeding means tions, a cylindrical member adapted to turn with advancement of the sheets; a master pattern carried by'said member and arranged to correspond to the designations of a; correctly answered examination'sheet; and means on'saidl member for engaging an examination sheet to position successive portions of the latter properly relatively to said pattern as the member turns and the sheet advances through the machine.

39. 'I'he invention as 'defined in claim 38, -in l which the pattern comprises removable sheet secured to the cylindricalmember in predetermined relation to the means for engaging the examination sheets.v

40. ".'he invention as defined in claim 38, in

which the pattern comprises a removable sheet secured to the cylindrical member in predetermined relation to the means for engaging the examination sheet, said removable sheet being positioned on themember by said means.

pJOSEPH E. svEDA. HERBERT G. linnn/mim.`

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