WO1989008262A1 - Chlamydia assay employing base treatment - Google Patents
Chlamydia assay employing base treatment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1989008262A1 WO1989008262A1 PCT/US1989/000647 US8900647W WO8908262A1 WO 1989008262 A1 WO1989008262 A1 WO 1989008262A1 US 8900647 W US8900647 W US 8900647W WO 8908262 A1 WO8908262 A1 WO 8908262A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- specimen
- solution
- chlamydia
- strong base
- antibody
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
- G01N33/56911—Bacteria
- G01N33/56927—Chlamydia
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/5306—Improving reaction conditions, e.g. reduction of non-specific binding, promotion of specific binding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
- Y10S435/962—Prevention or removal of interfering materials or reactants or other treatment to enhance results, e.g. determining or preventing nonspecific binding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10S436/811—Test for named disease, body condition or organ function
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10S436/825—Pretreatment for removal of interfering factors from sample
Abstract
An immunoassay for $i(Chlamydia trachomatis) has a decreased incidence of false positives and false negatives. The patient samples are extracted into a strong base solution and then neutralized before conducting the assay for the antigen. The strong base is preferably at least 0.1M sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Description
CHLAMYDIA ASSAY EMPLOYING BASE TREATMENT
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an immunoassay procedure for the detection of .Chlamydia trachomatis antigen in a urogenital clinical specimen. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Chlamydia trachomatis is the etiologic agent in several types of human infection including urethritis, mucopurulent cervicitis in females, and inclusion conjunctivitis and pneumonitis of newborns.
While anti-Chlamydial drug therapy exists, many Chlamydial infections go untreated because of the limitations connected with current diagnostic methods. This is a significant problem for females where the majority of cervical infections are asymptomatic and, if untreated, may progress to pelvic inflammatory disease which can result in infertility. A commonly used method for detecting chlamydia depends upon culture techniques. This technique is laborious and time-consuming. Thus, a reliable, rapid and inexpensive test to identify the organism is desirable so that proper therapy can be initiated.
Immunoassays such as enzyme and direct fluorescent immunoassays detecting various chlamydial antigens, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and major outer membrane protein (MOMP), are currently used to detect the presence of chlamydia in patient samples.
In the case of enzyme immunoassay, samples are commonly pretreated with detergents to solubilize MOMP or LPS antigens for subsequent antibody binding. However, false negative and false positive results from such immunoassays tend to occur in significant numbers. Pretreatment of specimens with detergent does not eliminate the occurrence of such false positive and false negative results.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It has now been discovered that detergent extraction of Chlamydia trachomatis from patient specimens can take place under strongly basic conditions and that these conditions drastically reduce the incidence of false positive and false negative results in certain immunoassay formats.
The occurrence of false negative and false positive results in immunoassays for chlamydia antigen in a patient specimen can be reduced, in accordance with the invention, by extracting patient specimens in a strong base solution, then neutralizing the specimen solutions before conducting the assays. The strong base may be sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH) . Ammonium hydroxide (NH40H) and bases of similar strengths are less effective. The strong base solution desirably comprises a concentration of strong base of at least about 0.05M and preferably of at least 0.1M or equivalent.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The methods of this invention can be used with patient specimens obtained from patients suspected of having a chlamydial infection utilizing conventional medical and microbiological techniques. Such specimens include swab specimens taken from the eye, nares at the back of the nose, cervix, urethra, throat
or rectum. The method is particularly useful with urogenital swab specimens.
In one method of this invention, a solution of a strong base with an appropriate extraction detergent such as those commonly used in extraction of membrane components i.e., 3-[ (3-cholamidopropyl)- diamethylammonio]-l-propane sulfonate (CHAPS), is added to a tube containing a urogenital swab. The swab is allowed to stand in this solution and mixed well followed by expulsion of excess liquid in the swab and removal of the swab. The solution in the tube is then neutralized. An appropriate volume of the neutralized solution is then used in the performance of a standard sandwich-type enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect the presence of a chlamydia antigen.
In a modification of the invention, a solution of the appropriate extraction detergent is added directly to a tube containing a patient swab. The patient swab is allowed to stand in this solution with mixing followed by expulsion of excess liquid from the swab and removal of the swab. A one tenth volume of strong base at a minimal concentration of 1.OM is then added to the patient extract to provide a final concentration of 0.1M base, equivalent to the concentration of base used in the first method. The sample is allowed to stand, mixed, and then neutralized. An appropriate volume of the neutralized solution is then used in a standard sandwich-type ΞIA to detect the presence of a chlamydia antigen.
The sandwich-type EIA is preferably one in which an antibody:antigen:antibody sandwich is formed on a solid support. Typically, an antibody that will specifically bind chlamydia is bound on a solid support such as filter paper, test tubes made from
polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene or other suitable materials, latex particles, glass beads, magnetic particles or the like. Sample suspected of containing chlamydia is contacted with the solid support and chlamydial antigens present in the sample will bind to the bound antibody during a suitable incubation period. The solid support is washed to remove residual sample and unbound antigen, if any, and then contacted with a solution containing a known amount of a second antibody also specific to chlamydia labeled directly or indirectly (as with an antibody to the second antibody) with an enzyme. If the second antibody is directly labeled then after the solid support is washed enzyme substrate is added to the solid support and an enzyme determination performed by conventional colorimetric, or spectrophotometric techniques. If the second antibody is unlabeled then a labeled antiglobulin directed against the second antibody is added, the solution is allowed to stand for a predetermined time and the solid support is washed The amount of labeled antibody is the determined by conventional techniques.
Antibody specific to chlamydia may be raised in a human or nonhuman species such as rabbit, goat, horse, sheep, guinea pig, etc by immunization with elementary bodies of one or more strains of Chlamydia trachomatis in accordance with known techniques. Monoclonal antibody to chlamydia may also be used with the method of this invention.
Chlamydia antigens useful with this invention include any antigen common to the prevalent strains of Chlamydia trachomatis. Such antigens are readily ascertained by one of ordinary skill in the art and include for example, LPS and MOMP. Enzymes useful with this invention may include for example
horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phophotase, Beta-galactosidase and the like. Enzyme immunoassays are well known in the diagnostic field and need not be described in further detail.
Without being bound by the following explanation, we believe the patient sample treatment of the invention eliminates or inactivates substances in the sample that interfere with immunological assays to cause false positive and false negative results. These interfering substances seem to be eliminated when the pH of the solution is raised to a level at or above pH 12 and then neutralized.
False positive and false negative results obtained using an immunoassay may be detected by various methods, i.e., direct fluorescent analysis, culturing techniques and the like. Direct fluorescent labeling techniques have been used to determine whether chlamydia is present in a sample as follows. Antibody that binds specifically to chlamydia labeled with a fluorescent agent was obtained. Labeled antibody of this type is commercially available from Kallestad Diagnostics or Syva Company. A volume of specimen extract is obtained and centrifuged to form a pellet comprised of chlamydia elementary bodies and debris from the sample. The pellet is resuspended in a minimal volume of buffer, spotted on a microscope slide, fixed with methanol and stained with the labeled antibody reagent. The antibody binds to the chlamydia, if any, on the slide. The slide is then read using an appropriate microscope to determine whether chlamydia is present. In samples not treated with a strong base solution in accordance with the invention prior to performing the EIA, a significant number of samples that tested positive under the direct fluorescence method yielded negative EIA
results. Similarly, several samples that were negative using the direct fluorescence method were positive by the EIA method.
Signal recovery studies demonstrated the existence of functional false negatives using patient specimens extracted into a buffered detergent solution as in the second method described above. Functional false negative samples produced low EIA absorbance value even where chlamydial antigen was exogenously added to the sample.
Four equal volume aliquots of each sample that had been extracted into an aqueous solution were removed. Two aliquots received a one tenth volume of purified chlamydia elementary bodies (spiked) and the other two aliquots received an equal volume of buffer (unspiked) . One spiked and one unspiked aliquot were then treated with a one tenth volume of l.OM NaOH and the other aliquots were treated with the same volume of deionized water and allowed to stand for 10 minutes. The aliquots treated with base were then neutralized by adding 0.10 ml of l.OM HCl (diluted in l.OM Tris HCl, previously at pH 8.0) to the sample and the solution vortexed for ten seconds. The untreated aliquots were diluted with an equal volume of l.OM Tris HCl buffer. After neutralization, all the aliquots were tested in a chlamydia specific EIA. Without strong base pretreatment, exogenously added chlamydia was not detected in a significant number of patient samples, as is shown in Table 1. With strong base pretreatment, however, exogenously added chlamydia was detected in all samples.
TABLE 1
ELIMINATION OF FALSE NEGATIVE RESPONSES BY BASE TREATMENT
Absorbance Value
Patient Neutral pH Basic pH number response with EB' ■s w, /o EB s with EB s w/o EB
1 D .680 .080 1.186 .115
2 ND .108 .093 1.338 .098
3 ND .123 .131 1.415 .245
4 D .861 .080 1.429 .184
5 ND .158 .081 1.355 .101
6 D 1.013 .094 1.299 .116
7 D 1.030 .090 1.444 .095
8 D 1.154 .088 1.398 .109
9 D 1.013 .109 1.422 .087
10 ND .069 .111 1.346 .103
EB- Elementary Body
D- EB's Detected ND- EB's Not Detected
Functional false positive samples were also evaluated using patient specimens extracted into a buffered detergent solution as described in method 1 above. EIA absorbance values from clinical specimens have been compared with results obtained using direct fluorescent techniques for the same specimens to produce an absorbance level (cutoff) above which samples will be considered positive and below which samples will be considered negative.
Two equal volume aliquots of each sample extracted into solution were removed. One aliquot received a one tenth volume of l.OM NaOH and the other aliquot received the same volume of deionized water. The aliquots were allowed to stand for 10 minutes. The aliquot treated with the base was neutralized as described above and' the other aliquot was diluted with an equal volume of buffer. The samples were assayed in a conventional sandwich-type EIA using polyclonal
antichlamydia antibody and horseradish peroxidase
(HRP) labeled detection antibody diluted into conventional diluent buffer. The absorbance value cutoff for this experiment was .22. The results, shown in Table 2, show that with a significant number of samples, absorbance values from non-base-treated specimens were spuriously high and the base treatment of these samples avoided this result. Spurious values such as those demonstrated below may have led to the erroneous conclusion that chlamydia antigen was present in the sample.
TABLE 2
ELIMINATION OF FALSE POSITIVE RESPONSES BY BASE TREATMENT
Absorbance Value
Patient Number Neutral ϊ Basic pH
1 .963 .312
2 .105 .163
3 .095 .087
4 .101 .206
5 .121 .099
6 2.058 .200
7 .108 .109
8 1.014 .222
9 .953 .567
10 .262 .132
Experiments utilizing several different bases demonstrated that strong bases such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide which completely ionize in water (ie. solutions of 1.0N produce a pH of 14.0) were the most effective. Weaker bases such as ammonium hydroxide, trisodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, and amine-containing compounds were not as effective. The weaker bases all have pKa values less than 13.
The invention is further demonstrated by the following illustrative examples.
Example 1: A urogenital swab specimen was obtained from a patient and placed in a 12 x 75 mm glass test tube. A 1.0 ml volume of 0.1M NaOH or KOH with 0.005M disodium ethylene-diaminetetracetic acid (Na2EDTA) and 0.05 % weight/volume CHAPS was added to the tube extract the sample from the swab.
The swab was allowed to stand in the above-described solution for at least ten minutes and vortexed and was wrung out against the side of the tube to expel absorbed liquid and discarded. 0.10 ml of l.OM HCl or some other acid was added to the solution to neutralize the base. The neutralizing agent was added in a 2.0M tris(hydroxymethyl)- aminomethane hydrochloride (TrisHCL) solution initially at pH 8.0. The sample was vortexed for ten seconds to complete the neutralization process.
An appropriate volume of sample was removed from the tube for assay in a chlamydia specific EIA as described in Example 3.
Example 2:
A urogenital swab specimen was placed in a 12 x 75 mm test tube and extracted into a solution of 1.0 ml of O.lgM Tris HCl, 0.005M Na2EDTA, 0.05% w/v CHAPS, pH 8.0. The swab was allowed to stand in that solution for at least 10 minutes and vortexed for about 30 seconds. After the swab was wrung out against the side of the tube to expel absorbed liquid, 0.100 ml of l.OM NaOH or 1.0 KOH was added to the sample and the tube was vortexed for another ten seconds. After ten minutes, 0.100 ml of l.OM HCl diluted into l.OM Tris HCl, pH 8.0 was added. The specimen containing sample was vortexed for ten seconds to complete the neutralization. An appropriate volume of sample was removed from the tube for use in a chlamydia specific EIA as described in Example 3.
Example 3: Immunoassay.
Two hundred microliters of the pretreated specimen, a positive and a negative control were each added to an antibody-coated assay tube. After the sample was placed in the coated tube, the tube was shaken gently and allowed to stand at room temperature for about one hour.
100 microliters of polyclonal antibody specific for chlamydia, produced and purified using well-known procedures equivalent to those described in H. D. Caldwell, C. Kuo and G. E. Kenny, 115 Journal of Immunology, pps. 969-975 (1975), was added to each tube, and each tube was gently mixed and allowed to stand for about an hour at room temperature. 100 microliters of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated to antibody directed against the chlamydia specific polyclonal antibody and obtained from commercial sources, such as Jackson Immuno Research Laboratories, Inc., was added to each tube. Each tube was gently mixed and allowed to stand for one hour at room temperature. The mixture in each tube was then removed and the tube washed thoroughly with deionized water. 500 microliters of freshly prepared substrate solution consisting of one part chromagen (3.0 m9/ml ■ tetramethyl benzidine in 0.1M HCl) to 25 parts substrate buffer (0.05M sodium citrate, 0.05M boric acid, 0.012% volume/volume hydrogen peroxide, pH 4.2) was added to each tube.
The enzyme reaction was allowed to proceed for 15 minutes and stopped with 1.0 ml of l.OM sulfuric acid (H ) . The absorbence of the samples was spectrophotometerically at 450 nanometers. The color intensity is a function of the amount of chlamydia antigen present in the sample and the amount of antigen was determined accordingly.
While a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described, it should be understood that various changes, adaptations and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the- invention and the scope of the appended claims,
Claims
1. A method for reducing the occurrence of false negative and false positive results in an enzyme immunoassay for a chlamydia antigen in a patient specimen comprising treating said specimen with an aqueous solution comprising a strong base and then neutralizing the specimen-containing solution before conducting the immunoassay
2. The method of Claim l wherein the treatment comprises extracting the specimen into a aqueous solution of a strong base.
3. The method of Claim 1 wherein the treatment comprises extracting the specimen into an aqueous solution and then adding a strong base.
4. The method of Claim 1 wherein the strong base solution into which the specimen is extracted is NaOH or KOH.
5. The method of Claim 2 wherein the solution into which the specimen is extracted is at least about 0.1M NaOH or 0.1M KOH.
6. The method of Claim 1 wherein the chlamydia antigen is a lipopolysaccharide.
7. The method of Claim 1 wherein the specimen is an urogenital specimen.
8. The method of Claim 7 wherein the specimen is a swab specimen.
9. The method of Claim 1 wherein the specimen is treated with an aqueous basic solution at a pH not less than about 13.
10. A method for reducing the occurrence of false negative and false positive results in an enzyme immunoassay for a chlamydia antigen in a patient specimen comprising combining the specimen with a solution having a basic concentration of at least 0.1 M NaOH or the equivalent followed by neutralization before conducting the enzyme immunoassay.
11. The method of Claim 10 wherein the chlamydia antigen is a lipopolysaccharide.
12. A method for detecting chlamydia antigen in a urogenital sample, comprising treating said specimen with an aqueous basic solution at a pH not less than about 13, neutralizing said solution, and subjecting said solution to an enzyme immunoassay specific for chlamydia antigen.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89903346T ATE100208T1 (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1989-02-16 | TEST PROCEDURE FOR CHLAMYDIA USING A BASIC TREATMENT. |
DE68912315T DE68912315T2 (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1989-02-16 | CHLAMYDIA TEST PROCEDURE USING A BASIC TREATMENT. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/161,576 US4916057A (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1988-02-29 | Chlamydia assay employing base treatment |
US161,576 | 1988-02-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1989008262A1 true WO1989008262A1 (en) | 1989-09-08 |
Family
ID=22581766
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1989/000647 WO1989008262A1 (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1989-02-16 | Chlamydia assay employing base treatment |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4916057A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0402396B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2782256B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1339462C (en) |
DE (1) | DE68912315T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1989008262A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0363110A2 (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-04-11 | Johnson & Johnson Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. | High pH extraction composition and its use to determine a chlamydial, gonococcal or herpes antigen |
EP0392865A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-17 | Unilever Plc | Extraction procedure |
EP0763737A1 (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-03-19 | Unipath Limited | Assays for lipopolysaccharide antigens |
EP0843815A1 (en) | 1995-08-07 | 1998-05-27 | Quidel Corporation | Method and device for chlamydia detection |
US6159703A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 2000-12-12 | Unipath Limited | Assays |
JPWO2014087802A1 (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2017-01-05 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Method for suppressing non-specific signal derived from impurities in immunoassay using surface plasmon excitation enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5155023A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1992-10-13 | Synbiotics Corporation | Enzyme immunoassay procedure for amphipathic analytes |
US5725863A (en) * | 1991-09-06 | 1998-03-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Polypeptides useful in prevention of chlamydia infection |
US5212062A (en) * | 1991-09-06 | 1993-05-18 | Kansas State University | Method and composition to direct Chlamydia psittaci or Chlamydia trachomatis infection |
US5484706A (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1996-01-16 | Pasteur Sanofi Diagnostics | Immunoassay for analytes in samples using alkylating agents |
WO1996012966A1 (en) * | 1994-10-19 | 1996-05-02 | Temple University - Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education | Agglutination test |
DE19756782A1 (en) | 1997-12-19 | 1999-06-24 | Dade Behring Marburg Gmbh | Detection and determination of solid phase associated factors |
ITMI20042434A1 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2005-03-21 | Paolo Giordano | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR QUICK EXTRACTION OF ANTIGENS |
BRPI0617500B8 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2021-07-27 | Spidertech A Div Of Stoecker & Associates A Subsidiary Of The Dermatology Center Llc | immunoassay kit for detection of recluse loxosceles venom |
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US4056608A (en) * | 1976-04-08 | 1977-11-01 | Syva Company | Cardiac glycoside or aglycone assays |
US4497899A (en) * | 1982-04-12 | 1985-02-05 | Abbott Laboratories | Immunoassay for Chlamydia trachomatis antigens |
US4652518A (en) * | 1982-07-02 | 1987-03-24 | Orion Corporation, Ltd. | Diagnosing chlamydia infections with Re-lipopolysaccharide complexed to carrier or antibody thereto |
US4663291A (en) * | 1984-07-06 | 1987-05-05 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Method for solubilizing microbial protein obtained from Chlamydia trachomatis |
US4766065A (en) * | 1984-08-23 | 1988-08-23 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Detection of cell membrane protein |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4427782A (en) * | 1981-03-03 | 1984-01-24 | Caldwell Harlan D | Isolation of principal outer membrane protein and antigen of Chlamydia trachomatis |
US4617264A (en) * | 1983-11-04 | 1986-10-14 | Syntex (U.S.A.) Inc. | Pretreatment method and composition |
-
1988
- 1988-02-29 US US07/161,576 patent/US4916057A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-02-14 CA CA000591027A patent/CA1339462C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-16 WO PCT/US1989/000647 patent/WO1989008262A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1989-02-16 EP EP89903346A patent/EP0402396B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-16 DE DE68912315T patent/DE68912315T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-16 JP JP1503096A patent/JP2782256B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4056608A (en) * | 1976-04-08 | 1977-11-01 | Syva Company | Cardiac glycoside or aglycone assays |
US4497899A (en) * | 1982-04-12 | 1985-02-05 | Abbott Laboratories | Immunoassay for Chlamydia trachomatis antigens |
US4652518A (en) * | 1982-07-02 | 1987-03-24 | Orion Corporation, Ltd. | Diagnosing chlamydia infections with Re-lipopolysaccharide complexed to carrier or antibody thereto |
US4663291A (en) * | 1984-07-06 | 1987-05-05 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Method for solubilizing microbial protein obtained from Chlamydia trachomatis |
US4766065A (en) * | 1984-08-23 | 1988-08-23 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Detection of cell membrane protein |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0363110A2 (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-04-11 | Johnson & Johnson Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. | High pH extraction composition and its use to determine a chlamydial, gonococcal or herpes antigen |
EP0363110A3 (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1991-07-17 | Johnson & Johnson Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. | High ph extraction composition and its use to determine a chlamydial, gonococcal or herpes antigen |
EP0392865A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-17 | Unilever Plc | Extraction procedure |
WO1990013032A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-11-01 | Unilever Plc | Extraction procedure |
EP0843815A1 (en) | 1995-08-07 | 1998-05-27 | Quidel Corporation | Method and device for chlamydia detection |
US5773234A (en) * | 1995-08-07 | 1998-06-30 | Quidel Corporation | Method and device for chlamydia detection |
EP0763737A1 (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-03-19 | Unipath Limited | Assays for lipopolysaccharide antigens |
US6159703A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 2000-12-12 | Unipath Limited | Assays |
JPWO2014087802A1 (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2017-01-05 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Method for suppressing non-specific signal derived from impurities in immunoassay using surface plasmon excitation enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) |
US11162940B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2021-11-02 | Konica Minolta, Inc. | Method for suppressing nonspecific signals from contaminants in an immunoassay using surface plasmon-field enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE68912315D1 (en) | 1994-02-24 |
EP0402396B1 (en) | 1994-01-12 |
CA1339462C (en) | 1997-09-16 |
US4916057A (en) | 1990-04-10 |
EP0402396A4 (en) | 1991-07-17 |
DE68912315T2 (en) | 1994-05-26 |
JPH03502967A (en) | 1991-07-04 |
EP0402396A1 (en) | 1990-12-19 |
JP2782256B2 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
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