WO1992014318A1 - Method, identification device and verification device for identification and/or performing digital signature - Google Patents
Method, identification device and verification device for identification and/or performing digital signature Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992014318A1 WO1992014318A1 PCT/EP1992/000045 EP9200045W WO9214318A1 WO 1992014318 A1 WO1992014318 A1 WO 1992014318A1 EP 9200045 W EP9200045 W EP 9200045W WO 9214318 A1 WO9214318 A1 WO 9214318A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mod
- data
- computes
- sends
- numbers
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000012884 algebraic function Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 101100070645 Mus musculus Hint1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 102100021556 Protein kinase C eta type Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 101710164611 Protein kinase C eta type Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000288147 Meleagris gallopavo Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000677647 Proba Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000613883 Streptomyces lividans pH-gated potassium channel KcsA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940003372 compro Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- WIKYUJGCLQQFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N prochlorperazine Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1CCCN1C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C21 WIKYUJGCLQQFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- BINCGEGLXIMJFO-JQSLHUNDSA-N rfa-2 Chemical compound C1([C@H]2N[C@H](CC3(N=C4C=5C6=C7O[C@](C6=O)(C)O/C=C/[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C(C)/C(=O)NC(=C4N3)C(=O)C=5C(O)=C7C)C)OC)C2)C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=CC=C(F)C=C1 BINCGEGLXIMJFO-JQSLHUNDSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
- G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
- G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
- G07F7/1008—Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
- G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
- G06Q20/341—Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
- G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
- G06Q20/401—Transaction verification
- G06Q20/4014—Identity check for transactions
- G06Q20/40145—Biometric identity checks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3218—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using proof of knowledge, e.g. Fiat-Shamir, GQ, Schnorr, ornon-interactive zero-knowledge proofs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3247—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving digital signatures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method, identification device and verification device for identification and/or per ⁇ forming digital signature which allows zero-knowledge access control.
- roots modulo X are used where X is a composite number having at least two large prime factors.
- X is a composite number having at least two large prime factors.
- the factoring of X is known to some users.
- One example is the algorithm " ⁇ ue to Rabin which is disclosed in "Probabilistic Algorithm*-*", in S. Traub Ed., "Algorithms and Complexity, New Directions and Recent Results", Academic press, New York, 1976, 21-24.
- the inventive method consists in computing data by an authority and recording on an identification device U, comprising the following first steps: - choosing and publishing a modulus X, a power d and a func ⁇ tion H, whereby X is a product of at least two big prime num ⁇ bers and H is a one-way pseudo-random function;
- SD d mod X (PK ⁇ &...& PK fe & PN & ID), whereby in case of (PK-. &. . . & PK, & PN & ID) having no d-th root either the order of the PK 1. can be p ⁇ ermuted until a root is found or a small arbitrary string J can be appended to (PK j , &. . . & PK, & PN & ID) in such a way that (J & PK ⁇ &. . . & PK, & PN & ID) has a d-th root;
- V H(R 1 d mod X &... & R ⁇ mod X) to V; c) V computes SD mod X, checks that said pattern data PN is valid, separates said small prime numbers PK. which are in ⁇ side SD mod X, picks a set ⁇ c. , ... ,c. ⁇ of h numbers c. such that each 0 ⁇ ci. ⁇ k and sends them to U; d) U computes h values
- RESP 1. (if (c1. eq ⁇ ual 0) ' then R1. else R1.SKC1. mod X)' and sends the set (RESP-,, ... ,RESP, ] of said h values RESP. to V; e) V checks U's identity by verifying that
- Z H(R 1 d mod X &. . . & R d mod X & m) and reads said number Z as a set ⁇ c., ...,c, ⁇ of h numbers c.
- RESPi. (if (cl. eq ⁇ ual 0) ' then R1. else Rl.SKci. mod X)' and sends the set ⁇ Z , m, RESP, , ...,RESP, ) to V; e) V checks U' s signature on m by verifying that
- the inventive identification device contains first computation means (15), first memory means (16) which are connected to said first computation means and first data exchange means (14) which are connected to said first cor:-pu- tation means, whereby said first memory means store said seed data SD, said modulus X, said function H and said set [SK.. , ... ,SK, ] of numbers SK. and whereby said data exchange means send data to and receive data from said verification device (17) .
- the inventive verification device contains sec ⁇ ond computation means (12), second memory means (11) which are connected to said second computation means and second data exchange means (13) which are connected to said second computation means, whereby said second memory means store said modulus X and said function H and whereby said data ex ⁇ change means send data to and receive data from said identi ⁇ fication device (18) and whereby said second computation means verify data received from said identification device.
- the inventive access control system allows to create unforgeable identification devices which communicate with a verifier device and it has many practical applications in Pay-TV, credit-cards, dongles, passports, door-keys, comput ⁇ ers, terminals etc .
- the algorithm is based on quadratic residuosity in a finite ring i.e. on the difficulty to compute square (or higher) roots modulo X where X is a composite number having at least two strong prime factors. These prime factors must keep the following conditions:
- An illimited number of users can join the system without informing the verifiers nor compro ⁇ mizing the system's security.
- H is a cryptographically strong one-way pseudo-random hash function mapping w, , ? , ... ,w, to a long arbitrary string H(w, & w- &...& w, ) .
- Any authorized identification device U e.g. a smart-card, must be able to present a variety of k (typically in the range [8, 20]) roots to the verifier V.
- the verifier will randomly choose h (typically in the range [3, 10]) of these inverse roots which will then be hidden by h random numbers (thereby insuring the zero-knowledge property of the scheme because computing roots modulo X is as hard as factoring X) and presented by the smart-card.
- the authority picks a set of small random primes denoted PK.. , PK_, ... , PK, that have roots modulo X and concatenates them with (e.g. a part of X) public pattern data PN and useful information (such as date of validity, name, rights etc, herein denoted ID) and com ⁇ putes the root modulo X of PK-, &. . . & PK, S. PN &. ID (this root is denoted SD) .
- PK.1, &...& PK.k & PN & ID has no root
- the order of the PKl. can be permuted until such a root value is found.
- the proba ⁇ bility not to find a good root decreases exponentially with the number of attempted permutations.
- the identification device U wants to prove to a verifi ⁇ eerr VV tthhaatt iitt kknnoowwss tthhee SSKK.. wwiitthhoouutt ddii ⁇ sclosing their values, the following protocol is carried out: 1) U sends seed data SD to V.
- V computes SD mod X, checks that the pattern data PN is
- RESP 1. ( ⁇ if ( v c1. eq ⁇ ual 0) ' then R1. else R1.SKCl. mod X) ' and sends the set ⁇ RESP-, ... ,RESP, ] to V.
- V checks U's identity by verifying that
- a digital signature of a message ⁇ i is performed by the fol ⁇ lowing protocol:
- V computes SD mod X, checks that said pattern data PN is valid and separates said small prime numbers PK.
- Z ' H(R 2 mod X &. . . &. R 2 mod X & m) and reads said number Z as a set [c-,...,c, ⁇ of h numbers c. such that each O ⁇ cl. ⁇ k;'
- RESP 1. (if ( x c1. eq ⁇ ual 0) ' then R1. else R1.SKCl. mod X) and sends the set ⁇ Z, m, RESP.,, ... ,RESP h J to V; 5) V checks U's signat a on m by verifying that
- Fig. 1 shows an identification device and a verification ⁇ tion device
- Fig. 2 shows a first authentication protocol between the identification and the verification device
- Fig. 3 shows stored and computed data and a flow chart for the identification device
- Fig. 4 shows stored and computed data and a flow chart for the verification device.
- a verification device 17 and an identification de ⁇ vice 18 are depicted.
- the identification device contains a first microprocessor 15, a first memory 16 which is connect ⁇ ed to the first microprocessor 15 and a first connector 14 for data exchange with the verification device 17.
- the verification device 17 contains a second microprocessor 12, a second memory 11 which is connected to the second mi ⁇ croprocessor 12 and a second connector 13 for data exchange with the identification device 18.
- the first memory 16 stores seed data SD, a modulus X, a func ⁇ tion H and a set ⁇ SK.. , ... SK, ] of numbers SK..
- the first mi ⁇ croprocessor 15 computes data as shown in Fig. 3.
- the first memory 16 may be used to store intermediate results.
- the da ⁇ ta send to and received from the identifier I/O interface of Fig. 3 pass the first connector 14.
- the second memory 11 stores a modulus X and a function H.
- the second microprocessor 12 computes data as shown in Fig. 4.
- the second memory 11 may be used to store intermediate re ⁇ sults.
- the data send to and received from the verifier I/O interface of Fig. 4 pass the second connector 13.
- Fig. 2 illustrates by way of a first protocol which data can be computed and exchanged between the identification device 18 and the verification device 17. The following steps are carried out in the identification device U 18 and in the verification device V 17:
- V has computed SD mod X and checked that the pattern data PN is valid and separated the
- V picks a set ⁇ c.,...,c, ⁇ of h numbers c. such that each O ⁇ c 1. ⁇ k and sends them to U.
- the pseudo-random function H can be replaced by a pseudo-ran ⁇ dom hash function H applied on an algebraic function P.
- Fig. 3 shows which data are computed in the first micropro ⁇ cessor 15 and exchanged with the verification device.
- Fig. 4 shows which data are computed in the second micropro ⁇ cessor 12 and exchanged with the identification device.
- a range [8, 20] is preferred for k.
- a range [3, 10] is preferred for h.
- the length of the numbers SK. is greater equal 1 byte and less equal 8 bytes.
- the invention can be generalized in a variety of ways, the most evident are:
- the small prime numbers PK can be recorded in a public di ⁇ rectory
- PK values obtained by the application of a random function on ID For example a table of t small primes can be generated or recorded in the verification device and the t-th bit of f(ID) can be used to indicate PK. (e.g. : 0 - this is not a public key, 1 - this is a public key) .
- f is a pseudo random function.
- a range [8, 20] is preferred for t;
- the protocols can be repeated e times (e greater than 1) to increase the strength exponentially.
- the pseudo-random function H can be re ⁇ placed by a hash function applied on an algebraic function (e.g. a linear combination or a polynomial)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP50246092A JP3456993B2 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-01-11 | Method and identification device and verification device for performing identification and / or digital signature |
DE69202699T DE69202699T2 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-01-11 | Process, identification and verification device for the identification and / or execution of digital signatures. |
AU11592/92A AU648643B2 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-01-11 | Method, identification device and verification device for identification and/or performing digital signature |
US08/094,058 US5502764A (en) | 1991-01-11 | 1992-01-11 | Method, identification device and verification device for identificaiton and/or performing digital signature |
EP92902236A EP0570388B1 (en) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-01-11 | Method, identification device and verification device for identification and/or performing digital signature |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP91400301 | 1991-02-07 | ||
EP91400301.7 | 1991-02-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1992014318A1 true WO1992014318A1 (en) | 1992-08-20 |
Family
ID=8208540
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1992/000045 WO1992014318A1 (en) | 1991-01-11 | 1992-01-11 | Method, identification device and verification device for identification and/or performing digital signature |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5502764A (en) |
EP (2) | EP0502559A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3456993B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU648643B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2101322A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69202699T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992014318A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5625693A (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1997-04-29 | Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. | Apparatus and method for authenticating transmitting applications in an interactive TV system |
US5627893A (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1997-05-06 | Telstra Corporation Limited | Cryptographic method |
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---|---|---|---|---|
US6266771B1 (en) | 1997-02-10 | 2001-07-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Probabilistic signature scheme |
FR2763451B1 (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 1999-06-18 | France Telecom | PUBLIC KEY IDENTIFICATION METHOD USING TWO HASH FUNCTIONS |
US6085976A (en) | 1998-05-22 | 2000-07-11 | Sehr; Richard P. | Travel system and methods utilizing multi-application passenger cards |
US6212637B1 (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 2001-04-03 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Method and apparatus for en-bloc verification of plural digital signatures and recording medium with the method recorded thereon |
US6757826B1 (en) | 1998-04-14 | 2004-06-29 | Citicorp Development Center, Inc. | Digital graphic signature system |
RU2153191C2 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 2000-07-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Алкорсофт" | Method for blind production of digital rsa signature and device which implements said method |
RU2157001C2 (en) | 1998-11-25 | 2000-09-27 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Алкорсофт" | Method for conducting transactions |
US6732113B1 (en) * | 1999-09-20 | 2004-05-04 | Verispan, L.L.C. | System and method for generating de-identified health care data |
JP2003510694A (en) | 1999-09-20 | 2003-03-18 | クインタイルズ トランスナショナル コーポレイション | System and method for analyzing anonymized health care information |
US6876991B1 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2005-04-05 | Collaborative Decision Platforms, Llc. | System, method and computer program product for a collaborative decision platform |
US6857067B2 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2005-02-15 | Martin S. Edelman | System and method for preventing unauthorized access to electronic data |
US7194618B1 (en) | 2001-03-05 | 2007-03-20 | Suominen Edwin A | Encryption and authentication systems and methods |
FR2822002B1 (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2003-06-06 | France Telecom | CRYPTOGRAPHIC AUTHENTICATION BY EPHEMER MODULES |
US7079986B2 (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2006-07-18 | Sieracki Jeffrey M | Greedy adaptive signature discrimination system and method |
US8271200B2 (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2012-09-18 | Sieracki Jeffrey M | System and method for acoustic signature extraction, detection, discrimination, and localization |
US8478539B2 (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2013-07-02 | Jeffrey M. Sieracki | System and method for neurological activity signature determination, discrimination, and detection |
US9355273B2 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2016-05-31 | Bank Of America, N.A., As Collateral Agent | System and method for the protection and de-identification of health care data |
KR101273465B1 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2013-06-14 | 재단법인서울대학교산학협력재단 | Apparatus for batch verification and method using the same |
US20090106331A1 (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-23 | General Electric Company | Dynamic two-stage clinical data archiving and retrieval solution |
US20100114607A1 (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2010-05-06 | Sdi Health Llc | Method and system for providing reports and segmentation of physician activities |
JPWO2010067820A1 (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2012-05-24 | 日本電気株式会社 | Zero knowledge proof system, zero knowledge proof device, zero knowledge verification device, zero knowledge proof method and program thereof |
US9141758B2 (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2015-09-22 | Ims Health Incorporated | System and method for encrypting provider identifiers on medical service claim transactions |
US8805083B1 (en) | 2010-03-21 | 2014-08-12 | Jeffrey M. Sieracki | System and method for discriminating constituents of image by complex spectral signature extraction |
US9691395B1 (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2017-06-27 | Reality Analytics, Inc. | System and method for taxonomically distinguishing unconstrained signal data segments |
US9886945B1 (en) | 2011-07-03 | 2018-02-06 | Reality Analytics, Inc. | System and method for taxonomically distinguishing sample data captured from biota sources |
US9558762B1 (en) | 2011-07-03 | 2017-01-31 | Reality Analytics, Inc. | System and method for distinguishing source from unconstrained acoustic signals emitted thereby in context agnostic manner |
US11900674B2 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2024-02-13 | Bank Of America Corporation | System for real-time identification of unauthorized access |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0311470A1 (en) * | 1987-09-07 | 1989-04-12 | France Telecom | Methods and systems to authenticate authorizations and messages with a zero knowledge-proof system and to provide messages with a signature |
EP0325238A2 (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1989-07-26 | Yeda Research And Development Company Limited | Improved variants of the Fiat-Shamir identification and signature scheme |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5140634A (en) * | 1987-09-07 | 1992-08-18 | U.S Philips Corporation | Method and apparatus for authenticating accreditations and for authenticating and signing messages |
US5218637A (en) * | 1987-09-07 | 1993-06-08 | L'etat Francais Represente Par Le Ministre Des Postes, Des Telecommunications Et De L'espace | Method of transferring a secret, by the exchange of two certificates between two microcomputers which establish reciprocal authorization |
-
1992
- 1992-01-11 WO PCT/EP1992/000045 patent/WO1992014318A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-01-11 EP EP19920200120 patent/EP0502559A3/en active Pending
- 1992-01-11 CA CA002101322A patent/CA2101322A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-01-11 AU AU11592/92A patent/AU648643B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-01-11 DE DE69202699T patent/DE69202699T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-01-11 EP EP92902236A patent/EP0570388B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-01-11 US US08/094,058 patent/US5502764A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-01-11 JP JP50246092A patent/JP3456993B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0311470A1 (en) * | 1987-09-07 | 1989-04-12 | France Telecom | Methods and systems to authenticate authorizations and messages with a zero knowledge-proof system and to provide messages with a signature |
EP0325238A2 (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1989-07-26 | Yeda Research And Development Company Limited | Improved variants of the Fiat-Shamir identification and signature scheme |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5627893A (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1997-05-06 | Telstra Corporation Limited | Cryptographic method |
US5625693A (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1997-04-29 | Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. | Apparatus and method for authenticating transmitting applications in an interactive TV system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69202699T2 (en) | 1996-01-18 |
EP0502559A2 (en) | 1992-09-09 |
AU1159292A (en) | 1992-09-07 |
US5502764A (en) | 1996-03-26 |
AU648643B2 (en) | 1994-04-28 |
EP0570388A1 (en) | 1993-11-24 |
CA2101322A1 (en) | 1992-08-08 |
EP0502559A3 (en) | 1992-10-14 |
JP3456993B2 (en) | 2003-10-14 |
EP0570388B1 (en) | 1995-05-24 |
JPH06505343A (en) | 1994-06-16 |
DE69202699D1 (en) | 1995-06-29 |
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