WO1993013848A1 - Regenerable diesel exhaust filter - Google Patents
Regenerable diesel exhaust filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993013848A1 WO1993013848A1 PCT/US1993/000022 US9300022W WO9313848A1 WO 1993013848 A1 WO1993013848 A1 WO 1993013848A1 US 9300022 W US9300022 W US 9300022W WO 9313848 A1 WO9313848 A1 WO 9313848A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- exhaust gas
- inlet
- outlet
- cells
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/0215—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters the filtering elements having the form of disks or plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/30—Multi-ply
- D21H27/38—Multi-ply at least one of the sheets having a fibrous composition differing from that of other sheets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
- F01N13/1827—Sealings specially adapted for exhaust systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1888—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells
- F01N13/1894—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells the parts being assembled in longitudinal direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/0211—Arrangements for mounting filtering elements in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/0212—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters with one or more perforated tubes surrounded by filtering material, e.g. filter candles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/0217—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters the filtering elements having the form of hollow cylindrical bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0226—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being fibrous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/10—Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/24—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by bolts, screws, rivets or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/30—Removable or rechangeable blocks or cartridges, e.g. for filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S55/00—Gas separation
- Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filter system for purifying the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.
- it relates to a regenerating filter for removing particulates from the exhaust gases of a diesel engine.
- diesel engines such as those
- filtering devices have been proposed to filter diesel engine exhaust.
- Such devices comprises filter systems which retain and collect the particulates in the exhaust gas.
- soot particles are reported to range in size upward from 250A C° «25 micron)
- a high efficiency filter is required to effectively filter out such contaminants.
- filters are known.
- cellular ceramic filters and honeycomb filters of porous ceramic material such as those disclosed in U.S. Patents 4,872,889 and 4,948,403 to Lepperhoff et al., have been recognized as being useful in trapping particulates from exhaust emissions.
- particulates retained in the filter generally lead to an increase in the flow resistance in the exhaust and a resultant increase in the back pressure of the exhaust. Excessive back pressure can develop quickly, particularly when high efficiency filters are utilized. This unacceptable increase in exhaust back pressure can lead to an increase in fuel consumption, and, in extreme cases, to engine shut-off or failure. This result is particularly troublesome with truck and bus diesel engines inasmuch as any filter of a practical size would quickly become loaded and develop high back pressure which would result in engine shut-off.
- Another means of regenerating the filter includes turbo enriched fuel injection to raise the temperature in the filter to initiate auto-combustion of trapped soot particles.
- Ceramic honeycomb filter designs are particularly susceptible to rapid development of excessive back pressure.
- Ceramic materials particularly filters, are inherently brittle, and, consequently, subject to fracture from shock and mechanical stresses. Therefore, when ceramic materials are used in filters, it is necessary to design the filters with greater depth thickness than ordinarily desirable. Further, because ceramic materials are fragile and not deformable, it is not feasible to utilize standard engineering edge-sealing, gasketing methods due to the heating that is required. Ceramics are also costly to manufacture as they are difficult to shape. Additionally, inasmuch as the uniformity of ceramic particles is difficult to control, particularly for sintering and pre-forming, manufacturing quality is difficult to control.
- the general object of the invention is to provide an improved exhaust filter for diesel engines.
- a more particular object of the invention is to provide a reliable, high efficiency filter which provides a low change in pressure across the filter.
- An additional object is to provide an exhaust filter that does not significantly impair engine performance.
- a related object is to provide an exhaust filter with reduced susceptibility to development of back pressure.
- Another object is to provide an exhaust filter that is highly resistant to heat, and is regenerable.
- a further object is to provide an exhaust filter of an uncomplicated design that may be easily serviced.
- a more specific object is to provide an exhaust filter that may be easily assembled and disassembled to facilitate maintenance or replacement of filter elements in the field.
- Yet another object is to provide a diesel exhaust purification system which accommodates a large flow of gas but features a small, compact design.
- Another object of the invention is to provide an exhaust filter assembly which facilitates the ignition of trapped soot particles during regeneration of the filter.
- An additional object is to provide a modular diesel exhaust filter arrangement which may be sized to fit a variety of different engines.
- an improved diesel exhaust filter having a high efficiency, self-contained filter arrangement disposed within a housing that may be connected in-line with the exhaust system of the vehicle to provide a flow of exhaust gases therethrough.
- the housing which may be of any appropriate shape, includes an inlet pipe, which may be connected to an exhaust pipe from the engine, and an outlet pipe, which may be open to the atmosphere. Disposed within the housing is a self- contained filtering means.
- the filtering means is a flat filter arrangement having inlet and outlet cells and filter elements compressed between opposite impervious endplates. Exhaust gas enters the inlet cells along the inlet end of the housing, flows through the filter elements, and out of the filter arrangement through the outlet cells to be exhausted to the atmosphere through the outlet pipe.
- a pleated cylindrical filter is utilized, the exhaust gas flowing from the inlet pipe outward through the cylindrical filter from the interior, or, alternately, inward from the perimeter of the cylindrical filter to its interior, and out of the housing through the outlet pipe.
- Another embodiment combines the flat and cylindrical filters of the first and second embodiments, respectively, to provide an arrangement where the exhaust gas flows through the flat filters and outward from the interior of the cylindrical filter to its perimeter to be passed to the atmosphere through the outlet pipe.
- Another embodiment of the invention comprises a housing having a rectangular plenum having an open top portion into which seats a topplate having substantially flat and upwardly and outwardly extending sides.
- This embodiment utilizes a flat filter arrangement, the components of which are compressed between the lower, inner surface of the plenum and the flat surface of the topplate by nuts and carriage bolts that extend through openings in the flat surface of the topplate, the lower surface of the plenum, and the components of the filter arrangement.
- Another embodiment of the invention comprises a similar flat filter arrangement, and housing comprising a plenum having dual components that are secured together along outwardly extending flanges by bolts.
- Flat plates, each having an outwardly extending pipe are secured to the ends of the plenum to seal the housing.
- Another embodiment of the invention includes a housing having an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, which defining an exhaust gas flow path through the housing, and a filter arrangement is disposed within the gas flow.
- the filtering arrangement includes a plurality of inlet cells, microporous filter elements and outlet cells, which are alternately arranged with at least one microporous filter element disposed between each inlet cell and adjacent outlet cell. A portion of the filter elements extend past the inlet and outlet cells.
- the inlet and outlet cells, and the microporous filter elements comprise materials that are resistant to high temperatures such that the filtering arrangement may be regenerated by heat.
- the filter assembly may further include an insulating material coupled to the housing.
- the insulating material is resistant to the high temperatures to which it may be exposed during regeneration of the filtering means.
- the insulation of the housing in addition to lessening heat dissipation within the plenum, serves to enhance the safety of the filter assembly by reducing the surface temperature of the housing.
- Each of the filter arrangements utilizes materials that are highly resistent to excess temperature so that the exhaust filter may be regenerated by heat provided by any appropriate method. Further, the filters, while having a much higher efficiency than present ceramic and metal trap filter designs, provide effective filtration of soot expelled from the diesel engine with a minimal pressure drop across the filter.
- the filter arrangements preferably comprise a fiber filter sandwiched between woven wire mesh.
- the fiber filter preferably comprises quartz, borosilicate-E or aluminosilicate.
- the structure of the exhaust filter is such that it may be easily disassembled to facilitate service, even after the device has been installed on a vehicle.
- the housing includes a plenum and at least one removable endplate. Once the endplate has been disassembled from the plenum, the self-contained filter arrangement may be removed to permit replacement or further cleaning. The filter arrangement may then be reinserted and the housing easily reassembled.
- the exhuast filter may also incorporate an electric heater in the plenum, which may be operated from an electric source in the vehicle.
- the electric heater may serve to heat the plenum in order to initiate the regeneration of the filter assembly.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary filter system embodying the invention
- FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the filter system of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a portion of the filter arrangement of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the filter system taken along line 4-4 in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an alternate embodiment of the filter system shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an alternate embodiment of the filter system shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the filter system taken along line 7-7 in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 is a view of an alternate embodiment of the embodiment of the filter system shown in FIG.l;
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the filter system taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 8;
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the filter arrangement of FIG. 9;
- FIG. 11 is a top view of an inlet cell of FIG. 10;
- FIG. 12 is a top view of an alternate embodiment of inlet cell
- FIG. 13 is a side view of the inlet cell taken along line 13-13 of FIG. 13-13;
- FIG. 14 is a side view of the inlet cell taken along line 14-14 of FIG. 14-14;
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of the invention of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 16 is a partially cutaway top view of the inlet end of an alternate embodiment of the filter system of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the filter system of FIG. 16;
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of a portion of the housing of the filter system of FIG. 16;
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of an alternate embodiment of the filter system of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 an exhaust filter system 20 for use in the exhaust system of a diesel powered vehicle.
- the filter system 20 includes a housing 22 having an inlet pipe 24 and an outlet pipe 26.
- the housing 22 may be connected in-line with the exhaust system of a diesel powered vehicle to provide a flow of exhaust gases from the engine into the inlet pipe 24, through the housing 22, and out of the outlet pipe 26 to the atmosphere.
- the inlet and outlet pipes 24, 26 are on the order of two inches, or fifty millimeters in diameter.
- a self-contained filter arrangement 28 in line with the gas flow through the housing 22, as shown in the exploded view in FIG. 2.
- the filter arrangement 28 provides high efficiency filtration of the gases passing therethrough, , while providing a relatively low pressure drop across the filter system 20.
- the filter arrangement 28, and, indeed, the filter system 20 is comprised of materials that are highly resistant to heat required for the regeneration process.
- the housing 22 comprises a plenum 30, which is generally configured as a rectangular parallelpiped. It will be appreciated, however, that the housing 22 as well as the self-contained filter arrangement 28, may be of a suitable alternate geometric design.
- the inlet pipe 24 and the outlet pipe 26 are formed integrally with the endplates 32, 34, respectively.
- the endplates 32, 34 are provided with flanges 33, 34 for coupling the endplates 32, 34 to the plenum 30 by way of bolts 36 or other suitable fastening devices, which extend through the flanges 33, 34 and the plenum 30.
- the housing 22 may be easily disassembled for maintenance or replacement of the filter arrangement 28, even after installation.
- the housing 22 may be of any appropriate dimensions, a currently preferred design is on the order of eight inches by fifteen inches by six inches. However, for larger engines, or different vehicles, these dimensions may be effectively altered to different proportions to fit the space provided.
- the housing 22 may be coupled to an insulating material, which is resistant to the high temperatures to which such material may be exposed during regeneration of the filtering arrangement 28.
- the plenum is wrapped with the insulating material and preferably all of the outer side of the housing is wrapped with the insulating material.
- the insulation may be sandwiched between inner and outer walls of the housing 22.
- Figure 18 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of the plenum 30 of this embodiment.
- the insulating material 210 is sandwiched between inner and outer walls 30A, 3OB of the plenum 30.
- the insulating material may be a blanket wrapped around the interior or exterior of the housing 22.
- Suitable insulation material may comprise inorganic fibers capable of withstanding the temperatures produced during regeneration of the filtering means, e.g., calcium silicate fibers.
- the presence of the layer of insulating material minimizes heat loss from the housing. This allows the high temperatures required to burn off soot collected in the filtering means to be achieved with a lower energy input. By preventing the dissipation of heat from the filter assembly, the insulation also increases the efficiency of the soot burn off once combustion of the soot has been initiated and enhances the safety of the filter assembly by reducing the surface temperature of the housing.
- the housing 22 may be provided with mounting brackets (not shown) .
- the mounting brackets may be formed integrally with one of the components of the housing 22, or may be formed as separate components, which may be then be coupled to the housing 22.
- the self-contained filter arrangement 28 is shown in greater detail in FIG. 3.
- the filter arrangement 28 is configured as a rectangular parallelpiped and generally comprises an assembly of inlet cells 40, outlet cells 42, and filter elements 44 compressed between opposite impervious endplates 46, 48, which may be integrally formed with the inlet and outlet cells 40, 42, as shown in FIG. 3.
- the inlet and outlet cells 40, 42 which may be identical to each other, are relatively thin structures.
- the configuration of the self-contained filtering means provides access to both sides of the microporous filter elements, thereby increasing the soot load capacity and life of the filter assembly.
- Each cell 40, 42 includes four frame members 40a- 40d, 42a-42d joined in a rectangular frame and a number of support members.
- each cell 40, 42 includes two support members 40e-40f, 42e-42f connected between opposite frame members 40b, 40d, 42b, 42d.
- any number of support members arranged in any appropriate configuration or geometry may be utilized. Small cells may not require support members.
- one of the opposite frame members 40a, 42a contains several apertures 50, 52, which interconnect the exterior of the cell 40, 42 and the interior spaces 54, 56 between the frame and support members 40a-40f, 42a-42f.
- the apertures 50, 52 are of a rectangular shape. The rectangular shape provides highly efficient air flow through the cells 40, 42. It will be appreciated, however, that the apertures 50, 52 may be of any appropriate shape.
- the cells 40, 42 may be fabricated by any appropriate method; for example, the cells 40, 42 may be milled, machined, or cast. According to one low cost method, the cells 40, 42 may be flame cut or machined from flat sheet metal. The apertures may then be drilled in one of the frame members. Another low cost method is to cast the cells in steel or iron.
- the inlet and outlet cells 40, 42 are distributed alternately within the filter arrangement 28 with the frame and support members 40a-f of the inlet cells 40 lying opposite the frame and support members 42a-42f of the outlet cells 42, respectively.
- the inlet and outlet cells 40, 42 are further arranged so all of the inlet apertures 50 and none of the outlet apertures 52 open onto one surface of the filter arrangement 28, defining an inlet surface 58 facing the endplate 32, as shown in FIG. 2.
- all of the outlet apertures 52 open onto the opposite surface of the filter arrangement 28, defining an outlet surface 60 facing 180 degrees from the inlet surface 58.
- the outlet apertures 52 may open onto a side surface or surfaces of the filter arrangement 28, or any appropriate combination thereof, so long as the inlet apertures 50 are sealed from the outlet apertures 52.
- the filter elements 44 each comprise one or more layers of a microporous filter 57 for removing particulate contaminants, e.g., carbon and hydrocarbon particles.
- the filters 57 are exposed to excessive temperatures, as well as hydrocarbons, chlorides, and acid forming exhaust. Consequently, the filter material must be highly resistant to high temperatures and chemical deterioration.
- a variety of microporous filter materials or combinations thereof are suitable for use in the filter element 44, including ceramic fibers, porous metal fiber, or porous metal powder.
- Such materials as high purity silica, aluminosilicate or borosilicate-E glass, powdered metal alloys, boron, and carbon fibers, as well as other synthetic fibrous or matrix-forming materials may likewise be used.
- any inorganic fibrous material that has a service temperature of at least 1200°F may be used if the material is capable of forming a filter media that will permit the efficient removal of solid contaminants, such as soot particles, at a low pressure drop. It will be appreciated, however, that the filter medium utilized preferably provides a high efficiency filter and is able to withstand repeated heating to high temperatures.
- the filter elements of the present invention comprise fibers having an average fiber diameter of from about 0.25 micron to about 15 microns and preferably of from about 0.5 micron to about 2.0 microns. Additionally, the filter element is preferably fashioned as a compressible material to allow the filter elements to be sealingly compressed when pressure is applied to the inlet and outlet cells.
- a preferred filter 57 comprises quartz fiber, which is able to withstand extremely high temperatures, and has a high efficiency. Quartz fibers, such as Manville Corning type 104, 106, 108, 110 grades, or blends thereof, may be used. This filter is advantageous in that it blends fibers from under one-half micron in diameter to four microns into a highly porous sheet with low air resistance, while retaining integrity without the addition of binders. Further, these quartz fibers have melting points over 2500 ⁇ F, and a wide range of chemical resistance.
- Borosilicate-E glass fibers, aluminosilicate fibers or chromium-containing aluminosilicate fibers are also preferred as materials which may be used in the filter elements of the present invention. These materials are commercially available in blends of very fine fibers. For instance, borosilicate-E glass fibers are commercially available in a variety of average fiber diameters, such as 104, 106 and 108B grade fibers, available from Johns-Manville Corporation.
- the filter elements 57 may preferably include a blend of borosilicate-E glass fibers having an average fiber diameter of 0.65 microns and a surface area of 2.3 m 2 /g.
- Borosilicate-E glass fibers have a service temperature of 1200°F, a softening point of over 1500°F, and excellent chemical resistance.
- Aluminosilicate fibers and chromium- containing aluminosilicate fibers such as are available from Johns-Manville Corporation with an average fiber diameter of 3-4 microns, may also be used in the filter elements of the present invention.
- Aluminosilicate fibers and chromium-containing aluminosilicate fibers have melting points above 3200°F, and a wide range of chemical resistance. It will likewise be appreciated that alternate filter arrangements may be utilized.
- One or more grades of filters may be utilized to act as a prefilter.
- the filter arrangement may include a multi-layered structure, where the first layer to be contacted by the exhaust gas flow has a larger pore size than the adjacent downstream layer.
- This arrangement provides efficient removal of soot particles at a low pressure drop while making the filter element less susceptible to clogging. Such arrangements may serve to extend the life of the filters.
- support elements 59 may be provided adjacent the microporous filters 44 in order to provide additional support thereto.
- any metal mesh which is capable of providing support to the areas of the filter elements unsupported by the frame members of the inlet and outlet cells, may be used.
- the support elements are able to withstand the temperatures produced during the regeneration of the filter elements and typically have a service temperature of at least 1200 ⁇ F. In some applications, where the filter assembly is subjected to higher temperatures during use, a service temperature of at least 1500°F is preferred.
- preferred embodiments of the invention utilize a woven metal wire mesh, sintered metal fibers, or a sintered, woven metal mesh, such as RIGIMESH, a product available from Pall Corporation.
- the woven wire mesh is typically formed of a metal such as a carbon steel or low-alloy steel.
- Woven wire mesh formed from stainless steel (e.g., 304, 316 or 347 stainless steel) or higher alloys may also be used, particularly where enhanced corrosion resistance is desired.
- Mesh sizes such as 100 mesh, 90 x 100 mesh or 70 mesh are typically used. These mesh sizes have a very fine wire size and a pore size that is small enough to retain the fibers of the filter element but large enough to avoid creating a large pressure drop across the filter element.
- a porous metal media, such as PMM media, available from Pall Corporation, may likewise be suitable.
- the impervious endplates 46, 48 are preferably fashioned from sheet metal to provide additional structural integrity. Each endplate 46, 48 is located adjacent an inlet or outlet cell, 40, 42, preferably with a gasket or other supplemental sealant disposed between them.
- the endplates 46, 48 are disposed on opposite ends of an interconnecting frame assembly 64. While a variety of interconnecting frame assemblies 64 may be suitable, including a spring biased clamping assembly, in the exemplary exhaust filter system 20, the interconnecting frame assembly 64 comprises tie rods or carriage bolts 66 running through holes 68 in the corners of the cells 40, 42 and endplates 46, 48 and through cut-outs or holes 70 in the corners of the filter elements 44. Wing nuts 72 are threaded onto the threaded ends of the carriage bolts 66 and may be tightened to provide the desired compression.
- Gaskets may be provided between the filter elements 44, the support screens 59, and the inlet and outlet cells 40, 42 to eliminate or minimize leakage. However, the fine fiber materials of the filter elements 44 and openings in the mesh support screen 59 may seal together in a manner that prevents leakage, thus eliminating the need for gasket materials in these locations.
- a gasket 74 is disposed between the plenum 30 and the filter arrangement 28 to prevent leakage of the air from between them. The gasket 74 may also dampens vibrations and noise.
- the gasket may be formed of any suitable high temperature material, including quartz sheets, magnesium fiber, or other mineral compositions. Alternately, the gasket 74 may be a commercial high temperature metallic-type gasket, such as, for example, the type available from Flexetallic Company.
- gasket may be constructed of any appropriate cross-section.
- metal gaskets may be constructed of a ">" cross-section, wherein the deflection of the open end will create a self-adjusting seal between the two surfaces.
- Such an "elastic" metal seal would also accommodate variations of manufacturing tolerances of the components.
- the exhaust flows generally parallel to the adjacent filter elements 44 into the interior spaces 54 of the inlet cells 40. It then changes direction and passes through either of the adjacent filter elements 44 where particulate contaminants are removed. After passing through the filter elements 44, the purified air flows into the interior spaces 56 of the outlet cells 42 and again changes direction, flowing generally parallel to the adjacent filter elements 44 through the outlet apertures 52.
- the air is evenly distributed along the filter elements 44 as it flows generally parallel to the filter elements 44.
- the air then flows substantially perpendicularly through the filter elements 44. In this way, particulates are substantially evenly distributed along the filter elements 44.
- the filter arrangement 28 may include a large number of filter elements 44, and, therefore, present a large filtering area, in a relatively small space. Further, as the adjacent frame members and filters elements 44 provide sufficiently large contact area, leakage of air between the frame members and the filter elements 44 is prevented when the assembly of cells 40, 42 and filter elements 44 is compressed by tightening the wing nuts onto the carriage bolts 66. Thus no gaskets or supplemental sealants are required between the filter elements 44 and the inlet or outlet cells 40, 42.
- the self-contained filter arrangement 28 is easy to service. With either of the endplates 32 or 34 removed, as explained above, the self-contained filter arrangement 38 may be easily removed from the plenum 30.
- One or more of the filter elements 44 may be removed and cleaned or replaced simply by loosening the wing nuts 72 on the carriage bolts 66.
- the flexible filter elements 44 may be removed from the filter arrangement 28 by simply loosening the wing nuts 72, rather than completely removing them, inasmuch as the corners of the filter elements 44 have cutouts 70, rather than holes.
- FIG. 19 shows an alternative embodiment of the present invention which is configured substantially as in the first embodiment of the present invention and those elements corresponding to elements in the first embodiment of the present invention retain the reference numerals.
- the embodiment shown in FIG. 19 includes "wedge- shaped" inlet and outlet cells 40x, 42x.
- the inlet cells 4Ox have inlet end frame members 220 that are thicker than the blind outlet end frame members 221.
- the outlet cells 42x have outlet end frame members 222 that are thicker than the blind inlet end frame members 223.
- the side frame members (not shown) of the inlet and outlet cells are tapered accordingly. For a given number of filter elements, this configuration permits the construction of a filter assembly having smaller external dimensions than would be possible with an assembly having the parallel filter element configuration.
- FIGS. 16 and 17 Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 16 and 17.
- the filter assembly of this embodiment is configured- substantially as in the first embodiment of the present invention and those elements corresponding to elements in the first embodiment of the present invention retain the reference numerals.
- the housing 22 includes a diffuser baffle 200.
- the inlet chamber 204 may be partitioned by a diffuser baffle 200 into an outer inlet chamber 202 communicating with the inlet pipe, and an inner inlet chamber communicating with the inlet cells.
- the baffle 200 has perforations 206 therethrough and comprises materials that are resistant to the high temperatures that may be produced during regeneration of the filtering arrangement.
- the total area of the perforations 206 is no less than about 25% and preferably about one-half the total surface area of the baffle 200.
- the baffle 200 has 1/4 inch diameter perforations 206, the total area of which is about 50% of the total surface area of the baffle 200.
- the baffle 200 serves to better distribute incoming gases in the inlet chamber 204 without significantly increasing back pressure in the exhaust system. This allows higher incoming exhaust gas velocities to be accommodated and enhances the efficiency of the filter system.
- the filter arrangement 28, a portion of the filter element 57 extends past the inlet and outlet cells 40, 42.
- the filter arrangement includes a filter support element 59 disposed along each side of each filter element 57.
- the filter element 57 is disposed between two adjacent support elements 59, which may be fastened together, e.g., with staples, along the inlet edge 207 to prevent damage to the filter element 57.
- portions of the filter element 57 and the filter support element 59 disposed adjacent the microporous filter element 57 extend past the inlet and outlet cells 40, 42 into the inlet chamber 204 to form an initiator section 201.
- the initiator section 201 extends a sufficient distance beyond the inlet and outlet cells 40, 42, typically, about 1/2 inch to 1 inch, to permit the initiator section 201 to be heated by entering exhaust gas without a substantial dissipation of heat, thereby, to facilitate combustion of the solid contaminants.
- the inlet cells 40, the outlet cells 42, the microporous filter elements 57, and the filter support elements 59 comprise materials that are resistant to high temperatures such that the filtering arrangement may be regenerated by heat.
- exhaust gas flows from the inlet port into inlet chamber 204, past initiator sections 201, into the inlet cells 40, through the filter elements 57 and filter support elements 59 and out through the outlet cells 42.
- Solid contaminants such as soot particles, are collected on the initiator sections 201 as well as on the portions of the filter elements 57 between the inlet and outlet cells 40, 42.
- the initiator sections 201 which extend into the inlet chamber 204 contact hot incoming gases before heat can be dissipated through the inlet and outlet cells 40, 42. This allows the initiator sections 201 to be heated more rapidly and to a higher temperature than the remaining portions of the filter elements and support elements during the regeneration phase of a filter cycle.
- the initiator sections facilitate the ignition of soot particles during the initial stage of the regeneration phase and as a result, the efficiency of combustion of trapped soot particles is enhanced.
- the housing 22A comprises a generally cylindrical shaped plenum 30A to which the inlet endplate 32A is secured by bolts 36A along an outwardly extending flange 80.
- the self- contained filter arrangement 28A is likewise of a generally cylindrical shape.
- post spacers 84 are provided along the inlet side of the housing 22A. It will be appreciated that the incoming exhaust flows into the housing 22A through the inlet pipe 24A, past the post spacers 84, and through the filter arrangement 28A, and out of the outlet pipe 26A.
- the cylindrical filter arrangement 28A is preferably of pleated design, sandwiching a filter medium between alloy mesh supports.
- the filter medium may include TissuquartzTM, sandwiched between stainless steel 40-60 mesh, of the types available from Pall Corporation.
- Other preferred filter media comprise quartz fibers, borosilicate-E fibers, aluminosilicate fibers or chromium-containing aluminosilicate fibers.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 Another embodiment of the invention, which is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, provides a combination of a flat filter 90, as in the first embodiment, and a cylindrical filter 92, as with the second embodiment in a single exhaust filter system.
- the flat filter 90 may be supported on a flat frame 94 within the housing, while the cylindrical filter 90 may be held in position by the post spacers 84B. It will thus be appreciated, that air enters the housing 22B through the inlet pipe 24B, passes through the flat filter 90 and the cylindrical filter 92, and passes out of the housing 22B through the outlet pipe 26B to the atmosphere.
- the housing 22B may include endplates that may be secured to the plenum by any appropriate method.
- the filter system 20C includes a housing 22C having an inlet pipe 24C and an outlet pipe (not shown) .
- the housing 22C comprises a plenum 100 having a rectangular box shape with an open top.
- the housing 22C further comprises a topplate 102 having a flat surface 104 and upwardly and outwardly extending sides 106.
- the lower surface 108 of the plenum 100 and the topplate 102 are provided with corresponding holes 110, 112 through which tie rods or carriage bolts 114 may be inserted. Nuts 116 may then be tightened onto the bolts 114 to tighten the topplate 102 onto the plenum 100 and secure the components together.
- topplate 102 As the topplate 102 is pressed downward within the open top of the plenum 100, the upwardly and outwardly extending sides 106 of the topplate 102 will form a seal between the plenum 100 and the topplate 102.
- the filter arrangement 28C Disposed within the plenum 100 is a self- contained filter arrangement 28C, which is shown in more detail in FIG. 10.
- the filter arrangement 28C comprises an arrangement of inlet and outlet cells 40C, 42C, filter elements 44C, and support screens 59C, similar to those shown in FIGS. 2-4.
- the components are provided with a plurality of openings 118, similar to the holes 68 and holes 70 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2-4.
- the assembly bolts 114 may be inserted through the openings 110 in the lower surface 108 of the plenum 100, the openings 118 of the filter arrangement 28C, and the openings 112 in the topplate 102 and the nuts 116 tightened down to assemble the filter system 20C.
- the system 20C may be assembled without the use of gaskets, as the filter arrangement 28C seats directly against the lower surface of the plenum 100 and the topplate 102, and tightening the assembly bolts 114 and nuts 116 compresses the assembly, including the filter elements 44C, cells 40C, 42C, and support screens 59C. This type of arrangement provides easier maintenance and extends the life of the system 20C.
- a method of sealing porous metal support screens and sintered filters is by swaging the edges with a forming press and dies.
- metal edges may be sealed by welding.
- the inlet apertures 50C and outlet apertures are round.
- the inlet and outlet cells 40C, 42C may be more easily understood with reference to FIG. 11, which shows an inlet cell 40C. It will be appreciated, however, that the outlet cell 42C may be of a similar construction.
- gas enters the cell 40C through the apertures 50C and flows parallel to the support members 40eC-40fC, passes through the support screens 59C and the filter element 44C, and enters the outlet cell 42C to be passed out of the filter arrangement 28C.
- FIGS. 12-14 An alternate inlet/outlet cell 40D arrangement is shown in FIGS. 12-14.
- gas enters the cell 40D through apertures 50D.
- the apertures are round; the apertures, however, may be of an alternate configuration. It will be appreciated that in this configuration, rather than flowing parallel, the gas flows through the cell 40D substantially perpendicularly to the support members 40eD-40fD.
- the support members 40eD- 40fD are of a configuration that permits the gas to flow perpendicularly past the support member.
- the "alternating step" design shown in FIG. 14 is particularly suitable for permitting gas flow past the support member 40eD-40fD by way of openings 120.
- gas flows into the cell 40D through the apertures 50D.
- the gas may then flow directly through the adjacent support screens and filter element (not shown) , or, may pass one or more support members 40eD-40fD by way of openings 120 and then flow through the adjacent support screens and filter element. It will be appreciated that if the gas flows past only one support member 40eD of the inlet cell 40D or flows directly through the adjacent support screens and filter element, the gas must pass similar one or more similar support members of the outlet cell before flowing out of the apertures of the outlet cell (not shown) .
- the housing 22E comprises a substantially rectangularly shaped plenum 30E that is formed in two mating sections 124, 126 with outwardly extending flanges 128, 130. In order to secure the sections 124, 126 together, nuts 132 and bolts 134 are tightened together through openings in the flanges 128, 130.
- the housing 22E further comprises endplates 32E (the outlet endplate is substantially identical to the inlet endplate) , which include a flat plate 136 from which extends an inlet pipe 24E or outlet pipe (not shown) for coupling to the exhaust system.
- the flat plate 136 is coupled to the plenum 30E by any appropriate method to provide a seal of the mating surfaces of the sections 124, 126.
- the flat plate 136 is bolted to the plenum 30E.
- the filter arrangement 28E may be of any of the designs discussed above.
- a test was carried out to determine the ability of a filter assembly of the present invention to remove solid contaminants from the exhaust gases of a diesel engine.
- the filter assembly was fitted on the exhaust discharge of a Lombardini 6LD 435/B1 monocylindrical, direct injection, 4 phase, air cooled type diesel engine.
- the engine which is representative of the "Light Duty" class of diesel engines, was run at two air/fuel ranges on a stationary bench.
- the filter assembly was configured substantially as shown in FIG. 1-4 and included microfibrous filter elements disposed between two woven wire mesh support elements.
- the filter elements were formed from borosilicate-E glass fibers having an mean fiber diameter of 0.65 micron and a surface area of 2.3 m 2 /g.
- the support elements were made of a 90 x 100 woven wire mesh of 304 stainless steel.
- the filter arrangement contains 35 filter elements, each of which have an exposed area of about 1.4 square feet (note that both sides of each filter element is exposed) .
- the invention provides an improved exhaust filter system for a diesel engine.
- Each of the embodiments set forth utilizes materials that are highly resistent to heat. Consequently, the exhaust filter is regenerable. Further, the particular materials utilized maximize the efficiency of the filter while minimizing the resultant pressure drop across the filter, and, therefore, minimizes the effect of the filter on engine performance.
- the filter is of an uncomplicated design that may be easily assembled and disassembled in the field so that the filter system may be easily serviced.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/107,841 US5470364A (en) | 1992-01-07 | 1993-01-07 | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter |
JP5512506A JPH06505785A (en) | 1992-01-07 | 1993-01-07 | diesel engine exhaust filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/817,595 | 1992-01-07 | ||
US07/817,595 US5228891A (en) | 1992-01-07 | 1992-01-07 | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993013848A1 true WO1993013848A1 (en) | 1993-07-22 |
Family
ID=25223433
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1993/000022 WO1993013848A1 (en) | 1992-01-07 | 1993-01-07 | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5228891A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0579803A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH06505785A (en) |
AU (1) | AU3431093A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2105482A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993013848A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115324687A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-11 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Particle catcher and automobile aftertreatment system |
Families Citing this family (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5457945A (en) * | 1992-01-07 | 1995-10-17 | Pall Corporation | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter and heater |
US20020141910A1 (en) * | 1992-01-07 | 2002-10-03 | Adiletta Joseph G. | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter |
US5470364A (en) * | 1992-01-07 | 1995-11-28 | Pall Corporation | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter |
WO1994007588A1 (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-04-14 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Heat-resistant filter |
US5655212A (en) * | 1993-03-12 | 1997-08-05 | Micropyretics Heaters International, Inc. | Porous membranes |
JP2732031B2 (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1998-03-25 | 株式会社いすゞセラミックス研究所 | Exhaust particulate filter for diesel engine |
US5595580A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1997-01-21 | Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Diesel particulate filter and control device therefor |
US5673483A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1997-10-07 | Morton International, Inc. | Method for constructing an inflator filter made of wrapped mesh |
US5453116A (en) * | 1994-06-13 | 1995-09-26 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Self supporting hot gas filter assembly |
DE69514608T2 (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 2000-09-21 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Particle filter |
US5611831A (en) * | 1994-11-16 | 1997-03-18 | Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Diesel particulate filter apparatus |
US5681373A (en) * | 1995-03-13 | 1997-10-28 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Planar solid-state membrane module |
JPH0949421A (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1997-02-18 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Particulate trap for diesel engine |
US5830250A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1998-11-03 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Stepped hot gas filter cartridge |
JPH10317945A (en) * | 1997-05-21 | 1998-12-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Exhaust gas cleaning device |
AU1949299A (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 2000-07-31 | Rypos, Inc. | Self-cleaning and self-sealing particle filter |
US5853437A (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1998-12-29 | Peter; Klaus J. | Self-cleaning and self-sealing particle filter |
US6325834B1 (en) * | 1998-05-18 | 2001-12-04 | Roberto Fonseca | Exhaust filter and catalyst structure |
WO2000000721A1 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2000-01-06 | Pall Corporation | Internal combustion engine exhaust filters |
US6572682B2 (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2003-06-03 | Rypos, Inc. | Self-cleaning filter system using direct electrically heated sintered metal fiber filter media |
US7214350B2 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2007-05-08 | Capital Technology, S.A. | Device for the continuous burning of carbon particles |
US6841790B1 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-01-11 | Miltec Corporation | Snap-in radio frequency screen for ultraviolet lamp system |
US20070041880A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2007-02-22 | Bernd Reinsch | Exhaust treatment device |
FR2864577B1 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2006-05-05 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | FILTRATION STRUCTURE, ESPECIALLY PARTICULATE FILTER FOR EXHAUST GASES OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND REINFORCING MEMBER FOR SUCH A STRUCTURE |
DE102005006122A1 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2005-09-15 | Arvin Technologies, Inc., Troy | Particulate filter assembly for trapping particulate matter in exhaust gas from internal combustion engines, has conductor for mounting filter in tube and defining exhaust gas outlet passageway to conduct exhaust gas to end cap outlet |
DE102006009164B4 (en) * | 2006-02-20 | 2011-06-09 | Alantum Corporation, Seongnam | Device for the separation of particles contained in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines |
US20080083334A1 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-10 | Pronob Bardhan | Method and system for removing ash from a filter |
WO2008086445A1 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Diesel particulate filter assembly |
US8061530B2 (en) | 2009-04-09 | 2011-11-22 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Filtration sealing system |
US9010096B2 (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2015-04-21 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Exhaust component mounting system |
CN114288725B (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2023-06-13 | 康明斯过滤Ip公司 | Interlocking stable filter assembly |
US11141687B2 (en) | 2016-05-02 | 2021-10-12 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Filter with interlocking housing interface |
DE112018000527T5 (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2019-10-10 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | ADVANCED THREADED ADAPTER FOR THREADLESS COAT |
DE112018000382T5 (en) | 2017-02-21 | 2019-09-26 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Corrugated interlocking housing endplate interface geometry |
WO2018169648A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Filtration sealing system |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1453653A (en) * | 1965-11-12 | 1966-06-03 | Dunlop Rubber Co | Filter for gases and liquids |
US5171341A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1992-12-15 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Concentric-tube diesel particulate filter |
Family Cites Families (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA704092A (en) * | 1965-02-16 | K. Campbell James | Glass cloth | |
FR45504E (en) * | 1934-03-26 | 1935-09-12 | Method and devices for establishing a breathable atmosphere in a sealed enclosure or not | |
US2192968A (en) * | 1938-02-26 | 1940-03-12 | American Radiator & Standard | Filtering device |
US3380810A (en) * | 1963-11-26 | 1968-04-30 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Catalytic converter-muffler with a protected catalyst retainer means |
US3350860A (en) * | 1965-12-15 | 1967-11-07 | Donaldson Co Inc | Gas filter |
DE2935564A1 (en) * | 1979-09-03 | 1981-03-19 | Kraftanlagen Ag, 6900 Heidelberg | HOT GAS FILTER |
JPS56148607A (en) * | 1980-04-18 | 1981-11-18 | Enukoa:Kk | Exhaust gas filter for diesel engine |
AU540009B2 (en) * | 1982-02-16 | 1984-10-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Exhaust gas filter |
US4416675A (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-11-22 | Corning Glass Works | High capacity solid particulate filter apparatus |
US4415344A (en) * | 1982-03-01 | 1983-11-15 | Corning Glass Works | Diesel particulate filters for use with smaller diesel engines |
US4645605A (en) * | 1984-07-13 | 1987-02-24 | Agritec, Inc. | Filtration with biogenetic silica |
DE3501182A1 (en) * | 1985-01-16 | 1986-07-17 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | EXHAUST FILTER FOR DIESEL ENGINES |
DE3686278T2 (en) * | 1985-03-05 | 1993-03-18 | Brehk Ventures | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FILTERING SOLID PARTICLES FROM A DIESEL ENGINE EXHAUST. |
DE3663839D1 (en) * | 1985-03-08 | 1989-07-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Exhaust gas filter for diesel engine |
US4626265A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1986-12-02 | Pall Corporation | Purification system |
GB8605058D0 (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1986-04-09 | Porous Element Heating Ltd | Removal of particulate material from gas |
US4687579A (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-08-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Sintered composite medium and filter |
US4801317A (en) * | 1986-05-12 | 1989-01-31 | Agnew Boyd F | High efficiency particulate air filter and separators |
EP0246917B1 (en) * | 1986-05-23 | 1992-07-22 | W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | High performance gas filter |
US4720972A (en) * | 1986-10-17 | 1988-01-26 | Ford Motor Company | Low energy regeneration system for particulate trap for an internal combustion engine |
DE3712333A1 (en) * | 1987-04-11 | 1988-10-20 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg | REGENERATABLE FILTER ARRANGEMENT FOR REMOVING SOOT PARTICLES FROM EXHAUST GASES |
DE3730035A1 (en) * | 1987-09-08 | 1989-03-16 | Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik | Soot filter system in the exhaust tract of a diesel internal combustion engine |
DE3788421T2 (en) * | 1987-09-22 | 1994-06-30 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Apparatus for treating particles in the exhaust gas from a diesel engine. |
JPH01159408A (en) * | 1987-09-25 | 1989-06-22 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Exhaust gas processor for diesel engine and method thereof |
DE3734197A1 (en) * | 1987-10-09 | 1989-04-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | DEVICE FOR REMOVING SOLID PARTICLES, IN PARTICULAR CARBON PARTICLES, FROM THE EXHAUST GAS FROM AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
JPH01125512A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1989-05-18 | Shin Caterpillar Mitsubishi Ltd | Exhausted particulate treatment device for diesel engine |
DE3806324A1 (en) * | 1988-02-27 | 1989-08-31 | Daimler Benz Ag | SOOT COMBUSTION FILTER FOR DIESEL ENGINES |
US4979364A (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1990-12-25 | Fleck Carl M | Diesel fuel exhaust gas filter |
DE3830977A1 (en) * | 1988-09-12 | 1990-03-15 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg | FILTER ARRANGEMENT FOR REMOVING SOOT PARTICLES FROM EXHAUST GASES FROM AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
US4923487A (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1990-05-08 | The Duriron Company, Inc. | Cross flow diesel particulate trap |
DE3837472C2 (en) * | 1988-11-04 | 1998-09-24 | Deutz Ag | Particulate filter system |
US4960449A (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-10-02 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Ceramic particulate trap and method of making the same |
US5053062A (en) * | 1989-09-22 | 1991-10-01 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Ceramic foam prefilter for diesel exhaust filter system |
-
1992
- 1992-01-07 US US07/817,595 patent/US5228891A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-01-07 CA CA002105482A patent/CA2105482A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-01-07 EP EP19930902907 patent/EP0579803A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-01-07 JP JP5512506A patent/JPH06505785A/en active Pending
- 1993-01-07 AU AU34310/93A patent/AU3431093A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-01-07 WO PCT/US1993/000022 patent/WO1993013848A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1453653A (en) * | 1965-11-12 | 1966-06-03 | Dunlop Rubber Co | Filter for gases and liquids |
US5171341A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1992-12-15 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Concentric-tube diesel particulate filter |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115324687A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-11 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Particle catcher and automobile aftertreatment system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5228891A (en) | 1993-07-20 |
AU3431093A (en) | 1993-08-03 |
CA2105482A1 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
JPH06505785A (en) | 1994-06-30 |
EP0579803A4 (en) | 1994-03-17 |
EP0579803A1 (en) | 1994-01-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5470364A (en) | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter | |
US5228891A (en) | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter | |
US5457945A (en) | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter and heater | |
US20020141910A1 (en) | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter | |
US6387143B1 (en) | Internal combustion engine exhaust filters | |
US4364761A (en) | Ceramic filters for diesel exhaust particulates and methods for making | |
US20010043891A1 (en) | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter | |
EP0112634B1 (en) | Ceramic monolith particulate filter trap support | |
GB2064360A (en) | Ceramic filters for diesel exhaust particulates and methods for making such filters | |
GB2064361A (en) | Ceramic filters for diesel exhaust particulates and methods for making such filters | |
US4129429A (en) | Dual element air filter | |
US4390355A (en) | Wall-flow monolith filter | |
US6063150A (en) | Self-cleaning and self-sealing particle filter | |
US4960449A (en) | Ceramic particulate trap and method of making the same | |
US6991673B2 (en) | Filter element | |
CA2538882C (en) | Exhaust gas filter and filtering system | |
US4423090A (en) | Method of making wall-flow monolith filter | |
AU661907B2 (en) | Gas filter | |
US5853437A (en) | Self-cleaning and self-sealing particle filter | |
US5782941A (en) | Particulate trap for diesel engine | |
US6102976A (en) | Exhaust gas purifier | |
JPH02280807A (en) | Filter | |
JPH05231126A (en) | Particulate trap for filter module and diesel engine | |
KR20020022343A (en) | Apparatus for Reducing of Diesel Particulate Using Ceramic Fibers | |
JPH05214922A (en) | Particulate trap for diesel engine |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 08088365 Country of ref document: US |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT AU BB BG BR CA CH DE DK ES FI GB HU JP KP KR LK LU MG MN MW NL NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SK UA US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR SN TD TG |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1993902907 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 08107841 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2105482 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1993902907 Country of ref document: EP |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1993902907 Country of ref document: EP |