WO1993021486A1 - Frost control system - Google Patents
Frost control system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993021486A1 WO1993021486A1 PCT/US1993/003437 US9303437W WO9321486A1 WO 1993021486 A1 WO1993021486 A1 WO 1993021486A1 US 9303437 W US9303437 W US 9303437W WO 9321486 A1 WO9321486 A1 WO 9321486A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- door
- control system
- volume
- warm
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
- F25D21/04—Preventing the formation of frost or condensate
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to warm air frost control systems. More particularly, this invention relates to a frost control system for discharging heated air at the bottom portion of a frost controlled surface and advantageously inhibits the formation of frost on upper portions of the frost controlled surface by means of convection forces.
- the condensation may drip to the floor of the freezer entrance resulting in a hazardous surface for persons entering and leaving the cold-storage locker.
- the condensation freezes upon the hinges and other surfaces of the freezer door as well as surfaces adjacent to the door such as the floor.
- the accumulated frost hampers the opening and closing of the entrance to the cold-storage locker.
- Frosted or iced transparent door panels or windows obstruct vision to the other side of the door creating a saf ty hazard for persons entering and leaving the storage locker. Freezing of the joints presents the danger of locking the joints of the door.
- frost control system to prevent the condensation of water vapor upon the outer surface of the door, keep the door frost-free, maintain clear visibility through transparent portions of the door, and avoid frost buildup on the floor and other surfaces adjacent to the door.
- Known systems for preventing the condensation of frost on the outside surface of a cold-storage locker door or to defrost a frost covered door have utilized radiant heat. These systems suffer from the presence of unequal application of heat upon the defrost surface.
- the invention provides a layer of relatively warm unsaturated air adjacent to the outer surface of the freezer door. Furthermore, it is advantageous to discharge the warmed air at the base of the outer freezer door surface in order to take advantage of the convection forces which will tend to cause the warmed air to rise and pass over the remainder of the door surface.
- a frost control system for receiving air from an inlet, drawing the received air through one or more heating elements and discharging the warmed air at the base of the outer, warm-side surface of a cold-storage locker door.
- the warmed air travels horizontally across the door surface due to the force of the blower and upward as a result of the convection forces incident upon the relatively warm air discharged from the frost control system. It is preferred to•receive air at a position at or near the top of the door of the cold storage locker.
- the air is drawn in and forced downward in a closed passage over a pair of heating units placed with one on each side of a portal enclosing the freezer door entrance.
- the heated air is ejected from the closed passage through apertures in the passageway horizontally and toward the surface of the cold storage locker door.
- another set of apertures may be directed downward from the ends of the closed passage in order to inhibit the formation of frost on the floor adjacent to the cold storage locker.
- Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of the front elevational view of the frost control system in an exemplary installation
- Figure 2 is a schematic drawing of the front elevational view of an alternative frost control system containing two blowers
- FIG. 3 is an illustration of two heater configurations
- Figure 4 is a top plan view of the vertical ducts illustrating the positioning of the discharge apertures of the frost control system
- Figure 5 is a schematic drawing of the electrical system for the frost control system
- Figure 6 is a top plan view of a storage locker having an inner and outer door
- Figure 7 is a schematic drawing of the front elevational view of the frost control system in an alternative embodiment utilizing both warm air and radiant heat.
- Figure 8 is a schematic drawing of the front elevational view of the frost control system in an alternative embodiment wherein the horizontal discharge apertures are spaced along both the upper and lower portions of the vertical air passageway.
- Figure 9 is a schematic drawing of the front elevational view of the frost control system in an alternative embodiment containing discharge apertures on one side of the door and suction apertures on the opposing side of the door.
- the present invention provides the above advantages through a frost control system.
- the frost control system uses standard off-the-shelf blower, duct, and heater elements readily available to those of ordinary skill in the area of frost control systems. Air is drawn into the frost control system by means of a standard PSC or Shaded Pole Blower manufactured by Dayton Electric. Unheated air passes from the blower to a poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) T- joint having a single input and two opposing output ducts. The two opposing output ducts are connected to PVC sewer grade pipe running above the storage locker entrance. An elbow joint connects the horizontal portions of the air passageway to the vertical portions of the air passageway.
- PVC poly-vinyl chloride
- the air ducts are held in place by the wraps tied around the tubing and through D-rings located on the side frames.
- the air passing down the vertical portions Prior to discharge from the frost control system, the air passing down the vertical portions is heated by strip heaters, such as those produced by Wellman, installed within the vertical portions. Air passing over these heating elements attains a sufficient temperature to provide, after discharge from the frost control system, a warm layer of air over the entire surface of the cold storage locker door for inhibiting to formation of condensation and frost on the surface.
- the desired temperature is attained from a combination of factors including the size of door, the outside air temperature, and the low rate of air discharged from the frost control system.
- the heated air is discharged from the lower section of the vertical portion of the frost control system through apertures in a direction horizontal to the base of the door and toward the door at a sufficient angle to provide a layer of warmed air along the outer surface of the storage locker door.
- the warmed air is forced by the frost controller horizontally across the door surface and rises vertically along the surface of the cold storage locker door due to convective forces acting upon the relatively warm air discharged from the control system.
- apertures are also positioned at the bottom end of each vertical portion of the frost control system which direct streams of air to the base of the door in order to inhibit the formation of frost on the floor adjacent to the storage locker and other adjacent surfaces.
- Figure 1 illustrates a general schematic diagram of the frost control system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the defrost system is mounted within a portal comprising two side frames 12 and 14, and a header frame 16.
- Air is drawn into the defrost system through the inlet duct of the blower 18.
- a Dayton Electric Manufacturing Co. 4C831A, % HP blower having an inlet diameter of 8 inches and outlet opening of 5.56 in. by 7.19 in.
- suitable blowers would be known to one skilled in the art of. frost control systems.
- the outlet of the blower 18 is fitted to duct- 20 by means of a T-joint sewer pipe fitting.
- the duct 20 is 4 inch diameter sewer grade PVC pipe.
- Elbow joints 22 and 24 join the horizontal duct 20 to the vertical ducts 26 and 28 respectively.
- low-temperature caulk is applied to the seams created by the joints 19, 22, and 24 and the ducts 20, 26 and 28.
- a single blower 18 is installed in the center of the header frame 16
- two blowers 18a, 18b are positioned in the header frame 16 directly above the heating elements 30 and 32 respectively.
- the providing of a more direct path to the heater units and the air outlets of the frost control system provides advantages not achieved by using a single blower 18 as shown in the present embodiment. However, it does require doubling the number of blowers and increasing the complexity of the electrical system of the frost control system.
- strip heaters 30 and 32 are installed within the lower sections of the vertical ducts 26 and 28 respectively.
- the heaters 30 and 32 are Wellman FS2061 1900 Watt strip heaters having radiating fins displaced tangentially to the flow of air downward in the ducts 26 and 28.
- the placement of the radiating fins tangentially and in parallel to the flow of air is illustrated in Figures 3a and 3b respectively.
- the heaters 30 and 32 are enclosed within a double- walled tin pipe.
- the power wires are contained within the ducts 26 and 28 and run from the heaters 30 and 32 to the elbow joints 22 and 24 respectively.
- the power wires for the strip heaters 30 and 32 protected by plastic gro mets, emerge from the ducts at holes drilled in the elbow joints 22 and 24 for such a purpose.
- the wires are then routed to the junction box 34 which thermostatically controls the operation of the frost control system. The operation of the junction box 34 is described in greater detail hereinafter.
- the heated air emerges from the bottom of the heater strips 30 and 32 and passes to the lowest portion of the vertical ducts 30 and 32.
- the heated air is discharged from the ducts 26 and 28 through sets of apertures 36 and 38 which are one inch in diameter and positioned such that the stream of heated air discharged horizontally out of the apertures 36 and 38 is slightly directed toward the storage locker door surface.
- the predetermined angle alpha created by the direction of the stream of heated air and the horizontal beam preferably is about 15 degrees.
- collimating means such as cylinders or other nozzles may be mounted along parallel axes parallel to the floor surface and directed inwardly at the desired angle, alpha.
- the preferred temperature range of the heated air at the time of discharge from the frost control system is between 70 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit.
- the temperature, relative humidity, volume of heated air, and velocity of air at the apertures, are some of the parameters which may be adjusted to prevent frost from accumulating on the surfaces of the door.
- each set of apertures 36 and 38 includes a set of 10 holes each approximately l inches in diameter.
- the lowest hole for discharging the warmed air horizontally is 22 inches from the base of the door 8.
- the holes should be evenly spaced having edges spaced approximately % inch apart.
- the number of holes as well as their size, shape, and spacing may be varied to some extent while providing essentially the same function as the apertures provided in this present described embodiment.
- additional apertures 40 and 42 are included in the end caps 44 and 46 respectively.
- the bottom ends of ducts 26 and 28 may be left uncapped. The venting of warm air out the bottom of the ducts 26 and 28 ensures that the warm air substantially is applied over the entire surface of the door 8, and especially the bottom portions of the door 8 and the surrounding surfaces. The volume of warm air circulated also is thereby increased.
- blower inlet helps to circulate warm air from the apertures across the door surfaces to the top of the door, where at least a portion of the warm air is recirculated into the blower system.
- the present embodiment utilizes 4 inch diameter PVC sewer pipe, other suitable duct materials would be known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, the dimensions of the ducts 20, 22 and 24 may be altered to suit the dimensions of any particular size door frame.
- a control system is included in the present invention in order to operate the frost control system only under the conditions when frost is likely to form on the outer, warm air, surface of the door 8.
- FIG 5 the electrical system, including the thermostatic control, is schematically illustrated.
- a thermostat 50 is mounted at the inlet port of the blower 18. When the temperature falls below 46 degrees Fahrenheit, the thermostat control closes the circuit operating the frost control system and the blower 18 and heating units 30 and 32 are switched on. Once the frost control system is enabled, the system will not shut off until a temperature of 50 degrees is sensed at the thermostat 50.
- the system is powered by three-phase 240 Volt AC power lines 60, 62, and 64.
- the power lines 60, 62 and 64 are connected to fuses 66-70 to provide circuit protection for the heaters 30 and 32 and the blower 18.
- Line 72 provides power from the fuse 66 to the blower 18.
- Lines 74-77 connect the outputs of fuses 67-70 to magnetic relays 78-81.
- the relays 78-81 are energized and thus closed when a coil 82 is energized.
- a thermostatic control circuit 84 for the frost control system includes a step down transformer 86 for converting the 240 Volt AC potential to 120 Volts AC.
- the control circuit 84 is connected in parallel to the lines 72 and 74 which provide power to the blower 18. Therefore, system protection is provided by preventing the energizing of the heating elements 30 and 32 any time power is not provided on lines 72 and 74 to operate the blower 18. Such protection is indeed desirable since severe overheating of the system would occur if the heaters 30 and 32 were energized without the blower 18 circulating air through the frost control system.
- the thermostat 50 is connected in series with the coil 82. It necessarily follows that the thermostat 50 disrupts the flow of current to the coil 82 and thus causes the opening of the magnetic relays 78-81 when the sensed temperature reaches a predetermined temperature where condensation is not likely to form upon the warm-side surface of the door.
- the frost control system shuts off when a temperature of 50 degrees Fahrenheit is sensed.
- the circuit closes when a predetermined temperature is sensed where condensation is likely to form on the warm-side surface of the door.
- the thermostat 50 closes the circuit 85 thus energizing the coil 82 when the sensed temperature reaches 46 degrees Fahrenheit.
- the energized coil 82 closes the magnetic relays 78-81 thus energizing the heaters 30 and 32 and the blower 18.
- Two fuses 92 and 94 are included in the thermostatic control circuit 84 on either end of the 240 Volt AC primary coil 86a of the step down transformer 86. These fuses are connected to lines 72 and 74 of the power supply circuit illustrated in Figure 4.
- the storage locker 2 may include an inner door 92 which provides additional insulation helpful when the frost controlled door is not in use. At such times, the frost control system is not needed. It is therefore advantageous to add another switch 51 in series with the thermostat 50 as shown in Figure 5 to cut off power to the frost control system when the inner door is closed.
- FIG 8 an alternative defrost system is illustrated wherein the discharge apertures 36 and 38 are disposed along both the upper and lower portions of the vertical ducts 26 and 28.
- the position of the heater strips 30 and 32 is adjusted so that the air passes through the heater strips 30 and 32 before leaving the defrost system through the apertures 36 and 38.
- the remainder of the defrost system is substantially the same as the system described above in connection with Figure 1.
- FIG 9 an alternative defrost system is illustrated wherein air is drawn into the defrost system by the blower 18d, passes over heater strip 32 and is discharged through apertures 38.
- Blower 18c creates a vacuum in duct 26. The vacuum draws air into the duct 26 through apertures 36.
- the right portion 98 of the frost control system discharges air and the left portion 99 draws air from the area in front of the door 8.
- the coordinated operation of the right portion 98 and left portion 99 creates a horizontal current of warm air across the door 8.
- Appropriate changes are made to the electrical sub-system illustrated in Figure 5 in a manner as is known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
- frost control system has been described. It would of course be obvious to one of ordinary skill in the area of frost control systems to make certain modifications to the aforedescribed system which would be within the scope and spirit of the invention described in the claims appended hereinafter. Such changes might entail modifying the blower configuration so that more than one blower is used to blow air from a relatively high inlet to a heater and discharge aperture below the inlet. The size, shape and quantity of the air discharge apertures may be modified to suit individual preferences.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69325575T DE69325575T2 (en) | 1992-04-20 | 1993-04-12 | ICE PROTECTION |
GB9401337A GB2278427B (en) | 1992-04-20 | 1993-04-12 | Frost control system |
EP93912206A EP0636234B1 (en) | 1992-04-20 | 1993-04-12 | Frost control system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/870,952 US5203175A (en) | 1992-04-20 | 1992-04-20 | Frost control system |
US870,952 | 1992-04-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993021486A1 true WO1993021486A1 (en) | 1993-10-28 |
Family
ID=25356401
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1993/003437 WO1993021486A1 (en) | 1992-04-20 | 1993-04-12 | Frost control system |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5203175A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0636234B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2114318C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69325575T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2133400T3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2278427B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993021486A1 (en) |
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US6145571A (en) * | 1996-10-11 | 2000-11-14 | Rite-Hite Holding Corporation | Rolling barrier |
US6226995B1 (en) | 1998-06-24 | 2001-05-08 | Rytec Corporation | Frost control system for a door |
US6314747B1 (en) | 1999-01-12 | 2001-11-13 | Xdx, Llc | Vapor compression system and method |
US6185958B1 (en) | 1999-11-02 | 2001-02-13 | Xdx, Llc | Vapor compression system and method |
BR0007808B1 (en) | 1999-01-12 | 2009-01-13 | steam compression cooling system and method of operation thereof. | |
CA2358461C (en) | 1999-01-12 | 2008-10-14 | Xdx, Llc | Vapor compression system and method |
US6155060A (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2000-12-05 | Munters Corporation | Condensation and frost control system |
US6401470B1 (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2002-06-11 | Xdx, Llc | Expansion device for vapor compression system |
US6393851B1 (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2002-05-28 | Xdx, Llc | Vapor compression system |
US6408636B1 (en) * | 2000-10-16 | 2002-06-25 | Larry Backes | Method and apparatus for preventing ice build up around a freezer door |
US6474983B1 (en) | 2001-04-30 | 2002-11-05 | Edward S. Robbins | Heated industrial curtain |
US7216396B2 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2007-05-15 | Slawinski Michael D | Debris blower apparatus |
US6595429B1 (en) | 2002-04-03 | 2003-07-22 | Asi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for providing continuous real-time conditioned air curtain |
US6983565B2 (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2006-01-10 | Jamison Door Company | Air heated, flexible door panel |
US20060090401A1 (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2006-05-04 | Jamison Door Company | Air heated, flexible door panel |
DE10327339B4 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2006-07-27 | Joachim Weber | Gate for cold rooms |
MXPA05002353A (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-09-08 | Asi Tech Inc | Air curtain doorway. |
US7340907B2 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2008-03-11 | Computer Process Controls, Inc. | Anti-condensation control system |
US8733024B2 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2014-05-27 | Jamison Door Company | Flexible door with rigid insulation |
US20080110580A1 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-05-15 | Rite-Hite Holding Corporation | Insulated curtain for a door |
WO2009140584A2 (en) | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-19 | Xdx Innovative Refrigeration, Llc | Surged vapor compression heat transfer system with reduced defrost |
US8429929B2 (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2013-04-30 | Cold Chain, Llc | Flexible door panel cold storage door system |
US8011191B2 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2011-09-06 | Thermo Fisher Scientific (Asheville) Llc | Refrigeration system having a variable speed compressor |
NO335251B1 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-10-27 | Trosterud Mekaniske Verksted As | Method and apparatus for distributing dry ice snow |
US9897656B2 (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2018-02-20 | Carrier Corporation | Method for sensing welded contacts on a switching device |
US9429353B2 (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-08-30 | Rytec Corporation | Turbo seal insulated heat fin |
GB2526808B (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2020-10-28 | Ralph Ellerker 1795 Ltd | Door system and method |
KR20160001389A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-01-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Refrigerator and method for controlling the same |
CN104729198A (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2015-06-24 | 上虞市五叶食品机械有限公司 | Frost flower trapper |
US11002065B2 (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2021-05-11 | Asi Doors, Inc. | Sealing system for a conditioned door threshold |
ES2729731B2 (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2021-02-17 | Amiserru Sl | ENCLOSURE FOR REFRIGERATED ROOMS |
US11371285B2 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2022-06-28 | Overhead Door Corporation | Rolling door guide area heating method and system |
US10976096B2 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2021-04-13 | Kenneth Lee Seddelmeyer | Refrigerated enclosure opening and methods |
US11116333B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2021-09-14 | Carrier Corporation | Refrigerated display cabinet including microchannel heat exchangers |
US11559147B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2023-01-24 | Carrier Corporation | Refrigerated display cabinet utilizing a radial cross flow fan |
CN111238137B (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2021-09-03 | 浙江大工新能源有限公司 | Defrosting and defrosting device for continuous working quick-freezing warehouse |
US11906235B2 (en) | 2020-02-05 | 2024-02-20 | Peter M. Osgard | Refrigeration door system and door assembly with defrosting and related methods |
US11221174B2 (en) | 2020-02-05 | 2022-01-11 | Peter M. Osgard | Refrigeration door system and door assembly with defrosting and related methods |
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- 1992-04-20 US US07/870,952 patent/US5203175A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-04-12 EP EP93912206A patent/EP0636234B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-12 GB GB9401337A patent/GB2278427B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-04-12 ES ES93912206T patent/ES2133400T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-12 WO PCT/US1993/003437 patent/WO1993021486A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-04-12 CA CA002114318A patent/CA2114318C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-04-12 DE DE69325575T patent/DE69325575T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-19 US US08/049,767 patent/US5329781A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US2558997A (en) * | 1949-08-09 | 1951-07-03 | Automatic Screw Products Compa | Means for preventing loss of cold air from refrigerated spaces |
US2706387A (en) * | 1953-03-02 | 1955-04-19 | Tyler Refrigeration Corp | Condensation control on the outside of refrigerated cabinets |
US2827266A (en) * | 1956-10-31 | 1958-03-18 | V C Patterson & Associates Inc | Vestibule for cold storage warehouses |
US3025681A (en) * | 1960-08-15 | 1962-03-20 | John S Booth | Moisture controlled refrigerator openings |
US3462966A (en) * | 1967-12-05 | 1969-08-26 | Beverage Air Co | Condensation removing means for refrigerated cabinets |
US4009586A (en) * | 1975-02-03 | 1977-03-01 | Skvarenina John A | Method and apparatus for preventing condensation from forming about the periphery of a freezer door |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP0636234A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5329781A (en) | 1994-07-19 |
EP0636234B1 (en) | 1999-07-07 |
GB2278427B (en) | 1996-05-15 |
EP0636234A4 (en) | 1997-05-14 |
ES2133400T3 (en) | 1999-09-16 |
GB2278427A (en) | 1994-11-30 |
EP0636234A1 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
CA2114318C (en) | 1995-09-05 |
GB9401337D0 (en) | 1994-08-31 |
CA2114318A1 (en) | 1993-10-28 |
US5203175A (en) | 1993-04-20 |
DE69325575T2 (en) | 1999-11-18 |
DE69325575D1 (en) | 1999-08-12 |
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